What is an Election? ምርጫ ምንድን ነው?

The election is the process by which people

ምርጫ ማለት ሰዎች የሚወክሏቸውን ባለስልጣናትን
choose officials to represent them. It is the
principal means by which citizens in a የሚመርጡበት ሂደት ነው። ምርጫ በዲሞክራሲ
democracy exercise their political power.
People vote for candidates who they believe ባለበት ሀገር ውስጥ ያሉ ዜጎች የፖለቲካ
will act in the best interests of the public.
Election campaigns are fought between ሥልጣናቸውን የሚጠቀሙበት ዋናው መንገድ ነው።
competing parties, each of which puts
forward its own policies and candidates. In ሰዎች የህዝብን ጥቅም ያስከብራሉ ብለው
order to win an election, a party must gain
more votes than any other party. The party የሚያምኗቸዉን እጩዎቹን ይሚመርጡበት ሂደት
that wins the most seats in an election forms
the government, and its leader becomes the ምርጫ ይባላል። አንድ ፓርቲ በምርጫ ለማሸነፍ
prime minister or president. Elections are
held regularly in most democracies, ከማንኛውም ፓርቲ የበለጠ ድምጽ ማግኘት
typically every four or five years. They
provide a way for citizens to hold their አለበት። በምርጫ ብዙ ወንበር ያሸነፈው ፓርቲ
representatives to account and make sure
that they are still doing their job properly. መንግስትን ይመሰርታል፣ መሪውም ጠቅላይ
Elections are an essential part of any
democracy. ሚኒስትር ወይም ፕሬዝዳንት ይሆናል።

ህዝበ ዉሳኔ ምንድን ነው?

What is Referendum?
ህዝበ ውሳኔ አንድ ሙሉ መራጭ በአንድ የተወሰነ
A referendum is a direct vote in which an
entire electorate is invited to vote on a ሀሳብ ላይ ድምጽ እንዲሰጥ የሚጋበዝበት ቀጥተኛ
particular proposal. This may be a proposed
law or constitutional amendment, or a ድምጽ ነው። ይህ የታቀደ ህግ ወይም የሕገ
question posed to the voters directly. In
some cases, a referendum can be binding, መንግሥት ማሻሻያ ወይም ለመራጮች በቀጥታ
meaning that the results of the vote must be
respected by the government. In other cases, የሚቀርብ ጥያቄ ሊሆን ይችላል። በአንዳንድ
it may be advisory, meaning that the
government may choose to ignore the results ሁኔታዎች ህዝበ ውሳኔ አስገዳጅ ሊሆን
of the vote. Referendums are relatively rare
in democratic countries, as they represent a
direct challenge to the authority of elected
representatives. However, they do
occasionally take place, usually in response
to public pressure for action on a particular
issue. When a referendum is held, it is often
seen as a last resort after other attempts to
address the issue have failed.
 ይችላል። ይህም ማለት የምርጫው ውጤት

Difference between Election በመንግስት መከበር አለበት ማለት ነው. በሌሎች

and Referendum ሁኔታዎች, ምክር ሊሆን ይችላል, ይህም ማለት
Elections and referendums are two types of መንግስት የምርጫውን ውጤት ችላ ማለትን
voting mechanisms that are often used in
democratic countries. They both allow ሊመርጥ ይችላል. ህዝበ ውሳኔ በተመረጡት
citizens to have a say in how their
government is run, but there are some ተወካዮች ሥልጣን ላይ ቀጥተኛ ተግዳሮትን
important differences between the two.
Elections are typically used to choose ስለሚወክል በዴሞክራሲያዊ አገሮች በአንጻራዊ
representatives who will make decisions on
behalf of the electorate. Referendums, on the ሁኔታ ሲታይ አነስተኛ ነው። ነገር ግን፣ አልፎ
other hand, are typically used to gauge
public opinion on a particular issue or piece አልፎ የሚከናወኑት በአብዛኛው በአንድ ጉዳይ ላይ
of legislation. As such, referendums tend to
be more binding than elections, as they እርምጃ እንዲወስድ ህዝባዊ ግፊት ሲደረግ ነው።
directly affect the policy-making process. It
is important to note that both elections and ህዝበ ውሳኔ በሚደረግበት ጊዜ ጉዳዩን ለመፍታት
referendums can be used for different
purposes, and it is up to each individual የተደረጉ ሌሎች ሙከራዎች ካልተሳኩ በኋላ እንደ
country to decide which type of vote is best
suited to its needs. የመጨረሻ አማራጭ ይታያል።

Conclusion
The main difference between an election and
በምርጫ እና በህዝበ ውሳኔ
a referendum is that an election allows the መካከል ያለው ልዩነት
public to vote for representatives who will
make decisions on their behalf, while a በምርጫ እና በህዝበ ውሳኔ መካከል ያለው ልዩነት
referendum allows the public to vote directly
on proposed policy changes. In some cases, ምርጫ እና ህዝበ ውሳኔ በዲሞክራሲያዊ አገሮች
like Brexit, a referendum can be called when
there is significant public opposition to a ውስጥ በብዛት ጥቅም ላይ የሚውሉ ሁለት ዓይነት
proposed change. However, it’s important to
note that referendums are not always የምርጫ ዘዴዎች ናቸው። ሁለቱም ዜጎች
binding – in other words, the government
may choose not to implement the results if በመንግስታቸው እንዴት እንደሚተዳደር አስተያየት
they don’t agree with them.
እንዲሰጡ ይፈቅዳሉ ነገርግን በሁለቱ መካከል

አንዳንድ አስፈላጊ ልዩነቶች አሉ። ምርጫዎች

በተለምዶ መራጩን ወክለው ውሳኔ የሚወስኑ ካልተስማሙ ውጤቱን ላለመፈጸም ሊመርጥ

ተወካዮችን ለመምረጥ ያገለግላሉ። በሌላ በኩል ይችላል.

ህዝበ ውሳኔዎች በአንድ የተወሰነ ጉዳይ ወይም ህግ

ላይ የህዝብ አስተያየትን ለመለካት በተለምዶ

ያገለግላሉ። በመሆኑም፣ ህዝበ ውሳኔዎች በፖሊሲ

አወጣጥ ሂደት ላይ በቀጥታ ስለሚነኩ ከምርጫዎች

የበለጠ አስገዳጅ ይሆናሉ። ሁለቱም ምርጫዎች እና

ህዝበ ውሳኔዎች ለተለያዩ ዓላማዎች ጥቅም ላይ

ሊውሉ እንደሚችሉ ልብ ሊባል የሚገባው ጉዳይ

ሲሆን የትኛውን ድምጽ ለፍላጎቱ እንደሚስማማ

የሚወስነው የእያንዳንዱ ሀገር ነው።

ማጠቃለያ

በምርጫ እና በህዝበ ውሳኔ መካከል ያለው ዋነኛው

ልዩነት ምርጫ ህዝቡ ወክለው ውሳኔ የሚያደርጉ

ተወካዮችን እንዲመርጥ ማድረጉ ሲሆን ህዝበ ውሳኔ

ደግሞ ህዝቡ በቀረበው የፖሊሲ ለውጥ ላይ

በቀጥታ ድምጽ እንዲሰጥ ያስችላል። በአንዳንድ

ሁኔታዎች፣ እንደ ብሬክሲት፣ በታቀደው ለውጥ ላይ

ከፍተኛ የህዝብ ተቃውሞ ሲኖር ህዝበ ውሳኔ

ሊጠራ ይችላል። ይሁን እንጂ ህዝበ ውሳኔዎች

ሁልጊዜ አስገዳጅ እንዳልሆኑ ልብ ሊባል የሚገባው

ጉዳይ ነው - በሌላ አነጋገር መንግስት ከእነሱ ጋር