SOUND

ABSORBENT
MATERIALS
PRESENTATION BY -
SAWALI & VAISHNAVI
WHAT IS SOUND AND ACOUSTICS?

SOUND: Sound is defined as vibrations that travel through the air or another
medium as an audible mechanical wave. It is produced from a vibrating body.
The vibrating body causes the medium (water, air, etc.) around it to vibrate thus
producing sound.

ACOUSTICS: Acoustics is a term referring to the qualities that determine a room's

ability to reflect sound waves in such a way as to produce distinct hearing. It also
refers to the science of sound with respect to its production, effects, control,
transmission, and reception.
WHAT IS SOUND INSULATION AND SOUND ABSOPTION?

SOUND INSULATION: The use of structures and materials designed to reduce the
transmission of sound from one room or area of a building to another, or from the
exterior to the interior of the building.

SOUND ABSORPTION: Sound absorption, in contrast to sound insulation, does not

normally reduce the transmission of sound through a building component.
Neither does it influence the sound, which reaches the ear directly from the
source; it only reduces the reflected sound (echo).
SOUND ABSORBING MATERIALS
The special materials used to increase the absorption of sound waves or to reduce the
reflection of sound waves in a room or hall are known as sound absorbing materials.

POROUS CAVITY RESONANT COMPOSITE

ABSORBENT RESONATORS PANELS ABSORBENTS
POROUS ABSORBENTS
• When sound waves strike the porous material, a part of
the waves is reflected while the other enters the porous
material.

• The part that enters the porous material is converted into

heat energy while the reflected part is reduced in
energy.

• Thickness plays an important role in sound absorption by

porous materials. Fabric applied directly to a hard,
massive substrate such as plaster or gypsum board does
not make an efficient sound absorber due to the very
thin layer of fiber. Thicker materials generally provide
more bass sound absorption or damping.

• The examples are: fiber boards, soft plasters, rock wool,

wood wool, mineral wool, glass silk, asbestos fiber spray,
etc.
INSTALLATION OF POROUS ABSORBENTS
There are many ways to mount the absorbent materials on different surfaces (walls, ceilings, floors);
they can also be installed as suspended panels.

They can be mounted using basic construction methods such as directly screwing or gluing them into
the wall. Heavy duty velcro can also be used for lightweight absorbent installations, and is another
great way of ensuring the absorbent can be removable.

It should be taken into account that for a fibrous absorbent material to work well, its pores must not
be clogged. When they are mounted in a polluted atmosphere place, their performance will decline
if the pores become saturated with particles.

Sometimes to protect them, they are covered with fabric or even with a grid or perforated plate,
although strictly some acoustically active surface is lost.

They should not be covered with rigid materials that hide them completely, since it is necessary that
the porous/fibrous surface be kept available to absorb the sound.
CAVITY RESONATORS
• A cavity resonator is a chamber or container having a
small opening. When sound waves enter the resonator,
the waves are absorbed due to multiple reflections.

• Sound causes the air in the neck to vibrate, and the air
mass behind causes the entire construction to resonate
at a particular frequency. The result is almost total
absorption at that frequency.

• Concrete blocks can be used as cavity resonators by

tuning their openings and adding absorptive materials.
The use of a fibrous filler in the block increases high-
frequency absorption.
INSTALLATION OF CAVITY RESONATORS
Cavity Resonators can be installed as an individual unit or slit
resonator panels or perforated panel resonators.

Perforated panels, spaced away from a solid backing, provide

a widely used practical application of the cavity resonator
principle.

They contain a large number of necks, constituting the

perforation of the panel, thus functioning as an array of cavity
resonators.

The perforations are usually circular, seldom slotted.

The air space behind the perforation forms the undivided body
of the resonator, separated into bays by horizontal and vertical
elements of the framing system.
Membrane
Frame
Air cavity RESONANT PANELS
Concrete
• Typically, panel absorbers are non-porous materials
which are placed over a framing (usually timber) with an
air space between the framing and the wall. It acts as a
panel absorber.

• Unlike porous absorbers, resonant absorbers are most

effective at low-medium frequencies and the absorption
of resonant absorbers is matched to a narrow frequency
range.

• The common examples are: gypsum boards, wood and

hard-board panels, suspended plaster ceilings, rigid
plastic boards, windows, doors, etc.
INSTALLATION OF RESONANT PANELS
The resonant panel is fixed on the
sound framing with an air gap left out
between this material and the wall
backing.

Resonant panels can be suspended

from the ceiling using adjustable wire
hangers, directly fixed with construction
adhesive or added to existing ceiling
grids.

It can also be mounted by screwing or

fixed by intertwining aluminium
brackets to the wall surface and the
back of the panel.
COMPOSITE ABSORBENTS
• When the functions of all the three types previously
described is combined in a single unit, then it is known as
composite absorber.

• The composite absorbers consist of a perforated panel

fixed over an air space containing porous absorbent.

• When sound waves strike the panel, they pass through it

and damped by resonance of the air in the cavity.
INSTALLATION OF COMPOSITE ABSORBENTS
AVERAGE COST

▪Porous Absorbents cost between Rs. 40-180 per square feet. They lighter and cheaper than any other
insulating material.

▪Resonant Panels cost between Rs. 110- 270 per square feet. These panels are manufactured in variety
of shapes, sizes and colours.

▪Cavity Resonators (Perforated Panels) can cost between Rs 70-250 per square feet. These panels
commonly found in wooden material.
 • https://www.citysoundproofing.com/library-10.php

• https://www.rcet.org.in/uploads/academics/rohini_73177
421016.pdf

https://slidetodoc.com/sound-absorption-eng-ivaylo-
BIBLIOGRAPHY •
hristev-contents-1-normal/

• https://www.slideshare.net/RohitBhatt15/sound-
absorption-and-sound-absorbers

• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soundproofing
THANK YOU!