Human Genetics Concepts and Applications 11th Edition Ricki Lewis Test Bank 1

Chapter 06 - Matters of Sex
Human Genetics Concepts and Applications

11th Edition Ricki Lewis 0076701654
9780076701650
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Chapter 06
Matters of Sex
Multiple Choice Questions
1. In humans, if the SRY gene is not expressed, the unspecialized gonads develop into
A. testes.
B. ovaries.
C. a tumorous mass.
D. gametes.
Bloom's Level: 01. Remember

Learning Outcome: 06.01 Describe the factors that contribute to whether we are and feel male or female.
Section: 06.01
Topic: Sex determination
6-1
Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of
McGraw-Hill Education.
2. Femaleness or maleness is genetically set at

A. conception.
B. fertilization.
C. the embryonic period.
D. the fetal period.

Section: 06.01
3. Indifferent gonads develop

A. during the first two weeks of prenatal development.
B. during the fifth week of prenatal development.
C. during the ninth week of prenatal development.
D. when the embryo becomes a fetus.

Section: 06.01
6-2
4. Indifferent gonads are

A. the gonads of people who have no interest in having sex.
B.
paired structures in the embryo that can develop as either testes or ovaries.
C.
paired structures in the embryo that follow a male developmental program and a female pathway in the same person at the
same time.
D.
the gonads that develop when a person uses birth control.
Bloom's Level: 02. Understand

Section: 06.01
5. Unspecialized structures in embryos that develop into female sex organs are the
A.
Mullerian ducts.
B. Wolffian ducts.
C. oocytes.
D. Barr bodies.

Section: 06.01
6-3
6.
The idea that femaleness is simply what happens when an embryo does not develop as a male is no longer supported by
evidence because of the discovery of
A.
the SRY gene in females.
B. genes whose expression is necessary for female structures to develop.

C. gene that suppress all of the genes on a female's Y chromosome.
D.
hormones that suppress expression of SRY genes in females.

Section: 06.01
7.
Human females are the _____ sex.
A. homozygous
B. homogametic
C. hemizygous
D. heterozygous

Learning Outcome: 06.02 Distinguish between the X and Y chromosomes.
Section: 06.01
6-4
8.
Human males are the _____ sex.
A. homozygous
B. homogametic
C. heterogametic
D. heterozygous

Section: 06.01
9.
Renfrew is a male boa constrictor. He has two copies of a sex chromosome called Z chromosome. Renfrew is a member of
the _____ sex.
A. homozygous
B. homogametic
C. hemizygous
D. heterozygous
Bloom's Level: 03. Apply

Section: 06.01
6-5
10. The pseudoautosomal regions of the Y chromosome correspond to

A.
male-specific regions of the Y chromosome.
B.
female-specific regions of the Y chromosome.
C.
counterparts on the X chromosome with which they can cross over.
D. places on the interior of the nuclear membrane where the Y chromosome attaches during
cell division.

Section: 06.01
11. The Y chromosome was challenging to sequence because

A. it is very small.
B. the sequence has many sites of high symmetry called palindromes.
C. it is very similar to the X chromosome.
D. not enough men volunteered to have their Y chromosomes sequenced.

Section: 06.01
6-6
12. The male-specific region of the Y chromosome

A. lies between the two pseudoautosomal regions.
B.
is completely identical to its counterparts on the X chromosome.
C.
has an abundance of protein-encoding genes.
D.
has regions called amplicons that include few palindromic sequences.

Section: 06.01
13.
The two interesting types of people who led researchers to discovery of the SRY gene were
A. physicists and chemists.

B. XX males and XY females.
C. XY males and XX females.
D. XXX females and XYY males.

Section: 06.01
6-7
14. A gene on the Y chromosome that determines maleness is

A. ABO.
B. XIST.
C. SRY.
D. E. BOY.

Section: 06.01
15. A male with a missing SRY gene would be phenotypically a

A. female.
B. male.
C. a female until age 12, and then a male.
D. a male until age 12, and then a female.

Section: 06.01
16. A boy developed signs of sexual maturity at age 3. A possible diagnosis is

A. XY female syndrome.
B. XX male syndrome.
C. congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency.
D.
pseudohermaphroditism due to 5-alpha reductase deficiency.

Section: 06.01
6-8
17. Homosexuality
A. is seen only in humans.
B.
reflects the input of a number of genes and environmental factors.
C. is inherited from a mutation on the X chromosome.

D. is only the result of environmental influences.

Section: 06.01
18. The calculation for determining sex ratio is

A. averaging the percentage of students who are female in many large school populations.
B. the number of males divided by the number of females multiplied by 1,000 for people of a
particular age.
C. 1,000 minus the number of whichever sex is in excess.
D. the number of Y chromosomes in a population divided by one-third the number of X
chromosomes.

Learning Outcome: 06.03 Discuss how manipulating sex ratio can affect societies.
Section: 06.01
19.
Sex ratio at birth is called the _____ sex ratio.
rev: 10_25_2013_QC_38233
A. primary
B. secondary
C. tertiary
D. quaternary

Learning Outcome: 06.03 Discuss how manipulating sex ratio can affect societies.
Section: 06.01
6-9
True / False Questions
20. A daughter can inherit an X-linked recessive disorder when her father is affected and her
mother is a carrier.
TRUE

Learning Outcome: 06.04 Distinguish between Y linkage and X linkage.
Section: 06.02
Topic: X and Y linkage
Multiple Choice Questions
21.
Amed has scaly skin due to the X-linked recessive condition icthyosis. He is _____ for the trait.
A. autosomal dominant
B. heterozygous
C. homozygous
D. hemizygous

Section: 06.02
22. X-linked genes have different patterns of expression in females and males because
A. they are suppressed in males.
B. they are expressed in females only.
C. males have only one copy of these genes.
D. they determine maleness or femaleness.

Section: 06.02
6-10
23. The probability that a boy whose mother is heterozygous for an X-linked trait inherits the
recessive allele is
A. 1/16.
B. 1/8.
C. 1/4.
D. 1/2.

Section: 06.02
24. A human male inherits

A.
an X chromosome from both parents.
B.
an X chromosome from his mother and a Y chromosome from his father.
C.
both X and Y chromosomes from his father.
D.
his father's Y chromosome and an X chromosome from either his father or mother.

Section: 06.02
6-11
25. A daughter can inherit an X-linked recessive disorder if

A. her mother is a carrier and her father has the disorder.
B. her mother is affected with the disorder.
C. her father is hemizygous for the disorder and her mother is wild type.
D. her father is a carrier of the disorder.

Learning Outcome: 06.05 Compare and contrast X-linked recessive inheritance and X-linked dominant inheritance.
Section: 06.02
26.
Sixteen-year-old Rhapsody has just learned that her younger brother Clyde is colorblind. Although she knows she has color
vision because her cat, Juice, is clearly orange, and she reads that nearly all people with colorblindness are boys, she is
concerned about her own sons one day. If she is a carrier for colorblindness, then the risk that a son of hers is colorblind is
A. dependent on the genes the child's father contributes.

B. 1/8.
C. 1/4.
D. 1/2.

Section: 06.02
27. X-linked dominant traits are typically expressed

A. much more severely in females because they have two X chromosomes.
B. much more severely in males because they have two Y chromosomes.
C. much more severely in males because they have only one X chromosome.
D. only if X-linked recessive conditions with similar symptoms are also inherited.

Section: 06.02
6-12
28. The probability that the daughter of a woman with a dominant disease-causing allele on
the X chromosome and a normal male will be affected with the disorder is
A. 2/3.
B. 1/2.
C. 3/16.
D. 1/3.

Section: 06.02
29. A healthy man and a healthy woman have a son with Lesch-Nyhan syndrome, an X-linked
recessive trait. What are the chances that a daughter of this couple will inherit Lesch-Nyhan
syndrome?
A. 0
B. 1/4
C. 1/2
D. 3/4

Section: 06.02
30.
Cliff has colorblindness and icthyosis, which causes scaly skin. Both traits are X-linked recessive. The probability that he
transmits both traits to his sons is
A. 0
B. 1/4
C. 1/2
D. 3/4

Section: 06.02
6-13
31. In males, genes on the X chromosome are

A. expressed.
B. disease-causing.
C. mutant.
D. autosomal.

Section: 06.02
32. Chloe has the scaly skin condition icthyosis, which is X-linked recessive. Which of the
following is most likely true?
A. Her mother and father were both unaffected carriers.
B. Her mother was affected and her father was unaffected.
C. Her father was a carrier.
D. Her mother was a carrier and her father was affected.
Bloom's Level: 04. Analyze

Section: 06.02
33. Sean has congenital generalized hypertrichosis, an X-linked dominant condition that
produces dense hair on the face and upper body. He can pass this trait
A. definitely to a daughter and definitely not to a son.
B. definitely to a son and definitely not to a daughter.
C. with equal probability to a son or daughter.
D. with a probability of 1/2 to a son and 1/4 to a daughter.

Section: 06.02
6-14
34. A gene that determines the heaviness of a man's beard is

A. X-linked.
B. sex-limited.
C. sex-influenced.
D. Y-linked.

Learning Outcome: 06.06 Discuss the inheritance pattern of a trait that appears in only one sex.
Section: 06.03
Topic: Sex-limited and sex-influenced traits
35. An allele that is dominant in one sex but recessive in the other is
A. X-linked.
B. sex-limited.
C. sex-influenced.
D. Y-linked.

Section: 06.03
36. Number of eggs laid per week and milk yield are traits that are
A. sex-linked.
B. sex-limited.
C. sex-influenced.
D. sex-driven.

Section: 06.03
6-15
37.
Plumage in chickens is of two varieties, a "hen" pattern and a "cock" pattern. They differ because the trait is sex-limited;
males have different feather arrangements than females. The autosomal gene H controls the trait in this manner:
Henrietta is one of a flock of hens who has chicks with Boris, the lone rooster. He has tantalizingly beautiful plumage in the
cock pattern. If Henrietta is genotype Hh, the probability that a male chick will have his father's gorgeous plumage is
A. 1/8.
B. 1/4.
C. 1/2.
D. 1/3.

Section: 06.03
38.
Microphthalmia is a condition that causes chickens to have very small eyes, but it only appears in hens. The condition is
autosomal recessive. Microphthalmia is sex-influenced and not sex-limited because
A. only females express the trait.

B. only males express the trait.
C. it is not transmitted on a sex chromosome.
D. both sexes have eyeballs.

Learning Outcome: 06.07 Define sex-influenced trait.
Section: 06.03
6-16
39. In cattle, mahogany spots are dominant in males and recessive in females. This trait is
A. sex-linked.
B. sex-limited.
C. sex-influenced.
D. sexually determined.

Learning Outcome: 06.07 Define sex-influenced trait.
Section: 06.03
40. Human males and females are genetically equivalent because

A. one of a female's two X chromosomes is inactivated.
B. males only have one X chromosome.
C. one X chromosome is inactive in male cells.
D. males are hemizygous.

Learning Outcome: 06.08 Explain why X inactivation is necessary.
Section: 06.04
Topic: X inactivation
41. X inactivation is controlled by

A. the SRY gene.
B. the XIST gene.
C. the XTASY gene.
D. the location of the spindle in mitosis.

Learning Outcome: 06.08 Explain why X inactivation is necessary.
Section: 06.04
6-17
42. A human cell with two Barr bodies and no Y chromosome is from
A. a male with two X chromosomes.
B. a female with three X chromosomes.
C. a chromosomally normal female.
D. a chromosomally normal male.

Learning Outcome: 06.09 Explain how X inactivation is an epigenetic change.
Section: 06.04
43.
Marbles is a calico cat with a Manx tail. She wants to have kittens with a male calico, but can't find one. Male calicos are
rare; the only ones have the sex chromosome constitution XXY. Male calicos are therefore rare because
A.
all male cats have a dominant gene on the Y chromosome that masks the calico gene on the X chromosome.
B. most male cats only have one Y chromosome, so it cannot be shut off.
C. most male cats have only one X chromosome, so it cannot be shut off.
D.
male calico cats lack sex chromosomes.
Bloom's Level: 04. Analyze

Learning Outcome: 06.10 Discuss how X inactivation affects the phenotype in female mammals.
Section: 06.04
6-18
44. In female mammals,

A. the maternally inherited X chromosome is shut off in every cell.
B. the paternally inherited X chromosome is shut off in some cells.
C. one X chromosome is shut off in a germline cell.
D. both SRY genes are activated.

Section: 06.04
45.
Tamryn has a son who has Duchenne muscular dystrophy, which is inherited as an X-linked recessive trait. At a molecular
level, the disease is due to lack of the protein dystrophin. Tamryn participates in a study that looks at dystrophin levels in
various muscles. The study samples cells from 10 different muscles. The study finds that some cells make dystrophin and
some do not. An explanation for this finding is that
A. the mutation is only in some muscle cells.

B. Tamryn is making less dystrophin as she gets older. The study should be repeated at
different ages.
C. the X chromosome that bears the mutation is turned on in some cells but off in others.
D. Tamryn does not have a Y chromosome.

Section: 06.04
46.
A carrier of an X-linked recessive trait who expresses the phenotype is called a(n)
A. manifesting homozygote.
B. manifesting mutant.
C. manifesting heterozygote.
D. imprinting heterozygote.

Section: 06.04
6-19
47. In genomic imprinting, the expression of a genetic disorder depends on

A. the age of the mother when she became pregnant.
B. whether the trait is X-linked or autosomal.
C. which parent transmits the disease-causing allele.
D. the number of pseudoautosomal genes transmitted.

Learning Outcome: 06.11 Explain the chemical basis of silencing the genetic contribution from one parent.
Section: 06.05
Topic: Parent-of-origin effects
48. Prader-Willi and Angelman syndromes both arise from the same area of chromosome 15,
illustrating
A. epistasis.
B. X inactivation.
C. genomic imprinting.
D. behavior modification.

Section: 06.05
49. Imprinting disorders illustrate

A. epistasis.
B. epigenetics.
C. epidermics.
D. apogenetics.

Section: 06.05
6-20
50. Imprinting affects the phenotype when

A. both alleles of a gene are imprinted.
B. both alleles of a gene are inactivated or deleted.
C. one allele is imprinted and the other is inactivated or deleted.
D. an embryo arises from two female genomes or two male genomes.

Section: 06.05
6-21

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Chapter 06 - Matters of Sex

Human Genetics Concepts and Applications

Download full test bank at:

Multiple Choice Questions

Bloom's Level: 01. Remember

2. Femaleness or maleness is genetically set at

Bloom's Level: 01. Remember

3. Indifferent gonads develop

Bloom's Level: 01. Remember

4. Indifferent gonads are

Bloom's Level: 02. Understand

Bloom's Level: 01. Remember

B. genes whose expression is necessary for female structures to develop.

Bloom's Level: 02. Understand

Human females are the _____ sex.

Bloom's Level: 01. Remember

Human males are the _____ sex.

Bloom's Level: 01. Remember

Bloom's Level: 03. Apply

10. The pseudoautosomal regions of the Y chromosome correspond to

male-specific regions of the Y chromosome.

Bloom's Level: 02. Understand

11. The Y chromosome was challenging to sequence because

Bloom's Level: 02. Understand

12. The male-specific region of the Y chromosome

is completely identical to its counterparts on the X chromosome.

Bloom's Level: 01. Remember

A. physicists and chemists.

Bloom's Level: 01. Remember

14. A gene on the Y chromosome that determines maleness is

Bloom's Level: 01. Remember

15. A male with a missing SRY gene would be phenotypically a

Bloom's Level: 02. Understand

16. A boy developed signs of sexual maturity at age 3. A possible diagnosis is

pseudohermaphroditism due to 5-alpha reductase deficiency.

Bloom's Level: 02. Understand

reflects the input of a number of genes and environmental factors.

C. is inherited from a mutation on the X chromosome.

Bloom's Level: 01. Remember

18. The calculation for determining sex ratio is

Bloom's Level: 01. Remember

Sex ratio at birth is called the _____ sex ratio.

Bloom's Level: 01. Remember

True / False Questions

Bloom's Level: 01. Remember

Multiple Choice Questions

Bloom's Level: 02. Understand

Bloom's Level: 02. Understand

Bloom's Level: 01. Remember

24. A human male inherits

an X chromosome from both parents.

Bloom's Level: 01. Remember

25. A daughter can inherit an X-linked recessive disorder if

Bloom's Level: 03. Apply

A. dependent on the genes the child's father contributes.

Bloom's Level: 03. Apply

27. X-linked dominant traits are typically expressed

Bloom's Level: 02. Understand

Bloom's Level: 03. Apply

Bloom's Level: 03. Apply

Bloom's Level: 03. Apply

31. In males, genes on the X chromosome are

Bloom's Level: 02. Understand

Bloom's Level: 04. Analyze