TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES-

TAGUIG

RATE OF CHANGE PROBLEMS WITH SOLUTIONS

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Subject

DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS 1

Submitted to:

Maracris M. Lappay
Technological University of the Philippines
Taguig City

Submitted by:

Portugal, Trixia Lharla C.

BETET-NS-IA-T

APRIL 4, 2023
SIT

Problems and solutions

1. A car is traveling at a speed of 60 miles per hour. How far will it travel in
3 hours? Solution: The distance traveled is given by the formula d = rt, where d
is the distance, r is the rate (in this case, 60 mph), and t is the time. So, d = 60 x
3 = 180 miles.
2. The temperature of a room is decreasing at a rate of 2 degrees Celsius per
hour. If the current temperature is 25 degrees Celsius, what will the temperature
be after 5 hours? Solution: The new temperature will be 25 - (2 x 5) = 15
degrees Celsius.
3. A rectangular prism has a length of 6 meters, a width of 4 meters, and a
height of 3 meters. If the length is increasing at a rate of 2 meters per second, at
what rate is the volume of the prism increasing? Solution: The volume of a
rectangular prism is given by V = lwh. So, V = 6 x 4 x 3 = 72 cubic meters.
Differentiating both sides with respect to time t, we get dV/dt = (dw/dt) x l x h +
(dl/dt) x w x h + (dh/dt) x l x w. Since only dl/dt is given, we have dV/dt = (2)
(4)(3) = 24 cubic meters per second.
4. A ball is thrown straight up into the air from a height of 5 feet with an
initial velocity of 30 feet per second. What is the maximum height the ball
reaches? Solution: The height of the ball is given by the formula h = -16t^2 + vt
+ s, where h is the height, t is the time, v is the initial velocity, and s is the initial
height. Setting h to zero, we get -16t^2 + 30t + 5 = 0. Solving for t using the
quadratic formula, we get t = 1.45 seconds. Substituting t into the height
formula, we get h = -16(1.45)^2 + 30(1.45) + 5 = 44.05 feet.
5. A conical tank has a radius of 5 meters and a height of 10 meters. If water
is being poured into the tank at a rate of 3 cubic meters per minute, at what rate
is the water level rising when the water is 8 meters deep? Solution: The volume
of a cone is given by V = (1/3)πr^2h. Differentiating both sides with respect to
time t, we get dV/dt = (1/3)π(2rh)(dr/dt) + (1/3)πr^2(dh/dt). Since dr/dt is zero
(the radius is constant), we have dV/dt = (1/3)πr^2(dh/dt). At the moment when
the water is 8 meters deep, we have h = 8 meters and V = (1/3)π(5^2)(8) =
209.44 cubic meters. So, dV/dt = 3 cubic meters per minute, and r = 5 meters.
Solving for dh/dt, we get dh/dt = (3 / ((1/3)π(5^2))) = 0.076 m/min.
6. A sphere has a radius of 3 cm. If the radius is increasing at a rate of 0.5
cm/min, what is the rate of change of the volume of the sphere?
Solution:
The volume of a sphere is V = (4/3)πr^3, where r is the radius. The rate of
change of the volume is dV/dt = 4πr^2(dr/dt), where dr/dt is the rate of change
of the radius. At the given radius of 3 cm, the volume is V = (4/3)π(3 cm)^3 =
36π/3 cubic cm. Thus, the rate of change of the volume is dV/dt = 4π(3
cm)^2(0.5 cm/min) = 18π cubic cm/min.

1 | TM 601
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7. A ladder is 20 feet long and is leaning against a wall. If the bottom of the
ladder is sliding away from the wall at a rate of 3 ft/s, how fast is the top of the
ladder sliding down the wall when the bottom of the ladder is 12 feet from the
wall?
Solution:
Let x be the distance between the bottom of the ladder and the wall, and let y be
the height of the ladder on the wall. Then, we have x^2 + y^2 = 20^2.
Differentiating with respect to time, we have 2x(dx/dt) + 2y(dy/dt) = 0, where
dx/dt = -3 ft/s (since the bottom of the ladder is sliding
8. A ball is thrown straight up from the ground with an initial velocity of 80 ft/s.
What is the maximum height reached by the ball and how long does it take to
reach that height?
Solution:
The height of the ball at time t is given by h(t) = 80t - 16t^2, where t is the time
in seconds. To find the maximum height, we need to find the time at which the
velocity of the ball is zero. The velocity of the ball at time t is given by v(t) = 80
- 32t. Setting v(t) = 0, we get t = 2.5 seconds. Thus, the maximum height is
h(2.5) = 80(2.5) - 16(2.5)^2 = 100 ft. To find how long it takes to reach that
height, we need to find the time when h(t) = 100 ft. Solving h(t) = 100, we get t
= 5 seconds. Therefore, it takes 5 seconds to reach the maximum height of 100
ft.
9. A street light is located at the top of a 15 ft tall pole. If a woman 6 ft tall
walks away from the pole at a rate of 5 ft/s, how fast is the tip of her shadow
moving when she is 40 ft from the pole?
Solution:
Let x be the distance from the woman to the base of the pole, and let y be the
length of her shadow. Then, we have y/x = 15/6. Differentiating with respect to
time, we have (dy/dt)/x - y(dx/dt)/x^2 = 0, where dx/dt = 5 ft/s (since the
woman is walking away from the pole). At the given distance of 40 ft, the
length of the shadow is y = (15/6) x 40 = 100 ft. Thus, the rate of change of the
length of the shadow is (dy/dt) = (y(dx/dt)/x^2) = (100 ft x 5 ft/s)/(40 ft)^2 =
0.625 ft/s.
10. A water tank in the shape of a cone has a radius of 6 ft and a height of 10 ft.
If the water level is decreasing at a rate of 0.5 ft/min, what is the rate of change
of the volume of water in the tank when the water level is 8 ft from the bottom?
Solution:
The volume of a cone is V = (1/3)πr^2h, where r is the radius and h is the
height. The rate of change of the volume is dV/dt = (1/3)π(2rhdr/dt + r^2dh/dt),
where dr/dt is the rate of change of the radius and dh/dt is the rate of change of
the height. At the given height of 8 ft, the radius is r = (8/10) x 6 ft = 4.8 ft.
Thus, the rate of change of the volume is dV/dt = (1/3)π(2 x 4.8 ft x 6 ft x 0
ft/min + (4.8 ft)^2(-0.5 ft/min)) = -12.8π ft^3/min.

2 | TM 601
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3 | TM 601