Example 5.2 (Design for torsion with shear) The 8.5m span beam shown in figure ES.2a & b carries a monolithic slab cantilevering 1.8m past the beam centre line, as shown in the section, The resulting L beam supports a live load of 13 kN/m along the beam centre line plus 2.4 KN/m? uniformly distributed over the upper slab surface. The effective depth to the flexural steel centroid is 550 mm, and the distance form the beam surfaces to the centroid of stirrup steel is 35mm. Material strengths are fy = 35 MPa and f, = 410 MPa, Design the torsional and shear reinforcement for the beam, 18m 1.65m_ Ta my paecemoumesssesessa) 6] 50M) : a ra : 600mm (a) (b) Soom Fig, E 5.2 Solution: Dead load due to self wt. of slab = 25*0.15*1,65 =DL = 6.19kN/m Live load from slab = 2.4*1.65 =>LL = 3.96kN/m ULS load, Pa= 1.3DL + L6LL = 1.3*6.19+1,6*3.96 = 14.38kN/m at 0.97m eccentricity While the beam carries directly DL = 25*0.3*0.6 = 4.5kN/m LL= 13 +2.4#0,3 = 13.72kNim ULS load, Pa= 1.3 +2.4*0.3 = 13.72 = 27.80kN/m Total UDdL on the bam = 42,18kN/m Associated torque, t = 14.38*0.975 = 14.0.2kNmv/m_ At the face of the column42.18 *8.5 ~The design shear foree, Vos= "S"S° = 179.2740 14,02 *8,5 14.02 "8.5 _ 59 sox) - The design torsional moment, Tui 2 _ Vaa(kNm) TakNm) 179.27] 59.50 PRE 3.7m emer uence 4.25m The values Of Vsand Tss at the critical design section, a distance d from the column face, are: vod = 179.27 * 32. = 156.07kN 425 5 37 Tsd = 59,59 * 1.884Nm Torsional resistance of concrete fro pure torsion: Te 1.2fetdAefher 0.21*(35)° 1s = 1.498MPa 300* 600 u — 2(300+600) = 100mm Age= Xayo= (300-100)(600-100)= 200*500 = 100000mm? Te = 1.2*1.498N/mm? *100000mm? * 100mm *10% =T. 17.976KNm Resistance of concrete for pure direct shear: Ve = 0.25faakikabud Assume ki= 1+50%gnin= 1+50* 2% = 1.073 410 K2=16-d210 = 1.6 ~0.55 = 1.0525 * 1,498 * 1.073 * 1,05 * 300 * 550 * 107 = 69. 62kN ‘The reduction factors for (@ Torsion: Bre= 156.07/69.62 2.24 _ = = 0.7767 T/T, 51.88/17.976 2.886 | __-o.19 V1+0.7767" Shear : Bu= all. Vi IV, I > Pe= ———— = 061 oe (0.7767)° ©. Torsional shear resistance Te Hence torsional reinforcement is required. 7.916 * 0.79 = 14.20kNm<< Tea Torsional resistance for diagonal compression. For pure torsion, T ra = 0.80 faa Aerher Tre = 0.80 * CE )105* 100" 10-6 =158.67kNm For pure direct shear: Vra= 0.25 fea bud = 0,25 * 19.83 * 300 * 550 * 10° =818.125KN. ‘The reduction factors: For torsion, [i= a! Vea y> OG Thaa156,07/818.125 _ 0.191 Veg Veg 2.191 _ 9 595 Tg / Teg S188/158.67 0.32" p= —+—086 Vi+058° For direct shear, jo 0.504 fala 0.583 Torsional resistance fio diagonal compression Tra = Br Tea = 0.86 * 158.67 = 136.46kNm Since Tra > Tsa (136.46 > 51.88) the cross section is adequate size for the given concrete strength, Additional stirrups required due to torsional shear Aleg = PS 2x,y,colO( Xoyo = Aer= 105mm? Ley, = 410 «356 5MPa 7 115 Assuming 6 6 stirrups. Aue = a 28mm? 2A Arg fycOlO 1. Spacing of stirrups, $ = Assume @ = 45" 2*10° #28*356.5*cot4s" 51.88*10° =38.48mm Spacing is increased if 8 stirrups are used m8 4 Ateg = = SOmmm* 304 38. 48mm = 687mm 28 Use 6 8 stirrups e/e 60mm (additional stirrups used to resist torsional shear) Additional longitudinal bars due to torsional shear._ 51.88* (200 +500) , Along = A) # cot 45° #10° 200*500*356.5 Atong = 1018,68mm? = 1019mm? 1019 18 = —— = 4.01 ON8e os4 = Use 4 $18 bars placed on mid-sides of the beam. 44 18 for torsional shear . 7 reinforcement only a