Chapter 7: - Muscular System

Anatomy and Physiology with Integrated

Study Guide 5th Edition Gunstream
0073378232 9780073378237
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Chapter 7
Muscular System

Multiple Choice Questions

1. The muscle that can be described as multinucleated, striated and voluntary is

A. skeletal muscle.
B. smooth muscle.
C. cardiac muscle.
D. skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle.

Bloom's Level: 3. Apply

Gunstream - Chapter 07 #1
Learning Objective: 07.01 Compare the structure and function of skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscle tissue.
Section 07.01
Topic: Cells
Topic: Muscular System

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Chapter 7: - Muscular System

2. The muscle that can be described as involuntary, non-striated, and having a single nucleus
is
A. skeletal muscle.
B. smooth muscle.
C. cardiac muscle.
D. skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember

Bloom's Level: 3. Apply
Gunstream - Chapter 07 #2
Learning Objective: 07.01 Compare the structure and function of skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscle tissue.
Section 07.01
Topic: Cells
Topic: Muscular System

7-2

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any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
Chapter 7: - Muscular System

3. A sustained muscle contraction is referred to as

A. concentric contraction.
B. eccentric contraction.
C. fatigued contraction.
D. tetanic contraction.

Bloom's Level: 3. Apply

Gunstream - Chapter 07 #3
Learning Objective: 07.08 Explain how the all-or-none contraction of muscle fibers enables the graded contractions of whole muscles.
Section 07.02

4. The functional unit of skeletal muscle is

A. myosin.
B. sarcolemma.
C. a motor unit.
D. a sarcomere.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember

Gunstream - Chapter 07 #4
Learning Objective: 07.03 Describe the structure of a muscle fiber.
Section 07.01
Topic: Muscular System

5. The plasma membrane, or phospholipid bilayer, of the skeletal muscle cell is referred to as
the
A. sarcomere.
B. sarcolemma.
C. sarcoplasm.
D. myofibril.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember

Gunstream - Chapter 07 #5
Section 07.01
Topic: Cells
Topic: Muscular System

7-3

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any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
Chapter 7: - Muscular System

6. The neurotransmitter active in skeletal muscle contraction is

A. acetylcholine.
B. norepinephrine.
C. epinephrine.
D. serotonin.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember

Gunstream - Chapter 07 #6
Learning Objective: 07.05 Describe the structure and function of a neuromuscular junction.
Section 07.01
Topic: Cells

7. Muscle cells can store oxygen using the pigment

A. hemoglobin.
B. myosin.
C. actin.
D. none of these choices are correct

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember

Gunstream - Chapter 07 #7
Learning Objective: 07.07 Explain the cause of, and recovery from, oxygen debt.
Section 07.02
Topic: Cells
Topic: Chemistry
Topic: Muscular System

8. The site of attachment of a muscle that does not move during contraction is identified as
the
A. insertion.
B. tendon.
C. ligament.
D. origin.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember

Gunstream - Chapter 07 #8
Learning Objective: 07.09 Explain the relationship between a muscle's origin and insertion and its action.
Section 07.03
Topic: Muscular System

7-4

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any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
Chapter 7: - Muscular System

9. The broad sheet of fibrous connective tissue active in connecting one muscle to another is
referred to as the
A. insertion.
B. aponeurosis.
C. myofibril.
D. ligament.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember

Gunstream - Chapter 07 #9
Learning Objective: 07.02 Describe the structure of a skeletal muscle and explain how it is attached to a bone or another muscle.
Section 07.01
Topic: Muscular System

10. A graded response occurs when

A. multiple motor units are activated.
B. an individual muscle cell undergoes an all-or-none response.
C. multiple muscles in a group are activated.
D. none of these choices are correct

Bloom's Level: 3. Apply

Gunstream - Chapter 07 #10
Learning Objective: 07.08 Explain how the all-or-none contraction of muscle fibers enables the graded contractions of whole muscles.
Section 07.02
Topic: Muscular System

11. A weight lifter is attempting a new level of weights that are too heavy for him. His
muscles contract but can't shorten. This would be an example of what type of contraction?
A. concentric contraction
B. eccentric contraction
C. isotonic contraction
D. isometric contraction

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand

Gunstream - Chapter 07 #11
Learning Objective: 07.08 Explain how the all-or-none contraction of muscle fibers enables the graded contractions of whole muscles.
Section 07.02
Topic: Muscular System

7-5

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any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
Chapter 7: - Muscular System

12. When breathing, the muscles that surround the thoracic cavity undergo ________
contractions.
A. concentric
B. eccentric
C. isotonic
D. isometric

Bloom's Level: 3. Apply

Gunstream - Chapter 07 #12
Learning Objective: 07.08 Explain how the all-or-none contraction of muscle fibers enables the graded contractions of whole muscles.
Section 07.02
Topic: Muscular System

13. You've just eaten something sour and pucker your lips in response. This occurs due to the
contraction of the ________ muscle.
A. orbicularis oculi
B. orbicularis oris
C. masseter
D. zygomaticus

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember

Gunstream - Chapter 07 #13
Learning Objective: 07.10 Describe the location and action of the major muscles of the body.
Section 07.05
Topic: Muscular System

14. Which is the primary muscle used in smiling, when the corners of your moth lift upward?
A. orbicularis oculi
B. orbicularis oris
C. masseter
D. zygomaticus

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember

Gunstream - Chapter 07 #14
Learning Objective: 07.10 Describe the location and action of the major muscles of the body.
Section 07.05
Topic: Muscular System

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any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
Chapter 7: - Muscular System

15. To raise the mandible during chewing you would need to contract what two muscles?
A. the masseter and temporalis
B. the masseter and buccinators
C. the temporalis and buccinators
D. the buccinators and platysma

Bloom's Level: 3. Apply

Gunstream - Chapter 07 #15
Learning Objective: 07.10 Describe the location and action of the major muscles of the body.
Section 07.05
Topic: Muscular System

16. Contraction of the diaphragm results in

A. expiration.
B. inspiration.
C. a flat stomach ("sucking in your gut").
D. urination.

Bloom's Level: 3. Apply

Gunstream - Chapter 07 #16
Learning Objective: 07.10 Describe the location and action of the major muscles of the body.
Topic: Muscular System

17. Which of the following muscles is the prime mover of the "hamstrings"?
A. biceps femoris
B. semitendinous
C. semimembranosus
D. rectus femoris

Bloom's Level: 3. Apply

Gunstream - Chapter 07 #17
Learning Objective: 07.10 Describe the location and action of the major muscles of the body.
Section 07.05
Topic: Muscular System

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Chapter 7: - Muscular System

18. Muscles that work together in a group such as the "hamstrings" are referred to as
A. antagonists.
B. insertions.
C. synergists.
D. none of these choices are correct

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember

Gunstream - Chapter 07 #18
Learning Objective: 07.09 Explain the relationship between a muscle's origin and insertion and its action.
Section 07.03
Topic: Muscular System

19. Cramps in a muscle can be caused by

A. a lack of ATP.
B. a build-up of CO2 and lactic acid.
C. a blow to the muscle.
D. all of these choices are correct

Bloom's Level: Analyze

Gunstream - Chapter 07 #19
Learning Objective: 07.07 Explain the cause of, and recovery from, oxygen debt.
Section 07.02
Topic: Muscular System

20. Fibrosis of muscle tissue is caused by

A. inflammation of the muscle.
B. replacement of muscle tissue by fibrous connective tissue.
C. inflammation of the tendons connecting the muscle to bone.
D. inflammation of the fascia surrounding the muscle.

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand

Gunstream - Chapter 07 #20
Learning Objective: 07.12 Describe the major disorders of the muscle system.
Section 07.06
Topic: Muscular System

7-8

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any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
Chapter 7: - Muscular System

21. A skeletal muscle contains many fascicles of _________ bound together by _________
connective tissue.
A. muscle fibers; fibrous
B. myosin filaments; fibrous
C. muscle fibers; loose
D. myofilaments; fibrous

Gunstream - Chapter 07 #21

Learning Objective: 07.02 Describe the structure of a skeletal muscle and explain how it is attached to a bone or another muscle.

22. Contraction of myofibrils results from _________ cross-bridges pulling _______

filaments to the center of a sarcomere.
A. myosin; muscle fibers
B. myosin; myofibrils
C. actin; myosin
D. myosin; actin

Gunstream - Chapter 07 #22

Learning Objective: 07.06 Describe the physiology of contraction.

23. A motor neuron and the muscle fibers it controls constitute a __________, which contains
_________ muscle fibers where precise muscle control is required.
A. motor fascicle; very few
B. muscle; many
C. motor unit; very few
D. motor unit; many

Gunstream - Chapter 07 #23

Learning Objective: 07.05 Describe the structure and function of a neuromuscular junction.

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any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
Chapter 7: - Muscular System

24. A muscle fiber is stimulated to contract when receptors on the _________ bind with
acetylcholine released into the synaptic cleft by the axon tip of the ________.
A. motor neuron; sarcolemma
B. sarcolemma; motor neuron
C. sarcomere; motor neuron
D. synaptic vesicles; motor neuron

Gunstream - Chapter 07 #24

Learning Objective: 07.05 Describe the structure and function of a neuromuscular junction.

25. The accumulation of lactic acid during strenuous muscle activity results from a deficiency
of
A. pyruvic acid.
B. glucose.
C. ADP.
D. oxygen.

Gunstream - Chapter 07 #25

Learning Objective: 07.07 Explain the cause of, and recovery from, oxygen debt.

26. An all-or-none response to a threshold stimulus is characteristic of

A. individual muscle fibers.
B. small muscles.
C. large muscles.
D. none of these choices are correct

Gunstream - Chapter 07 #26

Learning Objective: 07.08 Explain how the all-or-none contraction of muscle fibers enables the graded contractions of whole muscles.

7-10

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any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
Chapter 7: - Muscular System

27. A muscle's motor units are activated by different thresholds of stimulation, which enables
a muscle to exhibit
A. sustained contractions.
B. graded contractions.
C. latent contractions.
D. all-or-none responses.

Gunstream - Chapter 07 #27

Learning Objective: 07.08 Explain how the all-or-none contraction of muscle fibers enables the graded contractions of whole muscles.

28. When a muscle spanning a joint contracts, it pulls the ________ toward the ________.
A. insertion; origin
B. origin; insertion
C. smaller bone; larger bone
D. larger bone; smaller bone

Gunstream - Chapter 07 #28

Learning Objective: 07.09 Explain the relationship between a muscle's origin and insertion and its action.

29. Two muscles of mastication are the _________ and _________.

A. masseter; buccinator
B. masseter; platysma
C. masseter; temporalis
D. masseter; zygomaticus

Gunstream - Chapter 07 #29

Learning Objective: 07.10 Describe the location and action of the major muscles of the body.

30. The superficial muscle that originates on the pubic bone and inserts on the tip of the
sternum and costal cartilages is the
A. rectus abdominis.
B. external oblique.
C. internal oblique.
D. transversus abdominis.

Gunstream - Chapter 07 #30

Learning Objective: 07.10 Describe the location and action of the major muscles of the body.

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Chapter 7: - Muscular System

31. The muscle that abducts and extends the humerus is the
A. latissimus dorsi.
B. pectoralis major.
C. coracobrachialis.
D. deltoid.

Gunstream - Chapter 07 #31

Learning Objective: 07.10 Describe the location and action of the major muscles of the body.

32. The muscle that extends the forearm is the

A. brachialis.
B. triceps brachii.
C. brachioradialis.
D. biceps brachii.

Gunstream - Chapter 07 #32

Learning Objective: 07.10 Describe the location and action of the major muscles of the body.

33. The muscle that extends and rotates the femur laterally is the
A. psoas major.
B. adductor magnus.
C. gluteus maximus.
D. gluteus medius.

Gunstream - Chapter 07 #33

Learning Objective: 07.10 Describe the location and action of the major muscles of the body.

34. Select the three muscles that compose the hamstrings and flex the leg.
A. biceps femoris, rectus femoris, semitendinosus
B. biceps femoris, semimembranosus, semitendinosus
C. biceps femoris, gracilis, sartorius
D. biceps femoris, vastus medialis, semitendinosus

Gunstream - Chapter 07 #34

Learning Objective: 07.10 Describe the location and action of the major muscles of the body.

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any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
Chapter 7: - Muscular System

35. The ________ originates on the condyles of the femur, inserts on the calcaneus, flexes the
leg, and plantar flexes the foot.
A. gastrocnemius
B. soleus
C. peroneus longus
D. tibialis anterior

Gunstream - Chapter 07 #35

Learning Objective: 07.10 Describe the location and action of the major muscles of the body.

36. All of the following muscles are attached to the scapula except:
A. supraspinatous
B. latissimus dorsi
C. rhomboideus major
D. teres minor

Learning Objective: 07.10 Describe the location and action of the major muscles of the body.

37. In general, muscles on the anterior surface of the arm are __________, and muscles on
the anterior surface of the leg are ____________.
A. flexors, extensors
B. flexors, flexors
C. extensors, flexors
D. extensors, extensors

Learning Objective: 07.10 Describe the location and action of the major muscles of the body.

38. Muscle that is trained for endurance would have all of the following adaptations except:
A. an increased number of mitochondria.
B. an increased ability to store oxygen inside of muscle cells.
C. better vascularization, with more capillaries in the muscle.
D. an increased number of myofibrils in muscle fibers.

Learning Objective: 07.07 Explain the cause of, and recovery from, oxygen debt.

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any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
Chapter 7: - Muscular System

39. A graded response of posture muscles such as the gluteus maximus is called ________.
A. atrophy
B. hypertrophy
C. muscle tone
D. maximal stimulus

Learning Objective: 07.08 Explain how the all-or-none contraction of muscle fibers enables the graded contractions of whole muscles.

40. The deepest of the abdominal muscles is the ______________.

A. transversus abdominus
B. external oblique
C. internal oblique
D. rectus abdominus

Learning Objective: 07.10 Describe the location and action of the major muscles of the body.

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