Turbo-Brayton cryogenic systems

An ideal solution for refrigeration

EASISchool2 – Oct 4th 2019 - Cécile Gondrand
 Outline

■ Introduction

■ From conventional Brayton to Turbo-Brayton

■ Product line range

■ Example of applications

■ Conclusion

2 Air Liquide, w orld leader in gases for industry, health and the env ironment
 Introduction

3 Air Liquide, w orld leader in gases for industry, health and the env ironment
 Turbo-Brayton - Introduction
■ In order to produce cold
 Compress gas
 Expand gas
 Heat exchanger to transfer the cold to an application

4 Air Liquide, w orld leader in gases for industry, health and the env ironment
 From conventional Brayton to Turbo-Brayton

■ Classical Brayton refrigerators are composed

of:

M
 A lubricated screw compressor Eau
Water

 An Oil Removal System (ORS)

 A pressure management system

 Cryogenic heat exchangers

 A purification system (adsorber)

LN2, GHe…
 A cryogenic expander

5 Air Liquide, w orld leader in gases for industry, health and the env ironment
 From conventional Brayton to Turbo-Brayton

M
Eau
Water

LN2, GHe…

6 Air Liquide, w orld leader in gases for industry, health and the env ironment
 From conventional Brayton to Turbo-Brayton

Removal of
Water
Eau
the ORS

M
Removal of the
pressure
The lubricated screw management
compressor is replaced system
by a dry centrifugal
compressor on
magnetic bearings
(Pelec : -12% to -20%)
LN2, GHe…

7 Air Liquide, w orld leader in gases for industry, health and the env ironment
 From conventional Brayton to Turbo-Brayton

Water
Eau

M
The rotating seal
between the motor
and the compressor
is replaced by a
hermetic moto-
compressor
LN2, GHe…

8 Air Liquide, w orld leader in gases for industry, health and the env ironment
 From conventional Brayton to Turbo-Brayton

Water
Eau

M
The rotating seal
between the motor
and the compressor
is replaced by a
hermetic moto-
compressor
LN2, GHe…
Removal of the
adsorber

9 Air Liquide, w orld leader in gases for industry, health and the env ironment
 From conventional Brayton to Turbo-Brayton

Water
Eau

The expander is
directly linked to the
motor: power
M
recovery
(Pelec: -10%@77K)
LN2, GHe…

Removal of the
brake Removal of throttling
valve
10 Air Liquide, w orld leader in gases for industry, health and the env ironment
 From conventional Brayton to Turbo-Brayton

■ The only rotating part of the

system is the Moto-turbo- Water
Eau
Compressor shaft

LN2, GHe…  High efficiency

 No maintenance
 High reliability
 High lifetime

11 Air Liquide, w orld leader in gases for industry, health and the env ironment
 From conventional Brayton to Turbo-Brayton

12 Air Liquide, w orld leader in gases for industry, health and the env ironment
 Range

13 Air Liquide, w orld leader in gases for industry, health and the env ironment
 Turbo-Brayton – Range and applications
■ This product line is composed of standard products for refrigeration
Product range TBF-80 TBF-175 TBF-350 TBF-700 TBF-1050 TBF-1225

 Range : 15 – 150 K
 High efficiency > 40% Carnot

14 Air Liquide, w orld leader in gases for industry, health and the env ironment
 Turbo-Brayton – Cooling power vs temperature
350
TBF-1050

300
Cold Power in kW (15°C cooling water)

250
TBF-700

200

150

TBF-350
100

50 TBF-175

TBF-80
0
20 40 60 80 100 120 140
T (K)
15 Air Liquide, w orld leader in gases for industry, health and the env ironment
 Turbo-Brayton – Efficiency at partial load
97% 100%
90%

■ High efficiency is an advantage

Turbo-Brayton efficiency
80%

for full load, but even more at 70%

60%
partial load. And that is exactly 50%
where most refrigerators operate. 40%
30%
20%
■ At 60 % partial load, the overall 10%
efficiency of the refrigerator is 0%
40%
only decreased by 3 % 38%
35%

30%

operating hour
Distribution of
25%

20%

15%

10%

 The cold power is automatically adjusted from 5%

0 to 100 % by varying the speed of the motor. 0%
No valves nor heater are needed. 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
% of maximal cold power

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 Applications

17 Air Liquide, w orld leader in gases for industry, health and the env ironment
 References – TBF-80

18 Air Liquide, w orld leader in gases for industry, health and the env ironment
 References - HTS cable cooling
■ What is Superconductive material ?
 Material with low electrical resistance and high magnetic field
 Can be reached below a critical temperature

■ High Temperature Superconductive cables can transit 5 to 10

times the electrical current of traditional copper or aluminum
cables
 Lower footprint
 Higher currents can be transported
 Ideal for long distance transportation or to increase current in
saturated urban areas
 Need of temperature below 77K

19 Air Liquide, w orld leader in gases for industry, health and the env ironment
 References - HTS cable cooling – TBF-175

20 Air Liquide, w orld leader in gases for industry, health and the env ironment
 References - HTS cable cooling – TBF-350

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 References – On-board reliquefaction of LNG BOG

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 References – Reliquefaction of LNG BOG – TBF-350
■ Application
 6,500 m3 LNG bunker vessel

23 Air Liquide, w orld leader in gases for industry, health and the env ironment
 References – Reliquefaction of LNG BOG – TBF-1050
■ Application
 174 000 m3 LNG carriers

24 Air Liquide, w orld leader in gases for industry, health and the env ironment
 References – Reliquefaction of LNG BOG – TBF-1225

25 Air Liquide, w orld leader in gases for industry, health and the env ironment
 Conclusions

26 Air Liquide, w orld leader in gases for industry, health and the env ironment
 Turbo-Brayton – Main features
■ The key benefits of the Turbo Brayton
 Efficient solution thanks to smart process
■ Carnot efficiency > 40%
■ Turndown between 0% and 100% and high efficiency on all operation range
 Single skid solution
■ Easy installation
■ Plug and play design
■ Short start-up
■ Low foot-print
 High reliability: with contact free, oil free technology - MTBF = 105 000 h
 Utility free: no compress air, no oil, no nitrogen or any process gas make-up
 Drastically reduced maintenance = few days each 5-years

■ A complete range of products

 Covering wide range of applications

27 Air Liquide, w orld leader in gases for industry, health and the env ironment
Thank you for your attention