GREAT ZIMBABWE UNIVERSITY

FACULTY OF COMMERCE
NAME : PATIENCE RUVIMBO

SURNAME : GWESU

REG NO : M225128

CONTACT NUMBER : 0771722539

DEPARTMENT : ACCOUNTING & INFORMATION SYSTEMS

PROGRAMME : ACCOUNTING

COURSE NARRATION: FUNDAMENTALS OF ENTERPRENEURSHIP

COURSE CODE : HBM121

LECTURER’s NAME : MUDYAHOTO

LEVEL : 1.2

LECTURER’s COMMENT: ………………….....................................................

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MARK
Question 1

Do a swot analysis for a entrepreneurship venture you would want to start.100marks

SWOT stands for Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats. A SWOT analysis is a

framework to help assess and understand the internal and external forces that may create
opportunities or risks for an organization. Strengths and weaknesses are internal factors. They
are characteristics of a business that give it a relative advantage or disadvantage, respectively
over its competition.

Opportunities and threats, on the other hand, are external factors. Opportunities are elements of
the external environment that management can seize upon to improve business performance like
revenue growth or improved margins. Threats are elements of the external environment that may
endanger a firm’s competitive advantage, or even its ability to operate as a going concern.

SWOT ANALYSIS FOR A CLOTHING BOUTIQUE BUSINESS

Beauty and fashion is a multibillion dollars industry focusing on the product and sale of clothes
and other accessories. Some of the high fashion brands in the beauty industry manufacture
clothes from ordinary to luxury mass scale fashion. 

The simplest way to define fashion business is the style of wearing clothes and other accessories
by various segments of the people. On the surface, you would see a vast difference between the
ordinary street fashion that is available in the shops and mall, and the runways fashion of New
York, London, and Paris. 

The fashion business offers a wide range of products and services to the fashion lover customers
market. Like apparel of men, women, and children, footwear (boots, sandals, shoes), luggage,
bags, purse, watches & jewelry, accessories, formal wear, traditional clothes, sportswear, textile,
costumes, cosmetics, vintage, and secondhand products. 

If you air at it closely, then you’ll see that fashion covers almost every aspect of our daily life. It
offers products/services/accessories for every occasion to use and sends the message whatever
you want to convey.  The lifestyle and living standards of ordinary people have been increasing
for the past few years. It’s a great sign for the fashion business. It’s because when people have
extra money, then they would go out shopping and buy luxury fashionable products. It presents a
great opportunity for fashion business to promote their products and services. 
  Strengths
· High quality fabrics and
prints
· Use of latest digital print
technology
· Fashionable and wearable
Exclusive and unique print
designs
· Fresh and fun print designs
· Boutique brand –
aspirational, specialised
designs
· Capsule collections
· Specialised product range
· Strong use of colour
· Refreshing and fashion
forward prints
· Available from a variety of
stockists
· Promotional website
 Weaknesses
· Small product range
· Small, boutique brand –
only available through
certain stockists
· Only caters for sizes 8 – 16
· Not much advertising
coverage
· Very distinct, statement
prints
· Not commercial enough for
mass appeal
· Slightly higher price points
than large high street brands
– too expensive
· Quite a niche market – style,
colours, age range

 Opportunities
· Raise brand profile/
customer awareness through
advertising and connections
to stockists
· Increase product range
· Explore and expand print
designs
· Open standalone stores
· Increase stockists
· Use innovative printing
methods
· Incorporate sustainable
elements into designs
 Threats
· Competition from other
boutique brands
· Market saturation
· Economic recession
· Higher price points than
other high street brands
· Not able to compete with
cheaper, lower quality
imitations on high street
· Not able to gain a big
enough brand profile
through select stockists

The SWOT analysis of the clothing business has revealed both the good and bad. It has strong
brand loyalty due to unique designs. Financial backing is stable, too. Also, its customers
are diverse. The business runs proactive marketing campaigns to keep customers engaged.
But there’s intense competition from online and brick-and-mortar stores. Keeping up with
fashion trends is also a challenge. Production costs can be high, because quality fabrics are
essential for customer satisfaction. This SWOT analysis gives useful insight into the clothing
business’ strengths and weaknesses. If it keeps its core values and pays close attention to trends
and customer needs, it stands a good chance of succeeding in a competitive market.
1b) Giving practical examples explain 5 different ways one can register an
organisation in Zimbabwe (100)

Organisations serves various purposes they are being formed for commercial purposes and
others are not for profit making(Not for profit making).In Zimbabwe an enterprise or an
organisation needs to be registered under one of the following business forms:

 Limited Companies

 Private Business Corporation

 Foreign Companies

 Cooperative

 Company limited by guarantee

This essay is going to focus on the registration process of not for profit making organization.
There are several options available to register a NGO in Zimbabwe. A non-governmental
organization is a non-profit and voluntary organization. A NGO usually does charitable activities
by bringing concerns to governments, pushing for and monitoring policies. As a result, this
encourages political participation through the distribution of factual information to all citizens.
Below are stages on how to register a Non-governmental Organization in Zimbabwe:

Register with National Social Security Authority (NSSA)

NSSA registration allows the organisation to register its workers for social security including
pensions and workers compensation insurance. All employers are required by the law to register
with National Social Security Authority. Whether the organisation is in the formal or informal
sector, it is liable to register with NSSA. NSSA operates two schemes to which emloyers
contribute. The first is the Workers Compensation & Insurance Fund (WCIF) which is funded
entirely by employers for the purpose of providing benefits to employees and their beneficiaries
in the event of a workplace injury or death.
The second one is the National Pension Scheme which is funded equally by both employers and
employees. The fund provides benefits to employees and or their beneficiaries in the event of
retirement, invalidity or death.

Requirements for NSSA registration

Certificate of incorporation

Cr6 (CR14)

Cr5 (cr6)

Contact details of the company phone number, physical address and emails

Any two directors certified copies of IDs and personal contact details

Company business

Bank details

Employee details – full name, identification number, Date of birth, address, phone numbers and
salary

B) Register with the Zimbabwe Revenue Authority (ZIMRA)

Register with ZIMRA for purposes of paying (PAYE) employee tax on behalf of employees.
After registering your organisation in Zimbabwe, it is also required to register with the
Zimbabwe Revenue Authority (ZIMRA) within 30 days of starting to trade.

Requirements for ZIMRA registration

Certificate of incorporation

CR 6: contains details of directors

CR 5: contains registered address of company

Stamped current Bank Statement;

Memorandum of Association (first 3 pages plus the last page)

Articles of Association (first 3 pages plus the last page)

Identity documents for at least two Directors

Proof of residence in form of utility bills, support with affidavit if bill is not in your name

Organisation need to appoint a public officer. A public officer generally liaises with the
Revenue Authority on behalf of the company. He can be one of the company’s directors or an
employee. The organization is supposed to provide the public officers following information:

Letter of appointment as public officer, stating the name, ID Number, Residential address and a
statement to the effect that the public officer is a signatory to the company’s bank account;

Identity card

Stamped current bank statement;

Proof of residence in form of utility bills, support with affidavit if not in your name.

C)Register with National Employment Council (NEC)

NEC registration for improved work relations. There is an NEC for every industry, NGOs fall
under the NEC for Welfare & Educational Institutions

NEC or National Employment Council is a council created to represent the interests of

employers or employer organisations and employees or employee organisations.

The NEC is created by an act of parliament (Labour Act Chapter 28:01 Section 56). Its functions
are among others: preventing and settling of labour disputes between employees and employers.
It is also responsible for negotiating industry minimum wages, collective bargaining agreements
between employees and employers, etc.

It’s also worth noting that there are several NECs for different industries e.g. NEC for
Commercial Sector, NEC for Mining Sector, NEC for Catering Industry, etc.

Registration with the relevant NEC for your industry is mandatory together with the submission
of monthly returns and payment. Both employer and employee contribute 0.50% of the salary.
Requirements for NEC registration

The requirements differ depending on the specific NEC for your industry but generally are as
follows:

Company name.

Trading name.

The name/s of the proprietor and or partners or directors.

Physical address of business.

E-mail address.

Telephone number.

Contact person (name, position, contact).

Nature of business.

D)Local Ministry or Council

The Ministry of Labour and Social Welfare is responsible for registration of Non Profit
Organisations or Non Governmental organisations which are registerd as Private Voluntary
Organisations (PVOs) in Zimbabwe.

Requirements :

Local Organisations

Secretary for the Local organisation applying for registration as PVOs should lodge an
application with the Registrar through the District Social Service Office in the area where their
headquarters is located.

The organization which lodges an application for registration as PVOs must at its own expense
publish a notice of intention to be registered as such in a newspaper circulating in the area
concerned.
The District Social Services officer is responsible for the initial assessment of the organization
after perusing the application and interviewing the applicants.

Application is then forwarded to the Head Office through the Provincial Social Services Officer
with the following documents for consideration by the PVO Board:

Application form PVO 1, Form PVO 2 and proof of advertisement

Copies of the organization’s constitution

Curriculun Vitae of the members of the executive committee

Proof of notification to local authorities of intent to register

Police criminal clearance certificates

International organisations

International organizations applying for registration as PVOs should have signed a Memorandum
of Understanding (MOU) with the relevant government ministries in their area of technical
operations. The signed copy of the MOU is submitted to the Registrar together with the
following:

Curriculum Vitae and Interpol Clearence certificate for the country representative. (Interpol
clearance certificate is required where the country representative is of foreign origin, but local
police clearance suffices where the representative a citizen or permanent resident of Zimbabwe.

Proposed area of geographic coverage.

Period of financial year.

Ei) Register a NGO as a Trust

Trusts are regulated under the Deeds Registries Act, which allows the Registrar of Deeds to
register notarial deeds in donation or in trust. Trusts typically have unlimited objectives which
are often intended to benefit an identifiable constituency.
A trust can be established for private benefit or for a charitable purpose. The trust deed will show
whether a trust has been established for charitable purposes. A trust does not have separate legal
personality, though it may enter into contracts in its own name if the trust deed so allows.

This form of registration requires the services of a registered Notary Public unlike with
registering an NGO under the PVO Act. A Notary Public is required for the drafting and
preparing of the trust deed and other necessary documentation. In addition, the Notary Public
will register the deed with the Registrar of deeds in the Deeds office.

Requirements of registering a Trust

Trust name for example Batanai trust.

Trust objectives for example reducing gender based violence

Trust general address.

Beneficiaries of the trust.

Details of between 1 to 4 founders (full names, identification numbers and dates of births).

Details of at least 4 trustees (full names, identification numbers and dates of births).

Registration fee.

Trustees must maintain up-to-date records of information relating to the identities and addresses
of the parties to the trust, as well as information on every financial institution and every
designated non-financial business or profession which is a service provider to the trust.

Trustees must notify the Registrar of Deeds of any changes to the particulars of directors or
trustees, in writing within one month after the change has occurred.

ii) Register an NGO as a Private Voluntary Organization

NGOs in Zimbabwe are mainly registered under the Private Voluntary Organization Act (PVO
Act). Registration is done through the Department of Social Welfare under the Ministry of Public
Service Labour and Social Welfare. Primarily, a PVO is defined as “anybody or association of
persons, corporate or unincorporated, or any institution that seeks to promote the social welfare
of people.

Any organization that is seeking to carry out work as defined under section 2 of the PVO Act
must be registered. Applications to the Registrar of PVOs can be lodged through the District and
Provincial Labour and Social Services Offices. In terms of section 9 of the PVO Act, the
Secretary of the organization needing to be registered under the Act should submit the following:

Registration process

The PVO registration form for NGOs may be purchased at the Ministry of Labour and Social
Services Department in Harare or at the District/Provincial offices of the same ministry outside
of Harare.

The name of NGO

The objectives of the NGO

The first members of the Executive Council or Executive Board (there should be between two
and twenty persons as members).

CVs of key board members

Particulars of Directors and Secretary (which include their names; nationalities; usual residential
addresses; business occupation)

Name and address of Auditor. (If the organisation doesn't have an Auditor the Registrar will
provide it with one upon approval of your application)

Address and P. O. Box of registered office

An Interpol or local police clearance certificate for the country representative if it is a foreign
Non-governmental organization

Principal place of business

The organization’s constitution

Proof of public notice in national papers.

Such a notification is at the expense of the Applicant. The notice should state the proposed name
of the private voluntary organization and the purpose, aim and mandate of the PVO. The notice
should be published in a newspaper circulating in the area concerned.

Registration procedure

Upon submission of the above documents any person may within the prescribed time period to
lodge with the Registrar an objection to the grant of the application setting out the grounds on
which such objection is made.

Public notice in newspapers – the aim of the newspaper notice is to call for persons with
objections to lodge them with the Registrar of PVOs within the prescribed time limit (within 21
days of the date of publication).

The Registrar shall submit any such objection to the PVO Board for consideration.

If all documents are in order the Registrar will submit them to the PVO Board which will
determine whether the application is rejected or accepted for registration.

The registration process can take 3 months to a year.

Foreign organizations that seek to carry out work in Zimbabwe, and in particular work of a
humanitarian nature or whose objectives are covered under the PVO Act, are required to register
as such. Most international organizations operate as PVOs and are supposed to have a direct
memorandum of understanding or cooperation with the Government.

1c)List at least 50 well known entrepreneurs in Zimbabwe indicating their start up

organization and type of entrepreneur they are(100)

Name of the entrepreneur Startup organization Type or nature of Demographic of the

the entrepreneur entrepreneur
Gideon Gono Lunar chickens CO Innovative Senior and Male

Philip Materanyika Nyaradzo Group Social Male

Shingai Mutasa TA Holdings Eagle or growth Male

Divine Ndhlukula DDNS Security Scalable Female

Operations

Philip Chiyangwa Native Investment Africa Innovative Senior

Group

Nigel Chanakira Kingdom Bank Innovative Male

James Makamba Telecel Zimbabwe Pvt Ltd Habitual Senior

Dr Afra Nhanhanga C.A.G Travellers Coaches Portifolio Male

Shamiso Machaya C and R Home Designs Social Youth

and Construction

Nyasha Mangwiro Chefs Studio and Bespoke Innovative Female

Cakes Zw

Sympathy Sibanda- Amandla Brands Habitual Female

Mazuruse

Karen Nyenga Zimbabwe License for Habitual Female

Fines and Country
Josile Sithole Southern Africa Researcher Female
Development Consultants
and Gosseberry

Forget Shareka Chashi Foods Social Female

Geraldine Eve 143 Communications Innovative Senior

Samatha Samkange Skin Adore Holistic Eagle Female

Skincare

Blesing Machiya Shumbakadzi Investment Hustler Young

Herbert Ganje H and G Advertising Entrepreneur Male

Agency

Simbarashe Mhuriro Oxygen Enegy Innovative Male

Samuello Dimairho Chengetedzai Despository Innovative Male

Company and The Auro
Group

Gilbert Eugene Peters Spidex Media Serial Male

Lovemore Mukono Mukonitronics Innovative Male

Trevor Ncube Mail and Guardian Serial Senior

Farai Rwodzi Apex Corporation of Innovative Male

Zimbabwe Limited

Billy Rautenbach Wheels Of Africa Scalable Senior

Tinashe Mutarisi Nash Paints and Nash TV Innovative Male

Walter Magaya Prophetic Healing and Social Senior

Deliverance Ministries

George“Billionaire Proverbs Investments and Serial Young

"Munengwa Pro Air Zimbabwe

Clara Mhlambo NICOZ Diamond Innovative Female

Rob Burrell Mukuru Innovative Senior

Rinos Mutasa Tech 24 Group Innovative Young

Tendai Kelvin Zhou VIP Hosting Group Survivalist Young

Alex Mashamhanda Mashwede Holdings Eagle Senior

Farai Rwodzi Interfin Holdings Limited Innovative Male

Nigel Mugamu 263 Chat Innovative Male

Tonderai Toneo Rutsito TechnoMag Innovative Male

Dj Nosh 2 Kings Entertainment Hustler Young

Tilda Moyo Tilder Foundation Trust Social Female

Arnold Kamudyariwa Chillsport Records Hustler Male

Leornad Mukumba Mukumba brothers Growth Senior

Transport Ltd,
Nyasha Chakasara Salopro Energy Africa Innovative Male

Claris Zimbiti Tendertube| Innovative Youth

Anesu Isaac Fambo Purpelveld Enterprises Pvt Eagle Youth

Ltd

Lionel Chinyamutangira Lobels Bread Innovative Youth

Taku Chingonzo Sasao Wireless Pvt Ltd Innovative Youth

Aaron Chinhara Glow Petroleum Trading Innovative Male

Pvt Ltd

Mudiwa Hood SkyAngel Private Jet Serial Youth

Charter, Fundmass,
Optima Construction,
Disrupt Media, Mudiwa
Hood Holdings and Bisep
Security

Peter Tselentis Proton Bakers Innovative Senior

The Housing Hub Innovative Male

Marvellous Nyongoro