Biodiversity Conservation and

Management Time allowed: 1:30min

Department of Wildlife and Ecotourism

Target Candidate: BSc Regular Student (2nd Year, 1nd Semester)
Final Exam: -Weight: - 50% Course Code: BDC-M1061 ECTS Credit: - 3
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True/False Choose Match Essay/Short Answer Total

12% 15% 10% 15% 45%

Instruction A. Write True if the statement is correct and False if it is invalid (1.5 pts)
1. ___________. Ecosystem is a self-contained community of microorganisms, animals
and plants, that interact rather each other, while with their physical environment.
2. __________. Extent at which different number organism are equal or skewed at
particular site is known as evenness/relative abundance.
3. __________. An estimation of Earth biodiversity was still unsure, due to un detection
of same little microorganism, similar appearance of same taxa & lack of exploration of
world biomes.
4. _________. Circular plots are often recommended than narrow rectangular and square
plots for surveying plants (i.e. tree and shrubs) in the site preferred to survey.
5. ________. Species extinction are all about dies, vanishes and extirpation of organism
from the earth.
6. ________. Currently Earth is undergoing its six-mass extinction due to nor ice-cape
glaciation neither anthropogenic factors.

Instruction B. Choose the best answer and write it within the given space (1.5 Pts each).

’Your Mind Is Your Greatest Asset, So Be Very Careful of What You Put

In Your Mind’’ ‘’JIBRIL KEDIR-September-2021’’

pg. 1
_______1. Which are negative spirits to the definition of biological diversity,
A. Variability of all life forms across all levels of biological organization, from gene to
ecosystem, and it includes the diversity within and between species and ecosystems.
B. The sum of an area’s organisms, considering the diversity of species, their genes and
populations.
C. Particular types of organism, whose member are certain characteristics and freely breed
with one another’s.
D. None
________2. All are diversity above the species level, except
A. Community diversity B. Habitat diversity
C. Landscape diversity D. Genetic Diversity
______3. Biodiversity are not evenly distributed among earth surface in polar, tropical and
temperature latitudes, due to
A. Variation in climates B. Variance in solar Energy C. Variation in Humidity D. All
________4. What is the reason of measuring Biodiversity?
A. Need for concerns over species extinction
B. To demonstrate the relative failure or success conservation strategy to its goals
C. Measure decline with extinction
D. All
________5. Earth has experienced five mass extinction events in which over half of its
species were wiped out, from happened event outcomes which is odd?
A. Ordovician extinction B. Devonian extinction C. Permo-Triassic
D. End Triassic Extinction E. All F. None

________ 6. All are included under agro-biodiversity, except

’Your Mind Is Your Greatest Asset, So Be Very Careful of What You Put

In Your Mind’’ ‘’JIBRIL KEDIR-September-2021’’

pg. 2
A. Diversity of genetic resources (varieties) and species used for food & pharmaceuticals

B. Harvested species that support production (soil micro-organisms and predators etc.)
C. Wider environment that support agro-ecosystems (agricultural, pastoral, forest and aquatic)
D. Local knowledge and culture can also be considered as integral parts of agrobiodiversity,

________7. All belongs to definition of Ecosystem services by Millennium Ecosystem

Assessment (MA) but_____________

A. Benefits that humans recognize as obtained from ecosystems that support directly or
indirectly, their survival and quality of life.
B. Aspects of ecosystems utilized (actively or passively) to produce human well-being”.
C. Dynamic complex of plant rather animal and microorganism communities and their non-
living environment interacting as a functional unit.
________ 8. Which is/are invalid about distinctive features of agrobiodiversity as compared
to biodiversity.
A. Agrobiodiversity is actively managed by farmers and conservationist
B. Local knowledge and culture are integral parts of agrobiodiversity management
C. As regards crop diversity, diversity within species is at least as important as diversity
between species and Mega diversity
D. A and C E. All
______9. Among the given one is invalid about purpose of Millennium Ecosystem
Assessment.
A. To assess the impact of ecosystem, change on human well-being.
B. To establish scientific basis for sustainable conservation and utilization of ecosystems.
C. It includes ecosystems from undisturbed natural forests to human modified ecosystems.
D. None
______10. Why are we still so unsure of the number of species on Earth?
A. Some areas remain little explored
B. Many species are tiny and inconspicuous
C. Some species are very similar in appearance
D. All
______11. Which is/are common for Genetic, Organismal and Ecological diversity
A. Populations B. Species C. Individuals D. Kingdoms

Instruction D. Match each the following based on their relativeness of notion (1 Pts each).
’Your Mind Is Your Greatest Asset, So Be Very Careful of What You Put

In Your Mind’’ ‘’JIBRIL KEDIR-September-2021’’

pg. 3
 A B
1. Supporting services A. Landscape level
2. Provisioning services B. Richness
3. Regulating services C. Primary production
4. Alpha (α) Diversity D. Water Purification
5. Gama (ϒ) Diversity E. Water

6. Shannon- wiener index F.

7. Simpson’s index G.

Section C [12 marks]

Answer ALL questions below. Write your answer in the provided sheets.
1. In brief, discuss FIVE (5) implications (basic) of assessing biodiversity resources of a
nation (3 pts).
2. List and explain briefly FIVE (5) major drivers (causes) of species
extinction/biodiversity loss (4 pts)
3. Write briefly the need of agro-biodiversity in conservation of life on the earth (3 pts).
4. Evidently define the term species richness, evenness, and heterogeneity (2 pts)

’Your Mind Is Your Greatest Asset, So Be Very Careful of What You Put

In Your Mind’’ ‘’JIBRIL KEDIR-September-2021’’

pg. 4