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Chapter 06
Data: Business Intelligence
True / False Questions
1. Information granularity refers to the extent of detail within the information (fine and detailed,
or coarse and abstract).
True False
2. Information quality refers to the extent of detail within the information (fine and detailed, or
coarse and abstract).
True False
6-1
Copyright © 2018 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of
McGraw-Hill Education.
3. Organizational information has three characteristics including levels, formats, and
granularities.
True False
4. The four primary traits of the value of information include type, timeliness, quality, and
governance.
True False
5. Organizational information has three characteristics including timeliness, quality, and

governance.
True False
6. The four primary traits of the value of information include levels, formats, granularities, and
type.
True False
7. There are only two main primary traits that help you determine the value of information
including timeliness and quality.
True False
8. If a manager identifies numerous information integrity issues he should consider the reports
generated from that data as invalid and not use them when making decisions.
True False
9. Real-time information refers to the extent of detail within the information (fine and detailed,
True False
10. Information granularity means immediate, up-to-date information.
True False
6-2
11. Real-time systems provide real-time information in response to requests.
True False
12. Information integrity issues occur when the same data element has different values.
True False
13. Information integrity issues occur when a system produces incorrect, inconsistent, or
duplicate data.
True False
14. Data governance refers to the overall management of the availability, usability, integrity, and
security of company data.
True False
15. Transactional information is used when performing operational tasks and repetitive decisions
such as analyzing daily sales reports and production schedules to determine how much
inventory to carry.
True False
16. Timely information must be up-to-the-second to be accurate.
True False
17. Organizational information comes at the same level, formats and granularities.
True False
18. Reports for each sales person, product, and part are examples of detail (or fine) information
granularities.
True False
6-3
19. Master data management (MDM) is the practice of gathering data and ensuring that it is
uniform, accurate, consistent, and complete, including such entities as customers, suppliers,
products, sales, employees, and other critical entities that are commonly integrated across
organizational systems. MDM is commonly included in data governance.
True False
20. Data governance is the practice of gathering data and ensuring that it is uniform, accurate,
consistent, and complete, including such entities as customers, suppliers, products, sales,
employees, and other critical entities that are commonly integrated across organizational
systems.
True False
21. Accurate information asks if there is an incorrect value in the information.
True False
22. Complete information asks if there is a value missing from the information.
True False
23. Consistent information asks if the aggregate or summary information in agreement with
detailed information.
True False
24. Timely information asks if the information current with respect to the business needs.
True False
25. Unique information asks if each transaction and event represented only once in the
information.
True False
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26. Complete information asks if there is an incorrect value in the information.
True False
27. Consistent information asks if there is a value missing from the information.
True False
28. Accurate information asks if the aggregate or summary information in agreement with
True False
29. Unique information asks if the information current with respect to the business needs.
True False
30. Timely information asks if each transaction and event represented only once in the
information.
True False
31. Determining if there are any duplicate customers in the data is an example of a unique
characteristic of high-quality information.
True False
32. Determining if all total columns equal the true total of the individual item is an example of a
consistent characteristic of high-quality information.
True False
33. A data steward is responsible for ensuring the policies and procedures are implemented
across the organization and acts as a liaison between the MIS department and the business.
True False
6-5
34. Data stewardship is the management and oversight of an organization's data assets to help
provide business users with high-quality data that is easily accessible in a consistent
manner.
True False
35. Data latency includes the tests and evaluations used to determine compliance with data
governance polices to ensure correctness of data.
True False
36. Data validation includes the tests and evaluations used to determine compliance with data
True False
37. Data validation helps to ensure that every data value is correct and accurate. In Microsoft
Word, you can use data validation to control the type of data or the values that users enter
into a cell.
True False
38. Identity management is the practice of gathering data and ensuring that it is uniform,
accurate, consistent, and complete, including such entities as customers, suppliers, products,
sales, employees, and other critical entities that are commonly integrated across
organizational systems.
True False
39. A data gap analysis occurs when a company examines its data to determine if it can meet
business expectations, while identifying possible data gaps or where missing data might
exist.
True False
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40. Determining if a name is spelled correctly is an example of an accurate characteristic of high-
quality information.
True False
41. Determining if information is updated weekly, daily, or hourly is an example of an accurate

True False
42. A foreign key is a field (or group of fields) that uniquely identifies a given entity in a table.
True False
43. The core component of any system, regardless of size, is a database and a database
management system.
True False
44. MMSDB creates, reads, updates, and deletes data in a database while controlling access and
security.
True False
45. A foreign key provides details about data.
True False
46. There are three primary data models for organizing information including the hierarchical,
network, and relational database models.
True False
47. A data element (or data field) is the smallest or basic unit of information.
True False
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48. Data elements can include a customer's name, address, email, discount rate, preferred
shipping method, product name, quantity ordered, and so on.
True False
49. Data models are logical data structures that detail the relationships among data elements by
using graphics or pictures.
True False
50. Metadata provides details about data. For example, metadata for an image could include its
size, resolution, and date created.
True False
51. A data dictionary compiles all of the metadata about the data elements in the data model.
True False
52. Relational database models store information in the form of logically related two-dimensional
tables.
True False
53. Relational database management system sallow users to create, read, update, and delete
data in a relational database.
True False
54. Attributes (also called columns or fields) are the data elements associated with an entity.
True False
55. A record is a collection of related data elements.
True False
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56. Primary key is a field (or group of fields) that uniquely identifies a given record in a table.
True False
57. Foreign key is a primary key of one table that appears as an attribute in another table and
acts to provide a logical relationship between the two tables.
True False
58. A primary key is the smallest or basic unit of information.
True False
59. Data models can include a customer's name, address, email, discount rate, preferred
True False
60. Metadata are logical data structures that detail the relationships among data elements by
True False
61. A DBMS provides details about data.
True False
62. Structured query language compiles all of the metadata about the data elements in the data
model.
True False
63. Hierarchal database model stores information in the form of logically related two-dimensional
tables.
True False
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64. Entities are the data elements associated with an attribute.
True False
65. A field is a collection of related data elements.
True False
66. A foreign key uniquely identifies a given record in a table.
True False
67. A primary key is a foreign key of one table that appears as an attribute in another table and
True False
68. Databases offer many security features including passwords to provide authentication,
access levels to determine who can access the data, and access controls to determine what
type of access they have to the information.
True False
69. Information redundancy is the duplication of data, or the storage of the same data in multiple
places.
True False
70. Relational databases offer many advantages over using a text document or a spreadsheet,
which include decreased flexibility and decreased scalability and performance.
True False
71. The physical view of information deals with the physical storage of information on a storage
device.
True False
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72. The logical view of information focuses on how individual users logically access information
to meet their own particular business needs.
True False
73. The logical view of information deals with the physical storage of information on a storage
device.
True False
74. The physical view of information focuses on how individual users logically access information
to meet their own particular business needs.
True False
75. A business rule defines how a company performs certain aspects of its business and typically
results in either a yes/no or true/false answer.
True False
76. A business catalog defines how a company performs certain aspects of its business and
typically results in either a yes/no or true/false answer.
True False
77. Information redundancy is the duplication of data, or the storage of the same data in multiple
places.
True False
78. Information integrity is a measure of the quality of information.
True False
79. Integrity constraints are rules that help ensure the quality of information.
True False
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80. Relational integrity constraints are rules that enforce basic and fundamental information-
based constraints.
True False
81. Information constraints is a measure of the quality of information.
True False
82. Information integrity are rules that help ensure the quality of information.
True False
83. Relationship integrity criteria are rules that enforce basic and fundamental information-based
constraints.
True False
84. Master data management is a broad administrative area that deals with identifying
individuals in a system (such as a country, a network, or an enterprise) and controlling their
access to resources within that system by associating user rights and restrictions with the
established identity.
True False
85. Data latency is the time it takes for data to be stored or retrieved.
True False
86. Relational integrity constraints enforce business rules vital to an organization's success and
often require more insight and knowledge than relational integrity constraints.
True False
87. Business critical integrity constraints enforce business rules vital to an organization's
success and often require more insight and knowledge than relational integrity constraints.
True False
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88. One of the advantages found in a relational database is increased information redundancy.
True False
based constraints.
True False
90. A data-driven website can help limit the amount of information displayed to customers based
on unique search requirements.
True False
91. Data-driven websites offer several advantages as it is far easier to manage content and store
large amounts of data.
True False
92. A content creator is the person responsible for creating the original website content.
True False
93. A content creator is the person responsible for updating and maintaining website content.
True False
94. A content editor is the person responsible for updating and maintaining website content.
True False
95. Static information includes fixed data incapable of change in the event of a user action.
True False
96. Static information includes data that changes based on user actions.
True False
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97. Dynamic information includes data that change based on user actions.
True False
98. Dynamic website information is stored in a dynamic catalog, or an area of a website that
stores information about products in a database.
True False
99. A data-driven website is an interactive website kept constantly updated and relevant to the
needs of its customers using a database.
True False
100.A central location in which data is stored and managed is called a data mart.
True False
101.A repository is a central location in which data is stored and managed.
True False
102.A data mart contains a subset of data warehouse information.
True False
103.Data aggregation is the collection of data from various sources for the purpose of data
processing.
True False
104.One example of a data aggregation is to gather information about particular groups based on
specific variables such as age, profession, or income.
True False
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105.The complete removal of dirty data from a source is practical and possible.
True False
106.According to Gartner Inc., dirty data is an MIS problem, not a business problem.
True False
107.Dirty data is erroneous or flawed data.
True False
108.A repository is a central location in which data is stored and managed.
True False
109.A data warehouse is a central location in which data is stored and managed.
True False
110.A data warehouse is a logical collection of information, gathered from many different
operational databases, that supports business analysis activities and decision-making tasks.
True False
111.Data warehouses struggle with combining too much standardized information.
True False
112.The primary purpose of a data warehouse is to perform transactional processes.
True False
113.The primary purpose of a data warehouse is to perform analytical process.
True False
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114.Within the data warehouse model, the internal databases could include marketing, sales,
inventory, and billing.
True False
115.A data miner contains a subset of data warehouse information.
True False
116.A data mart contains a subset of data warehouse information.
True False
117.ETL, within a data warehouse model, stands for exit, track, and load.
True False
118.ETL stands for extraction, transformation, and loading.
True False
119.Within the data warehouse model, the external databases could include competitor
information, industry information and stock market analysis.
True False
120.Dirty data is erroneous or flawed data. The complete removal of dirty data from a source is
impractical or virtually impossible.
True False
121.Information cleansing or scrubbing is a process that weeds out and fixes or discards
inconsistent, incorrect, or incomplete information.
True False
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122.Duplicate data, inaccurate data, misleading data, and incorrect data are all problems
associated with dirty data.
True False
123.Many firms complete data quality audits to determine the accuracy and completeness of its
data.
True False
124.A data mart is the process of analyzing data to extract information not offered by the raw
data alone.
True False
125.Information cleansing or scrubbing is a process that weeds out and fixes or discards
True False
126.In a data warehouse, information cleansing occurs first during the ETL process and again
once the information is in the data warehouse.
True False
127.A comparative analysis can compare two or more data sets to identify patterns and trends.
True False
128.Comparative analysis can help managers with competitive monitoring where a company
keeps tabs of its competitor's activities on the Web using software that automatically tracks
all competitor website activities such as discounts and new products.
True False
129.A data set is an organized collection of data.
True False
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130.The financial industry uses business intelligence to predict hardware failures.
True False
131.The banking industry uses business intelligence to understand customer credit card usage
and nonpayment rates.
True False
132.Many organizations find themselves in the position of being data rich and information poor.
Even in today's electronic world, managers struggle with the challenge of turning their
business data into business intelligence.
True False
133.Competitive monitoring can compare two or more data sets to identify patterns and trends.
True False
134.A data broker is an individual item on a graph or a chart.
True False
135.A data lake is a business that collects personal information about consumers and sells that
information to other organizations.
True False
136.A data lake is a storage repository that holds a vast amount of raw data in its original format
until the business needs it.
True False
137.While a traditional data warehouse stores data in files or folders, a data lake uses a flat
architecture to store data.
True False
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138.Source data identifies the primary location where data is collected. It can include invoices,
spreadsheets, time-sheets, transactions, and electronic sources such as other databases.
True False
139.Business intelligence is an approach to business governance that values decisions that can
be backed up with verifiable data.
True False
140.Effective data-driven decision management is reliant upon the quality of the data gathered
and the effectiveness of its analysis and interpretation.
True False
141.A data map is a technique for establishing a match, or balance, between the source data and
the target data warehouse.
True False
142.A data point is an individual item on a graph or chart.
True False
143.Organizational data includes simple structured data elements in a database.
True False
144.A data set is an individual item on a graph or chart.
True False
145.A data set is an organized collection of data.
True False
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146.Big Data is a collection of large, complex data sets, including structured and unstructured
data, which can't be analyzed using traditional database methods and tools.
True False
147.The four common characteristics of Big Data include variety, veracity, volume, velocity.
True False
148.Variety includes different forms of structured and unstructured data.
True False
149.Veracity includes the uncertainty of data, including biases, noise, and abnormalities.
True False
150.Volume includes the scale of data.
True False
151.Velocity includes the analysis of streaming data as it travels around the Internet.
True False
152.Velocity includes different forms of structured and unstructured data.
True False
153.Volume includes the uncertainty of data, including biases, noise, and abnormalities.
True False
154.Distributed computing processes and manages algorithms across many machines in a

computing environment.
True False
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155.Advanced analytics focuses on forecasting future trends and producing insights using
sophisticated quantitative methods, including statistics, descriptive and predictive data
mining, simulation, and optimization.
True False
156.Distributed computing focuses on forecasting future trends and producing insights using
True False
157.Association detection reveals the relationship between variables along with the nature and
frequency of the relationship.
True False
158.Association detection is a technique used to divide information sets into mutually exclusive
groups such that the members of each group are as close together as possible to one
another and the different groups are as far apart as possible.
True False
159.Data mining occurs on structured data that are already in a database or a spreadsheet.
True False
160.Prediction is a statement about what will happen or might happen in the future, for example,
predicting future sales or employee turnover.
True False
161.Optimization is a statistical process that finds the way to make a design, system, or decision
as effective as possible, for example, finding the values of controllable variables that
determine maximal productivity or minimal waste.
True False
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162.Time-series information is time-stamped information collected at a particular frequency.
True False
163.Forecasts are predictions based on time-series information.
True False
164.Regression is a statistical process for estimating the relationships among variables. It

includes many techniques for modeling and analyzing several variables when the focus is on
the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables.
True False
165.Regression is a statement about what will happen or might happen in the future, for example,
predicting future sales or employee turnover.
True False
166.Prediction is a statistical process that finds the way to make a design, system, or decision as
effective as possible, for example, finding the values of controllable variables that determine
maximal productivity or minimal waste.
True False
167.Regression is a prediction based on time-series information.
True False
168.Optimization is a statistical process for estimating the relationships among variables.
True False
169.Classification assigns records to one of a predefined set of classes.
True False
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170.Estimation determines values for an unknown continuous variable behavior or estimated
future value.
True False
171.Affinity grouping determine which things go together.
True False
172.Clustering segments a heterogeneous population of more homogeneous subgroups.
True False
173.Clustering assigns records to one of a predefined set of classes.
True False
174.Affinity determines values for an unknown continuous variable behavior or estimated future
value.
True False
175.Estimation determine which things go together.
True False
176.Classification segments a heterogeneous population of more homogeneous subgroups.
True False
177.Data-mining tools use a variety of techniques to find patterns and relationships in large
volumes of information that predict future behavior and guide decision making.
True False
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178.Infographics (information graphics) displays information graphically so it can be easily
understood.
True False
179.Infographics can present the results of large data analysis looking for patterns and
relationships that monitor changes in variables over time.
True False
180.Web mining analysis describes technologies that allow users to "see" or visualize data to
transform information into a business perspective.
True False
181.Analysis paralysis occurs when the user goes into an emotional state of over-analysis (or
over-thinking) a situation so that a decision or action is never taken, in effect paralyzing the
outcome.
True False
182.A data artist is a business analytics specialist who uses visual tools to help people
understand complex data.
True False
183.Advanced analytics processes and manages algorithms across many machines in a

True False
184.Association detection occurs when the user goes into an emotional state of over-analysis (or
over-thinking) a situation so that a decision or action is never taken, in effect paralyzing the
outcome.
True False
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185.A data miner is a business analytics specialist who uses visual tools to help people
True False
186.Social media analytics analyzes text flowing across the Internet, including unstructured text
from blogs and messages.
True False
187.Speech analytics is the process of analyzing recorded calls to gather information; brings
structure to customer interactions and exposes information buried in customer contact
center interactions with an enterprise.
True False
188.Speech analytics is heavily used in the customer service department to help improve
processes by identifying angry customers and routing them to the appropriate customer
service representative.
True False
189.Text analytics analyzes unstructured data to find trends and patterns in words and
sentences. Text mining a firm's customer support email might identify which customer
service representative is best able to handle the question, allowing the system to forward it
to the right person.
True False
190.Web analytics analyzes unstructured data associated with websites to identify consumer
behavior and website navigation.
True False
191.Web analytics analyzes unstructured data to find trends and patterns in words and
sentences.
True False
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192.Social media analytics analyzes unstructured data associated with websites to identify
consumer behavior and website navigation.
True False
193.Data visualization tools move beyond Excel graphs and charts into sophisticated analysis
techniques such as pie charts, controls, instruments, maps, time-series graphs, and more.
True False
194.Data visualization tools can help uncover correlations and trends in data that would
otherwise go unrecognized.
True False
Multiple Choice Questions
195.Employees need to compare different types of information for what they commonly reveal to
make strategic decisions. Which of the below represents the three common types of
information found throughout an organization?
A. Levels, forms, granularities

B. Levels, forms, data
C. Levels, formats, granularities
D. Data, formats, granularities
196.Which of the following represents the different information levels?
A. Detail, summary, aggregate

B. Document, presentation, spreadsheet, database
C. Individual, department, enterprise
D. Executives, managers, operational employees
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197.Which of the following represents the different information formats?

198.Which of the following represents the different information granularities?

199.Which of the following is not a primary trait of information?
A. Governance
B. Type
C. Timeliness
D. Quantity
200.What encompasses all of the information contained within a single business process or unit
of work and its primary purpose is to support the performing of daily operational tasks?
A. Transactional information
B. Analytical information
C. Timeliness
D. Quality
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201.What encompasses all organizational information, and its primary purpose is to support the
performing of managerial analysis tasks?
C. Timeliness
D. Quality
202.What is immediate, up-to-date information?
A. Real-time information
B. Real-time systems
C. Information granularity
D. Information governance
203.What provides real-time information in response to query requests?
C. Information level
D. Information quality
204.What is one of the biggest pitfalls associated with real-time information?
A. It is only available to high-level executives due to the expense.

B. It is only available in aggregate levels of granularity.
C. It continually changes.
D. It rarely changes.
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205.Which of the following is not one of the five characteristics common to high-quality
information?
A. Accuracy
B. Completeness
C. Quantity
D. Consistency
206.What is a real-time system?
A. Provides immediate, up-to-date information

B. Provides real-time information in response to query requests
C. Encompasses all organization information, and its primary purpose is to support the
performing of managerial analysis tasks
D. Encompasses all of the information contained within a single business process or unit of
work, and its primary purpose is to support the performing of daily operational tasks
207.Which of the following implies that aggregate or summary information is in agreement with
detailed information?
A. Uniqueness
B. Completeness
C. Consistency
D. Accuracy
208.Which of the following implies that information is current with respect to the business
requirement?
A. Uniqueness
B. Accuracy
C. Consistency
D. Timeliness
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209.What is it called when each transaction, entity, and event is represented only once in the
information?
A. Uniqueness
B. Accuracy
C. Consistency
D. Timeliness
210.Which of the following refers to the extent of detail within the information?
A. Knowledge information
B. Information granularity
C. Chance information
D. Information analytics
211.Which of the following represent the four primary traits that help determine the value of
information?
A. Information type, information timeliness, information quality, and information governance

B. Information statistics, information tracking, information quality, and information
governance
C. Information type, information chance, information analytics, and information policy
D. Information timeliness, information quality, information quantity, and information
governance policy
212.What are the two different categories for information type?
A. Analytical and productive

B. Analytical and analysis
C. Transactional and analytical
D. Transactional and analysis
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213.Which of the following encompasses all of the information contained within a single business
process or unit of work, and its primary purpose is to support daily operational tasks?
A. Targeted information
C. Productive information
D. Transactional information
214.Which of the following encompasses all organizational information, and its primary purpose is
to support the performing of managerial analysis tasks?
A. Analytical information
B. Transactional information
C. Statistical information
D. Targeted information
215.Ben works at a top accounting firm in Salt Lake City, and his responsibilities include writing
letters, memos, and emails along with generating reports for financial analysis and marketing
materials for products. Ben's duties provide value-added to his company and would be
categorized as occurring at the different information _____________.
A. lists
B. formats
C. granularities
D. focus
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216.Ben works at a top accounting firm in Salt Lake City, and his responsibilities include
developing individual and departmental goals, and generating financial analysis across
departments and the enterprise as a whole for the executive team to review. Ben's duties
provide value-added to his company and would be categorized as occurring at the different
information _____________.
A. levels
B. formulas
C. granularities
D. focus
217.Ben works at a top accounting firm in Salt Lake City, and his responsibilities include
developing reports for each salesperson, product, and part as well as departmental-wide
sales reports by salesperson, product, and part. Ben's duties provide value-added to his
company and would be categorized as occurring at the different information _____________.
A. levels
B. formats
C. granularities
D. focus
218.Which of the following refers to immediate, up-to-date information?
A. Daily information
B. Strategic information
C. Real-time information
D. Crisis information
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219.Which of the below does not represent a company that requires up-to-the-second
information?
A. 911 response
B. Stock traders
C. Banks
D. Construction companies
220.Which of the following provides real-time information in response to requests?
A. Sales system
B. Transactional system
C. Real-time system
D. Salary system
221.Which of the following are examples of transactional information?
A. Airline ticket, sales receipts, and packing slips

B. Trends and sales statistics
C. Product sales results, grocery receipts, and growth projections
D. Airline tickets and sales growth spreadsheets
222.Which of the following are examples of analytical information?

B. Hotel reservation, sales receipts, and packing slips
C. Future growth analysis, sales projections, and product statistics
D. Packing slips, grocery receipt, and competitor information
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223.Most people request real-time information without understanding that continual __________
is one of its biggest pitfalls.
A. improvements
B. change
C. clustering
D. cleansing
224.Which of the following occurs when the same data element has different values?
A. Data modeling issue

B. Data mining issue
C. Data governance issue
D. Information inconsistency issue
225.Which of the following occurs when a system produces incorrect, inconsistent, or duplicate
data?
A. Information inconsistency issue

B. Information integrity issue
C. Data control issue
D. Data mining issue
226.Which of the following lists include all of the five characteristics common to high-quality
information?
A. Accuracy, completeness, strength, support, and positive feedback

B. Accuracy, association, referral, sales, and marketing
C. Accuracy, competition, support, customer service, and visibility
D. Accuracy, completeness, consistency, timeliness, and uniqueness
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227.Which of the following would not be considered part of the complete characteristic of high-
quality information?
A. Is a value missing from the personal information?

B. Is each transaction represented only once in the information?
C. Is the address incomplete?
D. Is the area code missing for the phone information?
228.Which of the following would not be considered part of the timely characteristic of high-
A. Is the zip code missing in the address?

B. Is the information current with respect to business needs?
C. Is the customer address current?
D. Is the information updated weekly or hourly?
229.Which of the following would not be considered part of the accurate characteristic of high-
A. Is the name spelled correctly?

B. Is the email address invalid?
C. Does the name and the phone values have the exact same information?
D. Is aggregate information in agreement with detailed information?
230.Which of the following would not be considered part of the unique characteristic of high-
A. Are there any duplicate orders?

B. Are there any duplicate customers?
C. Is aggregate information in agreement with detailed information?
D. Is each transaction and event represented only once in the information?
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231.Which of the following would not be considered part of the consistent characteristic of high-
A. Do all sales columns equal the total for the revenue column?
B. Is the two digit state code missing in the information?
C. Is all summary information in agreement with detailed information?
D. Does the order number match the item and the color options available?
232.Which of the following represents a reason for low-quality information?
A. Online customers intentionally enter inaccurate information to protect the privacy.

B. Different systems have different information entry standards and formats.
C. Third-party and external information contains inaccuracies and errors.
D. All of these choices
233.Some of the serious business consequences that occur due to using low-quality information
to make decisions are all of the following except:
A. Inability to accurately track customers

B. Inability to identify selling opportunities
C. The success of the organization depends on appreciating and leveraging the low-quality
information
D. Lost revenue opportunities from marketing to nonexistent customers
234.What is the overall management of the availability, usability, integrity, and security of
company data?
A. Data Intelligence
B. Data governance
C. Data forbearance
D. Data forecasting
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235.What occurs when the same data element has different values?
A. Information inconsistency
B. Information integrity issues
C. Data governance
D. Master data management
236.What occurs when a system produces incorrect, inconsistent, or duplicate data?
C. Data governance
237.What refers to the overall management of the availability, usability, integrity, and security of
company data?
C. Data governance
238.What is the practice of gathering data and ensuring that it is uniform, accurate, consistent,
and complete, including such entities as customers, suppliers, products, sales, employees,
and other critical entities that are commonly integrated across organizational systems?
C. Data governance
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239.What is information inconsistency?
A. Occurs when the same data element has different values

B. Occurs when a system produces incorrect, inconsistent, or duplicate data
C. Refers to the overall management of the availability, usability, integrity, and security of
company data
D. The practice of gathering data and ensuring that it is uniform, accurate, consistent, and
complete, including such entities as customers, suppliers, products, sales, employees, and
other critical entities that are commonly integrated across organizational systems
240.What are information integrity issues?

company data
241.What is data governance?

company data
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242.What is master data management?

company data
243.What is a data steward responsible for?
A. Acting as a liaison between the MIS department and the business

B. Ensuring policies and procedures are implemented across the organization
C. Both acting as a liaison between the MIS department and the business and ensuring
policies and procedures are implemented across the organization
D. None of these choices
244.What is the term for the management and oversight of an organization's data assets to help
provide business users with high-quality data that is easily accessible in a consistent
manner?
A. Data steward
B. Data stewardship
C. Data gap analysis
D. Data governance
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245.What is the term for the tests and evaluations used to determine compliance with data
governance policies to ensure correctness of data?
A. Data steward
B. Data stewardship
C. Data validation
D. Data gap analysis
246.What is the term for when a company examines its data to determine if it can meet business
expectations, while identifying possible data gaps or where missing data might exist?
A. Data steward
B. Data stewardship
C. Data validation
247.What is the term for the practice of gathering data and ensuring that it is uniform, accurate,
systems?
A. Data governance
B. Master data management
C. Data validation
248.What is the term for the time it takes for data to be stored or retrieved?
A. Data governance
B. Data latency
C. Data validation
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249.What is data latency?
A. The time it takes for data to be stored or retrieved

B. The management and oversight of an organization's data assets
C. The person responsible for ensuring policies and procedures are implemented across the
organization
D. When a company examines its data to determine if it can meet business expectations,
while identifying possible data gaps
250.What is data stewardship?

organization
251.What is a data steward?

organization
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252.What is data validation?

C. The tests and evaluations used to determine compliance with data governance policies to
ensure correctness of data
253.What is data gap analysis?

254.What is master data management?

B. The practice of gathering data and ensuring that it is uniform, accurate, consistent, and
complete
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255.What maintains information about various types of objects, events, people, and places?
A. Database
B. Data model
C. Data mining
D. Data intelligence
256.A database maintains information on ___________.
A. inventory
B. transactions
C. employees
257.In the relational database model, what is a person, place, thing, transaction, or event about
which information is stored?
A. Entity
B. Relationships
C. Attribute
D. Foreign Key
258.Why do relational databases use primary keys and foreign keys?
A. To create an entity
B. To create physical relationships
C. To create logical relationships
D. To create an attribute
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259.What is a primary key?
A. A field (or group of fields) that uniquely identifies a given entity in a table
B. A primary key of one table that appears as an attribute in another table and acts to
provide a logical relationship among the two tables
C. Characteristics or properties of an entity
D. A field (or group of fields) that uniquely identifies a given attribute in a table
260.What is a foreign key?
261.Which of the following creates, reads, updates, and deletes data in a database while
controlling access and security?
A. Database element
B. Database management system
C. Data governance
D. Data File
262.Which of the following asks users to write lines of code to answer questions against a
database?
A. Structured query language

B. Relational query language
C. Structured elements
D. Data mining tools
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263.What is the primary tool that retrieves information and helps users graphically design the
answer to a question?
A. Data mining tools

B. Structured example language
C. Query-by-example tool
D. Relational query tool
264.What is the smallest or basic unit of information?
A. Database management element

B. Data element
C. Data model
D. Data integrity issue
265.What is a logical data structure that details the relationship among data elements using
graphics or pictures?
A. Data model
B. Data element
C. Data mining tool
D. Data mart tool
266.What compiles all of the metadata about the data elements in the data model?
A. Data entity
B. Data element
C. Data attribute
D. Data dictionary
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267.Which of the following systems allow users to create, read, update, and delete data in a
relational database?
A. Business intelligence system

B. Informational database system
C. Relational database management system
D. Data mining system
268.Which of the following illustrates the primary concepts of the relational database model?
A. Ethics, applications, keys, and relationships

B. Entities, attributes, keys, and relationships
C. Endeavor, aspire, control, and regulate
D. Early, after, before, and future
269.Which of the following stores information about a person, place, thing, transaction, or event,
and is usually referred to as a table?
A. Entity
B. Extraction
C. Attribute
D. Foreign key
270.What is the primary difference between an entity and an attribute?
A. An attribute is a table, an entity is a column from the attribute table.

B. An entity is specific, where as an attribute is not data at all but brainstorming ideas that
take place before the entity is created.
C. An attribute refers to applications, and an entity refers to executives.
D. An entity is a table that stores information about people, places, or events, where as an
attribute is a column or specific field of the data elements associated with an entity.
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271.What type of keys do you need to use to create a relational database model?
A. Primary keys and secondary keys

B. Primary keys and foreign keys
C. Entity keys and attribute keys
D. Relational keys and DBMS keys
272.What is a field that uniquely identifies a given record in a table?
A. Foreign key
B. Primary key
C. Data mining key
D. DBMS key
273.What is the role of a foreign key?
A. It is a primary key of one table that appears as an attribute in another table and acts to
provide a logical relationship between the two tables.
B. It is a unique way to identify each record.
C. Is a field that uniquely identifies a give record in a table.
274.Your textbook discussed a record store example where one user could perform a query to
determine which recordings had a track length of four minutes or more, and another user
could perform an analysis to determine the distribution of recordings as they relate to the
different categories. This is an advantage of which database example?
A. Increased scalability and performance

B. Increased information security
C. Reduced information redundancy
D. Increased flexibility
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275.Which of the following is a disadvantage of database-stored information?
A. Increased flexibility
B. Increased performance
C. Increased information redundancy
D. Increased information integrity
276.Which of the following is incorrect in reference to a database?
A. A database can be relational or network.

B. Database information is accessed by logical structure.
C. Database information is accessed by physical structure.
D. Database users can have different views of information.
277.What is the logical view of information?
A. Deals with the physical storage of information on a storage device such as a hard disk
B. Deals with the logical storage of information on a storage device such as a hard disk
C. Focuses on how users logically access information to meet their particular business needs
D. Focuses on how users physically access information to meet their particular business
needs
278.Which of the following is correct in reference to a database?
A. A database can support only one logical view.

B. A database can support many physical views.
C. A database can support many logical views.
D. A database can support up to three logical views.
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279.Which of the below is not an example of an advantage of using a relational database?
A. Increased information quality

B. Increased flexibility
C. Decreased information redundancy
D. Decreased information security
280.What is information redundancy?
A. Duplication of data
B. Storing the same data in multiple places
C. Storing duplicate data in multiple places
281.What is the primary problem with redundant information?
A. It is difficult to determine which values are the most current.

B. It is often inconsistent.
C. It is difficult to determine which values are the most accurate.
282.Which of the following is true in regards to the elimination of redundant information?
A. Uses additional hard disk space

B. Makes performing information updates harder
C. Improves information quality
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283.What are the rules that help ensure the quality of information?
A. Information integrity
B. Integrity constraints
C. Relational integrity constraints
D. Business-critical integrity constraints
284.What are rules that enforce basic and fundamental information-based constraints?
B. Integrity constraint
C. Business-critical integrity constraint
D. Relational integrity constraint
285.Which of the following is a valid type of integrity constraint?
A. Relational-critical integrity constraint

B. Business integrity constraint
C. Relational integrity constraint
D. Business-critical integrity constraint
286.What type of integrity constraint does not allow someone to create an order for a nonexistent
customer?
A. Relational integrity constraint

B. Business-critical integrity constraint
C. Information-critical integrity constraint
D. Mission-critical integrity constraint
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287.Which of the following is a business-critical integrity constraint?
A. System will not allow an entry for an order for a nonexistent customer.
B. System will not allow returns of fresh produce after 15 days past delivery.
C. System will not allow shipping a product to a customer who does not have a valid address.
D. Systems will not allow shipping of a nonexistent product to a customer.
288.What is identity management?
A. Enforces business rules vital to an organization's success

complete
C. A broad administrative area that deals with identifying individuals in a system and
controlling their access to resources within that system
289.What is the term for is a broad administrative area that deals with identifying individuals in a
system and controlling their access to resources within that system by associating user
rights and restrictions with the established identity?
A. Identity management
C. Data validation
D. Data latency
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290.Which of the following focuses on how individual users logically access information to meet
their own particular business needs?
A. Physical view
B. Logical view
C. Data mart view
D. Data view
291.The example the book gave of www.EllisIsland.org, which generates more than 2.5 billion
hits, is a site that offers a database that can easily adjust to handle massive volumes of
information. What is this an example of?

292.One of the primary goals of a database is to eliminate information redundancy by recording

each piece of data in only one place in the database. What does the elimination of
information redundancy do for a database?
A. Reduces disk space requirements

B. Makes updating information easier
293.What are rules that help ensure the quality of information?
C. Information quality
D. Information ethics
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294.What are the rules that enforce basic and fundamental information-based constraints?
A. Responsibly integrity constraints

B. Quality constraints
C. Web integrity constraints
D. Relational integrity constraints
295.Which of the following will enforce business rules vital to an organization's success and often
require more insight and knowledge than relational integrity constraints?
A. Quality business constraints

B. Critical Web constraints
C. Business critical integrity constraints
D. Web integrity constraints
296.What type of website is an interactive website kept constantly updated and relevant to the
needs of its customers using a database?
A. Data-driven website
B. Interactive website
C. Database performing website
D. Data processing website
297.Which of the following offers an advantage of using a data-driven website?
A. Easy to eliminate human errors

B. Easy to manage content
C. Easy to store large amounts of data
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298.Which of the below statements means the same as easy to manage content?
A. Website owners can make changes only with the aid of MIS professionals.
B. The website can't organize customer data.
C. Users can update data-driven website with little or no training.
D. Users with extensive training can update data-driven websites.
299.Which of the following is not an example of an advantage to using the Web to access
organizational databases?
A. Web browsers are much easier to use than a computer based database.
B. The Web interface requires few or no changes to the database model.
C. It is cleaner and virus-free.
D. It costs less.
300.Which of the below does not describe Zappos's database?
A. Zappos's database was high scalable

B. Zappos's database was highly flexible
C. Zappos's database was highly secure
D. Zappos's database was highly redundant
301.Which of the following is not an advantage to a data-driven website?
A. Development
B. Minimizing human error
C. Increasing update costs
D. More efficient
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302.Who is the person responsible for creating the original website content?
A. Content creator
B. Content editor
C. Static information
D. Dynamic information
303.Who is the person responsible for updating and maintaining website content?
A. Content creator
B. Content editor
304.What includes fixed data incapable of change in the event of a user action?
A. Content creator
B. Content editor
305.What includes data that change based on user actions?
A. Content creator
B. Content editor
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306.What is stored in a dynamic catalog, or an area of a website that stores information about
products in a database?
A. Dynamic website
B. Data-driven website
307.What is an interactive website kept constantly updated and relevant to the needs of its
customers using a database?
A. Dynamic website
308.What is a content creator?
A. The person responsible for creating original website content

B. The person responsible for updating and maintaining website content
C. Includes fixed data incapable of change in the event of a user action
D. Includes data that changes based on user action
309.What is a content editor?

D. Includes data that change based on user action
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310.What is static information?

311.What is dynamic information?

312.What is a dynamic website?

B. Includes data that changes based on user action
C. Information is stored in a dynamic catalog, or an area of a website that stores information
about products in a database
D. An interactive website kept constantly updated and relevant to the needs of its customers
using a database
313.What is data-driven website?

C. Information is stored in a dynamic catalog, or an area of a website that stores information
about products in a database
D. An interactive website kept constantly updated and relevant to the needs of its customers
using a database
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314.Business analysis is difficult from operational databases. Which of the following is a reason
why?
A. Every department has its own method for recording data

B. Lack of data standards across departments
C. The data, if available, were often incorrect or incomplete
315.Business analysis is difficult to achieve from operational databases. Which of the following is
not a reason why?
A. Inconsistent data definitions

B. Lack of data standards
C. Effective direct data access
D. Poor data quality
316.Which of the following is not a dirty data problem?
A. Duplicate data
B. Inaccurate data
C. Specific data
D. Non-integrated data
317.Companies can choose information cleansing software from several vendors. Which of the
following is not a vendor mentioned in your text?
A. Oracle
B. SAS
C. Ascential Software
D. McAffee
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318.What is erroneous or flawed data?
A. Data set
B. Dirty data
C. Data map
D. Data point
319.What is an organized collection of data?
A. Data set
B. Dirty data
C. Data map
D. Data point
320.What is a technique for establishing a match, or balance, between the source data and the
target data warehouse?
A. Data set
B. Dirty data
C. Data map
D. Data point
321.What is an individual item on a graph or a chart?
A. Data set
B. Dirty data
C. Data map
D. Data point
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322.What is a central location in which data is stored and managed?
A. Repository
B. Data warehouse
C. Data aggregation
D. Data broker
323.What is a collection of data from various sources for the purpose of data processing?
A. Repository
B. Data warehouse
C. Data aggregation
D. Data broker
324.What is a business that collects personal information about consumers and sells that
information to other organizations?
A. Repository
B. Data warehouse
C. Data aggregation
D. Data broker
325.__________ can compare two or more data sets to identify patterns and trends.
A. Comparative analysis
B. Competitive monitoring
C. Data-driven decision management
D. Competitive analysis
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326.BI can help managers with ___________, where a company keeps tabs of its competitor's
activities on the Web using software that automatically tracks all competitor website
activities such as discounts and new products.
A. comparative analysis
B. competitive monitoring
C. data-driven decision management
D. source data
327.Which of the following is an approach to business governance that values decisions that can
be backed up with verifiable data?
D. Source data
328.Which of the following identifies the primary location where data is collected?
D. Source data
329.What is a storage repository that holds a vast amount of raw data in its original format until
the business needs it?
A. Data broker
B. Data lake
C. Data map
D. Data point
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330.What is a data broker?
A. A business that collects personal information about consumers and sells that information
to other organizations
B. A storage repository that holds a vast amount of raw data in its original format until the
business needs it
C. A technique for establishing a match, or balance, between the source data and the target
data warehouse
D. An approach to business governance that values decisions that can be backed up with
verifiable data
331.What is a data lake?
business needs it
data warehouse
verifiable data
332.What is a data map?
business needs it
data warehouse
verifiable data
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333.What is data-driven decision management?
business needs it
data warehouse
verifiable data
334.What is source data?
A. Identifies the primary location where data is collected

business needs it
data warehouse
verifiable data
335.What is a data point?

B. An individual item on a graph or chart
data warehouse
verifiable data
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336.Business intelligence can provide managers with the ability to make better decisions. Which
of the following is not an example of how different industries use business intelligence?
A. Analyze popular vacation locations with current flight listings

B. Understand customer credit card usage and nonpayment rates
C. Compare the demographics of patients with critical illnesses
D. All of these choices are examples of how industries use business intelligence.
337.Business intelligence can provide managers with the ability to make better decisions. Which
of the following is not an example of how different industries use business intelligence?
A. Predict claim amounts and medical coverage costs

B. Track crime patterns, locations, and criminal behavior
C. Identify the primary locations where data is collected
D. Predict sales, inventory levels, and distribution
338.Which of the following questions is an example of how managers can use BI to answer tough
business questions?
A. Where has the business been?

B. Where is the business now?
C. Where is the business going?
D. All of these questions
339.Managers can use BI to answer tough business questions. Which of the following describes
the value of knowing where the business has been?
A. A historical perspective offers important variables for determining trends and patterns.
B. Looking at the current business situation allows managers to take effective action to solve
issues before they grow out of control.
C. Setting strategic direction is critical for planning and creating solid business strategies.
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the value of knowing where the business has been?
the value of knowing where the business is now?
the value of knowing where the business is going?
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343.Data-driven decision management is usually undertaken as a way to gain a competitive
advantage. A study from the MIT Center for Digital Business found that organizations driven
most by data-based decision making had _________ productivity rates and ____________
profits.
A. 4% lower, 6% higher
B. 4% higher, 6% lower
C. 4% higher, 6% higher
D. 4% lower, 6% lower
344.Business analysis is difficult from operational databases. Which of the following is not a
reason why?
A. Every department has its own method for recording data.

B. When sharing data, it matches and users get the data they need.
C. The data is of poor quality.
D. The data collected is not always useful for intended purposes.
345.Business analysis is difficult from operational databases. Which of the following is not a
reason why?

B. Data stored in operational databases did not allow users direct access.
C. The data is standardized.
346.What does standardization of data elements accomplish?
A. Greater accuracy
B. Completeness and completeness
C. Increases the quality of information
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347.In which ways does a data warehouse enable business users to be more effective?
A. Analyzing trends
B. Identifying financial issues
C. Understanding competitors
348.Businesses collect a tremendous amount of _____________ information as part of their

routine operations.
A. operational
B. transactional
C. aggregate
D. comparative
349.Kassandra Young is a business manager at Weith Productions. Although she does not have a
background in technology, her job requires her to work with analytical tools to make data-
driven decisions. To make her job easier, what can she customize to display data quickly and
run custom reports?
A. Data point
B. Information cleansing
C. Dashboard
D. Data set
350.What are processes and manages algorithms across many machines in a computing
environment?
A. Distributed computing
B. Advanced analytics
C. Analysis paralysis
D. Data artist
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351.What focuses on forecasting future trends and producing insights using sophisticated
quantitative methods, including statistics, descriptive and predictive data mining, simulation,
and optimization?
D. Data artist
352.What is distributed computing?
A. Processes and manages algorithms across many machines in a computing environment

B. Focuses on forecasting future trends and producing insights using sophisticated
quantitative methods, including statistics, descriptive and predictive data mining,
simulation, and optimization
C. Occurs when the user goes into an emotional state of over-analysis (or over-thinking) a
situation so that a decision or action is never taken, in effect paralyzing the outcome
D. A business analytics specialist who uses visual tools to help people understand complex
data
353.What focuses on forecasting future trends and producing insights using sophisticated
quantitative methods, including statistics, descriptive and predictive data mining, simulation,
and optimization?
A. Big Data
B. Distributed computing
C. Advanced analytics
D. Data scientist
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354.In terms of Big Data, what is variety?
A. Includes different forms of structured and unstructured data

B. Includes the uncertainty of data, including biases, noise, and abnormalities
C. Includes the scale of data
D. Includes the analysis of streaming data as it travels around the Internet
355.In terms of Big Data, what is veracity?

356.In terms of Big Data, what is volume?

357.In terms of Big Data, what is velocity?

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358.In terms of Big Data, what includes different forms of structured and unstructured data?
A. Variety
B. Veracity
C. Volume
D. Velocity
359.In terms of Big Data, what includes the uncertainty of data, including biases, noise, and
abnormalities?
A. Variety
B. Veracity
C. Volume
D. Velocity
360.In terms of Big Data, what includes the scale of data?
A. Variety
B. Veracity
C. Volume
D. Velocity
361.In terms of Big Data, what includes the analysis of streaming data as it travels around the
Internet?
A. Variety
B. Veracity
C. Volume
D. Velocity
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362.What is a collection of large, complex data sets, including structured and unstructured data,
which can't be analyzed using traditional database methods and tools?
A. Big Data
D. Data scientist
363.What is Big Data?
A. A collection of large, complex data sets, including structured and unstructured data, which
can't be analyzed using traditional database methods and tools
B. Processes and manages algorithms across many machines in a computing environment
C. Focuses on forecasting future trends and producing insights using sophisticated
D. Extracts knowledge from data by performing statistical analysis, data mining, and
advanced analytics on Big Data to identify trends, market changes, and other relevant
information
364.What is distributed computing?
information
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365.What is advanced analytics?
information
366.What is the process of analyzing data to extract information not offered by the raw data
alone?
A. Data integrity
B. Data mart analysis
C. Data mining
D. Data extraction
367.What are the two main objectives associated with data mining?
A. Uncovering tactics and plans

B. Uncovering trends and patterns
C. Uncovering intelligence and unstructured data issues
D. Uncovering competitors and market advantages
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368.Which of the following uses a variety of techniques to find patterns and relationships in large
volumes of information that predict future behavior and guide decision making?
A. Data analysis tools

B. Electronic analysis tools
C. Data-mining tools
D. Data integrity tools
369.Which of the following is not a common form of data mining analysis?
A. Division organization
B. Classification
C. Estimation
D. Clustering
370.Which of the following forms of data mining assigns records to one of a predefined set of
classes?
A. Clustering
B. Classification
C. Estimation
D. Affinity grouping
371.What is another term for data that is already contained in a database or a spreadsheet?
A. Structured data
B. Unstructured data
C. Text mining
D. Web mining
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372.What is another term for data that does not exist in a fixed location?
A. Structured data
C. Text mining
D. Web mining
373.What analyzes unstructured data to find trends and patterns in words and sentences?
A. Structured data
C. Text analytics
D. Web analytics
374.What is Web analytics?
A. Unstructured data associated with websites to identify consumer behavior and website
navigation
B. Analyzes structured data associated with a website
C. Filters information, both structured and unstructured, to help identify strong Web
customers
375.What is the technique used to divide information sets into mutually exclusive groups such
that the members of each group are as close together as possible to one another and the
different groups are as far apart as possible?
A. Statistical detection
B. Cluster analysis
C. Association detection
D. Social media analytics
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376.What is an example of using cluster analysis in business to create target-marketing
strategies?
A. Google search
B. First name information
C. Zip code segmentation
D. Last name associations
377.Which of the below reveals the relationship between variables along with the nature and
frequency of the relationship?
A. Association detection
B. Masking detection tool
C. Cluster grouping
D. Blocking barriers
378.What is a common association detection analysis technique where you analyze certain items
to detect customers' buying behavior and predict future behavior?
A. Clustering factors
B. Mashup technology
C. Market basket analysis
D. Drill-down basket analysis
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379.What is prediction?
A. A statement about what will happen or might happen in the future, for example, predicting
future sales or employee turnover
B. A statistical process that finds the way to make a design, system, or decision as effective
as possible, for example, finding the values of controllable variables that determine
maximal productivity or minimal waste
C. Predictions based on time-series information
D. A statistical process for estimating the relationships among variables
380.What is optimization?
381.What are forecasts?
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382.What is regression?
383.What is a statement about what will happen or might happen in the future, for example,
predicting future sales or employee turnover?
A. Prediction
B. Optimization
C. Forecasting
D. Regression
384.What is a statistical process that finds the way to make a design, system, or decision as
effective as possible, for example, finding the values of controllable variables that determine
maximal productivity or minimal waste?
A. Prediction
B. Optimization
C. Forecasting
D. Regression
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385.What are predictions based on time-series information?
A. Prediction
B. Optimization
C. Forecasting
D. Regression
386.What is a statistical process for estimating the relationships among variables?
A. Prediction
B. Optimization
C. Forecasting
D. Regression
387.What is classification?
A. Determines values for an unknown continuous variable behavior or estimated future value
B. Determines which things go together
C. Segments a heterogeneous population of more homogeneous subgroups
D. Assigns records to one of a predefined set of classes
388.What is estimation?
6-78
389.What is affinity grouping?
390.What is clustering?
391.What assigns records to one of a predefined set of classes?
A. Classification
B. Estimation
C. Affinity grouping
D. Clustering
392.What determines values for an unknown continuous variable behavior or estimated future
value?
A. Classification
B. Estimation
D. Clustering
6-79
393.What determines which things go together?
A. Classification
B. Estimation
D. Clustering
394.What segments a heterogeneous population of more homogeneous subgroups?
A. Classification
B. Estimation
D. Clustering
395.What is data mining?
A. The common term for the representation of multidimensional information

B. A particular attribute of information
C. Uses a variety of techniques to find patterns and relationships in large volumes of
information and infer rules from them that predict future behavior and guide decision
making
D. Process of analyzing data to extract information not offered by the raw data alone
396.What displays information graphically so it can be easily understood?
A. Informing
B. Infographics
C. Data visualization
D. Business intelligence dashboards
6-80
397.What can present the results of large data analysis looking for patterns and relationships
that monitor changes in variables over time?
A. Informing
B. Infographics
398.What describes technologies that allow users to "see" or visualize data to transform
information into a business perspective?
A. Informing
B. Infographics
399.What move beyond Excel graphs and charts into sophisticated analysis techniques such as
pie charts, controls, instruments, maps, time-series graphs, and more?
A. Informing
B. Infographics
C. Data visualization Tools
400.What can help uncover correlations and trends in data that would otherwise go
unrecognized?
A. Informing
B. Infographics
6-81
401.What tracks corporate metrics such as critical success factors and key performance
indicators and include advanced capabilities such as interactive controls allowing users to
manipulate data for analysis?
A. Informing
B. Infographics
402.What is a data scientist?
information
403.What processes and manages algorithms across many machines in a computing

environment?
A. Big Data
D. Data scientist
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404.What is social media analytics?
A. Analyzes text flowing across the Internet, including unstructured text from blogs and
messages
B. The process of analyzing recorded calls to gather information; brings structure to
customer interactions and exposes information buried in customer contact center
interactions with an enterprise
C. Analyzes unstructured data to find trends and patterns in words and sentences
D. Analyzes unstructured data associated with websites to identify consumer behavior and
website navigation
405.What is speech analytics?
messages
website navigation
406.What is text analytics?
messages
website navigation
6-83
407.What is Web analytics?
messages
website navigation
408.What analyzes text flowing across the Internet, including unstructured text from blogs and
messages?
A. Social media analytics

B. Speech analytics
C. Text analytics
D. Web analytics
409.What is the process of analyzing recorded calls to gather information; brings structure to
interactions with an enterprise?

B. Speech analytics
C. Text analytics
D. Web analytics
6-84
410.What analyzes unstructured data to find trends and patterns in words and sentences?

B. Speech analytics
C. Text analytics
D. Web analytics
411.What analyzes unstructured data associated with websites to identify consumer behavior
and website navigation?

B. Speech analytics
C. Text analytics
D. Web analytics
412.What are advanced analytics?

data
6-85
413.What is analysis paralysis?

data
414.What is a data artist?

data
415.What occurs when the user goes into an emotional state of over-analysis (or over-thinking) a
situation so that a decision or action is never taken, in effect paralyzing the outcome?
D. Data artist
6-86
416.What is a business analytics specialist who uses visual tools to help people understand
complex data?
D. Data artist
417.What occurs when the user goes into an emotional state of over-analysis (or over-thinking) a
situation so that a decision or action is never taken, in effect paralyzing the outcome?
A. Analytical paradox
B. Analytical analysis
D. Analysis paradox
418.What is fast data?

B. A data value that is numerically distant from most of the other data points in a set of data
D. The application of Big Data analytics to smaller data sets in near-real or real-time in order
to solve a problem or create business value
6-87
419.What an outlier?

B. A data value that is numerically distant from most of the other data points in a set of data
D. The application of Big Data analytics to smaller data sets in near-real or real-time in order
to solve a problem or create business value
420.What is a data value that is numerically distant from most of the other data points in a set of
data?
A. Fast data
B. Outlier
D. Cube
421.What is the application of Big Data analytics to smaller data sets in near-real or real-time in
order to solve a problem or create business value?
A. Fast data
B. Outlier
D. Cube
422.What is it called when a manager has so much data and information that he or she can't
make a decision?
A. Data rich, information poor

B. Data rich, content poor
C. Data rich, communication poor
D. Data rich, intelligence
6-88
423.Which of the below questions can be answered using business intelligence?

424.What is information that people use to support their decision-making efforts?
A. Information cleansing and scrubbing

B. Data-mining tools
C. Data mining
D. Business intelligence
425.How would the airline industry use business intelligence?

D. Predict claim amounts and medical coverage costs
426.How would the banking industry use business intelligence?

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427.How would the health care industry use business intelligence?

428.How would the insurance industry use business intelligence?

429.How would the law enforcement industry use business intelligence?
A. Track crime patterns, locations, and criminal behavior

B. Analyze customer demographics
C. Predict sales, inventory levels, and distribution
D. Predict hardware failures
430.How would the marketing industry use business intelligence?

6-90
431.How would the retail industry use business intelligence?

432.How would the technology industry use business intelligence?

433.A data warehouse is a _________ collection of information, gathered from many different
___________ databases, that supports business analysis activities and decision-making
tasks.
A. logical; operational
B. physical; operational
C. logical; transactional
D. physical; transactional
434.Which of the following is incorrect in terms of data warehousing and business intelligence?
A. Does not include information from other operational applications

B. Operational systems are integrated
C. Operational information is mainly current
D. Operational information frequently has quality issues
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435.What do data warehouses support?
A. OLAP
B. Analytical processing
C. OLTP
D. OLAP and analytical processing
436.The primary purpose of a data warehouse is to _____________.
A. combine strategic information

B. organize departments
C. interface between the computer and employees
437.Gender can be referred to in many ways (Male, Female, M/F, 1/0) in a data warehouse.
Ensuring gender is referenced the same way is an example of ___________.
A. information scaling
B. streamlining data points
C. standardizing information
D. standardizing protocols
438.Why were data warehouses created?
A. Numbers and types of operational databases increased as businesses grew.

B. Many companies had information scattered across multiple systems with different
formats.
C. Completing reporting requests from numerous operational systems took days or weeks.
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439.What is extraction, transformation, and loading?
A. It is a process of entering data, tracking data, and loading it into a database.

B. It is a process that extracts information from internal and external databases, transforms it
using a common set of enterprise definitions, and loads it into a data warehouse.
C. It is a process that is performed at the end of the data warehouse model prior to putting
the information in a cube.
D. It is a process that is performed at the beginning of the data mining model.
440.Which of the following is an examples of external databases in the data warehouse model?
A. Marketing, sales, inventory, and billing

B. Data mart 1, data mart 2, and data mart 3
C. Competitor and industry information, mailing lists, and stock market analysis
D. Marketing information, sales information, and stock market analysis
441.Which of the following is an examples of an external databases in the data warehouse

model?
A. Marketing information
B. Sales information
C. Competitor information
442.Which of the following describes ETL?
A. A process that extracts information from internal and external databases

B. A process that transforms information using a common set of enterprise definitions
C. A process that loads information into a data warehouse
6-93
443.Which of the following statements is true regarding customer information?
A. Customer information can exist in several operational systems.

B. Customer information in each operational system could change.
C. Customer information in each operational system can be different.
444.Which of the following occurs during data cleansing?
A. Clean missing records

B. Clean redundant records
C. Clean inaccurate data
445.Which of the following occurs during data cleansing?
A. Clean data marts

B. Clean redundant customer data
C. Clean accurate data
D. Clean correct data
446.Which of the following statements is true?
A. The more complete an organization wants to get its information, the less it costs.
B. The more accurate an organization wants to get its information, the less it costs.
C. The less accurate an organization wants to get its information, the more it costs.
D. The more complete and accurate an organization wants to get its information, the more it
costs.
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447.Within the beginning stage of the data warehouse models process, which of the following are
included in the internal databases?

B. Data mart 1, data mart 2, data mart 3
D. Marketing information, and stock market analysis numbers
448.What is the ultimate outcome of a data warehouse?
A. Data goals
B. Data relationships
C. Data marketing
D. Data marts
449.Which of the following contains a subset of data warehouse information?
A. Data miner
B. Data mart
C. Data pool
D. Data analyzing tool
450.What are the primary differences between a data warehouse and a data mart?
A. Data warehouses make quick decisions, data marts make slow decisions.
B. Data warehouse tackle ethical issues, data marts tackle hypothetical issues.
C. Data warehouses have a more organization-wide focus, data marts have functional focus.
D. Data warehouses have a physical focus, data marts have logical focus.
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451.Which of the following is the common term for the representation of multidimensional
information?
A. Block
B. Square
C. Column
D. Cube
452.What is another term for information cleansing?
A. Information mining
B. Information scrubbing
C. Information scrapping
D. Information marts
453.What determines the accuracy and completeness of organizational data?
A. Data quantity audit

B. Data quality audit
C. Data intelligence audit
D. Data accuracy audit
454.Which of the following is not an information cleansing activity?
A. Identifies redundant records

B. Identifies inaccurate or incomplete data
C. Identifies missing records or attributes
D. Identifies sales trends
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455.What is erroneous or flawed data?
A. Dirty data
C. Information Scrubbing
D. ETL
456.Which of the following is a problem associated with dirty data?
A. Duplicate data
B. Incorrect data
C. Violates business rules
A. Duplicate data
B. Correct data
C. Accurate data
A. Inaccurate data
B. Misleading data
C. Non-formatted data
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A. Inaccurate data
B. Nonintegrated data
A. Accurate data
B. Integrated data
A. Non-formatted data
B. Misleading data
C. Incorrect data
A. Formatted data
B. Misleading data
C. Correct data
Essay Questions
6-98
463.Explain the four primary traits that determine the value of information.
464.Describe a database, a database management system, and the relational database model.
465.Identify the business advantages of a relational database.
6-99
466.Explain the business benefits of a data-driven website.
467.Define a data warehouse, and provide a few reasons it can make a manager more effective.
468.Explain ETL and the role of a data mart in business.
6-100
469.Identify the advantages of using business intelligence to support managerial decision
making.
470.Define data mining, and explain the three common forms for mining structured and
unstructured data.
6-101
Chapter 06 Data: Business Intelligence Answer Key
True / False Questions
1. Information granularity refers to the extent of detail within the information (fine and
detailed, or coarse and abstract).
TRUE
Information granularity refers to the extent of detail within the information (fine and
detailed or coarse and abstract).
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Learning Objective: 06-01 Explain the four primary traits that determine the value of information.
Topic: The Business Benefits of High-Quality Information
2. Information quality refers to the extent of detail within the information (fine and detailed,
FALSE

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-102
3. Organizational information has three characteristics including levels, formats, and
granularities.
TRUE
Organizational information has three characteristics including levels, formats, and
granularities.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
4. The four primary traits of the value of information include type, timeliness, quality, and
governance.
TRUE
The four primary traits of the value of information include type, timeliness, quality, and
governance.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
5. Organizational information has three characteristics including timeliness, quality, and

governance.
FALSE
Organizational information has three characteristics including levels, formats, and
granularities.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-103
6. The four primary traits of the value of information include levels, formats, granularities,
and type.
FALSE
The four primary traits of the value of information include type, timeliness, quality, and
governance.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
7. There are only two main primary traits that help you determine the value of information
including timeliness and quality.
FALSE
There are four main primary traits that help you determine the value of information
including timeliness, quality, type, and governance.

Blooms: Understand
Difficulty: 2 Medium
8. If a manager identifies numerous information integrity issues he should consider the

reports generated from that data as invalid and not use them when making decisions.
TRUE
Managers can sometimes utilize information integrity issues to consider reports invalid
and should not make decisions from such sources.

Blooms: Analyze
Difficulty: 3 Hard
6-104
9. Real-time information refers to the extent of detail within the information (fine and
FALSE

Blooms: Understand
10. Information granularity means immediate, up-to-date information.
FALSE
Real-time information means immediate, up-to-date information.

Blooms: Understand
11. Real-time systems provide real-time information in response to requests.
TRUE
Real-time systems provide real-time information in response to requests.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-105
12. Information integrity issues occur when the same data element has different values.
FALSE
Information inconsistency occurs when the same data element has different values.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
13. Information integrity issues occur when a system produces incorrect, inconsistent, or
duplicate data.
TRUE
Information integrity issues occur when a system produces incorrect, inconsistent, or
duplicate data.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
14. Data governance refers to the overall management of the availability, usability, integrity,
and security of company data.
TRUE
Data governance refers to the overall management of the availability, usability, integrity,

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-106
15. Transactional information is used when performing operational tasks and repetitive
decisions such as analyzing daily sales reports and production schedules to determine
how much inventory to carry.
TRUE
Transactional information is used to perform operational tasks.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
16. Timely information must be up-to-the-second to be accurate.
FALSE
Timely information can change for each business decision. Some decisions require weekly
information while others require daily information.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
17. Organizational information comes at the same level, formats and granularities.
FALSE
Organizational information comes at different formats, levels, and granularities of
information.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-107
18. Reports for each sales person, product, and part are examples of detail (or fine)
information granularities.
TRUE
Information granularities include detailed (or fine) information such as reports for each
sales person, product, or parts.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
19. Master data management (MDM) is the practice of gathering data and ensuring that it is
uniform, accurate, consistent, and complete, including such entities as customers,
suppliers, products, sales, employees, and other critical entities that are commonly
integrated across organizational systems. MDM is commonly included in data governance.
TRUE
Master data management (MDM) is the practice of gathering data and ensuring that it is

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-108
20. Data governance is the practice of gathering data and ensuring that it is uniform, accurate,
systems.
FALSE

Difficulty: 1 Easy
21. Accurate information asks if there is an incorrect value in the information.
TRUE
Accurate information asks if there is an incorrect value in the information.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
22. Complete information asks if there is a value missing from the information.
TRUE
Complete information asks if there is a value missing from the information.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-109
23. Consistent information asks if the aggregate or summary information in agreement with
TRUE
Consistent information asks if the aggregate or summary information in agreement with

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
24. Timely information asks if the information current with respect to the business needs.
TRUE
Timely information asks if the information current with respect to the business needs.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
25. Unique information asks if each transaction and event represented only once in the
information.
TRUE
Unique information asks if each transaction and event represented only once in the
information.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-110
26. Complete information asks if there is an incorrect value in the information.
FALSE
Accurate information asks if there is an incorrect value in the information.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
27. Consistent information asks if there is a value missing from the information.
FALSE
Complete information asks if there is a value missing from the information.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
28. Accurate information asks if the aggregate or summary information in agreement with
FALSE
Consistent information asks if the aggregate or summary information in agreement with

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-111
29. Unique information asks if the information current with respect to the business needs.
FALSE
Timely information asks if the information current with respect to the business needs.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
30. Timely information asks if each transaction and event represented only once in the
information.
FALSE
Unique information asks if each transaction and event represented only once in the
information.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
31. Determining if there are any duplicate customers in the data is an example of a unique
TRUE
Determining if there are any duplicate customers in the data is an example of a unique

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-112
32. Determining if all total columns equal the true total of the individual item is an example of
a consistent characteristic of high-quality information.
TRUE
Determining if all total columns equal the true total of the individual item is an example of
a consistent characteristic of high-quality information.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
33. A data steward is responsible for ensuring the policies and procedures are implemented
(p. 100) across the organization and acts as a liaison between the MIS department and the
business.
TRUE
A data steward is responsible for ensuring the policies and procedures are implemented
across the organization and acts as a liaison between the MIS department.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-113
34. Data stewardship is the management and oversight of an organization's data assets to
(p. 100) help provide business users with high-quality data that is easily accessible in a consistent
manner.
TRUE
Data stewardship is the management and oversight of an organization's data assets to
help provide business users with high-quality data that is easily accessible in a consistent
manner.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
35. Data latency includes the tests and evaluations used to determine compliance with data
FALSE
Data validation includes the tests and evaluations used to determine compliance with data

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-114
36. Data validation includes the tests and evaluations used to determine compliance with data
TRUE

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
37. Data validation helps to ensure that every data value is correct and accurate. In Microsoft
Word, you can use data validation to control the type of data or the values that users enter
into a cell.
FALSE
Data validation helps to ensure that every data value is correct and accurate. In Microsoft
Excel you can use data validation to control the type of data or the values that users enter
into a cell.

Blooms: Remember
6-115
38. Identity management is the practice of gathering data and ensuring that it is uniform,
(p. 100) accurate, consistent, and complete, including such entities as customers, suppliers,
FALSE
Master data management is the practice of gathering data and ensuring that it is uniform,
accurate, consistent, and complete, including such entities as customers, suppliers,

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
39. A data gap analysis occurs when a company examines its data to determine if it can meet
exist.
TRUE
A data gap analysis occurs when a company examines its data to determine if it can meet
exist.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-116
40. Determining if a name is spelled correctly is an example of an accurate characteristic of
high-quality information.
TRUE
Determining if a name is spelled correctly is an example of an accurate characteristic of

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
41. Determining if information is updated weekly, daily, or hourly is an example of an accurate

TRUE
Determining if information is updated weekly, daily, or hourly is an example of an accurate

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
42. A foreign key is a field (or group of fields) that uniquely identifies a given entity in a table.
FALSE
A primary key is a field (or group of fields) that uniquely identifies a given entity in a table.

Blooms: Understand
Learning Objective: 06-02 Describe a database, a database management system, and the relational database model.
Topic: Storing Information in a Relational Database Management System
6-117
43. The core component of any system, regardless of size, is a database and a database
management system.
TRUE
The core component of any system, regardless of size, is a database and a database
management system.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
44. MMSDB creates, reads, updates, and deletes data in a database while controlling access
and security.
FALSE
DBMS creates, reads, updates, and deletes data in a database while controlling access
and security.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
45. A foreign key provides details about data.
FALSE
Metadata provides details about data.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-118
46. There are three primary data models for organizing information including the hierarchical,
network, and relational database models.
TRUE
A DBMS uses three primary data models for organizing information including the
hierarchical, network, and relational database models.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
47. A data element (or data field) is the smallest or basic unit of information.
TRUE
A data element (or data field) is the smallest or basic unit of information.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
48. Data elements can include a customer's name, address, email, discount rate, preferred
TRUE
Data elements can include a customer's name, address, email, discount rate, preferred

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-119
49. Data models are logical data structures that detail the relationships among data elements
by using graphics or pictures.
TRUE
Data models are logical data structures that detail the relationships among data elements

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
50. Metadata provides details about data. For example, metadata for an image could include
its size, resolution, and date created.
TRUE
Metadata provides details about data. For example, metadata for an image could include

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
51. A data dictionary compiles all of the metadata about the data elements in the data model.
TRUE
A data dictionary compiles all of the metadata about the data elements in the data model.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-120
52. Relational database models store information in the form of logically related two-
dimensional tables.
TRUE
Relational database models store information in the form of logically related two-
dimensional tables.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
53. Relational database management system sallow users to create, read, update, and delete
TRUE
Relational database management system sallow users to create, read, update, and delete

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
54. Attributes (also called columns or fields) are the data elements associated with an entity.
TRUE
Attributes (also called columns or fields) are the data elements associated with an entity.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-121
55. A record is a collection of related data elements.
TRUE
A record is a collection of related data elements.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
56. Primary key is a field (or group of fields) that uniquely identifies a given record in a table.
TRUE
Primary key is a field (or group of fields) that uniquely identifies a given record in a table.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
57. Foreign key is a primary key of one table that appears as an attribute in another table and
TRUE
Foreign key is a primary key of one table that appears as an attribute in another table and

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-122
58. A primary key is the smallest or basic unit of information.
FALSE
Data element (or data field) is the smallest or basic unit of information.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
59. Data models can include a customer's name, address, email, discount rate, preferred
FALSE
Data elements can include a customer's name, address, email, discount rate, preferred

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
60. Metadata are logical data structures that detail the relationships among data elements by
FALSE
Data models are logical data structures that detail the relationships among data elements

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-123
61. A DBMS provides details about data.
FALSE
Metadata provides details about data. For example, metadata for an image could include

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
62. Structured query language compiles all of the metadata about the data elements in the
data model.
FALSE
Data dictionary compiles all of the metadata about the data elements in the data model.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
63. Hierarchal database model stores information in the form of logically related two-
dimensional tables.
FALSE
Relational database model stores information in the form of logically related two-
dimensional tables.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-124
64. Entities are the data elements associated with an attribute.
FALSE
Attributes (also called columns or fields) are the data elements associated with an entity.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
65. A field is a collection of related data elements.
FALSE
Record is a collection of related data elements.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
66. A foreign key uniquely identifies a given record in a table.
FALSE
Primary key is a field (or group of fields) that uniquely identifies a given record in a table.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-125
67. A primary key is a foreign key of one table that appears as an attribute in another table
and acts to provide a logical relationship between the two tables.
FALSE
A foreign key is a primary key of one table that appears as an attribute in another table
and acts to provide a logical relationship between the two tables.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
68. Databases offer many security features including passwords to provide authentication,
access levels to determine who can access the data, and access controls to determine
what type of access they have to the information.
TRUE
Databases offer many security features including passwords to provide authentication,
access levels to determine who can access the data, and access controls to determine
what type of access they have to the information.

Blooms: Understand
Learning Objective: 06-03 Identify the business advantages of a relational database.
Topic: Using a Relational Database for Business Advantages
6-126
69. Information redundancy is the duplication of data, or the storage of the same data in
multiple places.
TRUE
Information redundancy is the duplication of data, or the storage of the same data in
multiple places.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
70. Relational databases offer many advantages over using a text document or a spreadsheet,
which include decreased flexibility and decreased scalability and performance.
FALSE
Relational databases offer many advantages over using a text document or a spreadsheet,
which include increased flexibility and increased scalability and performance.

Blooms: Understand
71. The physical view of information deals with the physical storage of information on a
storage device.
TRUE
The physical view of information deals with the physical storage of information on a
storage device.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-127
72. The logical view of information focuses on how individual users logically access
information to meet their own particular business needs.
TRUE
The logical view of information focuses on how individual users logically access

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
73. The logical view of information deals with the physical storage of information on a storage
device.
FALSE
The physical view of information deals with the physical storage of information on a
storage device.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
74. The physical view of information focuses on how individual users logically access
FALSE
The logical view of information focuses on how individual users logically access

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-128
75. A business rule defines how a company performs certain aspects of its business and
TRUE
A business rule defines how a company performs certain aspects of its business and

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
76. A business catalog defines how a company performs certain aspects of its business and
FALSE
A business rule defines how a company performs certain aspects of its business and

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
77. Information redundancy is the duplication of data, or the storage of the same data in
multiple places.
TRUE
Information redundancy is the duplication of data, or the storage of the same data in
multiple places.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-129
78. Information integrity is a measure of the quality of information.
TRUE
Information integrity is a measure of the quality of information.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
79. Integrity constraints are rules that help ensure the quality of information.
TRUE
Integrity constraints are rules that help ensure the quality of information.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
based constraints.
TRUE
Relational integrity constraints are rules that enforce basic and fundamental information-
based constraints.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-130
81. Information constraints is a measure of the quality of information.
FALSE
Information integrity is a measure of the quality of information.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
82. Information integrity are rules that help ensure the quality of information.
FALSE
Integrity constraints are rules that help ensure the quality of information.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
83. Relationship integrity criteria are rules that enforce basic and fundamental information-
based constraints.
FALSE
based constraints.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-131
84. Master data management is a broad administrative area that deals with identifying
(p. 100) individuals in a system (such as a country, a network, or an enterprise) and controlling
their access to resources within that system by associating user rights and restrictions
with the established identity.
FALSE
Identity management is a broad administrative area that deals with identifying individuals
in a system (such as a country, a network, or an enterprise) and controlling their access to
resources within that system by associating user rights and restrictions with the

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
85. Data latency is the time it takes for data to be stored or retrieved.
(p. 100)
TRUE
Data latency is the time it takes for data to be stored or retrieved.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-132
86. Relational integrity constraints enforce business rules vital to an organization's success
and often require more insight and knowledge than relational integrity constraints.
FALSE
Business critical integrity constraints enforce business rules vital to an organization's
success and often require more insight and knowledge than relational integrity
constraints.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
87. Business critical integrity constraints enforce business rules vital to an organization's
constraints.
TRUE
Business critical integrity constraints enforce business rules vital to an organization's
constraints.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-133
88. One of the advantages found in a relational database is increased information
redundancy.
FALSE
Relational databases reduce information redundancy, not increase information
redundancy.

Blooms: Understand
based constraints.
TRUE
based constraints.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
90. A data-driven website can help limit the amount of information displayed to customers
based on unique search requirements.
TRUE
A data-driven website can help limit the amount of information displayed to customers
based on unique search requirements.

Blooms: Understand
Learning Objective: 06-04 Explain the business benefits of a data-driven website.
Topic: Driving Websites with Data
6-134
91. Data-driven websites offer several advantages as it is far easier to manage content and
store large amounts of data.
TRUE
Additional data-driven website advantages are easy to manage content and easy to store
large amounts of data.

Blooms: Understand
92. A content creator is the person responsible for creating the original website content.
TRUE
A content creator is the person responsible for creating the original website content.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
93. A content creator is the person responsible for updating and maintaining website content.
FALSE
A content editor is the person responsible for updating and maintaining website content.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-135
94. A content editor is the person responsible for updating and maintaining website content.
TRUE

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
95. Static information includes fixed data incapable of change in the event of a user action.
TRUE
Static information includes fixed data incapable of change in the event of a user action.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
96. Static information includes data that changes based on user actions.
FALSE
Dynamic information includes data that change based on user actions.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-136
97. Dynamic information includes data that change based on user actions.
TRUE

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
98. Dynamic website information is stored in a dynamic catalog, or an area of a website that
TRUE
Dynamic website information is stored in a dynamic catalog, or an area of a website that

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
99. A data-driven website is an interactive website kept constantly updated and relevant to
the needs of its customers using a database.
TRUE
A data-driven website is an interactive website kept constantly updated and relevant to

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-137
100. A central location in which data is stored and managed is called a data mart.
FALSE
A central location in which data is stored and managed is called a repository.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Learning Objective: 06-05 Describe the roles and purposes of data warehouses and data marts in an organization.
Topic: Data Warehousing
101. A repository is a central location in which data is stored and managed.
TRUE
A central location in which data is stored and managed is called a repository.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
102. A data mart contains a subset of data warehouse information.
TRUE
This is the definition of a data mart.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-138
103. Data aggregation is the collection of data from various sources for the purpose of data
processing.
TRUE
This is the definition of data aggregation.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
104. One example of a data aggregation is to gather information about particular groups based
on specific variables such as age, profession, or income.
TRUE
This is the definition of data aggregation.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
105. The complete removal of dirty data from a source is practical and possible.
FALSE
The complete removal of dirty data from a source is impractical or virtually impossible.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-139
106. According to Gartner Inc., dirty data is an MIS problem, not a business problem.
FALSE
According to Gartner Inc., dirty data is a business problem, not an MIS problem.

Blooms: Remember
107. Dirty data is erroneous or flawed data.
TRUE
This is the definition of dirty data.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
108. A repository is a central location in which data is stored and managed.
TRUE
This is the definition of a repository.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-140
109. A data warehouse is a central location in which data is stored and managed.
FALSE
A repository is a central location in which data is stored and managed.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
110. A data warehouse is a logical collection of information, gathered from many different
operational databases, that supports business analysis activities and decision-making
tasks.
TRUE
This is the definition of a data warehouse.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
111. Data warehouses struggle with combining too much standardized information.
FALSE
These are the two primary activities data warehouses do effectively.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-141
112. The primary purpose of a data warehouse is to perform transactional processes.
FALSE
The primary purpose of a data warehouse is to perform analytical process.

Blooms: Understand
113. The primary purpose of a data warehouse is to perform analytical process.
TRUE
The primary purpose of a data warehouse is to perform analytical process.

Blooms: Understand
114. Within the data warehouse model, the internal databases could include marketing, sales,
inventory, and billing.
TRUE
Within the data warehouse model, the internal databases are marketing, sales, inventory,
and billing.

Blooms: Understand
6-142
115. A data miner contains a subset of data warehouse information.
FALSE
A data mart contains a subset of data warehouse information.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: The Business Benefits of Data Warehousing
116. A data mart contains a subset of data warehouse information.
TRUE

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
117. ETL, within a data warehouse model, stands for exit, track, and load.
FALSE
ETL stands for extraction, transformation, and loading.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Warehousing
6-143
118. ETL stands for extraction, transformation, and loading.
TRUE
ETL stands for extraction, transformation, and loading.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
119. Within the data warehouse model, the external databases could include competitor
information, industry information and stock market analysis.
TRUE
Within the data warehouse model, the external databases are competitor information,
industry information, mailing lists, and stock market analysis.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
120. Dirty data is erroneous or flawed data. The complete removal of dirty data from a source is
TRUE
Dirty data is erroneous or flawed data. The complete removal of dirty data from a source is

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-144
121. Information cleansing or scrubbing is a process that weeds out and fixes or discards
TRUE
Information cleansing or scrubbing is a process that weeds out and fixes or discards

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
122. Duplicate data, inaccurate data, misleading data, and incorrect data are all problems
TRUE
Duplicate data, inaccurate data, misleading data, and incorrect data are all problems

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: The Business Benefits of Data Warehousing
123. Many firms complete data quality audits to determine the accuracy and completeness of
its data.
TRUE
Many firms complete data quality audits to determine the accuracy and completeness of
its data.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-145
124. A data mart is the process of analyzing data to extract information not offered by the raw
data alone.
FALSE
Data mining is the process of analyzing data to extract information not offered by the raw
data alone.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
125. Information cleansing or scrubbing is a process that weeds out and fixes or discards
TRUE

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
126. In a data warehouse, information cleansing occurs first during the ETL process and again
once the information is in the data warehouse.
TRUE

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-146
127. A comparative analysis can compare two or more data sets to identify patterns and
trends.
TRUE
This is the definition of comparative analysis.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Learning Objective: 06-06 Identify the advantages of using business intelligence to support managerial decision making.
Topic: Business Intelligence
128. Comparative analysis can help managers with competitive monitoring where a company
keeps tabs of its competitor's activities on the Web using software that automatically
tracks all competitor website activities such as discounts and new products.
FALSE
Business intelligence can help managers with competitive monitoring where a company
keeps tabs of its competitor's activities on the Web using software that automatically
tracks all competitor website activities such as discounts and new products.

Blooms: Remember
129. A data set is an organized collection of data.
TRUE
A data set is an organized collection of data.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-147
130. The financial industry uses business intelligence to predict hardware failures.
FALSE
The technology industry uses business intelligence to predict hardware failures, where the
retail industry uses it to predict sales, inventory levels, and distribution.

Blooms: Understand
131. The banking industry uses business intelligence to understand customer credit card usage
TRUE
The banking industry uses business intelligence to understand customer credit card usage

Blooms: Understand
6-148
132. Many organizations find themselves in the position of being data rich and information
poor. Even in today's electronic world, managers struggle with the challenge of turning
their business data into business intelligence.
TRUE
Many organizations find themselves in the position of being data rich and information
poor. Even in today's electronic world, managers struggle with the challenge of turning
their business data into business intelligence.

Blooms: Understand
133. Competitive monitoring can compare two or more data sets to identify patterns and
trends.
FALSE
Comparative analysis can compare two or more data sets to identify patterns and trends.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
134. A data broker is an individual item on a graph or a chart.
FALSE
A data point is an individual item on a graph or a chart.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-149
135. A data lake is a business that collects personal information about consumers and sells
that information to other organizations.
FALSE
A data broker is a business that collects personal information about consumers and sells

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
136. A data lake is a storage repository that holds a vast amount of raw data in its original
format until the business needs it.
TRUE
A data lake is a storage repository that holds a vast amount of raw data in its original

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
137. While a traditional data warehouse stores data in files or folders, a data lake uses a flat
architecture to store data.
TRUE

Blooms: Remember
6-150
138. Source data identifies the primary location where data is collected. It can include invoices,
spreadsheets, time-sheets, transactions, and electronic sources such as other databases.
TRUE
Source data identifies the primary location where data is collected. Source data can
include invoices, spreadsheets, time-sheets, transactions, and electronic sources such as
other databases.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
139. Business intelligence is an approach to business governance that values decisions that
can be backed up with verifiable data.
FALSE
Data-driven decision management is an approach to business governance that values
decisions that can be backed up with verifiable data.

Blooms: Remember
6-151
140. Effective data-driven decision management is reliant upon the quality of the data gathered
and the effectiveness of its analysis and interpretation.
TRUE

Blooms: Remember
141. A data map is a technique for establishing a match, or balance, between the source data
and the target data warehouse.
TRUE
A data map is a technique for establishing a match, or balance, between the source data

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
142. A data point is an individual item on a graph or chart.
TRUE
A data point is an individual item on a graph or chart.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-152
143. Organizational data includes simple structured data elements in a database.
FALSE
Organizational data includes far more than simple structured data elements in a database;
the set of data also includes unstructured data such as voice mail, customer phone calls,
text messages, video clips, along with numerous new forms of data, such as tweets from
Twitter.

Blooms: Remember
144. A data set is an individual item on a graph or chart.
FALSE

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
145. A data set is an organized collection of data.
TRUE

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-153
146. Big Data is a collection of large, complex data sets, including structured and unstructured
TRUE
Big Data is a collection of large, complex data sets, including structured and unstructured

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Learning Objective: 06-07 Identify the four common characteristics of big data.
Topic: Big Data
147. The four common characteristics of Big Data include variety, veracity, volume, velocity.
TRUE
The four common characteristics of Big Data include variety, veracity, volume, velocity.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Analyzing Big Data
148. Variety includes different forms of structured and unstructured data.
TRUE
Variety includes different forms of structured and unstructured data.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-154
149. Veracity includes the uncertainty of data, including biases, noise, and abnormalities.
TRUE
Veracity includes the uncertainty of data, including biases, noise, and abnormalities.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
150. Volume includes the scale of data.
TRUE
Volume includes the scale of data.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
151. Velocity includes the analysis of streaming data as it travels around the Internet.
TRUE
Velocity includes the analysis of streaming data as it travels around the Internet.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-155
152. Velocity includes different forms of structured and unstructured data.
FALSE

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
153. Volume includes the uncertainty of data, including biases, noise, and abnormalities.
FALSE

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
154. Distributed computing processes and manages algorithms across many machines in a
TRUE
Distributed computing processes and manages algorithms across many machines in a

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-156
155. Advanced analytics focuses on forecasting future trends and producing insights using
TRUE
Advanced analytics focuses on forecasting future trends and producing insights using

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
156. Distributed computing focuses on forecasting future trends and producing insights using
FALSE

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-157
157. Association detection reveals the relationship between variables along with the nature and
TRUE
Association detection reveals the relationship between variables along with the nature and

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Learning Objective: 06-08 Explain data mining and identify the three elements of data mining.
Topic: Data Mining
158. Association detection is a technique used to divide information sets into mutually
exclusive groups such that the members of each group are as close together as possible to
one another and the different groups are as far apart as possible.
FALSE
Cluster analysis is a technique used to divide information sets into mutually exclusive

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Data Mining
159. Data mining occurs on structured data that are already in a database or a spreadsheet.
TRUE
Data mining occurs on structured data that are already in a database or a spreadsheet.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Data Mining
6-158
160. Prediction is a statement about what will happen or might happen in the future, for
example, predicting future sales or employee turnover.
TRUE
Prediction is a statement about what will happen or might happen in the future, for

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Data Mining
161. Optimization is a statistical process that finds the way to make a design, system, or
decision as effective as possible, for example, finding the values of controllable variables
that determine maximal productivity or minimal waste.
TRUE
Optimization is a statistical process that finds the way to make a design, system, or

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Data Mining
162. Time-series information is time-stamped information collected at a particular frequency.
TRUE
Time-series information is time-stamped information collected at a particular frequency.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Data Mining
6-159
163. Forecasts are predictions based on time-series information.
TRUE
Forecasts are predictions based on time-series information.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Data Mining
164. Regression is a statistical process for estimating the relationships among variables. It
includes many techniques for modeling and analyzing several variables when the focus is
on the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables.
TRUE
Regression is a statistical process for estimating the relationships among variables. It

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Data Mining
165. Regression is a statement about what will happen or might happen in the future, for
FALSE

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Data Mining
6-160
166. Prediction is a statistical process that finds the way to make a design, system, or decision
as effective as possible, for example, finding the values of controllable variables that
determine maximal productivity or minimal waste.
FALSE

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Data Mining
167. Regression is a prediction based on time-series information.
FALSE

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Data Mining
168. Optimization is a statistical process for estimating the relationships among variables.
FALSE
Regression is a statistical process for estimating the relationships among variables. It

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Data Mining
6-161
169. Classification assigns records to one of a predefined set of classes.
TRUE
Classification assigns records to one of a predefined set of classes.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Data Mining
170. Estimation determines values for an unknown continuous variable behavior or estimated
future value.
TRUE
Estimation determines values for an unknown continuous variable behavior or estimated
future value.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Data Mining
171. Affinity grouping determine which things go together.
TRUE
Affinity grouping determine which things go together.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Data Mining
6-162
172. Clustering segments a heterogeneous population of more homogeneous subgroups.
TRUE
Clustering segments a heterogeneous population of more homogeneous subgroups.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Data Mining
173. Clustering assigns records to one of a predefined set of classes.
FALSE

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Data Mining
174. Affinity determines values for an unknown continuous variable behavior or estimated
future value.
FALSE
future value.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Data Mining
6-163
175. Estimation determine which things go together.
FALSE
Affinity grouping determine which things go together.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Data Mining
176. Classification segments a heterogeneous population of more homogeneous subgroups.
FALSE

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Data Mining
177. Data-mining tools use a variety of techniques to find patterns and relationships in large
TRUE
This is the definition of data-mining tools. Data-mining tools use a variety of techniques to
find patterns and relationships in large volumes of information that predict future behavior
and guide decision making.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Data Mining
6-164
178. Infographics (information graphics) displays information graphically so it can be easily
understood.
TRUE
Infographics (information graphics) displays information graphically so it can be easily
understood.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Learning Objective: 06-09 Explain the importance of data analytics and data visualization.
Topic: Data Analytics
179. Infographics can present the results of large data analysis looking for patterns and
TRUE
Infographics can present the results of large data analysis looking for patterns and

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
180. Web mining analysis describes technologies that allow users to "see" or visualize data to
FALSE
Data visualization describes technologies that allow users to "see" or visualize data to

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-165
181. Analysis paralysis occurs when the user goes into an emotional state of over-analysis (or
over-thinking) a situation so that a decision or action is never taken, in effect paralyzing
the outcome.
TRUE
Analysis paralysis occurs when the user goes into an emotional state of over-analysis (or
the outcome.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
182. A data artist is a business analytics specialist who uses visual tools to help people
TRUE
A data artist is a business analytics specialist who uses visual tools to help people

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-166
183. Advanced analytics processes and manages algorithms across many machines in a
FALSE

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
184. Association detection occurs when the user goes into an emotional state of over-analysis
(or over-thinking) a situation so that a decision or action is never taken, in effect
paralyzing the outcome.
FALSE
the outcome.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-167
185. A data miner is a business analytics specialist who uses visual tools to help people
FALSE
Data artist is a business analytics specialist who uses visual tools to help people

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
186. Social media analytics analyzes text flowing across the Internet, including unstructured
text from blogs and messages.
TRUE
Social media analytics analyzes text flowing across the Internet, including unstructured

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-168
187. Speech analytics is the process of analyzing recorded calls to gather information; brings
TRUE
Speech analytics is the process of analyzing recorded calls to gather information; brings

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
188. Speech analytics is heavily used in the customer service department to help improve
TRUE
Speech analytics is heavily used in the customer service department to help improve

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-169
189. Text analytics analyzes unstructured data to find trends and patterns in words and
service representative is best able to handle the question, allowing the system to forward
it to the right person.
TRUE
Text analytics analyzes unstructured data to find trends and patterns in words and
service representative is best able to handle the question, allowing the system to forward
it to the right person.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
190. Web analytics analyzes unstructured data associated with websites to identify consumer
TRUE
Web analytics analyzes unstructured data associated with websites to identify consumer

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-170
191. Web analytics analyzes unstructured data to find trends and patterns in words and
sentences.
FALSE
sentences.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
192. Social media analytics analyzes unstructured data associated with websites to identify
consumer behavior and website navigation.
FALSE

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
193. Data visualization tools move beyond Excel graphs and charts into sophisticated analysis
TRUE
Data visualization tools move beyond Excel graphs and charts into sophisticated analysis

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-171
194. Data visualization tools can help uncover correlations and trends in data that would
TRUE
Data visualization tools can help uncover correlations and trends in data that would

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Multiple Choice Questions
195. Employees need to compare different types of information for what they commonly reveal
to make strategic decisions. Which of the below represents the three common types of
information found throughout an organization?
A. Levels, forms, granularities

B. Levels, forms, data
C. Levels, formats, granularities
D. Data, formats, granularities
Levels, formats, and granularities are the different types of information.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-172
196. Which of the following represents the different information levels?

The different information levels include individual, department, and enterprise.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
197. Which of the following represents the different information formats?

The different information formats include document, presentation, spreadsheet, and
database.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-173
198. Which of the following represents the different information granularities?

The different information granularities include detail, summary, and aggregate.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
199. Which of the following is not a primary trait of information?
A. Governance
B. Type
C. Timeliness
D. Quantity
Quality is the primary trait of information, not quantity.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-174
200. What encompasses all of the information contained within a single business process or
unit of work and its primary purpose is to support the performing of daily operational
tasks?
C. Timeliness
D. Quality
Transactional information encompasses all of the information contained within a single
business process or unit of work and its primary purpose is to support the performing of
daily operational tasks.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
201. What encompasses all organizational information, and its primary purpose is to support
the performing of managerial analysis tasks?
C. Timeliness
D. Quality
Analytical information encompasses all organizational information, and its primary purpose
is to support the performing of managerial analysis tasks.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-175
202. What is immediate, up-to-date information?
C. Information granularity
D. Information governance
Real-time information is immediate, up-to-date information.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
203. What provides real-time information in response to query requests?
C. Information level
D. Information quality
Real-time systems provide real-time information in response to query requests.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-176
204. What is one of the biggest pitfalls associated with real-time information?
A. It is only available to high-level executives due to the expense.

B. It is only available in aggregate levels of granularity.
C. It continually changes.
D. It rarely changes.
Information continually changes and this can cause issues with real-time information.

Blooms: Understand
205. Which of the following is not one of the five characteristics common to high-quality
information?
A. Accuracy
B. Completeness
C. Quantity
D. Consistency
Accuracy, completeness, consistency, uniqueness, and timeliness are the characteristics
of high quality information.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-177
206. What is a real-time system?
A. Provides immediate, up-to-date information

B. Provides real-time information in response to query requests
C. Encompasses all organization information, and its primary purpose is to support the
performing of managerial analysis tasks
D. Encompasses all of the information contained within a single business process or unit
of work, and its primary purpose is to support the performing of daily operational tasks
Real-time systems provide real-time information in response to query request.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
207. Which of the following implies that aggregate or summary information is in agreement with
detailed information?
A. Uniqueness
B. Completeness
C. Consistency
D. Accuracy
This is the definition of consistency.

Blooms: Understand
6-178
208. Which of the following implies that information is current with respect to the business
requirement?
A. Uniqueness
B. Accuracy
C. Consistency
D. Timeliness
This is the definition of timeliness.

Blooms: Understand
209. What is it called when each transaction, entity, and event is represented only once in the
information?
A. Uniqueness
B. Accuracy
C. Consistency
D. Timeliness
This is the definition of uniqueness.

Blooms: Understand
6-179
210. Which of the following refers to the extent of detail within the information?
A. Knowledge information
B. Information granularity
C. Chance information
D. Information analytics
Information granularity refers to the extent of detail within the information.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
211. Which of the following represent the four primary traits that help determine the value of
information?
A. Information type, information timeliness, information quality, and information

governance
B. Information statistics, information tracking, information quality, and information
governance
C. Information type, information chance, information analytics, and information policy
D. Information timeliness, information quality, information quantity, and information
governance policy
The four primary traits that help determine the value of information are information type,
information timeliness, information quality, and information governance.

Blooms: Understand
6-180
212. What are the two different categories for information type?
A. Analytical and productive

B. Analytical and analysis
C. Transactional and analytical
D. Transactional and analysis
Within the information type there are two different categories transactional and analytical.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
213. Which of the following encompasses all of the information contained within a single
business process or unit of work, and its primary purpose is to support daily operational
tasks?
A. Targeted information
C. Productive information
D. Transactional information
This is the definition of transactional information.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-181
214. Which of the following encompasses all organizational information, and its primary
purpose is to support the performing of managerial analysis tasks?
A. Analytical information
B. Transactional information
C. Statistical information
D. Targeted information
This is the definition of analytical information.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
215. Ben works at a top accounting firm in Salt Lake City, and his responsibilities include
writing letters, memos, and emails along with generating reports for financial analysis and
marketing materials for products. Ben's duties provide value-added to his company and
would be categorized as occurring at the different information _____________.
A. lists
B. formats
C. granularities
D. focus
Ben works at a top accounting firm in Salt Lake City. Some of his responsibilities include
writing letters, memos, faxes, emails, reports, financial spreadsheets, and generating
marketing materials. These are all examples of information formats.

Blooms: Analyze
Difficulty: 3 Hard
6-182
departments and the enterprise as a whole for the executive team to review. Ben's duties
provide value-added to his company and would be categorized as occurring at the
different information _____________.
A. levels
B. formulas
C. granularities
D. focus
Ben works at a top accounting firm in Salt Lake City and his responsibilities include
departments and the enterprise as a whole. Ben's duties provide value-added to his
company and would be categorized as different information levels.

Blooms: Analyze
Difficulty: 3 Hard
6-183
company and would be categorized as occurring at the different information
_____________.
A. levels
B. formats
C. granularities
D. focus
Ben works at a top accounting firm in Salt Lake City, and his responsibilities include
company and would be categorized as different information granularities.

Blooms: Analyze
Difficulty: 3 Hard
218. Which of the following refers to immediate, up-to-date information?
A. Daily information
B. Strategic information
C. Real-time information
D. Crisis information
This is the definition of real-time information.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-184
219. Which of the below does not represent a company that requires up-to-the-second
information?
A. 911 response
B. Stock traders
C. Banks
D. Construction companies
911 response, stock traders, and banks are organizations that require up-to-the-second
information to operate successfully. A construction company can perform successfully
with daily information.

Blooms: Understand
220. Which of the following provides real-time information in response to requests?
A. Sales system
B. Transactional system
C. Real-time system
D. Salary system
This is the definition of real-time systems.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-185
221. Which of the following are examples of transactional information?

B. Trends and sales statistics
C. Product sales results, grocery receipts, and growth projections
D. Airline tickets and sales growth spreadsheets
In the transactional versus analytical information figure, airline ticket, sales receipts, and
packing slips are all examples of transactional information.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
222. Which of the following are examples of analytical information?

B. Hotel reservation, sales receipts, and packing slips
C. Future growth analysis, sales projections, and product statistics
D. Packing slips, grocery receipt, and competitor information
In the transactional versus analytical information figure, trends, future growth, sales
projections, and product statistics are all examples of analytical information.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-186
223. Most people request real-time information without understanding that continual
__________ is one of its biggest pitfalls.
A. improvements
B. change
C. clustering
D. cleansing
Most people request real-time information without understanding one of the biggest
pitfalls associated with real-time information is continual change.

Blooms: Understand
224. Which of the following occurs when the same data element has different values?
A. Data modeling issue

B. Data mining issue
C. Data governance issue
D. Information inconsistency issue
Information inconsistency occurs when the same data element has different values.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-187
225. Which of the following occurs when a system produces incorrect, inconsistent, or
duplicate data?
A. Information inconsistency issue

B. Information integrity issue
C. Data control issue
D. Data mining issue
duplicate data.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
226. Which of the following lists include all of the five characteristics common to high-quality
information?
A. Accuracy, completeness, strength, support, and positive feedback

B. Accuracy, association, referral, sales, and marketing
C. Accuracy, competition, support, customer service, and visibility
D. Accuracy, completeness, consistency, timeliness, and uniqueness
Accuracy, completeness, consistency, timeliness, and uniqueness are the five
characteristics common to high-quality information.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-188
227. Which of the following would not be considered part of the complete characteristic of
high-quality information?
A. Is a value missing from the personal information?

B. Is each transaction represented only once in the information?
C. Is the address incomplete?
D. Is the area code missing for the phone information?
All of the following questions can be asked for the characteristic completeness within the
common characteristics of high-quality information: 1) Is a value missing from the
personal information? 2) Is the address incomplete? and 3) Is the area code missing for
the phone information?

Blooms: Understand
228. Which of the following would not be considered part of the timely characteristic of high-
A. Is the zip code missing in the address?

B. Is the information current with respect to business needs?
C. Is the customer address current?
D. Is the information updated weekly or hourly?
All of the following should be considered for the timely section of characteristic
completeness within the common characteristics of high-quality information: 1) Is the
information current with respect to business needs? 2) Is the order information numbers
current? 3) Are your orders calculated weekly?

Blooms: Understand
6-189
229. Which of the following would not be considered part of the accurate characteristic of high-
A. Is the name spelled correctly?

B. Is the email address invalid?
C. Does the name and the phone values have the exact same information?
D. Is aggregate information in agreement with detailed information?
All of the following should be considered for the accurate section of characteristic
completeness within the common characteristics of high-quality information: 1) Are there
errors in the value information? 2) Is the email value invalid? 3) Does the name and the
phone values have the exact same information?

Blooms: Understand
230. Which of the following would not be considered part of the unique characteristic of high-
A. Are there any duplicate orders?

B. Are there any duplicate customers?
C. Is aggregate information in agreement with detailed information?
D. Is each transaction and event represented only once in the information?
All of the following should be considered for the unique section of characteristic
completeness within the common characteristics of high-quality information: 1) Is each
transaction and event represented only once in the information? 2) Is each value unique?
3) Are there any duplicate customers?

Blooms: Understand
6-190
231. Which of the following would not be considered part of the consistent characteristic of
high-quality information?
A. Do all sales columns equal the total for the revenue column?
B. Is the two digit state code missing in the information?
C. Is all summary information in agreement with detailed information?
D. Does the order number match the item and the color options available?
All of the following should be considered for the consistent section of characteristic
completeness within the common characteristics of high-quality information: 1) Do all
total columns equal the true total of the individual item? 2) Is all summary information in
agreement with detailed information? 3) Does the order number match the item and the
color options available?

Blooms: Understand
232. Which of the following represents a reason for low-quality information?
A. Online customers intentionally enter inaccurate information to protect the privacy.

B. Different systems have different information entry standards and formats.
C. Third-party and external information contains inaccuracies and errors.
All of these choices represent primary reasons for low-quality information.

Blooms: Understand
6-191
233. Some of the serious business consequences that occur due to using low-quality
information to make decisions are all of the following except:
A. Inability to accurately track customers

B. Inability to identify selling opportunities
C. The success of the organization depends on appreciating and leveraging the low-
quality information
D. Lost revenue opportunities from marketing to nonexistent customers
The success of the organization depends on appreciating and leveraging the timely and

Blooms: Understand
234. What is the overall management of the availability, usability, integrity, and security of
company data?
A. Data Intelligence
B. Data governance
C. Data forbearance
D. Data forecasting
This is the definition of data governance.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-192
235. What occurs when the same data element has different values?
C. Data governance
Information inconsistency occurs when the same data element has different values. Take
for example the amount of work that needs to occur to update a customer who had
changed her last name due to marriage.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
236. What occurs when a system produces incorrect, inconsistent, or duplicate data?
C. Data governance
duplicate data.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-193
237. What refers to the overall management of the availability, usability, integrity, and security
of company data?
C. Data governance

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
238. What is the practice of gathering data and ensuring that it is uniform, accurate, consistent,
and complete, including such entities as customers, suppliers, products, sales, employees,
and other critical entities that are commonly integrated across organizational systems?
C. Data governance
integrated across organizational systems.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-194
239. What is information inconsistency?

company data
complete, including such entities as customers, suppliers, products, sales, employees,
and other critical entities that are commonly integrated across organizational systems
Information inconsistency occurs when the same data element has different values. Take
for example the amount of work that needs to occur to update a customer who had
changed her last name due to marriage.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-195
240. What are information integrity issues?

company data
duplicate data.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
241. What is data governance?

company data

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-196
242. What is master data management?

company data
integrated across organizational systems.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-197
243. What is a data steward responsible for?
A. Acting as a liaison between the MIS department and the business

B. Ensuring policies and procedures are implemented across the organization
C. Both acting as a liaison between the MIS department and the business and ensuring
policies and procedures are implemented across the organization
A data steward is responsible for ensuring the policies and procedures are implemented
across the organization and acts as a liaison between the MIS department and the
business.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
244. What is the term for the management and oversight of an organization's data assets to
manner?
A. Data steward
B. Data stewardship
C. Data gap analysis
D. Data governance
manner.

Blooms: Remember
6-198
245. What is the term for the tests and evaluations used to determine compliance with data
governance policies to ensure correctness of data?
A. Data steward
B. Data stewardship
C. Data validation

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
246. What is the term for when a company examines its data to determine if it can meet
exist?
A. Data steward
B. Data stewardship
C. Data validation
Data gap analysis occurs when a company examines its data to determine if it can meet
exist.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-199
247. What is the term for the practice of gathering data and ensuring that it is uniform,
organizational systems?
A. Data governance
C. Data validation

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
248. What is the term for the time it takes for data to be stored or retrieved?
A. Data governance
B. Data latency
C. Data validation

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-200
249. What is data latency?

C. The person responsible for ensuring policies and procedures are implemented across
the organization

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
250. What is data stewardship?

the organization
manner.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-201
251. What is a data steward?

the organization
Data steward is the person responsible for ensuring policies and procedures are
implemented across the organization and acts as a liaison between the MIS department
and the business.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
252. What is data validation?

C. The tests and evaluations used to determine compliance with data governance policies
to ensure correctness of data
Data steward is the person responsible for ensuring policies and procedures are
implemented across the organization and acts as a liaison between the MIS department
and the business.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-202
253. What is data gap analysis?

Data gap analysis is when a company examines its data to determine if it can meet
exist.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-203
254. What is master data management?

complete

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
255. What maintains information about various types of objects, events, people, and places?
A. Database
B. Data model
C. Data mining
D. Data intelligence
This is the definition of a database.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-204
256. A database maintains information on ___________.
A. inventory
B. transactions
C. employees
A database maintains information on inventory, transactions, and employees.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
257. In the relational database model, what is a person, place, thing, transaction, or event
about which information is stored?
A. Entity
B. Relationships
C. Attribute
D. Foreign Key
This is the definition of an entity.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-205
258. Why do relational databases use primary keys and foreign keys?
A. To create an entity
B. To create physical relationships
C. To create logical relationships
D. To create an attribute
Keys are used to create logical relationships.

Blooms: Understand
259. What is a primary key?
This is the definition of primary key.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-206
260. What is a foreign key?
This is the definition of foreign key.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
261. Which of the following creates, reads, updates, and deletes data in a database while
controlling access and security?
A. Database element
B. Database management system
C. Data governance
D. Data File
This is the definition of a database management system.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-207
262. Which of the following asks users to write lines of code to answer questions against a
database?
A. Structured query language

B. Relational query language
C. Structured elements
D. Data mining tools
This is the definition of structured query language (SQL).

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
263. What is the primary tool that retrieves information and helps users graphically design the
answer to a question?
A. Data mining tools

B. Structured example language
C. Query-by-example tool
D. Relational query tool
This is the definition of query-by-example tool.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-208
264. What is the smallest or basic unit of information?
A. Database management element

B. Data element
C. Data model
D. Data integrity issue
This is the definition of data element (or data field).

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
265. What is a logical data structure that details the relationship among data elements using
graphics or pictures?
A. Data model
B. Data element
C. Data mining tool
D. Data mart tool
This is the definition of data models.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-209
266. What compiles all of the metadata about the data elements in the data model?
A. Data entity
B. Data element
C. Data attribute
D. Data dictionary
This is the definition a data dictionary.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
267. Which of the following systems allow users to create, read, update, and delete data in a
relational database?
A. Business intelligence system

B. Informational database system
C. Relational database management system
D. Data mining system
This is the definition of a relational database management system.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-210
268. Which of the following illustrates the primary concepts of the relational database model?
A. Ethics, applications, keys, and relationships

B. Entities, attributes, keys, and relationships
C. Endeavor, aspire, control, and regulate
D. Early, after, before, and future
Entities, attributes, keys, and relationships illustrate the primary concepts of the relational
database model.

Blooms: Understand
269. Which of the following stores information about a person, place, thing, transaction, or
event, and is usually referred to as a table?
A. Entity
B. Extraction
C. Attribute
D. Foreign key
This is the definition of an entity.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-211
270. What is the primary difference between an entity and an attribute?
A. An attribute is a table, an entity is a column from the attribute table.

B. An entity is specific, where as an attribute is not data at all but brainstorming ideas
that take place before the entity is created.
C. An attribute refers to applications, and an entity refers to executives.
D. An entity is a table that stores information about people, places, or events, where as an
attribute is a column or specific field of the data elements associated with an entity.
These are the definition distinctions between entities and attributes.

Blooms: Analyze
Difficulty: 3 Hard
271. What type of keys do you need to use to create a relational database model?
A. Primary keys and secondary keys

B. Primary keys and foreign keys
C. Entity keys and attribute keys
D. Relational keys and DBMS keys
In order to effectively manage and organize various entities within the relational database
model, you need to use primary keys and foreign keys to create logical relationships.

Blooms: Understand
6-212
272. What is a field that uniquely identifies a given record in a table?
A. Foreign key
B. Primary key
C. Data mining key
D. DBMS key
This is the definition of a primary key.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
273. What is the role of a foreign key?
A. It is a primary key of one table that appears as an attribute in another table and acts to
provide a logical relationship between the two tables.
B. It is a unique way to identify each record.
C. Is a field that uniquely identifies a give record in a table.
This is the definition of a foreign key.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-213
274. Your textbook discussed a record store example where one user could perform a query to
determine which recordings had a track length of four minutes or more, and another user
could perform an analysis to determine the distribution of recordings as they relate to the
different categories. This is an advantage of which database example?

This is an increased flexibility advantage.

Blooms: Analyze
Difficulty: 3 Hard
275. Which of the following is a disadvantage of database-stored information?
A. Increased flexibility
B. Increased performance
C. Increased information redundancy
D. Increased information integrity
Database-stored information reduces or decreases information redundancy.

Blooms: Understand
6-214
276. Which of the following is incorrect in reference to a database?
A. A database can be relational or network.

B. Database information is accessed by logical structure.
C. Database information is accessed by physical structure.
D. Database users can have different views of information.
A database accesses information by logical structure and stores information by physical
structure.

Blooms: Understand
277. What is the logical view of information?
A. Deals with the physical storage of information on a storage device such as a hard disk
B. Deals with the logical storage of information on a storage device such as a hard disk
C. Focuses on how users logically access information to meet their particular business
needs
D. Focuses on how users physically access information to meet their particular business
needs
This is the definition of logical view.

Blooms: Understand
6-215
278. Which of the following is correct in reference to a database?
A. A database can support only one logical view.

B. A database can support many physical views.
C. A database can support many logical views.
D. A database can support up to three logical views.
A database can support many logical views.

Blooms: Understand
279. Which of the below is not an example of an advantage of using a relational database?
A. Increased information quality

B. Increased flexibility
C. Decreased information redundancy
D. Decreased information security
All of these are advantages except decreased information security; the advantage is
increased information security.

Blooms: Understand
6-216
280. What is information redundancy?
A. Duplication of data
B. Storing the same data in multiple places
C. Storing duplicate data in multiple places
Information redundancy is all of these choices.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
281. What is the primary problem with redundant information?
A. It is difficult to determine which values are the most current.

B. It is often inconsistent.
C. It is difficult to determine which values are the most accurate.
All of these are problems with redundant information.

Blooms: Understand
6-217
282. Which of the following is true in regards to the elimination of redundant information?
A. Uses additional hard disk space

B. Makes performing information updates harder
Eliminating redundant information improves the quality of the information, uses less hard
disk space, and makes performing updates easier.

Blooms: Understand
283. What are the rules that help ensure the quality of information?
C. Relational integrity constraints
D. Business-critical integrity constraints
This is the definition of integrity constraints.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-218
284. What are rules that enforce basic and fundamental information-based constraints?
B. Integrity constraint
C. Business-critical integrity constraint
D. Relational integrity constraint
This is the definition of relational integrity constraints.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
285. Which of the following is a valid type of integrity constraint?
A. Relational-critical integrity constraint

B. Business integrity constraint
C. Relational integrity constraint
D. Business-critical integrity constraint
Business-critical integrity constraint is valid.

Blooms: Understand
6-219
286. What type of integrity constraint does not allow someone to create an order for a
nonexistent customer?
A. Relational integrity constraint

B. Business-critical integrity constraint
C. Information-critical integrity constraint
D. Mission-critical integrity constraint
This is an example of relational integrity constraints.

Blooms: Understand
287. Which of the following is a business-critical integrity constraint?
A. System will not allow an entry for an order for a nonexistent customer.
B. System will not allow returns of fresh produce after 15 days past delivery.
C. System will not allow shipping a product to a customer who does not have a valid
address.
D. Systems will not allow shipping of a nonexistent product to a customer.
Business-critical integrity constraints will not allow a return of fresh produce after 15
days.

Blooms: Analyze
Difficulty: 3 Hard
6-220
288. What is identity management?
A. Enforces business rules vital to an organization's success

complete
C. A broad administrative area that deals with identifying individuals in a system and
controlling their access to resources within that system

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-221
289. What is the term for is a broad administrative area that deals with identifying individuals in
a system and controlling their access to resources within that system by associating user
rights and restrictions with the established identity?
A. Identity management
C. Data validation
D. Data latency

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
290. Which of the following focuses on how individual users logically access information to
meet their own particular business needs?
A. Physical view
B. Logical view
C. Data mart view
D. Data view
This is the definition of logical view.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-222
291. The example the book gave of www.EllisIsland.org, which generates more than 2.5 billion
hits, is a site that offers a database that can easily adjust to handle massive volumes of
information. What is this an example of?

The Ellis Island website is an example of increased scalability and performance.

Blooms: Understand
292. One of the primary goals of a database is to eliminate information redundancy by

recording each piece of data in only one place in the database. What does the elimination
of information redundancy do for a database?
A. Reduces disk space requirements

B. Makes updating information easier
One primary goal of a database is to eliminate information redundancy by recording each
piece of information in only one place in the database, because it saves disk space,
information updates are easier, and improves information quality.

Blooms: Understand
6-223
293. What are rules that help ensure the quality of information?
C. Information quality
D. Information ethics
This is the definition of integrity constraints.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
294. What are the rules that enforce basic and fundamental information-based constraints?
A. Responsibly integrity constraints

B. Quality constraints
C. Web integrity constraints
D. Relational integrity constraints
This is the definition of relational integrity constraints.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-224
295. Which of the following will enforce business rules vital to an organization's success and
often require more insight and knowledge than relational integrity constraints?
A. Quality business constraints

B. Critical Web constraints
C. Business critical integrity constraints
D. Web integrity constraints
This is the definition of business critical integrity constraints.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
296. What type of website is an interactive website kept constantly updated and relevant to the
needs of its customers using a database?
A. Data-driven website
B. Interactive website
C. Database performing website
D. Data processing website
This is the definition a data-driven website.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-225
297. Which of the following offers an advantage of using a data-driven website?
A. Easy to eliminate human errors

B. Easy to manage content
C. Easy to store large amounts of data
All of these choices are advantages of a data-driven website.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
298. Which of the below statements means the same as easy to manage content?
A. Website owners can make changes only with the aid of MIS professionals.
B. The website can't organize customer data.
C. Users can update data-driven website with little or no training.
D. Users with extensive training can update data-driven websites.
Easy to manage content advantage means that website owners can make changes without
relying on MIS professionals and users can update data-driven website with little or no
training.

Blooms: Understand
6-226
299. Which of the following is not an example of an advantage to using the Web to access
organizational databases?
A. Web browsers are much easier to use than a computer based database.
B. The Web interface requires few or no changes to the database model.
C. It is cleaner and virus-free.
D. It costs less.
There are a number of advantages to using the Web to access company databases
including 1) Web browsers are much easier to use than a computer based database, 2) the
Web interface requires few or no changes to the database model, and 3) it costs less.

Blooms: Remember
300. Which of the below does not describe Zappos's database?
A. Zappos's database was high scalable

B. Zappos's database was highly flexible
C. Zappos's database was highly secure
D. Zappos's database was highly redundant
Zappos.com is a great example of a data-driven website and was ranked as the most
available Internet retailer because it is scalable, highly flexible, and has a secure database.

Blooms: Understand
6-227
301. Which of the following is not an advantage to a data-driven website?
A. Development
B. Minimizing human error
C. Increasing update costs
D. More efficient
A data-driven website cuts production and update costs.

Blooms: Understand
302. Who is the person responsible for creating the original website content?
A. Content creator
B. Content editor
A content creator is the person responsible for creating the original website content.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-228
303. Who is the person responsible for updating and maintaining website content?
A. Content creator
B. Content editor

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
304. What includes fixed data incapable of change in the event of a user action?
A. Content creator
B. Content editor

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-229
305. What includes data that change based on user actions?
A. Content creator
B. Content editor

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
306. What is stored in a dynamic catalog, or an area of a website that stores information about
products in a database?
A. Dynamic website

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-230
307. What is an interactive website kept constantly updated and relevant to the needs of its
customers using a database?
A. Dynamic website

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
308. What is a content creator?

A content creator is the person responsible for creating original website content.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-231
309. What is a content editor?

D. Includes data that change based on user action

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
310. What is static information?


Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-232
311. What is dynamic information?

Dynamic information includes data that change based on user action.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
312. What is a dynamic website?

C. Information is stored in a dynamic catalog, or an area of a website that stores
information about products in a database
D. An interactive website kept constantly updated and relevant to the needs of its
customers using a database

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-233
313. What is data-driven website?

C. Information is stored in a dynamic catalog, or an area of a website that stores
information about products in a database
D. An interactive website kept constantly updated and relevant to the needs of its
customers using a database

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
314. Business analysis is difficult from operational databases. Which of the following is a
reason why?
A. Every department has its own method for recording data

B. Lack of data standards across departments
C. The data, if available, were often incorrect or incomplete
All of these choices are reasons why business analysis is difficult from operational
databases.

Blooms: Analyze
Difficulty: 3 Hard
6-234
315. Business analysis is difficult to achieve from operational databases. Which of the following
is not a reason why?
A. Inconsistent data definitions

B. Lack of data standards
C. Effective direct data access
D. Poor data quality
Operational databases did not offer effective direct data access.

Blooms: Analyze
316. Which of the following is not a dirty data problem?
A. Duplicate data
B. Inaccurate data
C. Specific data
D. Non-integrated data
Specific data is not a dirty data problem.

Blooms: Remember
6-235
317. Companies can choose information cleansing software from several vendors. Which of the
following is not a vendor mentioned in your text?
A. Oracle
B. SAS
C. Ascential Software
D. McAffee
Companies can choose information cleansing software from several vendors, including
Oracle, SAS, Ascential Software, and Group 1 Software.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 3 Hard
318. What is erroneous or flawed data?
A. Data set
B. Dirty data
C. Data map
D. Data point
Dirty data is erroneous or flawed data.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-236
319. What is an organized collection of data?
A. Data set
B. Dirty data
C. Data map
D. Data point

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
320. What is a technique for establishing a match, or balance, between the source data and the
target data warehouse?
A. Data set
B. Dirty data
C. Data map
D. Data point

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-237
321. What is an individual item on a graph or a chart?
A. Data set
B. Dirty data
C. Data map
D. Data point
A data point is an individual item on a graph or a chart.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
322. What is a central location in which data is stored and managed?
A. Repository
B. Data warehouse
C. Data aggregation
D. Data broker
A repository is a central location in which data is stored and managed.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-238
323. What is a collection of data from various sources for the purpose of data processing?
A. Repository
B. Data warehouse
C. Data aggregation
D. Data broker
Data aggregation is a collection of data from various sources for the purpose of data
processing.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
324. What is a business that collects personal information about consumers and sells that
information to other organizations?
A. Repository
B. Data warehouse
C. Data aggregation
D. Data broker

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-239
325. __________ can compare two or more data sets to identify patterns and trends.
D. Competitive analysis
Comparative analysis can compare two or more data sets to identify patterns and trends.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
326. BI can help managers with ___________, where a company keeps tabs of its competitor's
activities on the Web using software that automatically tracks all competitor website
activities such as discounts and new products.
A. comparative analysis
B. competitive monitoring
C. data-driven decision management
D. source data
BI can help managers with competitive monitoring, where a company keeps tabs of its
competitor's activities on the Web using software that automatically tracks all competitor
website activities such as discounts and new products.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-240
327. Which of the following is an approach to business governance that values decisions that
can be backed up with verifiable data?
D. Source data

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
328. Which of the following identifies the primary location where data is collected?
D. Source data
Source data identifies the primary location where data is collected.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-241
329. What is a storage repository that holds a vast amount of raw data in its original format
until the business needs it?
A. Data broker
B. Data lake
C. Data map
D. Data point

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
330. What is a data broker?
A. A business that collects personal information about consumers and sells that
information to other organizations
business needs it
C. A technique for establishing a match, or balance, between the source data and the
target data warehouse
verifiable data

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-242
331. What is a data lake?
business needs it
verifiable data

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-243
332. What is a data map?
business needs it
verifiable data

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-244
333. What is data-driven decision management?
business needs it
verifiable data

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
334. What is source data?

business needs it
verifiable data
Source data identifies the primary location where data is collected.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-245
335. What is a data point?

B. An individual item on a graph or chart
verifiable data

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
336. Business intelligence can provide managers with the ability to make better decisions.
Which of the following is not an example of how different industries use business
intelligence?

D. All of these choices are examples of how industries use business intelligence.
All of these choices are examples of how industries use business intelligence.

Blooms: Remember
6-246
337. Business intelligence can provide managers with the ability to make better decisions.
Which of the following is not an example of how different industries use business
intelligence?
A. Predict claim amounts and medical coverage costs

B. Track crime patterns, locations, and criminal behavior
C. Identify the primary locations where data is collected
D. Predict sales, inventory levels, and distribution
All of these choices are examples of how industries use business intelligence except
identify the primary locations where data is collected, which is the definition of source
data.

Blooms: Remember
338. Which of the following questions is an example of how managers can use BI to answer
tough business questions?

D. All of these questions
All of these questions are examples of how managers can use BI to answer tough
business questions.

Blooms: Remember
6-247
339. Managers can use BI to answer tough business questions. Which of the following
describes the value of knowing where the business has been?
B. Looking at the current business situation allows managers to take effective action to
solve issues before they grow out of control.
A historical perspective offers important variables for determining trends and patterns.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 3 Hard
describes the value of knowing where the business has been?
Looking at the current business situation allows managers to take effective action to solve

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 3 Hard
6-248
describes the value of knowing where the business is now?
Looking at the current business situation allows managers to take effective action to solve

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 3 Hard
describes the value of knowing where the business is going?
Setting strategic direction is critical for planning and creating solid business strategies.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 3 Hard
6-249
343. Data-driven decision management is usually undertaken as a way to gain a competitive
advantage. A study from the MIT Center for Digital Business found that organizations
driven most by data-based decision making had _________ productivity rates and
____________ profits.
A. 4% lower, 6% higher
B. 4% higher, 6% lower
C. 4% higher, 6% higher
D. 4% lower, 6% lower
A study from the MIT Center for Digital Business found that organizations driven most by
data-based decision making had 4% higher productivity rates and 6% higher profits.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 3 Hard
344. Business analysis is difficult from operational databases. Which of the following is not a
reason why?

B. When sharing data, it matches and users get the data they need.
C. The data is of poor quality.
All of the following are reasons why business analysis is different except when sharing
data, it matches and users get the data they need.

Blooms: Analyze
6-250
345. Business analysis is difficult from operational databases. Which of the following is not a
reason why?

B. Data stored in operational databases did not allow users direct access.
C. The data is standardized.
All of the following are reasons why business analysis is different except the data is
standardized.

Blooms: Analyze
346. What does standardization of data elements accomplish?
A. Greater accuracy
B. Completeness and completeness
C. Increases the quality of information
Standardization of data elements allows for greater accuracy, completeness, and
consistency and increases the quality of the information in making strategic business
decisions.

Blooms: Remember
6-251
347. In which ways does a data warehouse enable business users to be more effective?
A. Analyzing trends
B. Identifying financial issues
C. Understanding competitors
Standardization of data elements allows for greater accuracy, completeness, and
consistency and increases the quality of the information in making strategic business
decisions.

Blooms: Remember
348. Businesses collect a tremendous amount of _____________ information as part of their

routine operations.
A. operational
B. transactional
C. aggregate
D. comparative
Businesses collect a tremendous amount of transactional information as part of their
routine operations.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 3 Hard
6-252
349. Kassandra Young is a business manager at Weith Productions. Although she does not
have a background in technology, her job requires her to work with analytical tools to
make data-driven decisions. To make her job easier, what can she customize to display
data quickly and run custom reports?
A. Data point
C. Dashboard
D. Data set
Business managers can customize dashboards to display the data they want to see and
run custom reports on the fly.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 3 Hard
350. What are processes and manages algorithms across many machines in a computing
environment?
D. Data artist

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Big Data
6-253
351. What focuses on forecasting future trends and producing insights using sophisticated
simulation, and optimization?
D. Data artist

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Big Data
6-254
352. What is distributed computing?

D. A business analytics specialist who uses visual tools to help people understand
complex data

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Big Data
6-255
353. What focuses on forecasting future trends and producing insights using sophisticated
simulation, and optimization?
A. Big Data
D. Data scientist

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Big Data
354. In terms of Big Data, what is variety?


Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Big Data
6-256
355. In terms of Big Data, what is veracity?


Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Big Data
356. In terms of Big Data, what is volume?


Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Big Data
6-257
357. In terms of Big Data, what is velocity?


Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Big Data
358. In terms of Big Data, what includes different forms of structured and unstructured data?
A. Variety
B. Veracity
C. Volume
D. Velocity

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Big Data
6-258
359. In terms of Big Data, what includes the uncertainty of data, including biases, noise, and
abnormalities?
A. Variety
B. Veracity
C. Volume
D. Velocity

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Big Data
360. In terms of Big Data, what includes the scale of data?
A. Variety
B. Veracity
C. Volume
D. Velocity

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Big Data
6-259
361. In terms of Big Data, what includes the analysis of streaming data as it travels around the
Internet?
A. Variety
B. Veracity
C. Volume
D. Velocity

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Big Data
362. What is a collection of large, complex data sets, including structured and unstructured
data, which can't be analyzed using traditional database methods and tools?
A. Big Data
D. Data scientist

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Big Data
6-260
363. What is Big Data?
A. A collection of large, complex data sets, including structured and unstructured data,
which can't be analyzed using traditional database methods and tools
information

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Big Data
6-261
364. What is distributed computing?
information

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Big Data
6-262
365. What is advanced analytics?
information

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Big Data
6-263
366. What is the process of analyzing data to extract information not offered by the raw data
alone?
A. Data integrity
B. Data mart analysis
C. Data mining
D. Data extraction
data alone.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Data Mining
367. What are the two main objectives associated with data mining?
A. Uncovering tactics and plans

B. Uncovering trends and patterns
C. Uncovering intelligence and unstructured data issues
D. Uncovering competitors and market advantages
The two main objectives of data mining are uncovering trends and patterns.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Data Mining
6-264
368. Which of the following uses a variety of techniques to find patterns and relationships in
large volumes of information that predict future behavior and guide decision making?
A. Data analysis tools

B. Electronic analysis tools
C. Data-mining tools
D. Data integrity tools
Data-mining tools uses a variety of techniques to find patterns and relationships in large

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Data Mining
369. Which of the following is not a common form of data mining analysis?
A. Division organization
B. Classification
C. Estimation
D. Clustering
Data mining approaches decision making with a few different activities in mind include
classification, estimation, affinity grouping, and clustering.

Blooms: Understand
Topic: Data Mining
6-265
370. Which of the following forms of data mining assigns records to one of a predefined set of
classes?
A. Clustering
B. Classification
C. Estimation
D. Affinity grouping

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Data Mining
371. What is another term for data that is already contained in a database or a spreadsheet?
A. Structured data
C. Text mining
D. Web mining
Structured data is another term for data that is already contained in a database or a
spreadsheet.

Blooms: Understand
Topic: Data Mining
6-266
372. What is another term for data that does not exist in a fixed location?
A. Structured data
C. Text mining
D. Web mining
Unstructured data does not exist in a fixed location.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Data Mining
373. What analyzes unstructured data to find trends and patterns in words and sentences?
A. Structured data
C. Text analytics
D. Web analytics
sentences.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Data Mining
6-267
374. What is Web analytics?
A. Unstructured data associated with websites to identify consumer behavior and website
navigation
B. Analyzes structured data associated with a website
C. Filters information, both structured and unstructured, to help identify strong Web
customers
Web analytics is unstructured data associated with websites to identify consumer

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Data Mining
375. What is the technique used to divide information sets into mutually exclusive groups such
that the members of each group are as close together as possible to one another and the
different groups are as far apart as possible?
A. Statistical detection
B. Cluster analysis
C. Association detection
D. Social media analytics
Cluster analysis is the technique used to divide information sets into mutually exclusive

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Data Mining
6-268
376. What is an example of using cluster analysis in business to create target-marketing
strategies?
A. Google search
B. First name information
C. Zip code segmentation
D. Last name associations
A great example of using cluster analysis in business is to create target-marketing
strategies based on zip codes.

Blooms: Understand
Topic: Data Mining
377. Which of the below reveals the relationship between variables along with the nature and
frequency of the relationship?
A. Association detection
B. Masking detection tool
C. Cluster grouping
D. Blocking barriers
Association detection below reveals the relationship between variables along with the
nature and frequency of the relationship.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Data Mining
6-269
378. What is a common association detection analysis technique where you analyze certain
items to detect customers' buying behavior and predict future behavior?
A. Clustering factors
B. Mashup technology
C. Market basket analysis
D. Drill-down basket analysis
Market basket analysis a common association detection analysis technique where you
analyze certain items to detect customers' buying behavior and predict future behavior.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Data Mining
379. What is prediction?
A. A statement about what will happen or might happen in the future, for example,
predicting future sales or employee turnover
B. A statistical process that finds the way to make a design, system, or decision as
effective as possible, for example, finding the values of controllable variables that
determine maximal productivity or minimal waste

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Data Mining
6-270
380. What is optimization?

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Data Mining
381. What are forecasts?

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Data Mining
6-271
382. What is regression?
Regression is a statistical process for estimating the relationships among variables.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Data Mining
383. What is a statement about what will happen or might happen in the future, for example,
predicting future sales or employee turnover?
A. Prediction
B. Optimization
C. Forecasting
D. Regression

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Data Mining
6-272
384. What is a statistical process that finds the way to make a design, system, or decision as
determine maximal productivity or minimal waste?
A. Prediction
B. Optimization
C. Forecasting
D. Regression

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Data Mining
385. What are predictions based on time-series information?
A. Prediction
B. Optimization
C. Forecasting
D. Regression

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Data Mining
6-273
386. What is a statistical process for estimating the relationships among variables?
A. Prediction
B. Optimization
C. Forecasting
D. Regression
Regression is a statistical process for estimating the relationships among variables.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Data Mining
387. What is classification?
A. Determines values for an unknown continuous variable behavior or estimated future

value

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Data Mining
6-274
388. What is estimation?

value
future value.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Data Mining
389. What is affinity grouping?

value
Affinity grouping determines which things go together.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Data Mining
6-275
390. What is clustering?

value

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Data Mining
391. What assigns records to one of a predefined set of classes?
A. Classification
B. Estimation
D. Clustering

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Data Mining
6-276
392. What determines values for an unknown continuous variable behavior or estimated future
value?
A. Classification
B. Estimation
D. Clustering
future value.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Data Mining
393. What determines which things go together?
A. Classification
B. Estimation
D. Clustering
Affinity grouping determines which things go together.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Data Mining
6-277
394. What segments a heterogeneous population of more homogeneous subgroups?
A. Classification
B. Estimation
D. Clustering

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Data Mining
395. What is data mining?
A. The common term for the representation of multidimensional information

B. A particular attribute of information
C. Uses a variety of techniques to find patterns and relationships in large volumes of
information and infer rules from them that predict future behavior and guide decision
making
D. Process of analyzing data to extract information not offered by the raw data alone
data alone.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Data Mining
6-278
396. What displays information graphically so it can be easily understood?
A. Informing
B. Infographics
Infographics (information graphics) displays information graphically so it can be easily
understood.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
397. What can present the results of large data analysis looking for patterns and relationships
that monitor changes in variables over time?
A. Informing
B. Infographics
Infographics can present the results of large data analysis looking for patterns and

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-279
398. What describes technologies that allow users to "see" or visualize data to transform
information into a business perspective?
A. Informing
B. Infographics
Data visualization describes technologies that allow users to "see" or visualize data to

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
399. What move beyond Excel graphs and charts into sophisticated analysis techniques such as
pie charts, controls, instruments, maps, time-series graphs, and more?
A. Informing
B. Infographics
Data visualization tools move beyond Excel graphs and charts into sophisticated analysis

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-280
400. What can help uncover correlations and trends in data that would otherwise go
unrecognized?
A. Informing
B. Infographics
Data visualization tools can help uncover correlations and trends in data that would

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
401. What tracks corporate metrics such as critical success factors and key performance
indicators and include advanced capabilities such as interactive controls allowing users to
manipulate data for analysis?
A. Informing
B. Infographics
Business intelligence dashboards track corporate metrics such as critical success factors
and key performance indicators and include advanced capabilities such as interactive
controls allowing users to manipulate data for analysis.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-281
402. What is a data scientist?
information
A data scientist extracts knowledge from data by performing statistical analysis, data
mining, and advanced analytics on Big Data to identify trends, market changes, and other
relevant information.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-282
403. What processes and manages algorithms across many machines in a computing
environment?
A. Big Data
D. Data scientist

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
404. What is social media analytics?
messages
D. Analyzes unstructured data associated with websites to identify consumer behavior
and website navigation

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-283
405. What is speech analytics?
messages

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-284
406. What is text analytics?
messages
sentences.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-285
407. What is Web analytics?
messages

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
408. What analyzes text flowing across the Internet, including unstructured text from blogs and
messages?

B. Speech analytics
C. Text analytics
D. Web analytics

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-286
409. What is the process of analyzing recorded calls to gather information; brings structure to
interactions with an enterprise?

B. Speech analytics
C. Text analytics
D. Web analytics

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
410. What analyzes unstructured data to find trends and patterns in words and sentences?

B. Speech analytics
C. Text analytics
D. Web analytics
sentences.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-287
411. What analyzes unstructured data associated with websites to identify consumer behavior
and website navigation?

B. Speech analytics
C. Text analytics
D. Web analytics

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
412. What are advanced analytics?

complex data

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-288
413. What is analysis paralysis?

complex data
the outcome.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-289
414. What is a data artist?

complex data
Data artist is a business analytics specialist who uses visual tools to help people

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-290
415. What occurs when the user goes into an emotional state of over-analysis (or over-
thinking) a situation so that a decision or action is never taken, in effect paralyzing the
outcome?
D. Data artist
the outcome.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
416. What is a business analytics specialist who uses visual tools to help people understand
complex data?
D. Data artist
A data artist is a business analytics specialist who uses visual tools to help people

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-291
417. What occurs when the user goes into an emotional state of over-analysis (or over-
thinking) a situation so that a decision or action is never taken, in effect paralyzing the
outcome?
A. Analytical paradox
B. Analytical analysis
D. Analysis paradox
the outcome.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
418. What is fast data?

B. A data value that is numerically distant from most of the other data points in a set of
data
D. The application of Big Data analytics to smaller data sets in near-real or real-time in
order to solve a problem or create business value
Fast data is the application of Big Data analytics to smaller data sets in near-real or real-
time in order to solve a problem or create business value.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-292
419. What an outlier?

B. A data value that is numerically distant from most of the other data points in a set of
data
D. The application of Big Data analytics to smaller data sets in near-real or real-time in
order to solve a problem or create business value
An outlier is a data value that is numerically distant from most of the other data points in a
set of data.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
420. What is a data value that is numerically distant from most of the other data points in a set
of data?
A. Fast data
B. Outlier
D. Cube
An outlier is a data value that is numerically distant from most of the other data points in a
set of data.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-293
421. What is the application of Big Data analytics to smaller data sets in near-real or real-time
in order to solve a problem or create business value?
A. Fast data
B. Outlier
D. Cube
Fast data is the application of Big Data analytics to smaller data sets in near-real or real-
time in order to solve a problem or create business value.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
422. What is it called when a manager has so much data and information that he or she can't
make a decision?
A. Data rich, information poor

B. Data rich, content poor
C. Data rich, communication poor
D. Data rich, intelligence
The critical problem still facing managers today when there is so much information to
analyze and having so many tools at our fingertips is data rich, yet information poor.

Blooms: Understand
6-294
423. Which of the below questions can be answered using business intelligence?

All are outlined in the book.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
424. What is information that people use to support their decision-making efforts?
A. Information cleansing and scrubbing

B. Data-mining tools
C. Data mining
D. Business intelligence
This is the definition of business intelligence.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-295
425. How would the airline industry use business intelligence?

The airline industry would use business intelligence to analyze popular vacation locations
with current flight listings.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
426. How would the banking industry use business intelligence?

The banking industry would use business intelligence to understand customer credit card
usage and nonpayment rates.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-296
427. How would the health care industry use business intelligence?

The health care industry would use business intelligence to compare the demographics of
patients with critical illnesses.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
428. How would the insurance industry use business intelligence?

The insurance industry would use business intelligence to predict claim amounts and
medical coverage costs.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-297
429. How would the law enforcement industry use business intelligence?

The law enforcement industry would use business intelligence to track crime patterns,
locations, and criminal behavior.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
430. How would the marketing industry use business intelligence?

The marketing industry would use business intelligence to analyze customer
demographics.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-298
431. How would the retail industry use business intelligence?

The retail industry would use business intelligence to predict sales, inventory levels, and
distribution.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
432. How would the technology industry use business intelligence?

The technology industry would use business intelligence to predict hardware failures.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-299
433. A data warehouse is a _________ collection of information, gathered from many different
___________ databases, that supports business analysis activities and decision-making
tasks.
A. logical; operational
B. physical; operational
C. logical; transactional
D. physical; transactional
This is the definition of data warehouse.

Blooms: Understand
434. Which of the following is incorrect in terms of data warehousing and business
intelligence?
A. Does not include information from other operational applications

B. Operational systems are integrated
C. Operational information is mainly current
D. Operational information frequently has quality issues
Operational systems are not integrated.

Blooms: Analyze
Difficulty: 3 Hard
6-300
435. What do data warehouses support?
A. OLAP
B. Analytical processing
C. OLTP
D. OLAP and analytical processing
Data warehouses support OLAP, which is analytical processing.

Blooms: Understand
436. The primary purpose of a data warehouse is to _____________.
A. combine strategic information

B. organize departments
C. interface between the computer and employees
The primary purpose of a data warehouse is to combine information, more specifically,
strategic information, throughout an organization into a single repository in such a way
that the people who need that information can make decisions and undertake business
analysis.

Blooms: Understand
6-301
437. Gender can be referred to in many ways (Male, Female, M/F, 1/0) in a data warehouse.
Ensuring gender is referenced the same way is an example of ___________.
A. information scaling
B. streamlining data points
C. standardizing information
D. standardizing protocols
Data warehouses standardize information.

Blooms: Understand
438. Why were data warehouses created?
A. Numbers and types of operational databases increased as businesses grew.

B. Many companies had information scattered across multiple systems with different
formats.
C. Completing reporting requests from numerous operational systems took days or weeks.
Data warehouse evolved and was created because of these business challenges: 1)
numbers and types of operational databases increased, 2) many companies had
information scattered across multiple systems with different file types, and 3) completing
reporting requests from numerous operational systems took days or weeks.

Blooms: Understand
6-302
439. What is extraction, transformation, and loading?
A. It is a process of entering data, tracking data, and loading it into a database.

B. It is a process that extracts information from internal and external databases,
transforms it using a common set of enterprise definitions, and loads it into a data
warehouse.
C. It is a process that is performed at the end of the data warehouse model prior to
putting the information in a cube.
D. It is a process that is performed at the beginning of the data mining model.
ETL is a process that extracts information from internal and external databases,
transforms it using a common set of enterprise definitions, and loads it into a data
warehouse.

Blooms: Understand
440. Which of the following is an examples of external databases in the data warehouse
model?

B. Data mart 1, data mart 2, and data mart 3
D. Marketing information, sales information, and stock market analysis
Within the beginning stage of the data warehouse models process competitor information,
industry information, mailing lists, and stock market analysis are included in the external
databases.

Blooms: Understand
6-303
441. Which of the following is an examples of an external databases in the data warehouse
model?
A. Marketing information
B. Sales information
C. Competitor information
Within the beginning stage of the data warehouse models process competitor information,
industry information, mailing lists, and stock market analysis are included in the external
databases.

Blooms: Understand
442. Which of the following describes ETL?
A. A process that extracts information from internal and external databases

B. A process that transforms information using a common set of enterprise definitions
C. A process that loads information into a data warehouse
All of these choices describe ETL.

Blooms: Analyze
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-304
443. Which of the following statements is true regarding customer information?
A. Customer information can exist in several operational systems.

B. Customer information in each operational system could change.
C. Customer information in each operational system can be different.
All of these choices are true with respect to customer information.

Blooms: Understand
444. Which of the following occurs during data cleansing?
A. Clean missing records

B. Clean redundant records
C. Clean inaccurate data
The figure on information cleansing activities highlights the steps that occur during
information cleansing.

Blooms: Understand
6-305
445. Which of the following occurs during data cleansing?
A. Clean data marts

B. Clean redundant customer data
C. Clean accurate data
D. Clean correct data
The figure on information cleansing activities highlights the steps that occur during
information cleansing including cleaning customer data.

Blooms: Understand
446. Which of the following statements is true?
A. The more complete an organization wants to get its information, the less it costs.
B. The more accurate an organization wants to get its information, the less it costs.
C. The less accurate an organization wants to get its information, the more it costs.
D. The more complete and accurate an organization wants to get its information, the more
it costs.
The more complete and accurate an organization wants to get its information, the more it
costs.

Blooms: Understand
6-306
447. Within the beginning stage of the data warehouse models process, which of the following
are included in the internal databases?

B. Data mart 1, data mart 2, data mart 3
D. Marketing information, and stock market analysis numbers
Within the beginning stage of the data warehouse models process, marketing, sales,
inventory, and billing are included in the internal databases.

Blooms: Understand
448. What is the ultimate outcome of a data warehouse?
A. Data goals
B. Data relationships
C. Data marketing
D. Data marts
Within the ending stage of the data warehouse models process, after the data warehouse
step, the end results are marketing data mart, inventory data mart, and sales data mart.

Blooms: Understand
6-307
449. Which of the following contains a subset of data warehouse information?
A. Data miner
B. Data mart
C. Data pool
D. Data analyzing tool

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
450. What are the primary differences between a data warehouse and a data mart?
A. Data warehouses make quick decisions, data marts make slow decisions.
B. Data warehouse tackle ethical issues, data marts tackle hypothetical issues.
C. Data warehouses have a more organization-wide focus, data marts have functional
focus.
D. Data warehouses have a physical focus, data marts have logical focus.
The primary differences between a data warehouse and data marts is think of a data
warehouse as having a more organizational focus, and data mart as having a functional
focus.

Blooms: Understand
6-308
451. Which of the following is the common term for the representation of multidimensional
information?
A. Block
B. Square
C. Column
D. Cube
This is the definition of a cube.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
452. What is another term for information cleansing?
A. Information mining
B. Information scrubbing
C. Information scrapping
D. Information marts

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-309
453. What determines the accuracy and completeness of organizational data?
A. Data quantity audit

B. Data quality audit
C. Data intelligence audit
D. Data accuracy audit
This is the definition of a data quality audits.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
454. Which of the following is not an information cleansing activity?
A. Identifies redundant records

B. Identifies inaccurate or incomplete data
C. Identifies missing records or attributes
D. Identifies sales trends
Information cleansing activities include 1) missing records or attributes, 2) redundant
records, 3) missing keys or other required data, 4) erroneous relationships or references,
and 5) inaccurate or incomplete data.

Blooms: Understand
6-310
455. What is erroneous or flawed data?
A. Dirty data
C. Information Scrubbing
D. ETL
Dirty data is erroneous or flawed data.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
456. Which of the following is a problem associated with dirty data?
A. Duplicate data
B. Incorrect data
Dirty data includes all of these choices.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-311
A. Duplicate data
B. Correct data
C. Accurate data
Dirty data includes duplicate data.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
A. Inaccurate data
B. Misleading data
C. Non-formatted data

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-312
A. Inaccurate data
B. Nonintegrated data

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
A. Accurate data
B. Integrated data
Dirty data includes violates business rules.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
6-313
A. Non-formatted data
B. Misleading data
C. Incorrect data

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
A. Formatted data
B. Misleading data
C. Correct data
Dirty data includes misleading data.

Blooms: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Essay Questions
6-314
463. Explain the four primary traits that determine the value of information.
Information is data converted into a meaningful and useful context. Information can tell an
organization how its current operations are performing and help it estimate and strategize
about how future operations might perform. It is important to understand the different
levels, formats, and granularities of information along with the four primary traits that help
determine the value of information, which include (1) information type: transactional and
analytical; (2) information timeliness; (3) information quality; (4) information governance.
Blooms: Analyze
Difficulty: 3 Hard
464. Describe a database, a database management system, and the relational database model.
A database maintains information about various types of objects (inventory), events

(transactions), people (employees), and places (warehouses). A database management
system (DBMS) creates, reads, updates, and deletes data in a database while controlling
access and security. A DBMS provides methodologies for creating, updating, storing, and
retrieving data in a database. In addition, a DBMS provides facilities for controlling data
access and security, allowing data sharing, and enforcing data integrity. The relational
database model allows users to create, read, update, and delete data in a relational
database.
Blooms: Analyze
Difficulty: 3 Hard
6-315
465. Identify the business advantages of a relational database.
Many business managers are familiar with Excel and other spreadsheet programs they can
use to store business data. Although spreadsheets are excellent for supporting some data
analysis, they offer limited functionality in terms of security, accessibility, and flexibility
and can rarely scale to support business growth. From a business perspective, relational
databases offer many advantages over using a text document or a spreadsheet, including
increased flexibility, increased scalability and performance, reduced information
redundancy, increased information integrity (quality), and increased information security.
Blooms: Analyze
Difficulty: 3 Hard
466. Explain the business benefits of a data-driven website.

the needs of its customers using a database. Data-driven capabilities are especially useful
when the website offers a great deal of information, products, or services because visitors
are frequently annoyed if they are buried under an avalanche of information when
searching a website. Many companies use the Web to make some of the information in
their internal databases available to customers and business partners.
Blooms: Analyze
Difficulty: 3 Hard
6-316
467. Define a data warehouse, and provide a few reasons it can make a manager more
effective.
A data warehouse is a logical collection of information, gathered from many different

operational databases, that supports business analysis and decision making. The primary
value of a data warehouse is to combine information, more specifically, strategic
information, throughout an organization into a single repository in such a way that the
people who need that information can make decisions and undertake business analysis.
Blooms: Analyze
Difficulty: 3 Hard
468. Explain ETL and the role of a data mart in business.
Extraction, transformation, and loading (ETL) is a process that extracts information from
internal and external databases, transforms it using a common set of enterprise
definitions, and loads it into a data warehouse. The data warehouse then sends portions
(or subsets) of the information to data marts. A data mart contains a subset of data
warehouse information. To distinguish between data warehouses and data marts, think of
data warehouses as having a more organizational focus and data marts as having a
functional focus.
Blooms: Analyze
Difficulty: 3 Hard
6-317
469. Identify the advantages of using business intelligence to support managerial decision
making.
Many organizations today find it next to impossible to understand their own strengths and
weaknesses, let alone their biggest competitors, due to enormous volumes of
organizational data being inaccessible to all but the MIS department. Organization data
include far more than simple structured data elements in a database; the set of data also
includes unstructured data such as voice mail, customer phone calls, text messages, video
clips, along with numerous new forms of data, such as tweets from Twitter. Managers
today find themselves in the position of being data rich and information poor, and they
need to implement business intelligence systems to solve this challenge.
Blooms: Analyze
Difficulty: 3 Hard
470. Define data mining, and explain the three common forms for mining structured and
unstructured data.
data alone. Data mining can also begin at a summary information level (coarse granularity)
and progress through increasing levels of detail (drilling down), or the reverse (drilling up).
Data mining occurs on structured data that are already in a database or a spreadsheet.
Unstructured data do not exist in a fixed location and can include text documents, PDFs,
voice messages, emails, and so on. Three common forms for mining structured and
unstructured data are cluster analysis, association detection, and statistical analysis.
Blooms: Analyze
Difficulty: 3 Hard
Topic: Data Mining
6-318

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M INFORMATION SYSTEMS 4TH

EDITION BALTZAN TEST BANK

Test Bank: https://testbankpack.com/p/test-bank-for-m-information-

Solution Manual: https://testbankpack.com/p/solution-manual-for-m-

Data: Business Intelligence

True / False Questions

5. Organizational information has three characteristics including timeliness, quality, and

10. Information granularity means immediate, up-to-date information.

16. Timely information must be up-to-the-second to be accurate.

21. Accurate information asks if there is an incorrect value in the information.

41. Determining if information is updated weekly, daily, or hourly is an example of an accurate

45. A foreign key provides details about data.

55. A record is a collection of related data elements.

58. A primary key is the smallest or basic unit of information.

61. A DBMS provides details about data.

65. A field is a collection of related data elements.

66. A foreign key uniquely identifies a given record in a table.

78. Information integrity is a measure of the quality of information.

81. Information constraints is a measure of the quality of information.

101.A repository is a central location in which data is stored and managed.

102.A data mart contains a subset of data warehouse information.

107.Dirty data is erroneous or flawed data.

108.A repository is a central location in which data is stored and managed.

111.Data warehouses struggle with combining too much standardized information.

112.The primary purpose of a data warehouse is to perform transactional processes.

113.The primary purpose of a data warehouse is to perform analytical process.

115.A data miner contains a subset of data warehouse information.

116.A data mart contains a subset of data warehouse information.

118.ETL stands for extraction, transformation, and loading.

129.A data set is an organized collection of data.

134.A data broker is an individual item on a graph or a chart.

142.A data point is an individual item on a graph or chart.

143.Organizational data includes simple structured data elements in a database.

144.A data set is an individual item on a graph or chart.

145.A data set is an organized collection of data.

148.Variety includes different forms of structured and unstructured data.

150.Volume includes the scale of data.

152.Velocity includes different forms of structured and unstructured data.

154.Distributed computing processes and manages algorithms across many machines in a

163.Forecasts are predictions based on time-series information.

164.Regression is a statistical process for estimating the relationships among variables. It

167.Regression is a prediction based on time-series information.

168.Optimization is a statistical process for estimating the relationships among variables.

169.Classification assigns records to one of a predefined set of classes.

171.Affinity grouping determine which things go together.

172.Clustering segments a heterogeneous population of more homogeneous subgroups.

173.Clustering assigns records to one of a predefined set of classes.

175.Estimation determine which things go together.

176.Classification segments a heterogeneous population of more homogeneous subgroups.

183.Advanced analytics processes and manages algorithms across many machines in a

Multiple Choice Questions

A. Levels, forms, granularities

196.Which of the following represents the different information levels?

A. Detail, summary, aggregate

A. Detail, summary, aggregate

198.Which of the following represents the different information granularities?

A. Detail, summary, aggregate

199.Which of the following is not a primary trait of information?

202.What is immediate, up-to-date information?

203.What provides real-time information in response to query requests?

204.What is one of the biggest pitfalls associated with real-time information?

A. It is only available to high-level executives due to the expense.

206.What is a real-time system?

A. Provides immediate, up-to-date information