Revision Session I – End Semester Examination

SCH 0201 – Introductory Chemistry.

Question no. 01

a.) The following table gives numbers of electrons, protons, and neutrons in atoms or ions of a
number of elements. Answer the following:

(1) Which of the species are neutral?

(2) Which are negatively charged?

(3) Which are positively charged?

(4) What are the conventional symbols for all the species?

b.) Write the atomic symbol (AZX) for each of the isotopes described below.

1. The element with number of protons =27 and number of neutrons=31 ................................

2. The isotope of boron with mass number 10 - . ...................................

3. The element with Z =12 and A = 23 - . .......................................

4. The element with atomic number = 53 and number of neutrons = 79 - . .......................

5. The element with Z = 9 and number of neutrons =10 - ...........................................

c.) State whether the following statements are true or false.
For the false statements, correct them.

a. All particles in the nucleus of an atom are charged. (…………………)

b. The atom is best described as a uniform sphere of matter in which electrons are embedded.
(………………………….)

c. The mass of the nucleus is only a very small fraction of the mass of the entire atom.
(……………………….)

d. The volume of the nucleus is only a very small fraction of the total volume of the atom.
(………………….)

e. The number of neutrons in a neutral atom must equal the number of electrons (………………)

Question no. 02

Chloral hydrate (C2H3Cl3O2) is a drug formerly used as a sedative and hypnotic. It is the
compound used to make “Mickey Finns” in detective stories.

a. Calculate the molar mass of chloral hydrate.

b. What amount (moles) of C2H3Cl3O2 molecules are in 500.0 g chloral hydrate?

c. What is the mass in grams of 2.0×10-2 mol chloral hydrate?

d. What number of chlorine atoms are in 5.0 g chloral hydrate?

e. What mass of chloral hydrate would contain 1.0 g Cl?

f. What is the mass of exactly 500 molecules of chloral hydrate?

Question no. 03

a.) A carbon–oxygen double bond in a certain organic molecule absorbs radiation that has a
frequency of 6.0 × 1013 s-1.

1. What is the wavelength of this radiation?

2. To what region of the spectrum does this radiation belong?

3. What is the energy of this radiation per photon? Per mole of photons?

4. A carbon–oxygen bond in a different molecule absorbs radiation with frequency equal to

5.4 ×1013 s-1 . Is this radiation more or less energetic?

b.) An electron is excited from the n = 1 ground state to the n = 3 state in a hydrogen atom. State
whether the following statements are true or false.

Correct the false statements to make them true.

a. It takes more energy to ionize (completely remove) the electron from n = 3 than from the
ground state. (…………………………..)

b. The electron is farther from the nucleus on average in the n = 3 state than in the n 1
state.(……………………………………)

c. The wavelength of light emitted if the electron drops from n = 3 to n = 2 will be shorter than
the wavelength of light emitted if the electron falls from n= 3 to n= 1. (………………………)

d. The wavelength of light emitted when the electron returns to the ground state from n= 3 will
be the same as the wavelength of light absorbed to go from n = 1 to n = 3.
(……………………….)

e. For n = 3, the electron is in the first excited state. (………………………………)

c.) Which of the following sets of quantum numbers are not allowed? For each incorrect set, state
why it is incorrect.

Question no. 04

a.) Match the descriptions [(a)–(h)] with each of the following elements:

P, Cu, Kr, Sb, Cs, Al, Sr, Cl.

(a) A transition metal - …………………

(b) a nonmetal that is involved to form phosphate anion- - …………………………

(c) a noble gas - …………………….

(d) an alkali metal - ……………………..

(e) a metal that forms a 13 ion - …………………………….

(f) a metalloid - …………………………..

(g) an element that exists as a diatomic gas molecule - ………………………………

(h) an alkaline earth metal. - …………………………………….

b.) . For each of the following groups, place the atoms and/or ions in order of decreasing size.
Question no. 05

a.) Some plant fertilizer compounds are (NH4)2SO4, Ca3(PO4)2, K2O, P2O5, and KCl.

Which of these compounds contain both ionic and covalent bonds?

b.) One of the first drugs to be approved for use in treatment of acquired immune deficiency
syndrome (AIDS) was azidothymidine (AZT).

Complete the Lewis structure for AZT.

a. How many carbon atoms are sp3 hybridized?

b. How many carbon atoms are sp2 hybridized?

c. Which atom is sp hybridized?

d. How many sigma bonds are in the molecule?

e. How many pi bonds are in the molecule?

f. What is the hybridization of the oxygen atom in the OCH2OH group?