DMSFI RESEARCH FORMAT

Research is one of the trifocal functions of the Davao Medical School Foundation,
Inc. (DMSFI) alongside with instruction and community extension. The members of the
DMSFI community are encouraged to conduct research to develop new ideas, tools or
technology that will be used in the improvement of our health care delivery and educational
system.

The students of the Davao Medical School Foundation, Inc. are required to conduct
their thesis. This is an original research that will provide a significant contribution in their
field or will be utilized by potential users. The thesis begins with a research proposal
which is formulated during the Research Methods course which will be evaluated and
approved by the Review Ethics Committee (REC) and thesis defense panel. Once
approved, the students proceed to data collection. After data gathering, processing,
interpretation and writing, the final research write-up is developed, presented to the
thesis defense panel, revised, and submitted to the college in hard bound copies. For
graduate students, five hard-bound copies and two copies of electronic file are required
prior to graduation.

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 The following section describes the a) capsule proposal; b) full-blown proposal and
c) research write-up. This section also shows the thesis presentation and submission
guidelines.

A. CAPSULE PROPOSAL

A capsule proposal is a three to five-page document that BRIEFLY shows why and
how the study will be done. This document contains the following parts: a) brief
background to justify why a study has to be done; b) general and specific objectives; c)
significance of the study; and d) brief description of the methodology which contains
the research design, setting, population, sampling design, variables (dependent and
independent variables), data collection method/s and plan of analysis. The capsule
proposal is written and presented before a panel of researchers or research mentors
during the Research Methods course. If the capsule format is approved, full proposal
development will follow.

B. RESEARCH PROPOSAL (FULL-BLOWN)

A research proposal (full-blown) is a document that shows a comprehensive

justification for doing the research study and a detailed description of the whole research
process. This is composed of only two parts, the Introduction and Methodology (which is
written in the future tense). The review of related literature is found in the first chapter. The
outline of the research proposal is given below. See guidelines for writing a research
proposal in pages 41 to 67 of this document.

Research Proposal Outline

1. PRELIMINARIES
TITLE PAGE
APPROVAL SHEET FOR DATA COLLECTION
TABLE OF CONTENTS
LIST OF TABLES
LIST OF FIGURES

2. TEXT BODY

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INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
OBJECTIVES
HYPOTHESIS
SIGNIFICANCE (Note: In the final write-up, this section is integrated in the
DISCUSSION)
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Theoretical Framework
Conceptual Framework
DEFINITION OF TERMS
LIST OF ACRONYMS

METHODOLOGY
RESEARCH DESIGN
SETTING
POPULATION
VARIABLES AND MEASURES
SAMPLING
Sampling Design
Randomization
Estimation of Sample Size
DATA COLLECTION PROCEDURE
DATA ANALYSIS (Note: In the final write-up, this section is integrated in
the RESULTS)
LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY (Note: In the final write-up, this section is
integrated in the DISCUSSION)

ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS

REFERENCES
APPENDICES

C. FINAL WRITE-UP (Final Research Submission)

The final write-up is a document that shows the detailed description of the whole
research process. This is composed of the preliminary pages, the Introduction and the
Methodology (which is written in past tense). The review of related literature is found in
the first chapter. The outline of the final write-up is given below. See guidelines for writing
a final write up.

FINAL MANUSCRIPT OUTLINE

3. PRELIMINARIES

TITLE PAGE

3
 THESIS APPROVAL SHEET
ABSTRACT
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
LIST OF TABLES
LIST OF FIGURES

4. TEXT BODY

INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
OBJECTIVES
HYPOTHESIS
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Theoretical Framework
Conceptual Framework
DEFINITION OF TERMS
LIST OF ACRONYMS

METHODOLOGY
RESEARCH DESIGN
SETTING
POPULATION
VARIABLES AND MEASURES
SAMPLING
Sampling Design
Randomization
Estimation of Sample Size
DATA COLLECTION PROCEDURE
ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS

RESULTS
RESULTS
DISCUSSION
SUMMARY/CONCLUSIONS
RECOMMENDATIONS

REFERENCES
APPENDICES

FORMATTING GUIDELINES

PAPER SIZE AND MARGIN

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 All manuscripts must be printed on white, 8 ½ x 11-inch paper. Page margins should be
one- and one-half inch (1 1/2 in or 3.81 cm) on the left, and one inch (1 in or 2.54cm) on
the top, right, and bottom. Left and right margins should be justified.

FONT

Font style should be Times New Roman and must be used consistently throughout the
manuscript. Font size should be 12 point for ALL text including titles, headings, tables,
figures, and captions. It is only permissible to change font size in footnotes and appendix
material. Boldface may be used for headings, subheadings, and within text for emphasis.
Italics are appropriate for book and journal titles, foreign terms, and scientific
terminologies.

PAGINATION

Page numbers should be placed at the center of the bottom of the page. The Title Page
is page 1, but the page number should not be printed on this page. Page number in the
preliminary pages must be in lowercase Roman numerals (ex. i, ii, iii, etc.). Arabic
numerals (ex. 1, 2, 3, etc.) must begin with the first page of the text. Pages should be
numbered consecutively throughout the remainder of the manuscript.

SPACING

The entire text should be double-spaced except for footnotes, endnotes, and table and
figure captions. Double spacing should also be used for chapter numbers, chapter titles,
and major section titles (Acknowledgements, Table of Contents, List of Tables, List of
Figures, List of Abbreviations, Appendices, and References). Double spacing should also
occur before each first level and second-level heading, and before and after tables and
figures embedded in the text. There must only be one blank space after headings. Single
space must be used at the Title Page.

NUMBERING SCHEMES

Tables, figures, and equations should be numbered consecutively throughout the

manuscript with Arabic numerals. Equation numbers should be placed at the right side of
the equation and enclosed within brackets. Use uppercase letters to designate chapters
and appendices.

ACRONYMS/ABBREVIATIONS/CAPITALIZATION
Abbreviations on the title page should appear as they do in the text. Capitalize only the
first letter of words of importance, distinction, or emphasis in titles and headings. Do not
alter the all-cap style used for acronyms (Example: HIV) and organizational names
(Example: DOST). Use the conventional style for Latin words (Examples: in vitro, in vivo,
in situ). Genus and species should be italicized. Capitalize the first letter of the Genus, but
not that of the Species name (Ex. Streptococcus aureus).

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TABLES AND FIGURES
Tables are generally used for tabulated numerical and descriptive data. Figures commonly
refer to photographs, images, maps, charts, graphs, and drawings. These items should
appear as close as possible to their first mention in the text. Tables and figures may be
placed in appendices. Tables and figures should be numbered with Arabic numerals
consecutively (ex. Table 1, Figure 1). Table numbers and titles must be placed at the top
of the table. Figure numbers and titles must be place at the bottom of the figure. Be
consistent in the style used in the placement of tables and figure captions. A table or figure
should be set apart from the text. Tables and figures, including captions, may be oriented
in landscape. Table data and figure data must be kept together if the information fits on
one page. Single space must be used.

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 (Format for the Title Page for Undergraduate Studies)
Title of Study, upper case, 1.5 spacing, centered, inverted pyramid style
(one inch from top of page to top of title)

(Spacing will vary depending on length of the title of thesis or dissertation)

(DMSF logo size:

height – 3.81 cm,
width – 3.85 cm, centered)

An Undergraduate Research Study

Presented to the Faculty of the __________ Program
Davao Medical School Foundation Inc.

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements

for the Degree of (1.5 spacing)
____________________________________

Submitted by:

Name 1 (1.5 spacing)

(The name of the leader should appear first, no need to put the word leader)
Name 2
Name 3
(if more than 4 names, make two (2) columns)

May 2019
(Month and Year Completed one inch from the bottom of the page)

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 (Format for the Title Page for Pharma, Physio, and Com Med Studies)
Title of Study, upper case, single spacing, centered, inverted pyramid style
(one inch from top of page to top of title)

(Spacing will vary depending on length of the title of thesis or dissertation)

(DMSF logo size:

height – 3.81 cm,
width – 3.85 cm, centered)

A Research Study Presented

to the Faculty of the Department of _______________
College of Medicine
Davao Medical School Foundation Inc. (1.5 spacing)

Submitted by:

Name 1 (single spacing)

(The name of the leader should appear first, no need to put the word leader)
Name 2
Name 3
(if more than 6
names, make two (2) columns)

May 2019
(Month and Year Completed one inch from the bottom of the page)

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(Format for the Spine of the Hardbound)

Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices (KAP) of Pet

Bernolo, NMD -
Owners and Individuals Receiving Post-Exposure 2019
Ofima, Otero PHA
Prophylaxis Regarding Rabies in Davao City

1 2 3 4

1. Surname of the Students

a. If three or less names, indicate all
b. If more than three names, put SURNAME of the LEADER then et al. (ex.
Bernolo et al.)

2. Title of the Study

3. NMD for Filipino Medical students

IMD for international students

PHA for Pharmacology Research
PHY for Physiology Research
CM for Community Medicine Research

------------------------------------------

BSB for BS Biology Research

BSN for BS Nursing Research
BSM for Midwifery Research

DMD for Dentistry Research

MCH for Master of Community Health Research

MHPEd for Master of Health Professional Education Research
MPD for Master of Participatory Development

4. Year Completed

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 Form 1

APPROVAL SHEET FOR PROPOSAL DEFENSE

In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Medicine this
RESEARCH entitled:
“THE DIURETIC ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC ROOT EXTRACT OF Eleusine indica
ON ALBINO RATS AND DETERMINING ITS ACUTE TOXICITY, APPROXIMATE
EFFECTIVE DOSE AND MEAN EFFECTIVE DOSE”
has been prepared and submitted by Marie Ranielle Resmundo, Coreen Gertude
Pañgan, Sharon Jane Paras, Dzini Babe Parcia, Immanuelle Paola Pausal, Amier
Jacob Pautong, Gringo John Pelaez, Fiona Jayne Perez, Jose Perez III, Kevin Al
Rabor, Jhanneal Bianca Ramirez, Krislyn Earl Marren Rapacon, Stacy Sybil Shane
Retiza, and Christelle Samaniego who are recommended to present his/her full-brown
research proposal in the Department of Pharmacology.

RENZ ROMERINO M. PIZZARO, MD

Adviser/Mentor

_____________________ _____________________ _____________________

1st Panelist 2nd Panelist 3rd Panelist

APPROVED in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Medicine
by the Chair of the Department and the Director of Research and Publication Office (RPO).

____________________________ DR. GENEVIEVE D. TUPAS, FPPS, MMCE

Department Chairman Director, Research and Publication

ACCEPTED in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Doctor of Medicine.

DR. ERWIN ROMMEL N. HONTIVEROS, MHPED

Dean

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 Form 2

APPROVAL SHEET FOR DATA COLLECTION

The RESEARCH PROPOSAL entitled:

“THE DIURETIC ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC ROOT EXTRACT OF Eleusine indica
ON ALBINO RATS AND DETERMINING ITS ACUTE TOXICITY, APPROXIMATE
EFFECTIVE DOSE AND MEAN EFFECTIVE DOSE”
has been prepared, revised and submitted by Marie Ranielle Resmundo, Coreen
Gertude Pañgan, Sharon Jane Paras, Dzini Babe Parcia, Immanuelle Paola Pausal,
Amier Jacob Pautong, Gringo John Pelaez, Fiona Jayne Perez, Jose Perez III, Kevin
Al Rabor, Jhanneal Bianca Ramirez, Krislyn Earl Marren Rapacon, Stacy Sybil
Shane Retiza, and Christelle Samaniego who are recommended to proceed to data
collection to enable him/her to fulfill the requirements in the Department of
Pharmacology.

RENZ ROMERINO M. PIZZARO, MD

Adviser/Mentor

The Ethics/IACUC/Biosecurity Committee recommends that the researchers proceed to

data collection in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of
Medicine.

______________________________________
Committee Chair, Ethics/IACUC/Biosecurity

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 Form 3

APPROVAL SHEET FOR BOOKBINDING

This RESEARCH entitled:

“THE DIURETIC ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC ROOT EXTRACT OF Eleusine indica
ON ALBINO RATS AND DETERMINING ITS ACUTE TOXICITY, APPROXIMATE
EFFECTIVE DOSE AND MEAN EFFECTIVE DOSE”
by Marie Ranielle Resmundo, Coreen Gertude Pañgan, Sharon Jane Paras, Dzini
Babe Parcia, Immanuelle Paola Pausal, Amier Jacob Pautong, Gringo John Pelaez,
Fiona Jayne Perez, Jose Perez III, Kevin Al Rabor, Jhanneal Bianca Ramirez, Krislyn
Earl Marren Rapacon, Stacy Sybil Shane Retiza, and Christelle Samaniego, has been
prepared, revised and proofread. They are recommended to proceed to bookbinding to
fulfill the requirements in the Department of Pharmacology.

RENZ ROMERINO M. PIZZARO, MD

Adviser/Mentor

_____________________ _____________________ ___________________

1st Panelist 2nd Panelist 3rd Panelist

The Research and Publication Office (RPO) of Davao Medical School Foundation, Inc.
(DMSFI) endorsed the researchers to proceed to bookbinding in partial fulfillment of the
requirements for the degree of Doctor of Medicine.

_______________________ ___________________________
Plagiarism Checked by Staff Verified by Research Coordinator

This is to certify that the study has complied with the following requirements of the RPO.
The researchers may proceed to bookbinding in partial fulfillment for the degree of Doctor
of Medicine.
Checklist:
Plagiarism Format Full Paper (PDF & DOC) Article Format (IMRAD)

DR. GENEVIEVE D. TUPAS, FPPS, MMCE

Director, Research and Publication

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 Form 4

APPROVAL SHEET

In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Medicine this
RESEARCH entitled:
“THE DIURETIC ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC ROOT EXTRACT OF Eleusine indica
ON ALBINO RATS AND DETERMINING ITS ACUTE TOXICITY, APPROXIMATE
EFFECTIVE DOSE AND MEAN EFFECTIVE DOSE”
has been prepared and submitted by Marie Ranielle Resmundo, Coreen Gertude
Pañgan, Sharon Jane Paras, Dzini Babe Parcia, Immanuelle Paola Pausal, Amier
Jacob Pautong, Gringo John Pelaez, Fiona Jayne Perez, Jose Perez III, Kevin Al
Rabor, Jhanneal Bianca Ramirez, Krislyn Earl Marren Rapacon, Stacy Sybil Shane
Retiza, and Christelle Samaniego after passing the Oral Defense.

RENZ ROMERINO M. PIZZARO, MD

Adviser/Mentor

_____________________ _____________________ _____________________

1st Panelist 2nd Panelist 3rd Panelist

APPROVED in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Medicine
by the Chair of the Department and the Director of Research and Publication Office (RPO).

____________________________ DR. GENEVIEVE D. TUPAS, FPPS, MMCE

Department Chairman Director, Research and Publication

ACCEPTED in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Doctor of Medicine.

DR. ERWIN ROMMEL N. HONTIVEROS

Dean

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 (Format for Abstract)
ABSTRACT

The word “ABSTRACT and the first line of the text should have 2 spaces. It should be
single spaced, justified and must not have indention. Abstract should be a concise write-
up of the research study composed of 250-300 words. It must include a brief statement
about the problem to be addressed and why the study was done and state the main
objective of the study. Summarize how the study was done. Include the research design,
setting, participants, sampling, method/s of data collection, and information on ethics
review if applicable. Also include the major findings of the study and state the implications
and major contribution of the study to the field. Do not cite references in the abstract.
Below the abstract, write at least 5 keywords that indicate the following: discipline,
important variables/concepts, design, and geographical location. There must be two
spaces between the line of the text and the keywords.

Keywords: abstract, format, summary, objectives, results

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 (Format for Acknowledgement)
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The word “ACKNOWLEDGEMENT and the first line of the text should have 2 spaces. It
should be single spaced, justified and must not have indention. Acknowledgement should
include the names of individuals and/or group of individuals who provided significant
contribution in the thesis. Limit acknowledgement to one page only.

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 (Format for Table of Contents)
(Arrange this section by main headings and subheadings, and other important part such
as the preliminaries, references, appendices, and curriculum vitae. Use uppercase for
main headings and lowercase with only the first letter in uppercase for subheadings. Use
½ inch indention for subheadings, use 2.0 spacing)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITLE PAGE i

APPROVAL SHEET ii

ABSTRACT iii

ACKNOLEDGEMENT iv

TABLE OF CONTENTS v

LIST OF FIGURES vi

LIST OF TABLES vii

INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study 1

Objectives 2

Hypothesis 2

Review of Related Literature 3

Theoretical framework 4

Conceptual framework 5

Definition of Terms 6
List of Acronyms 6

METHODOLOGY

Research Design 7

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 Setting 8

Population 9

(Format for List of Figures and List of Tables)

(Make a list of figures and table and arrange in these sections as they appear in the
body of the research. Double spaced. List of Figures and List of Tables must be on
separate pages)

LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE FIGURE TITLE PAGE

1 Theoretical framework 3

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

LIST OF TABLES

TABLE TABLE TITLE PAGE

1 Summary of Absorbance Values 10

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 INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

Begin each major part at the top of a new page. Follow the word INTRODUCTION

with the same amount of space (double space). Use the same amount of space to precede

first-and second-level headings, and before and after figures and tables. Headings and

subheadings must be left justified, and in bold face. There must be two spaces between

the first level heading and the second-level heading. Use the same style throughout the

document. Be consistent with spacing and heading styles.

In the Background of the Study, start with a brief provocative problem statement

that is applicable to the theme of the study. This one statement will catch the attention of

the reader. Include convincing argument/s that will support the statement on the

seriousness and urgency of the problem. Follow with facts/statistics that portray the

problematic situation (global, national, regional, and local setting). Present a resume of

events/programs/projects that have been done by various public and private sectors to

address the problem. Indicate a firm stand on the need to bridge the gap between existing

facts and the problematic situation. Indicate what should be done and what data are

needed to address the problem. Present the rationale on the need to conduct the study.

(two spaces between the last line of the paragraph and the second-level heading)

Objectives

These are statements of purpose for which the investigation is conducted. These

serve as guide in the specification of variables, selection of research method,

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determination of the data to be collected and planning of analysis of results. For a

quantitative study, state the General Objective by transforming the problem statement

from an interrogative form to a declarative statement, usually introduced by the phrase “to

determine”. State the Specific Objectives which are specific activities/questions that are

desired to be done to answer the general objectives. These are statements of the specific

outcomes expected in the study. In a qualitative study, the objectives appear as a) “Grand

Tour Question” as the main aim which is written in a declarative statement; and b) the sub-

problems which are in the interrogative form.

Hypothesis

This is an educated guess, an assertion or proposition about the interrelationship

or about differences between two or more variables. If your study does not test causal

relationships or differences between variables, do not use a hypothesis (e.g. in purely

descriptive, diagnostic or exploratory investigations). There are two types of hypotheses,

the Null Hypothesis (statement of denial of an existence, attribute, relationship, difference

or an effect) and Alternative Hypothesis (statement of relationship, difference or an effect).

Of these two, use the null hypothesis because errors in accepting or rejecting the

hypothesis can be easily avoided.

H0: Null hypothesis.

H1: Alternative hypothesis.

Significance of the Study

State the value of the study or justification for making the study. Make a list of

potential users and indicate the specific contribution of the results (findings, conclusions

recommendations) to these beneficiaries of the study. (Note: In the final research

write-up integrate significance in the DISCUSSION).

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Review of Related Literature

This section provides information on the background of the problem, theories that

explain the existence of the problem and determinants, and previous studies done.

Acquaint the reader with existing studies as to what has been found, who has done the

work, when and where the latest studies have been conducted. Provide the reader with

information on what research methods were utilized and provide information on what

problems were met and how were they resolved. Use sub-headings and use past tense.

Establish the theoretical and conceptual framework for the research.

Theoretical Framework

Make use of a theory or theories to explain why a phenomenon exists and how the

different factors which brought about the phenomenon are interrelated. The purpose of

the theoretical framework is to develop and present a unified explanation of related ideas

and to provide the foundation on which the study will build and develop.

Conceptual Framework

Make a diagram to present how different variables in the study are related to

each other. It has the same function as the theoretical framework but instead of using

theories, it uses constructs which are specific and well-defined. Explain how the different

variables are related to each other.

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Figure 1. Figure name.

Definition of Terms – important terms should be defined according to how they are being

utilized in the study. These should include key terms used in the title, variables and

outcome measures used in the study.

List of Acronyms – This list should be alphabetically arranged

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 METHODOLOGY

This chapter provides a detailed description of the basic research plan or

procedure on how the study will be done so that it will be reproduced by a competent

colleague or that the procedures are needed to judge the validity of its answer. This maybe

a place to begin writing then return to introduction when a flow of words has already

started. Include in this section the following parts: research design, setting, population,

variables, and measures (dependent and independent variable), sampling (design,

randomization and estimation of sample size), data collection procedure and ethical

considerations. In the proposal, this chapter is written in future tense. In the final write-up,

it is written in past tense.

Research Design

This refers to the plan of action, approach, or strategy to be used in the study.

Define the research design used, whether it is descriptive, cross-sectional, case-control,

cohort or experimental, quasi-experimental, etc. Indicate who has the authority of such

definition and cite the reference.

Setting

Describe the study area or locale of the study. Provide a justification for choosing

the study area. A map may be shown when necessary.

Population

Indicate the number and significant characteristics of the participants. Provide

inclusion criteria (specific characteristics that make the participants qualified to participate

in the study) and exclusion criteria (specific characteristics that render a certain segment

of the population to be ineligible to be included in the study).

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Variable and Measures

Variables are characteristics that are measured numerically (e.g., blood pressure)

or in terms of categories (e.g., presence or absence of a disease). If your study determines

a relationship between variables, write the dependent variable first. A dependent variable

“hangs on” to another variable or is a putative effect of one or more variables. Then write

the independent variable/s. This/these characteristic/s is/are the assumed cause/s or

reason/s for any variation of a dependent variable which is usually the problem in the

study.

Specify the categories or classes of the dependent and independent variables in

terms of scales of measurement. These maybe written in a form of a nominal (two or more

categories that are qualitatively different from each other e.g. place of delivery such as

hospital and home); ordinal (ranked categories, e.g. severity of a disease); interval (zero

does not indicate absence of attribute and equal differences between any pair of numbers

in the scale indicate equal differences but not in the amounts of the attribute such as

temperature); and ratio (zero indicates absence of attribute and equal differences between

any pair of numbers is the same as that between the amounts of attribute being measured

(e.g. hemoglobin concentration or scores in the examination).

Sampling

Explain the process of choosing the samples that will represent the entire

population. Include in this section three issues about sampling: i.e., sampling design,

randomization, and estimation of sample size if appropriate.

Sampling design. Explain the entire procedure how the participants will be

chosen.

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Choose the appropriate sampling design. There are two basic types of sampling designs

namely non-probability or non-random or judgmental sampling (e.g. accidental and

purposive) and probability sampling (e.g. simple random, systematic, stratified random,

stratified systematic, cluster, two-stage and multi-stage designs). State the sampling

frame, whether a spot map or a list will be used.

Randomization. Describe the randomization procedure if needed in the study.

This refers to the procedure where each participant is assigned to a treatment group or

control group by chance (e.g., by random numbers) to reduce the influence of extraneous

factors.

Estimation of sample size. Show how sample size is derived using some formula

for estimation of sample size. This is used to consider the availability of human resources

and logistics.

Data Collection Procedure

Explain in detail how pre-testing or pilot testing will be conducted including the

number of participants, recruitment, setting, and instrument to be pre-tested, procedures

to be used in pre-testing. Explain in detail how the data will be gathered, whether through

observation method using instruments (like tape measure or weighing scale); personal

interview using a structured interview schedule, self-administered interview, key informant

interview and/or focus group discussion. Describe the instrument in terms of number and

content of questions to be used, type of scale, how these are organized, and the method

of validation. Attach a copy of the instrument in the appendix. Also describe here when

the study will start and when it will end. Describe the enumerators in terms of their

educational attainment, employment status, experience as interviewers/observers,

method, and duration of training for the study.

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Data Analysis

Indicate the type of statistical test/s, decision making criteria (alpha level) and

computer software that will be used in the study. Refer to the specific objectives as guide

in the identification of appropriate statistical tool. (Note: In the final research write-up,

integrate data analysis in the RESULTS.

Limitation of the Study

The limitations of the study should provide information on certain conditions which

are beyond the control of the investigator. (Note: In the final paper, integrate limitations

of the study in the DISCUSSION.

Ethical Considerations

Describe the ethical issues that will be observed to protect the rights, safety,

privacy, and sensitivity of laboratory animals and/or human participants as well as the

researchers themselves, the community, and the environment. If the study deals with

human participants, state clearly how informed consent is obtained. This means that the

participants will give their consent (by signing in the informed consent form) after they

have been informed of the nature of the study, their roles in the study, risks and

inconveniences, benefits for participation, compensation, provision for illness/injury, whom

to contact, voluntariness of participation, and confidentially that must be carried out to

secure their anonymity and privacy. If the study deals with animals, it should be stated

that extreme care must be observed in every step from the time these are purchased to

the time that they are disposed of. Secure a copy from the IGSR of the template for

informed consent form, guidelines for evaluation of studies involving human participants

and guidelines for studies that involve animals.

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 RESULTS

Explain what happened in the study. Refer to objectives for sequence/organization.

Use sub-headings. Present the data in textual form, tables, figures, graphs, and

organizational charts. Place the titles of tables above the body of the table while titles for

graphs should be placed below the figure. Single space must be used between the table

title and table, and figure title and figure. Figure size must be 3in x 5 in. Analysis of data

should appear before the statistical tables, graphs, maps, and charts. Summarize the data

and present only the most important points. Do not repeat all the data presented in the

table. Write this section in past tense but when the table or figure is being described, use

the present tense. Integrate in this section the data analysis procedure of the research

proposal (Methodology or Chapter 2). In qualitative studies, thematic analysis is usually

used.

Table 1. Table title.

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 Chart Title
6

0
Category 1 Category 2 Category 3 Category 4

Series 1 Series 2 Series 3

Figure 1. Figure title.

27
 DISCUSSION

Include the following issues in the discussion: main findings of the study; meaning

and explanations of major findings or reasons why the results happened that way;

comparison of major findings with previous studies (whether similar or do not confirm with

other findings); emergence of new finding/unusual result/s, deductions or inferences to

explore possible meaning which can be used as hypotheses by other researchers for their

future studies. In this section, integrate the limitations of the study which are previously

stated in Chapter 2 (Methodology) of the research proposal.

Conclusion

Write conclusion/s based on your hypothesis/es. Omit conclusion/s if you are doing

a descriptive study, instead just give a short summary of the findings answering your

objectives. You may add implications of your findings.

Recommendations

Use findings and conclusions as bases in formulating recommendations. Use

negative results (e.g., counterproductive factors) or positive findings. Organize the

recommendations according to subproblems. Include recommendations that suggest

actions by schools, health institutions and agencies (if applicable) and future research

studies.

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 REFERENCES

(Format the references using the APA format for the graduate school while Vancouver

Style of referencing for the rest of the colleges)

APPENDICES

Attach the informed consent (English and local dialect), and actual instruments.

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 ABSTRACT

Instructions for the Preparation of Abstract (Title)

Firstname I. Lastname a *, FirstName I. Lastname Jr. a ,

Unknown A. Author b , Firstname I. Lastname III a
a
Physics Department, Mindanao State University – Iligan Institute of Technology
A. Bonifacio Avenue, 9200 Iligan City, Philippines
b
Economics Department, University of Nowhere,
2 Main Street, Winchester, Hampshire P3L T19, United Somewhere

Abstracts must be printed on white, 8 ½ x 11 inch paper. Page margins should be one and
one half inch (1 1/2 in or 3.81 cm) on the left, and one inch (1 in or 2.54cm) on the top,
right, and bottom. Left and right margins should be justified. Single line spacing must be
used in the text of the abstract.

Complete names of authors, including the middle initials, should be listed after a one-line
vertical distance from the title. Names should be separated by a comma and there should
be an address mark at every author’s name to indicate his/her affiliation. However, if all
authors have the same affiliation, then no need to put an address mark in every author’s
name. Affiliations, separated by a one-line vertical distance, should include the name of
the office/department and its corresponding address. No need to place an additional mark
to identify the corresponding and/or presenting author.

When typing complicated mathematical text, you should increase the space between text
lines to prevent sub- and superscript fonts overlapping one another and making your
printed matter illegible. These instructions have been produced using 11-point Times New
Roman. Lastly, DO NOT include figures and tables in the abstract. And please do not
forget to include at least five keywords.

Abstract should be a concise write-up of the research study composed of 250-300 words.
It must include a brief statement about the problem to be addressed and why the study
was done and state the main objective of the study. Summarize how the study was done.
Include the research design, setting, participants, sampling, method/s of data collection,
and information on ethics review if applicable. Also include the major findings of the study
and state the implications and major contribution of the study to the field. Do not cite
references in the abstract. Below the abstract, write at least 5 keywords that indicate the
following: discipline, important variables/concepts, design, and geographical location.
There must be two spaces between the line of the text and the keywords. There must be
two spaces between the line of the text and the keywords.

Keywords: abstract, instructions, one-page, preparation, format

_____________________
* username@school.ed

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 Appendix 3

NATIONAL UNIFIED HEALTH RESEARCH AGENDA (NUHRA)

A. Responsive health systems

To produce evidence toward efficient, quality, safe, and affordable healthcare.

1) Health governance- Studies to strengthen evidence-based health policy

formulation, enforcement, and evaluation in the context of changing
sociopolitical paradigms.
2) Health financing- Research on national and local health financing mechanisms
including PhilHealth, alternative provider payment schemes, new sources of
healthcare revenue, and the creation of standards for cost estimation of cases
and health facilities, resource allocation and risk adjustment guided by health
technology assessment.
3) Health information systems- Research on translating health data to information
and knowledge.
4) Health service delivery- Research on how to make quality health services more
accessible, effective, efficient, and available and more sustainable through
strengthening and identifying factors affecting health service delivery networks,
referral systems, and evaluating the impact of Health Facility Enhancement
Program.
5) Health human resources- Research on human resources for health
development, knowledge and practices affecting health outcomes, utilization of
benefits and incentives, and strengthening the role of allied health professionals
to deliver primary care.
6) Health economics- Studies aimed at supporting evidence and efficiency of
health interventions.
7) Health research management- Research to improve the health research policy
environment, human resource and institutional capacity, procurement
mechanisms including payment of intellectual capital, translation of research into
products of public value and utilization, and effective application of ethics in
health research.

B. Research to enhance and extend healthy lives

To produce evidence toward the prevention of disease, restoration of well-being, and

reduction of disease burden.

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 1) Adolescent health- Research on key health issues concerning adolescents.
2) Communicable diseases- Research on diagnosis, treatment and prevention of
dengue, diarrhea, HIV/AIDS and other STIs, tuberculosis, rabies, neglected
tropical diseases and soil transmitted helminthiasis, and other communicable
diseases.
3) Environmental health- Research on exposure, toxicity, and other effects of poor
environment conditions on health, including water quality and management;
clean ambient and indoor air; solid and healthcare waste management;
sanitation and hygiene; and integration of health in environmental and urban
planning.
4) Maternal, newborn and child health- Studies on factors influencing compliance,
service utilization, management, and effectiveness of interventions directed
towards the improvement of maternal, newborn and child health.
5) Mental health- Research on access, delivery, and effectiveness of mental health
programs across various age groups and conditions, such as depression,
suicide, post-traumatic stress disorder, and addiction.
6) Non-communicable diseases- Research on early detection, prevention, and
control of non-communicable diseases.
7) Nutrition- Research on nutrition across all life stages: nutritional assessment and
monitoring; the development of interventions; evaluation of nutrition programs
and interventions; and promotion of food security, quality, and safety.
8) Oral health- Research on prevention, treatment of oral diseases, and evaluation
of related programs.
9) Reproductive health- Studies on the acceptability and effectiveness of family
planning commodities and other interventions for family planning and STI
prevention.

C. Holistic approaches to health and wellness

1) Filipino traditional and complementary medicine- Exploratory studies on the

effectiveness, acceptability, and safety of utilizing and interfacing alternative and
Filipino healing modalities, remedies and traditional healers with modern health
practices, including their translation into products and services of public value

2) Determinants of health- Basic studies describing sociocultural determinants of

health and well-being.

3) Halal in health- Studies on developing halal-guided pharmaceuticals, food, and

non-food products; and describing the effects of the halal way of life on health
including hygiene, sanitation and wellness.

D. Health resiliency

1) Accidents and injuries- Research to provide public health solutions for road safety

32
 and injury prevention.

2) Climate change- Research to understand, assess and intervene on the health

impacts of climate change, and to design sustainable health infrastructure.

3) Disaster risk reduction and health emergencies- Research on assessment,

management and evaluation of emergency health interventions across the disaster
cycle with emphasis on mental health and psychosocial services, food security, and
nutrition, risk communications, infrastructure and capacity; this area includes studies
to improve health of internally displaced persons because of emergencies.

4) Emerging and re-emerging diseases- Research on disease which have the

capacity to spread through outbreaks and pandemics, including but not limited to
Zika, SARS, Malaria, MERSCoV, etc.

5) Environmental threats to health- Research on the health impact of coal, mining,

chemical pesticides and other pollutants and toxins, with the inclusion of research on
interventions to address these health risks.

6) Occupational health and migration- Research on compliance to occupational

safety and standards, and interventions; health consequences surrounding
documented and undocumented migrant workers and their families; research on the
health impacts of urbanization, industrialization, and globalization.

E. Global competitiveness and innovation in health

1) Diagnostics- Development of diagnostic tests and devices for early detection and
monitoring of premorbid conditions and diseases.

2) Drug discovery and development- Research on the identification and

standardization of natural products, and the development of drugs and vaccines for
specific conditions and multi-drug resistant infections, for production, local use, and
international marketability.

3) Functional foods- Research on food supplements and functional food

development; and on commercialization, safety, regulation, and impact assessment
of functional food and food supplements.

4) Information and communication technologies for health- Research on data science

and E-health solutions for the integration of health information in recording and
utilizing patient information, mapping of health risks and health resources,
telemedicine, and health promotion.

5) Biomedical products and engineering- Research on improvisation and local

development of reliable, safe, and affordable biomedical devices for supportive and
therapeutic care, for local health service provision and international markets.

33
 6) “OMIC” technologies- Generation of new knowledge about health and disease
using genomics, proteomics, transcriptomics, and metabolomics.

F. Research in equity and health

To produce evidence to enable the health system to respond to health needs of and
develop new solutions for vulnerable populations and marginalized sectors of society.

1) Disability- Research on specific public heath, clinical care, rehabilitation, and

community interventions and preventive measures for people and children with
different disabilities including developmental, physical, mental, and other forms.
2) Gender- Research to understand health risks among men and women for the
provision of gender-responsive health services across life stages.
3) Geographically isolated and disadvantaged areas- Research on factors affecting
disease prevalence, nutrition, and access to health and water, sanitation, and
hygiene services in geographically isolated and disadvantaged areas.
4) Geriatric Care- Research to map the health needs and appropriate health
programs, policy, and services for the geriatric population.
5) HIV/AIDS and other STIs- Socio-behavioral studies to address stigma,
discrimination, and other barriers to HIV and STI screening and control.
6) Indigenous peoples- Research to document the knowledge, skills, and practices
of indigenous populations to empower and create accessible and culturally
sensitive health policies and services.
7) Substance abuse- Research on effectiveness of existing and alternative
community based and institutional models, as well as profiling of facilities and
services for addressing substance abuse, including drug and alcohol abuse, and
their associated health risks.
8) Violence- Research on the health, especially psychosocial consequences, of
populations subject to violence.
9) Other vulnerable populations- Studies that will assess and develop new solutions
for group specific health needs of other vulnerable populations.

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 Appendix 4

REGIONAL UNIFIED HEALTH RESEARCH AGENDA (RUHRA)

(Formulated by the Regional Health Research and Development Consortium of Region

XI or RHRDC XI)

1. Maternal, Newborn and Child Health and Nutrition (MNCHN)

2. Infectious diseases

3. Reproductive Health

4. Nutritional, functional food, and food safety

5. Health economics and governance

6. Non-communicable diseases

7. Climate change and disaster risk reduction and management

8. Traditional or herbal medicines and natural products

9. Environmental health

10. Behavioral and mental health

11. Health and nutrition in GIDAs

12. Occupational health

13. Information and communications technology in health

14. Innovation in health technology

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 Appendix 5

National Higher Education Research Agenda – 2

NHERA II (2009-2018)
Commission on Higher Education

Priority Areas in Education and Education Management

1. Program/curricular studies in higher education –including assessment of present

programs/curricula for purposes of determining how these could be
improved/reengineered as well as international benchmarking of best practices
towards the development of new programs/curricula in leading edge disciplines.

2. Policy oriented studies – research on the various dimensions of policy

formulation, implementation, monitoring, and evaluation focusing on but not
limited to the following:
a) financing of higher education; cost sharing in higher education
b) economics of higher education
c) governance and management of higher education
d) accreditation and other quality assurance mechanisms
e) rationalization of higher education
f) internationalization of higher education
g) access and equity measures
h) student financing models

3. Research on quality and standards in the context of:

a) international ranking and global benchmarking
b) quality assurance systems
c) equivalency
d) redefining classifications of HEIs
4. Technology and education
5. Model building studies
6. Institutional development studies
7. Manpower demand and supply studies
8. Graduate tracer studies
9. Other research topics considered by the Commission in response to emerging
needs of the country

Higher Education research in support of R&D initiatives of other agencies/sectors

36
The higher education sector is part of the National Innovation System that generates
and mobilizes knowledge for enhancing productivity and addressing the goals of
national development. As such, CHED and the HEIs are expected to not only to
produce research and development manpower but also to actively participate in the
implementation of the R&D plans for Science and Technology.

37
 Appendix 6
Updated DMSFI Research Agenda

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