Practical Research 2 – Grade 11

Quarter 3 – Module 7: The Quantitative Research Problem

First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education - Schools Division of Pasig City

Development Team of the Self-Learning Module

Writer: Jonalyn D. Gungon
Editor: Marlyn D. Tolosa
Reviewer: Liza A. Alvarez, EPS – Research
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OIC-Schools Division Superintendent
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Education Program Supervisors

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Liza A. Alvarez (Science/STEM/SSP/Research)
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Pasig City
Practical
Research 2
11
Quarter 3
Self-Learning Module 7
The Quantitative Research Problem
Introductory Message

For the facilitator:

Welcome to Practical Research 2 Grade 11 Self Learning Module on

Quantitative Research Problem!

This Self-Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed and

reviewed by educators from the Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its
Officer-in-Charge Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A.
Agustin, in partnership with the City Government of Pasig through its mayor,
Honorable Victor Ma. Regis N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K
to 12 Curriculum using the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) in
developing this instructional resource.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners in guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims to help learners
acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs, namely: Communication,
Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking, and Character while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
 For the Learner:

Welcome to Practical Research 2 Self Learning Module on Quantitative

Research Problem!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning material while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectations - This points to the set of knowledge and skills

that you will learn after completing the module.

Pretest - This measures your prior knowledge about the lesson

at hand.

Recap - This part of the module provides a review of concepts

and skills that you already know about a previous lesson.

Lesson - This section discusses the topic in the module.

Activities - This is a set of activities that you need to perform.

Wrap-Up - This section summarizes the concepts and

application of the lesson.

Valuing - This part integrates a desirable moral value in the

lesson.

Posttest - This measures how much you have learned from the
entire module.
 EXPECTATIONS

This module aims to enlighten you on the quantitative research

problem. It will help you understand the nature of quantitative research
problem, including its sources and criteria.
After going through this module, you are expected to:
1. describe the criteria in formulating the quantitative research problem;
2. distinguish well-written quantitative research problem; and
3. formulate a good quantitative research problem.

PRETEST

Directions: Read the questions carefully. Write the letter of the best answer
in your notebook.

1. Which characteristic states that the quantitative research problem has to

consider the length of time in conducting the research?
A. feasible
B. interesting
C. novel
D. relevant

2. What does “quantitative research problem must be novel” mean?

A. The research problem must be new.
B. The research problem must be clear.
C. The research problem must be specific.
D. The research problem must be relevant.

3. Which is a good example of a quantitative research problem?

A. The effect of Facebook on people’s minds.
B. The effect of social media on people’s minds.
C. The effect of social media on the attention span of senior high school
students.
D. The effect of daily use of Facebook on the attention span of senior
high school students.
4. Which is a good example of quantitative research?
A. The validity of stealing to people.
B. God’s intervention when evil takes root in people.
C. The influence of collaboration in enhancing students’ academic
performance.
D. The effect of English language in making Filipinos feel superior to
other countries.

5. If you are interested in improving the exam scores in mathematics, which

is a good quantitative research problem?
A. The exam scores of senior high school students in mathematics.
B. Time spent studying mathematics lessons of the senior high school
students.
C. The influence of study time on the exam scores in mathematics
amongst senior high school students.
D. The effects of having a lengthy or short study time amongst senior
high school students in mathematics.

RECAP

In the previous module, you were able to determine the dependent and
independent variables. Each of the underlined word/phrase is a variable.
Write DV if you consider it a dependent variable, and otherwise write IV.

1. The influence of mass testing on the COVID-19 case rate in Pasig City.
2. Effects of COVID-19 pandemic on the economic growth of Pasig City
enterprises.
3. How does community quarantine influence the employment status of
Pasigueños?
4. The relationship between gender and recovery rate of the COVID-19
patients in Pasig City.
5. The impact of distance learning on the learning competencies of the
elementary students in Pasig City.

Amazing! It is good that you could still remember the types of variables.
 LESSON

Study carefully the concept notes below.

Quantitative Research Problem

A research topic or problem is an intellectual stimulus calling for an

answer in the form of scientific inquiry. It is a general question about relations
among variables that you need to undertake as a researcher. (Birion et.al,
2005, p.7 in Faltado, et. al 2017)

A quantitative research problem is any researchable research

problem geared toward a possible result. (Baraceros 2016)

Sources of Quantitative Research Problem

Wondering where you can find quantitative research problems? The
following are the possible sources of quantitative research problems.

1. Personal experiences and interests. Your everyday personal or

professional experience may lead you to identify a research problem for
which you would like to solve. For example, personally, you may prefer the
taste of organically produced rice and wonder if people, in general, prefer
the taste of organically produced rice to those produced non-organically.

2. Related studies and literature. While reading many sources of literature

such as books, journal articles, and newspapers, there are research
problems that may capture your interest. As you read, some ideas may let
you think and realize that there is a need to conduct research to validate
the body of knowledge and/or consider that some studies are suffering
from inconsistencies or discrepancies.

3. Prevailing theories and philosophies. These are beliefs and ideas of the
people around us which may lead you to conduct a study. An example of
it is the idea that men are better leaders than women, and/or students
who study from private schools are brighter than those who study in public
schools.

4. Funding agencies. Some research problems are suggestions of agencies

of the government or any non-government institutions. They provide
researchers funds for them to have research-based data.
Criteria of Good Quantitative Research Problem
A good research problem can be represented by the acronym FINER.

F - Feasible. You must have the ability to carry out the research. You need to
be realistic about its scope and scale. You must have enough materials
and sources of information to study. Moreover, the research problem has
to be clear and focused to be feasible.

I - Interesting. You must be interested in the research problem with much

willingness, dedication, and commitment. This interest will motivate you
to finish your research.

N - Novel. The research problem does not simply copy questions investigated
by other workers but should have the scope to be investigated. It may aim
at confirming or refuting the already established findings, establish new
facts, or find new aspects of the facts. Also, it is not answerable by yes or
no. It has to be simple and clear, not too broad, and not too narrow.

E - Ethical. The research to be conducted must be approved by the

appropriate authorities. Further, it should be such that minimizes the risk
of harm to the participants, protect the privacy and maintain their
confidentiality, and provide the participants the right to withdraw from
research. It should also guide in avoiding deceptive practices in research.

R - Relevant. The question should be academic and intellectual interest to

people in the field you have chosen to study.

Examples of Quantitative Research Problem

Table 1. Examples of Quantitative Research Problem

Bad Examples Good Examples
1. The rate of malnutrition of the grade 1. The impact of the educational attainment
school students in Pasig City. of parents on the malnutrition of the grade
school students in Pasig City.

- too narrow; because it can be answered
with simple statistics.
2. The effects of malnutrition among grade
school students in Pasig City.
-unfocused; too broad; not feasible
3. The number of hours spent doing physical
activity per day grade school students in
Pasig City.
- not interesting; irrelevant; data can be
collected but cannot provide an argument
- less narrow; interesting and relevant
2. The effect of malnutrition on academic
performance among grade school students
in Pasig City.
- interesting and relevant; more focused; data
are possible to be collected, analyzed; and
discussed
3. The relationship between physical activity
levels and childhood obesity among grade
school students in Pasig City.
- interesting and relevant
 ACTIVITIES

Directions: Accomplish the following tasks below. Write your answers

in your notebook.

1. Describe the criteria of a good quantitative research problem. Use the

diagram below as your guide.

F
I
N
E
R
2. Classify each of the quantitative research problems whether it is good
or bad. If it is bad, indicate the reason/s.

1. The highest educational background of college students in Pasig City

2. The influence of texting in decreasing the students’ grammatical
competence in Pasig City
3. The influence of watching Koreanovelas to the Filipino value system
of teenagers in Pasig City
4. The relationship between leadership practices and the performance
of the employees
5. The impact of attendance on the test scores of elementary students
in Pasig City
6. The average monetary allowance of the high school students in Pasig
City
7. The level of satisfaction of Pasig City employees with their salary.
8. Average time spent in the gym of Pasig City male adults
9. The effect of skin color on the self-esteem of Facebook users
10. The decrease rate of dengue fever cases in Pasig City
3. Observe your surroundings: your family, friends, community, technological
devices like handphones, tablets, vehicles, and so on. Focus yourself on one
problem or interesting about any of these things, people, or places you are
exposed to. In your notebook, state your quantitative research problem. Make
sure to fulfill the criteria of a good quantitative research problem. Provide a
3-5 sentence explanation of your answer.

Quantitative Research Problem:

_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________

Explanation:
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________

WRAP-UP

Give one significant research term or concept or topic you encountered

on quantitative research problem that you have learned in this module. In 5-
minutes, elaborate such term or concept in writing. Write your answer in your
notebook.
 VALUING

The world is now facing a lot of challenges, including the war on the
COVID-19 pandemic. What are quantitative research problems can you
suggest to different organizations who can help improve lives despite the
pandemic crisis. Use the table below for your answer.

Name of Quantitative Research Problem

Organization

POSTTEST

Directions: Read the questions carefully, then write the letter of the best
answer in your notebook.

1. Which characteristic states that the quantitative research problem

considers accessibility and availability of materials and resources?
A. feasible
B. interesting
C. novel
D. relevant

2. What does relevancy mean as a characteristic of a quantitative research

problem?
A. The research problem must have a similarity to other researchers’ work.
B. The research problem must have some practical or good contribution
to the area of specialization.
C. The research problem must have enough materials and sources of
information to study.
D. The research problem must have the features that make it distinct and
different from the research that has been done before.
3. Which is a good example of quantitative research?
A. What are the differences in perceptions towards Internet banking
security between adolescents and pensioners?
B. Are there differences in perceptions towards Internet banking security
among people of society?
C. How do the pensioners react towards internet banking?
D. Why do adolescents prefer to use internet banking?

4. Which is a good example of quantitative research?

A. Does faith make God exist?
B. What is the meaning of the rich and poor in the modern world?
C. How do gadgets impact students’ participation in the classroom?
D. Would this world be better or be worse without teachers and formal
education?

5. If you are curious about the attitudes of adolescents to music piracy, which
shall be your quantitative research problem?
A. How many adolescents prefer to purchase pirated music?
B. Which gender has the highest rate of buying pirated music?
C. What are the attitudes of adolescents towards music piracy?
D. What is the relationship between gender and attitudes towards music
piracy amongst adolescents?
 KEY TO CORRECTION

5. C 5. R 5. A
4. B 4. I 4. B
3. A 3. N 3. C
2. D 2. N 2. C
1. D 1. O 1. D
Posttest Activity 2 Pretest

References

Elements of Research. n.d. Office of Research Integrity. Accessed June 30,

2020. https://ori.hhs.gov/module-3-elements-research-section-1

Thomas, Lauren. 2020. Independent and Dependent Variables. May 20,

2020. https://www.scribbr.com/methodology/independent-and-
dependent-variables/

Variables in Quantitative Research: A Beginner's Guide. n.d. Capella

University. Accessed June 30, 2020.
https://campustools.capella.edu/BBCourse_Production/PhD_Colloqu
ia/Track_2/COUN/phd_t2_coun_u02s2_h02_quantvar.html#