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  • Diabetesa 1223313005812508 8 120618034048 Phpapp02

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    Keshab Raj Neupane
    12 views15 pages
    This document summarizes diabetes, which is an endocrine disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to issues with insulin production or action. There are two main types of diabetes: type 1 involves destruction of beta cells resulting in little to no insulin production, while type 2 involves decreased sensitivity to insulin and less glucose uptake into cells. Symptoms include fatigue, weight changes, and visual changes. Risk factors include family history, age, and other medical conditions. Complications can be both acute, like diabetic ketoacidosis, and chronic, affecting organs like the eyes, nerves, and kidneys. Diabetes is managed through lifestyle changes like diet, exercise, and avoiding smoking, as well as medication like insulin or oral drugs.

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    This document summarizes diabetes, which is an endocrine disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to issues with insulin production or action. There are two main types of diabetes: type 1 involves destruction of beta cells resulting in little to no insulin production, while type 2 involves decreased sensitivity to insulin and less glucose uptake into cells. Symptoms include fatigue, weight changes, and visual changes. Risk factors include family history, age, and other medical conditions. Complications can be both acute, like diabetic ketoacidosis, and chronic, affecting organs like the eyes, nerves, and kidneys. Diabetes is managed through lifestyle changes like diet, exercise, and avoiding smoking, as well as medication like insulin or oral drugs.

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    12 views15 pages

    Diabetesa 1223313005812508 8 120618034048 Phpapp02

    Uploaded by

    Keshab Raj Neupane
    This document summarizes diabetes, which is an endocrine disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to issues with insulin production or action. There are two main types of diabetes: type 1 involves destruction of beta cells resulting in little to no insulin production, while type 2 involves decreased sensitivity to insulin and less glucose uptake into cells. Symptoms include fatigue, weight changes, and visual changes. Risk factors include family history, age, and other medical conditions. Complications can be both acute, like diabetic ketoacidosis, and chronic, affecting organs like the eyes, nerves, and kidneys. Diabetes is managed through lifestyle changes like diet, exercise, and avoiding smoking, as well as medication like insulin or oral drugs.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 15

    GROUP N AME

    Hope you enjoy t he show 


     An endocrine disorder; a group of metabolic
    diseases characterised by elevated levels of
    glucose in the blood resulting from defects in
    insulin secretion, insulin action, insulin
    receptors or any combination of conditions.

    OR EASILY PUT….

     Cells are swimming in glucose (their food) but


    starving to death because of insulin issues.
     Type I: Destruction of beta cells->
    decreased insulin production->uncontrolled
    glucose production-> HYPERGLYCEMIA

     Type II: Decreased sensitivity of insulin


    receptor to insulin-> less uptake of glucose->
    HYPERGLYCEMIA
    REMEMBER the concept
    ~Sugar Into The Cells~
    Type 1 – IDDM

     LITTLE to NO Insulin Type 2– NIDDM


     20-30% Hereditary  some insulin produced

     Ketoacidosis  90% hereditary

     Other types include Secondary Diabetes:

    › Genetic defect beta cell or insulin


    › Disease of pancreas  Gestational
    › Drug/chemical induced
    › Infections-pancreatitits › overweight; risk for
    Type 2
     Classic 3 P’s
     Family Hx diabetes
     Fatigue
     Race/Ethnicity
     Body Weakness
     Age
     Weight Changes
     Hypertension
     Visual Changes
     Hyperlipidemia
     Slow Wound Healing/
     Hx of Gestational Diabetes
    Recurrent Skin infections
    Mellitus
     Laboratory Tests-> FBS/fasting
     Other signs and symptoms of
    blood sugar >7.0 mmol/L
    diabetes complications
    Chronic
    MACROVASCULAR Acute
     Cardiovascular disease
     Cerebrovascular disease

     Diabetic ketoacidosis
    MICROVASCULAR
     Retinopathy (vision)  Hyperglycemic-
    problems hyperosmolar-nonketotic
     Diabetic neuropathy syndrome
     Diabetic nephropathy
     Hypoglycemia from too
     Male erectile dysfunction much insulin or too little
    glucose
    Diabetes can be managed or controlled by:

     Educating patient about diabetes


     Exercising regularly
     Eating a healthy well balanced diet
     Avoiding smoking (people with diabetes who smoke
    are at a higher risk of developing
    cardiovascular complications).
     Avoid alcohol
     Pharmacologic Therapy

    Type One: Insulin Injections given


    subcutaneously
    Type Two: Oral Medication, such as Metformin
    Hot + Dry = Sugar High

    Cold n Clammy= Need


    Some Candy
    And For All You
    Visual Learners,
    Heres A Treat:
    http://www.youtube.com/wat
    ch?
    v=NnIWDxuZKUo&feature=r
    elated

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