PRESENTATION FOR MINI PROJECT

ON
MEASURING CONCENTRATION OF A COLOURFUL LIQUIED USING
LDR CIRCUIT.

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF : PRESENTED BY:

MR. ANGARAJ DAS MONDISH PEGU (202010026018)
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR SATRAJIT PEGU (202010026026)
BVEC, KARIMGANJ MAHEK SADIAL (202010026016)
SIDDHARTH SHANKAR DEB (202010026028)
ASRARUL HAQUE BARBHUIYA (202010026004)
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND TELECOMMUNICATION ENGG.
BARAK VALLEY ENGINEERING COLLEGE,NIRALA,KARIMGANJ
CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION
2. OBJECTIVE
3. COMPONENTS REQUIRED
4. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
5. WORKING PRINCIPLE
6. CALIBRATION PROCESS
7. DATA ACQUISITION
8. ADVANTAGES
9. APPLICATION
10. RESULT
11. CONCLUSION
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INTRODUCTION
● Welcome to the presentation on measuring the concentration of a colorful liquid
using the LDR (Light Dependent Resistor) circuit.
● In this mini project, we will explore how the LDR circuit can be utilized to
determine the concentration of a liquid based on its color intensity.

A typical LDR Circuit symbol of LDR

Properties
● They are made up of semiconductor materials having high resistance. Photocells
or LDRs are non linear devices.
● There sensitivity varies with the wavelength of light incident on them. Some
photocells might not at all response to a certain range of wavelengths.
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OBJECTIVE:
● To develop a simple and cost-effective method to measure the
concentration of a colorful liquid.
● To utilize the LDR circuit to capture the variation in light intensity caused by
different concentrations of the liquid.
● To analyzing the changes in resistance values of the LDR, we can determine
the concentration level.
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Components Required
● LDR (Light Dependent Resistor)
● LED (Light Emitting Diode)
● Resistors
● Colorful liquid samples
● Breadboard and jumper wires
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Circuit Diagram

Fig: LDR circuit Fig: COLOURFUL LIQUID

● Light dependent resistor is a device whose resistance is dependent on the

strength of the light as they are composed of high resistance semiconductor
material. When light hits the device, the photons give electrons energy.
● Higher the power of light, lower the strength of resistance. This particular action
makes the electron jump into the conductive band and thus conduct electricity.
● Taking cue from this concept, in this tutorial, has dealt in a circuit for LDR or Light
Dependent Resistor to make a light detector.
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Working Principle
● The LDR is a type of resistor whose resistance changes based on the intensity
of light falling on it.
● When the colorful liquid sample is placed in front of the LDR, it blocks or
absorbs certain wavelengths of light.
● As a result, the intensity of light falling on the LDR changes, affecting its
resistance value.
● The microcontroller reads the resistance value and correlates it with the
concentration of the liquid using a calibration curve.
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Calibration Process
● To establish a correlation between resistance values and concentration
levels, a calibration process is necessary.
● Prepare liquid samples with varying concentrations.
● Measure the resistance values of the LDR for each sample using the circuit
setup.
● Record the corresponding concentration levels.
● Plot a calibration curve showing the relationship between resistance and
concentration.
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Data Acquisition
● Once the calibration is complete, the circuit is ready for measuring unknown
liquid samples.
● Place the liquid sample in front of the LDR.
● The microcontroller reads the resistance value and converts it to the
corresponding concentration level using the calibration curve.
● The result can be displayed or stored for further analysis.
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Advantages
● Simple and low-cost setup
● Rapid and accurate measurement of liquid concentration
● Easy to calibrate for different liquids
● Portable and can be integrated into larger systems
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Applications
● Quality control in industries (e.g., food, beverages, pharmaceuticals)
● Environmental monitoring (e.g., water pollution, chemical spills)
● Agriculture (e.g., measuring nutrient levels in soil)
● Educational experiments in chemistry and physics
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RESULT:
When we have completely build the circuit then observed :

● When the concentration of the liquid increases, the light intensity detected
by the LDR changes accordingly.
● Similarly, when the concentration of the liquid decreases, the light intensity
detected by the LDR also changes in response.
● Therefore, it can be concluded that the LDR circuit is a fully light-dependent
circuit, as its operation and output are directly influenced by changes in light
intensity caused by the concentration of the liquid being analyzed.
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CONCLUSION
● The Light Dependent Resistor (LDR) serves as a control element, regulating
the flow of current based on the intensity of light it receives.
● The LDR was utilized to measure the intensity of light passing through a
colored solution.
● By analyzing the light intensity, it became possible to determine the
unknown concentration of the solution.
● When the light falling on the LDR from the colored solution increased, the
current in the electronic circuit also increased.
● The suggested method of using the LDR for concentration determination was
compared to results obtained from a spectrophotometer.
● The comparison demonstrated excellent agreement between the two
methods.
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REFERENCE
1. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/354539647_Modeling_of_A_LDR
_Based_Liquid_Level_Detecting_Device_Using_Power_Function
2. https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1742-6596/1528/1/012066/pdf
3. https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/4c15/21e0efbfe14359b158c6b81f7dab977
cabf8.pdf
4. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s41981-021-00214-w
Thank You