HISTORY and its Definition

and
Historical Sources
What Is History?

“history” is the sum total an account of the

of everything that has past—i.e., the books,
actually happened in the articles, films, and
past—every thought, lectures we encounter
every action, every event in school
THE LANDSCAPE OF HISTORY
Try to visualize yourself walking at night amidst a rugged landscape punctuated by
dramatic peaks and valleys. As you walk a companion turns on a powerful searchlight that
illuminates some of the recesses and promontories formerly veiled in darkness. As the light
moves, the previously lighted objects disappear from view and new features of the
landscape appear. You want to see the entire landscape spread before your eyes, but the
beam of light, narrow and imperfect, lets you see only a tiny fraction of the reality before
you at any given time. When the light is turned off, you can see nothing at all. The peaks
and valleys and forests are still there, and remain there, awaiting other beams, projected
from other angles, to reveal their features.
What Is History?
Past-As-It-Actually-Happened Historians’ Accounts of that past
(history in the first sense) (history in the second sense)

“history” is the sum total of an account of the past—i.e.,

everything that has actually the books, articles, films, and
happened in the past—every lectures we encounter in
thought, every action, every event school
Kasaysayan VS History
Kasaysayan History

Isang salaysay na may saysay Historya bilang kronika. Ang

hinggil sa nakaraan na may pinakabuod ng mga
saysay para sa isang grupo ng tao pagkakasunud-sunod ng mga
pangyayari sa nakaraan
Relevance of History
▰ History provides us a sense of our own identity.
▰ History helps us better understand the present.
▰ History-good history-is a corrective for misleading analogies and “lessons” of the
past.
▰ History enables us to understand the tendencies of humankind, social institutions,
and all aspects of human conditions.
▰ History can help one develop tolerance and open mindedness.
▰ History provides the basic background for many disciplines.
▰ History can be entertainment.
▰ The careful study of history teachers one many critical skills 7
Kasaysayan ng Kasaysayan

Kasaysayan

Historya

Bagong Kasaysayan
8
SOURCES of
HISTORICAL DATA
PRIMARY SOURCES

• written or
• unwritten

Diary of Anne Frank

10
SECONDARY SOURCES
• written or
• unwritten

Encyclopedias
11
Written Sources of History Non-Written Sources of History

1. Narrative or literary, 1. The material and

2. Diplomatic or juridical and 2. Oral evidence.
3. Social documents
Kaparaanan ng Kasaysayan

Pagtatanong: Pagpili ng Paksa

Pangangalap ng Batis

Pagsusuri ng Batis
13