Student’s Particular

Class: XI Science “C”

Name: Shubhi Pandey
Roll No: 42
School’s Name: Zoom International
School
School Code: 15754
Subject: Biology (044)
Session: 2022-2023
AIM: To identify and comments upon
different type of inflorescence.
REQUIREMENTS :
Fresh specimens of different types of
inflorescence,
Practical record book ,
Pencil,
Eraser etc.
PROCEDURE :
 Observe the specimen carefully
and note down the arrangement of
flowers on the peduncle and any
other feature of special interest.
 Draw the specimen on the
practical note book.
 Write down the features of the
inflorescence
IDENTIFICATION AND COMMENTS
Racemose inflorescence
 TYPICAL RACEME OF LARKSPUR
(Delphinium)/MUSTARD (Brassica)

COMMENTS
 i. The penduncle is unbranched and
elongated.
ii. The flowers are stalked or pedicillate
arising in an acropetal manner i.e., older
flowers at the base and younger
towards the tip
iii. Each flower is borne on a short stalk.

 CORYMB OF CANDYTUFT (Iberis

amara)
COMMENTS
i. The penduncle id unbranched and bears
pedicillate flowers in an acropetal
manner.
ii. The pedicels of the lower flowers are
longer, thus all flowers come to lie at
the same level.
iii. Corymb is lower flowers have long
pedicels than upper ones so that all the
flowers are brought more or less to the
same level.
 SPIKE OF ACHYRANTHUS/BOTTLE
BRUSH (Callistemon)

COMMENTS
i. The peduncle is elongated.
ii. The flowers are sessile and arise in
acropetal fashion.
iii. A spike with reflexed flowers
arranged on long penduncle.

 CATKIN OF MULBERRY (Morus)

COMMENTS
 i. The inflorescence is compact with a
short penduncle and often hanging.
ii. The flowers are unisexual and sessile
asrising in an acropetal manner.
iii. On maturity the spike falls down as a
single unit.
iv. They have the characteristic feature of
attachment of all the flowers.

 SPADIX OF BANANA / COLOCASIA

(Kachalu)
COMMENTS
i. It is a special type of spike which
possesses a fleshy peduncle.
ii. The peduncle bears sessile unisexual
flowers (in colocasia) or bisexual flowers
(in Banana).
 iii. The entire inflroscence is covered by one
or more green or coloured bract called
spathe .
iv. The spadix is enclosed by leaf-like large,
bright, colourful and curved
bracts .female flowers are present at the
base, male and seterile flowers are
present at the top.

 UMBEL OF CARROT / CORIANDER /

CENTELLA (Brahmi)

COMMENTS
i. The peduncle is reduced.
ii. The peduncle bears a cluster of flowers with
stalks of equal length which arise from a
single point.
iii. The flowers arise in centripetal manner.
iv. An involure or a whorl of bracts is often
present at athe base of flowers. Umbel is
generally branched, such an umbel is called
as compound umbel.
v. These plants have top root system. The
roots are large enough to store the useful
food material.

 HEAD OR CAPITULUM OF SUNFLOWER

(Helianthus) / MARIGOLD

COMMENTS
i. The main axis is flattened into a more or less
convex structure called receptacle.
ii. The receptacle bears sessile flowers (called
florets) in a centeipetal manner.
iii. The inflorescence is surrounded by
prominent bracts.
 1. MONOCHASIAL (uniparous) CYME OF
BEGONIA / COTTON
COMMENTS
i. The main axis terminates in a flower.
ii. A single lateral branch pushes it to one
side but also itself ends in a flower.
iii. This pattern is repeated and the
peduncle is formed by the fusion of
axillary branches and the main axis.
Such an axis is called sympodial.
iv. Each lateral and subsequent branch also
produces one lateral branch with a
terminal flower.
2. DICHASIAL (BIPAROUS) CYME OF PINK
(Dianthus) / SILENE/JASMINE
COMMENTS
i. The main axis terminates in a flower.
 ii. The lateral branches develop on either side
of the terminal flower of the main axis
iii. The lateral branches also end in a flower
and may again branch similary.
iv. Species which is a mostly herbaceous
perennial plant and some of the species are
low subshrubs that have woody basal stem.
v. The arrangement of the leaves is opposite,
simple and mostly linear, and often has
strong colours .
3. POLYCHASIAL (Multiparous) CYME OF
CALOTROPIS (Ak)/ HAMELIA PATENS
COMMENTS
i. The main axis terminates in a flower.
ii. More than two lateral branchesb arise from
the base of terminal flower.
iii. It is a multiparous cyme.
iv. Multiple branches arise at the base of the
apical flower on the penduncle.
 4. CYMOSE HEAD OF ACACIA
(Kikar)/ANTHOCEPHALUS (Kadam)/ALBIZA
(Siris)
COMMENTS
i. The axis is reduced into a globular
receptacle.
ii. Sessile or sub-sessile flowers are borne
centrifugally around the receptacle.
iii. The oldest flowers develop in the centre
and youngest towards the periphery of the
disc.

SPECIAL INFLORESCENCE

1) HYPANTHODIUM OF FIG (Ficus

casica)/PIPAL (Ficus religiosa)/BANYAN
(Ficus bengalensis)
 COMMENTS
i. The main axis form a cup shaped receptable
with a small opening at the top.
ii. Small sessile flowers lies towards the pore
an female flowers towards the base.
iii. The male flowers lies towards the pore and
female flowers towards the base.
2) VERTICILLASTER OF OCIMUM
(Tulsi)/SALVIA
COMMENTS
i. Two clusters each havinf 3-5 flowers
develop on a node in the axils of
opposite leaves.
ii. Each cluster consists of a dichasial cyme
with monochasial branches in an
alternating manner.
iii. The flowers are sessible.
 iv. The opposite clusters often give rise the
appearance of a whorl or vertical due to
over – crowding.
3) CYATHIUM OF POINSETTIA/EUPHORBIA
COMMENTS
i. In this inflorescence the invlocre forms a
cup.
ii. Single female flower (without perianth)
arise in the centre which is surrounded
by a large number of male flowers
represented by a stalked stamens.
CONCLUSION
 BIBLIOGRAPHY

o NCERT LAB MANUAL

o www.biologyduscussion.com
o www.ncbi.nlm.gov
o www.google.com
 TEACHER CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that this “Biology
Investigatory Project” on the topic “to
identify and comments upon different types
of inflorescence” has been successfully
completed by Shubhi Pandey of class XI C,
under the guidance Ms kankana Singha Roy
as per the norms and guidance of CBSE in
the academin session of 2022-23

External examiner internal examiner

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First of all, I am immensely indebted to almighty God for his
blessings and grace without which I could not have undertaken
this task and my efforts would never had been a success. I
would like to thank the management for the academic and
technical support.
I humbly consider a privilege and honour to express my
heartiest and profound gratitude to Mr. Raj Paulson Shekhar,
Principal, Zoom International School ,Durgapur for his
appropriate direction, valuable suggestions, under judging
assistance so generously extended to me.
Above all,I wish to express my deepest feelings of gratitude to
Ma’am Sampa Kundu ( HOD of Biology) and Ma’am Kankana
Singha Roy without whom this project would have never taken
place. I am deeply grateful for her help, valuable guidance and
support. Her in-depth knowledge and vast exprience proved to
be guiding light throughout the course of my project. I would
like to thank our Lab-Assistant Mr. Binod Mishra for his
cooperation.
I also owe a sence of gratitude to my parents for the
encouragement and support throughout the project.
SHUBHI PANDEY
 INDEX
SL.NO. CONTENT PAGE NO.
1. Aim 4
2. Procedure 5
3. Identification 6
and comments
4. Conclusion 16
5 Bibliography 17