UNIVERSIDAD TÉCNICA ESTATAL DE QUEVEDO

NOMBRES: ERICK ALEXANDER ALVARADO DELGADO

DERIAN JOSE VERA VELIZ
JOSUE ISAIAS MERO FRANCO

CURSO: 3RO “B” INGENIERÍA ELÉCTRICA.

TALLER DE EDO HOMOGÉNEAS

1.(𝑥 − 𝑦)𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑𝑦 = 0 𝑦 = 𝑢𝑥

𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑐𝑖ó𝑛. 𝑑𝑦 = 𝑢𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑𝑢
(𝑥 − 𝑢𝑥)𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥(𝑢𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑𝑢) = 0
2
𝑥𝑑𝑥 − 𝑢𝑥𝑑𝑥 + 𝑢𝑥𝑑𝑥 +𝑥 𝑑𝑢 = 0
2
𝑥𝑑𝑥(1 − 𝑢 + 𝑢) +𝑥 𝑑𝑢 = 0
2
𝑥𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥 𝑑𝑢 = 0
2
𝑥𝑑𝑥 =− 𝑥 𝑑𝑢
𝑥
𝑥
𝑑𝑥 =− 𝑑𝑢

1
∫ 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 =−∫ 𝑑𝑢
𝑦
𝑙𝑛(𝑥) =− 𝑢 + 𝑐 𝑢 =𝑥
𝑦 𝑦
𝑙𝑛𝑥 =− 𝑥
+𝑐 𝑙𝑛𝑥 − 𝑐 =− 𝑥
𝑥𝑙𝑛𝑥 − 𝑥𝑐 =− 𝑦 (− 1)
− 𝑥𝑙𝑛 − 𝑐𝑥 = 𝑦//

3 3 2
2. 𝑦 𝑑𝑥 + 2(𝑥 − 𝑥𝑦 )𝑑𝑦 = 0
𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑐𝑖ó𝑛.
3 2 3
2(𝑥 − 𝑥𝑦 )𝑑𝑦 + 𝑦 𝑑𝑥
2 3 3 3
(2 − 2𝑢) 𝑥 (𝑢𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑𝑢) =− 𝑢 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
2 3
(2 − 2𝑢 )𝑥𝑑𝑢 = (𝑢 − 2𝑢)𝑑𝑥
 𝑢 𝑢
− 2∫ 2 𝑑𝑢 + 2∫ 2
𝑢 −2 𝑢(𝑢 −2)

1
𝑑𝑢 =∫ 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
2
𝑢 −2
− 𝑙𝑛 2
− 𝑙𝑛(𝑢) = 𝑙𝑛(𝑥) + 𝑐//

𝑦
3. (𝑥𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝑥 + 𝑦)𝑑𝑥 − 𝑥𝑑𝑦 = 0

𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑐𝑖ó𝑛.
𝑥 1
(𝑡𝑥 − 𝑡𝑎𝑔 + 𝑡)𝑑𝑥 − 𝑡𝑥𝑑𝑦 = 0
𝑥1

⎡𝑥− 𝑡𝑎𝑔 𝑦
+ 𝑦⎤⎥𝑑𝑥 − 𝑥𝑑𝑦 = 0
⎢ 𝑥
⎣ ⎦
𝑦 = 𝑦𝑥
𝑑𝑦 = 𝑥𝑑𝑦 + 𝑦𝑑𝑥
𝑦𝑥
(𝑥𝑡𝑎𝑛
𝑥
+ 𝑣𝑥)𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥(𝑥𝑑𝑣 + 𝑦𝑑𝑥) = 0
2
𝑥𝑡𝑎𝑔𝑣𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑𝑥 − 𝑥 𝑑𝑦 − 𝑥𝑣𝑑𝑥 = 0
2
𝑥𝑡𝑎𝑔𝑣𝑑𝑥 −𝑥 𝑑𝑦 = 0
2
𝑥𝑡𝑎𝑔𝑣𝑑𝑥 =𝑥 𝑑𝑣
𝑦 𝑑𝑣
2 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑡𝑎𝑔𝑣
𝑥

𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑣
∫ 𝑥
=∫ 𝑡𝑎𝑔𝑣

𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑣
∫ 𝑥
=∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝑣 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑣

𝑑𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑣 𝑑𝑣
∫ 𝑥
=∫ 𝑣
x 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑣

𝑙𝑛(𝑥) = 𝑙𝑛|𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑣| + 𝑐
𝑦
v𝑥
𝑦
𝑙𝑛|𝑥| = 𝑙𝑛|𝑠𝑒𝑛|( 𝑥 ) + 𝑐
𝑦
𝑙𝑛𝑥 −|𝑥|𝑠𝑒𝑛( 𝑥 ) = 𝑐//
 (
4. 𝑥 + 𝑦
3 2 2
)
2
𝑥 + 𝑦 𝑑𝑥 − 𝑥𝑦 𝑥 + 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 = 0
2 2

𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑐𝑖ó𝑛:
3 2 2 2 2 2 𝑑𝑦
𝑥 +𝑦 𝑥 + 𝑦 − 𝑥𝑦 𝑥 + 𝑦 𝑑𝑥
=0
3 2 2 2 2 2
𝑥 +𝑦 𝑥 + 𝑦 − 𝑥𝑦 𝑥 + 𝑦 𝑦' = 0

𝑦
3
=
( 3
𝑥 +𝑦
2
𝑥 +𝑦
2
)
2 2
𝑥 +𝑦
2

3 3
𝑥 𝑦+𝑥𝑦

𝑥 3 2 1
𝑦
= 9𝑙𝑚 (𝑥) + 18 𝐶1𝑙𝑚(𝑥) + 9𝑐2 − 1

𝑥 3 3 1
𝑦
=− 9𝑙𝑚 (𝑥) + 18 𝐶1𝑙𝑚(𝑥) + 9𝑐2 − 1

3 3 1
𝑦= 9𝑙𝑚 (𝑥) + 18 𝐶1𝑙𝑚(𝑥) + 9𝑐2 − 1𝑥

3 2 1
𝑦 =− 𝑥 9𝑙𝑚 (𝑥) + 18 𝐶1𝑙𝑚(𝑥) + 9𝑐2 − 1 𝑅//
 3 3
𝑑𝑦 𝑦(2𝑥 − 𝑦 )
5.
𝑑𝑥
=- 3 3
𝑥(2𝑦 − 𝑥 )
3 3
λ𝑦 λ𝑦(2λ𝑥 − λ𝑦 )
𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑐𝑖ó𝑛: λ𝑥 =- 3 3
λ𝑥(2λ𝑦 − λ𝑥 )
3 3 3 3
𝑥(2𝑦 − 𝑥 )𝑑𝑦 =− 𝑦(2𝑥 − 𝑦 ) = 𝑑𝑥
3 3 3 3
𝑥(2𝑦 − 𝑥 )𝑑𝑦 + 𝑦(2𝑥 − 𝑦 )𝑑𝑥 = 0
𝑦 = 𝑢𝑥 𝑑𝑦 = 𝑢𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑𝑢
3 3 3 3 3
𝑥(2(𝑢𝑥) − 𝑥 )[𝑢𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑𝑢] + 𝑢𝑥(2𝑥 − 𝑢 𝑥 )𝑑𝑥 = 0
4 3 4 4 4 4
[2𝑥 𝑢 −𝑥 ][𝑢𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑𝑢] + (2𝑢𝑥 − 𝑢 𝑥 )𝑑𝑥 = 0
4 3 5 3 4 5 4 4 4
2𝑥 𝑢 𝑢𝑑𝑥 + 2𝑥 𝑢 𝑑𝑢 − 𝑢𝑥 𝑑𝑥 − 𝑥 𝑑𝑢 + 2𝑢𝑥 𝑑𝑥 − 𝑢 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 0
4 4 4 4 4 5 3 5
2𝑥 u 𝑑𝑥 + 2𝑢𝑥 𝑑𝑥 − 𝑢 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 + (2𝑥 𝑢 − 𝑥 )𝑑𝑢
4 4 4 5 3 5
(𝑥 𝑢 + 𝑢𝑥 )𝑑𝑥 + (2𝑥 𝑢 − 𝑥 )𝑑𝑢
4 4 5 3
𝑥 (𝑢 + 𝑢)𝑑𝑥 + (𝑥 (2𝑢 − 1))𝑑𝑢
4 4 5 3
𝑥 (𝑢 + 𝑢)𝑑𝑥 =− 𝑥 (2𝑢 − 1))𝑑𝑢

4 3
𝑥 −2𝑢 +1
5 𝑑𝑥 = 4 𝑑𝑢
𝑥 𝑢 +𝑢

4 3
𝑥 −2𝑢 +1
5 𝑑𝑥 = 3 𝑑𝑢
𝑥 𝑢(𝑢 +1)
3
𝑑𝑥 −2𝑢 +1
𝑥
= 3 𝑑𝑢
𝑢(𝑢 +1)
3
𝑑𝑥 −2𝑢 +1
∫ 𝑥
=∫ 3 𝑑𝑢
𝑢(𝑢 +1)

( )
3 3
𝑙𝑛𝑥 = ∫⎡⎢ ⎤𝑑𝑢
4𝑢 +1 (−6𝑢 )
4 + 4 ⎥
⎣ 𝑢 +1 𝑢 +1 ⎦
3 3
4𝑢 +1 𝑢
𝑙𝑛𝑥 = ∫ 4 𝑑𝑢 − 6∫ 4 𝑑𝑢
𝑢 +1 𝑢 +1
4 3
𝑙𝑛𝑥 = 𝑙𝑛 𝑢
⎣
1
|
+ 1 − 6⎡ 3 𝑙𝑛 1 + 𝑢 | [ ]⎤⎦
4 3
𝑙𝑛𝑥 = 𝑙𝑛 𝑢 + 1 − 2𝑙𝑛 1 + 𝑢 | | [ ]
𝑦
𝑦 = 𝑢𝑥 𝑢= 𝑥
4 3
|𝑦 | | 𝑦 |
𝑙𝑛𝑥 = 𝑙𝑛| + 1| − 2𝑙𝑛|1 + |//
|𝑥 4
| | 𝑥
3
|
 2 2
6. (2𝑥𝑦 + 3𝑦 )𝑑𝑥 = (2𝑥𝑦 + 𝑥 ) 𝑑𝑦 𝑐𝑜𝑛 𝑦(1) = 1

𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑐𝑖ó𝑛:
2 2 𝑑𝑦
2 𝑥𝑦 + 3𝑦 = (2 𝑥 𝑦 + 𝑥 ) 𝑑𝑥
2 2
2 𝑥𝑦 + 3𝑦 = (2 𝑥 𝑦 + 𝑥 )𝑦'
𝑣(3𝑣+2)
𝑥𝑣' + 𝑣 = 2𝑣+1
1+4 𝐶1𝑥 1+4 𝐶1𝑥
𝑣 =− 1 + 𝑧
, 𝑣 =− 1 − 𝑧

𝑥 1+4 𝐶1𝑥 𝑥 1+4 𝐶1𝑥

𝑦
=− 1 + 𝑧
; 𝑦
=− 1 − 𝑧
1+4(1𝑥) 𝐶−1− 1+4(1𝑥)
𝑦=𝐶−1+ 𝑧
𝑥 ; 𝑦= 𝑧
𝑥 𝑅//

𝑑𝑦
7. (3𝑥 − 𝑦 − 9) 𝑑𝑥
=10 − 2𝑥 + 2

𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑐𝑖ó𝑛:
(3𝑥 − 𝑦 − 10 = 0)𝑥. (2) 𝑥 = 𝑢 + 2 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑑𝑢
一一一一一一一 y=𝑣 + 3 𝑑𝑦 = 𝑑𝑣
6𝑥 − 2𝑦 − 18 = 0
2𝑥 − 2𝑦 − 10 = 0 (3𝑥 − 𝑦 − 9)𝑑𝑦 = (10 − 2𝑥 + 2𝑦)𝑑𝑥
一一一一一一一
(3(𝑢 + 2) − (𝑣 − 3) − 9)𝑑𝑣 = (10 − 2(𝑢 + 2) + 2(𝑣 − 3))𝑑𝑢
4𝑥 − 8 = 0
(3𝑢 + 6 − 𝑣 + 3 − 9)𝑑𝑣 = (10 − 2𝑢 − 4 + 2𝑣 − 6)𝑑𝑢
4𝑥 = 8 (3𝑢 − 𝑣)𝑑𝑣 = (2𝑣 − 2𝑢)𝑑𝑢
𝑑𝑣 2𝑣−𝑧𝑢 𝑣 𝑑𝑣 𝑑𝑤
𝑥=8 𝑑𝑢
= 3𝑢−𝑣
, 𝑢
= 𝑤→ 𝑑𝑢
=𝑤+4 𝑑𝑢
𝑣
𝑑𝑣 2 𝑢 −2 𝑑𝑤 2𝑤−2
𝑥=2 𝑑𝑢
= 𝑣 𝑤+𝑢 𝑑𝑢
= 3−𝑤
3− 𝑢
2 2
𝑑𝑤 2𝑤−2 2𝑤−2−3𝑤+𝑤 𝑤 −𝑤−2
𝑦 =− 3 𝑑𝑢
𝑢 = 2−𝑤
−𝑤= 3−𝑤
= 3−𝑤
(3−𝑤)𝑑𝑤 𝑑𝑢
∫ 2 = ∫ 𝑢
𝑤 −𝑤−2
 1 4
3
𝑙𝑛 (𝑤 − 2) − 3
𝑙𝑛(𝑤 + 1) = 𝑙𝑛(𝑢) + 𝑙𝑛 𝑐
1
4 3
𝑙𝑛(𝑤 − 2) − 𝑙𝑛((𝑤 + 1) ) = 𝑙𝑛(𝑐 𝑢 )
𝑤−2 3
𝑙𝑛( 4 ) = 𝑙𝑛(𝑐 𝑢 )
(𝑤+1)
3 3 4
𝑤−2
( 4 = 𝑐𝑢 → 𝑤 − 2 = 𝑐𝑢 (𝑤 − 1)
(𝑤+1)
3 4
𝑣 𝑣
𝑢
− 2 = 𝑐𝑢 ( 𝑢 + 1)
𝑦+3 3 𝑦+3 4
𝑥−2
− 2 = 𝑐(𝑥 − 2) (( 𝑥−2 )+1)
4 𝑦+3 4
𝑦 + 3 − 2𝑥 + 4 = 𝑐(𝑥 − 2) (( 𝑥−2 ) + 1)
4
𝑦 − 2𝑥 + 7 = 𝑐(𝑦 + 3 + 𝑥 − 2)
4
𝑦 − 2𝑥 + 𝑧 = 𝑐(𝑦 + 3 + 𝑥 − 2) //

8.(2𝑥 + 3𝑦 + 4)𝑑𝑥 = (4𝑥 + 6𝑦 + 1)𝑑𝑦

𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑐𝑖ó𝑛:
2𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 𝑢
1 3
𝑑𝑥 = 2
du− 2
dy

1
(𝑢 + 4) 2 (𝑑𝑢 − 3𝑑𝑦) = (2𝑢 + 1)𝑑𝑦
𝑢𝑑𝑢 + 4𝑑𝑢 − 3𝑢𝑑𝑦 − 12𝑑𝑦 = (4𝑢 + 2)𝑑𝑦

(𝑢 + 4)𝑑𝑢 = (7𝑢 + 14)𝑑𝑦

𝑢+4
∫ 7𝑢+14
𝑑𝑢 = ∫ 𝑑𝑦
1
7
(2𝑙𝑛(𝑢 + 2) + 𝑢) = 𝑦 + 𝑐

2𝑙𝑛(𝑢 + 2) + 𝑢 = 7𝑦 + 7𝑦 + 𝑐2
2𝑙𝑛(2𝑥 + 3𝑦 + 2) = 4𝑦 − 2𝑥 + 𝑐2//
 2 𝑦
𝑑𝑦 𝑦+𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥 Π
9.
𝑑𝑥
= 𝑥
𝑐𝑜𝑛 𝑦(1) = 4

𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑐𝑖ó𝑛:
2 λ𝑦
λ𝑦 λ𝑦+λ𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠 λ𝑥
λ𝑥
= λ𝑥

𝑦 = 𝑢𝑥
𝑑𝑦 𝑥𝑑𝑢
𝑑𝑥
= 𝑢+ 𝑑𝑥

𝑑𝑦
𝑑𝑥
=
𝑦
𝑥
+ 𝑐𝑜𝑠
2
( )
𝑦
𝑥
𝑑𝑢 2
𝑢+𝑥 𝑑𝑥
= 𝑢 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 (𝑢)
𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑥
∫ 2 =∫ 𝑥
𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑢
𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝑢 = 𝑙𝑛 + 𝑐
𝑢 = 𝑎𝑟𝑐𝑡𝑎𝑛(𝑙𝑛𝑥 + 𝑐)
𝑦
𝑥
= 𝑎𝑟𝑐𝑡𝑎𝑛(𝑙𝑛𝑥 + 𝑐)
𝑦 = 𝑥. 𝑎𝑟𝑐𝑡𝑎𝑛(𝑙𝑛𝑥 + 𝑐)
10. ⎡⎢𝑦 𝑐𝑜𝑠 ⎤𝑑𝑥 + ⎡2 𝑦 𝑠𝑒𝑛 ⎤𝑑𝑦 = 0
𝑥 2 𝑥 𝑥 𝑥 𝑥 2 𝑥
𝑦
+ 𝑦 𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝑦 ⎥ ⎢ 𝑦
+ 2 𝑦 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝑦
− 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑦
− 𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝑦 ⎥
⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦

𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑐𝑖ó𝑛:
⎡λ 𝑦 𝑐𝑜𝑠
⎣ ( ) + λ 𝑦 𝑠𝑒𝑐'( )⎤⎦ 𝑑𝑥 + ⎡⎣2λ 𝑠𝑒𝑛( ) + 2λ 𝑦 𝑡𝑎𝑛( ) − λ 𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠( ) − λ 𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑐 ( )⎤⎦𝑑𝑦 = 0
λ𝑥
λ𝑦
λ𝑥
λ𝑦
𝑦 λ𝑥
λ𝑦
λ𝑥
λ𝑦
λ𝑥
λ𝑦
2 λ𝑥
λ𝑦

𝑠𝑒𝑎: 𝑥 = 𝑢𝑦 ⇒ 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑢𝑑 + 𝑦 𝑑𝑢
( ) 2
( )
⎡𝑦 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑢𝑦 + 𝑦 𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝑢𝑦 ⎤ 𝑢 𝑑𝑦 + 𝑦 𝑑𝑢 + 2𝑦 𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝑢𝑦 + ⎡2𝑦 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝑢𝑦 − 𝑢𝑦 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑢𝑦 + 𝑢𝑦 𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝑢𝑦 ⎤ 𝑑𝑦 = 0
⎣ 𝑦 𝑦 ⎦ 𝑦 ⎣ 𝑦 𝑦 𝑦 ⎦ ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2

−1 2 2
[ ] [
𝑦 𝑐𝑜𝑠 (𝑢) + 𝑦 𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝑢 𝑑𝑦 + 𝑦 𝑐𝑜𝑠 (𝑢) + 𝑦 𝑠𝑒𝑐 (𝑢) 𝑦 𝑑𝑢 + 2𝑦 𝑡𝑎𝑛 (𝑢) − 4𝑦 𝑐𝑜𝑠 (𝑢) − 𝑢𝑦 𝑠𝑒𝑐 (𝑢) 𝑑𝑦 = 0] [ ]
2 2 2 2
[𝑢𝑦 𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑢) + 𝑢𝑦 𝑠𝑒𝑐 (𝑢) + 2𝑦 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑢) + 2𝑦 𝑡𝑎𝑛(𝑢) − 𝑢𝑦 𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑢) − 𝑢𝑦 𝑠𝑒𝑐 (𝑢) 𝑑𝑦 + 𝑦 𝑐𝑜𝑠 (𝑢)+ 𝑠𝑒𝑐 (𝑢) ] [ ]
... 𝑑𝑢 = 0
2 2
2𝑦 [𝑠𝑒𝑛 (𝑢) + 𝑡𝑎𝑛 (𝑢)] 𝑑𝑦 + 𝑦 𝑐𝑜𝑠 (𝑢) + 𝑠𝑒𝑐 (𝑢) 𝑑𝑢 = [ ] 0
𝑦
1

2𝑦 [𝑠𝑒𝑛 (𝑢)+𝑡𝑎𝑛 (𝑢) 𝑑𝑦] [𝑐𝑜𝑠 (𝑢)+𝑠𝑒𝑐 (𝑢)]

2 · 𝑠𝑒𝑛 (𝑢)+𝑡𝑎𝑛 (𝑢)
𝑑𝑦 + 𝑠𝑒𝑛 (𝑢)+𝑡𝑎𝑛 (𝑢)
𝑑𝑢 = 0
𝑦
2
2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 (𝑢)+𝑠𝑒𝑐 (𝑢)
∫ 𝑦
𝑑𝑦 + ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑛 (𝑢)+𝑡𝑎𝑛 (𝑢)
𝑑𝑢 = ∫ 0 𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝑚 = 𝑠𝑒𝑛 (𝑢) + 𝑡𝑎𝑛 (𝑢)

2
2∫
𝑑𝑦
𝑦
∫
𝑑𝑚
𝑚
= ∫0 [
𝑑𝑚 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 (𝑢) + 𝑠𝑒𝑐 (𝑢) 𝑑𝑢 ]
2 𝑙𝑛 (𝑦) + 𝑙𝑛 |𝑚| = 𝐶
2
𝑙𝑛 |𝑦 | + 𝑙𝑛 | 𝑠𝑒𝑛 (𝑢) + 𝑡𝑎𝑛 (𝑢) = 𝐶
2
|
𝑙𝑛 𝑦 · [𝑠𝑒𝑛 (𝑢) + 𝑡𝑎𝑛 (𝑢)] = 𝑙𝑛 𝐶 |
2
𝑦 [𝑠𝑒𝑛 (𝑢) + 𝑡𝑎𝑛 (𝑢)] = 𝐶
2
𝑦 ⎡𝑠𝑒𝑛
⎣ ( ) + 𝑡𝑎𝑛 ( )⎤⎦ = 𝐶
𝑥
𝑦
𝑥
𝑦
𝑅//