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Report
Report
Report
EDUCATION, MUMBAI
GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC,
SOLAPUR
CETIFICATE
have completed the six weeks industrial training (Dt. 4th July to 14thAugust 2022)
as per requirements of board of technical education, Mumbai in partial fulfillment
of the Diploma in Civil Engineering, for academic year 2021-2022.
MENTOR H.O.D.(Civil)
A.A.GAIKWAD S.K.HUNASIMARAD PRINCIPAL
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Abstract
As per the directives issued by AICTE and Directorate of
Technical Education, option 1 is selected for industrial training. This
includes –
In this training report both parts are covered. All the contents are
planned by the mentor with weekly time table. The duration of training
is from 07th July to 27th August 2023.
• Work in team
a) Site Engineers
b) Site Supervisors/Technicians
c) Quantity and Quality Analyst
d) Accountants
e) Skilled workers
VISION
MISSION
Cement:
Presence of lumps test: The cement should be free from any hard
lumps. Such lumps are formed by the absorption of moisture from the
atmosphere. Any bag of cement containing such lumps should be rejected.
Shape and size: Shape and size of bricks are very important
consideration. All bricks used for construction should be of same size. The
shape of bricks should be purely rectangular with sharp edges. Standard
brick size consists length x breadth x height as 19cm x 9cm x 9cm.
Color test: A good brick should possess bright and uniform color
throughout its body.
Soundness test: Soundness test of bricks shows the nature of bricks
against sudden impact. In this test, 2 bricks are chosen randomly and struck
with one another. Then sound produced should be clear bell ringing sound
and brick should not break. Then it is said to be good brick.
Safety Measures to be taken on Site
1. Wear your PPE at all times:
When you enter the site, make sure you have the PPE you need. PPE is important,
it's your last line of defence should you come into contact with a hazard on site. Hi-
viz helps make sure you are seen. Safety boots give you grip and protect your feet.
Hard hats are easily replaced, but your skull isn't.It can't protect you if you don't
wear it. Wear your hard hat, safety boots and hi-viz vest as a minimum, along with
any additional PPE required for the task being carried out.
6. Never work in unsafe areas: Make sure your work area is safe. Know what is
happening around you. Be aware. According to HSE statistics, 14% of fatalities in
construction were caused by something collapsing or overturning, and 11% by
being struck by a moving vehicle (2014/15-2018/19). Don’t work at height without
suitable guard rails or other fall prevention. Don’t enter unsupported trenches.
Make sure you have safe access. Don’t work below crane loads or other dangerous
operations.
Formwork
Formwork is molds into which concrete or similar materials are
either precast or cast-in-place. In the context of concrete construction,
the falsework supports the shuttering molds. In specialty applications
formwork may be permanently incorporated into the final structure,
adding insulation or helping reinforce the finished structure.
STEEL FORMWORK
Before concrete can be poured, the site needs to be prepared to reduce the chance
of heaving from expansive soils and frost. On small projects, use hand to tools to
clear the area of all grass, rocks, trees, shrubs, and old concrete, exposing bare
earth. Earth moving equipment speeds up the process, especially for large pours.
Then, place and compact a sub base of fill gravel, unless the soil is very compact
and stable.
Step 2 - Forming
Once the sub base is prepared, forms can be set. For residential concrete projects,
use wood forms with metal or wood stakes. Attach forms to the stakes with screws
or special nails to allow for easy removal after the concrete has cured. Forms
should be in good condition, be set to provide the proper slope or grade for
drainage, and form clean corners where they meet each other or other structures.
Step 3 - Mixing
Step 4 - Placement
Pour wet concrete into the forms until they are full to the top edge.
While the wet concrete is being poured, use shovels, rakes and "come
alongs" (special concrete rake) to move the concrete to make sure there
are no voids or air pockets.
Step 5 - Early Finishing
Use a large metal or wood board to screed the top of the concrete.
Screeding helps compact and consolidate the concrete, and begins the
smoothing and leveling process. Next, use a float to further compact the
concrete, even out any high or low areas, and create a smooth finish.
Small hand-held floats are good for edges and detail work, large bull
floats are best for working large areas. At the same time, work control
joints and edges into the concrete with special hand tools
Step 6 - Troweling
Once all the troweling (float or steel) is complete the final finish
can be applied to the concrete. The most basic type of finish is
known as a "broom finish". A special broom is pulled across the
concrete surface creating a rough textured surface. Other types
of finishes include stamped, textured, or smooth trowel to name
a few.
Step 8 - Curing
Let the concrete can rest and begin to cure (get hard). The curing process
lasts 28 days, with the first 48 hours being the most critical. Apply a
liquid chemical curing and sealing compound to help the concrete cure
slowly and evenly, which helps reduce cracks, curling, and
surface discoloration. You can start to use your concrete for light foot
traffic 3 to 4 days after placement, and you can drive and park on your
Hand compaction
Hand compaction is obtained for small quantities of concrete.
We use hand compaction when Vibrators are not available on
site.
It results in inefficient compaction.
Hand compaction requires high water content.
It can be done by Tamping, Ramming.
Needle Vibrator-
MACHINE CHARGES