SURNAME & INITIALS: SEBATANE LK

STUDENT NUMBER: 48082627

MODULE CODE: DEVS121
CORRUPTION ACTIVITY
DATE: 03 AUGUST 2023

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TABLE OF CONTENT PAGE NUMBER
Causes of Bureaucratic 3
Corruption
Impact of Bureaucratic 3-4
Corruption
Solutions of Bureaucratic 4
Corruption
Reference/ Bibliography 5

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BUREAUCRATIC CORRUPTION (BC)
Bureaucratic Corruption---- may refer to the use of PUBLIC
OFFICE  for PRIVATE GAIN OR CIVIL SERVANTS
ENRICHMENT THRU ILLEGAL MEANS

CAUSES OF BUREAUCRATIC CORRUPTION

 LACK OF EXAMPLARY LEADERSHIP -many leaders

are corrupt
 POLITICAL INSTABILITY : political instability creates
an environment conducive to bureaucratic corruption by
disrupting institutional stability, promoting patronage-
based appointments, creating policy uncertainties,
allowing for the diversion of public funds, and
weakening oversight mechanisms. Addressing political
instability and promoting good governance are essential
steps in combating bureaucratic corruption effectively.
 TRADE QUOTAS AND TARIFFS e.g how many
imports may enter a country may create room for
bribery. Only 2 cars allowed per year and the exporter
or importer wants to 5 cars, they then offer a bribe to an
official or government employee to allow extra 3 cars to
enter a country in some instance the law requires R50
000 entry fee or duty be paid for each car. The exporter
or importer who cannot afford then offers an
official/employee R10 000 per car, instead.

IMPACT
 LIMITS INVESTMENTS

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  INEFFICIENT SERVICE DELIVERY: Corrupt practices
can lead to inefficiencies in the delivery of public services.
Resources meant for public welfare or infrastructure
projects may be misused, resulting in poor service quality
and delayed or incomplete projects.

 RETARDS DEVELOPMENT PROCESS

BACK TO THE QUOTAS AND TARRIFS example the money
goes to an official/employee and not the government. The lost
money could have been used for housing or job creation or clinic.

SOLUTIONS
 REMOVE BAD APPLES fire the corrupt officials
 REDUCE GAINS by INCREASING TH E COST OF
CORRUPTION remove and punish/arrest the corrupt
 TRANSPARENCY AND ACCOUNTABILITY: Promote
transparency in government operations, budgets, and
public procurement processes. Implement mechanisms
for public scrutiny and oversight to hold officials
accountable for their actions.

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BIBLIOGRAPHY/ REFERENCES
Todaro MP and Smith SC(2015),Economic Development.12th
edition. Pearson: Harlow
De Beer F and Swannepoel H (2000), Introduction to
Development Studies. 2nd edition. Oxford University Press:
Cape Town