Balaji L R

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 QA VS QC
Quality Assurance(QA), a set of activities and processes
designed to ensure the quality of a product or service.
Quality Control(QC), a process for verifying that a product or
service meets specified quality standards

Audit vs Inspection
Audit, the systematic, independent and documented process
for obtaining objective evidence and evaluating it objectively
to determine the extent to which audit criteria are fulfilled.
Inspection, determination of conformity to specified
requirements

Defect vs Defective
A defect is the non-conformance on one of many possible
quality characteristics of a unit that causes customer
dissatisfaction.
A unit which has one or more defects is a defective unit.

DPMO vs PPM
Defects per opportunity (DPO) is the number of defects
identified in a sample divided by the total number of defect
opportunities, Defects per Million Opportunities is calculated
by multiplying DPO by one million.
PPM (Part Per Million) would represent the number of
defective parts per one million parts produced

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 Sample vs Population
A sample is a subset of a population
A population is the entire group of individuals or objects
that we are interested in studying

COQ vs COPQ
Cost of Quality, the total cost of all activities related to the
quality of a product or service, including prevention, appraisal,
and failure costs.
Cost of Poor Quality, the cost of defects and nonconformities
in a process.

Rework vs Repair
Rework is an action on a non-conforming product or service
to make it conform to the requirements.
Repair is an action on a non-conforming product or service
to make it acceptable for the intended use

Document vs Record
.
Document is made after planning something that how it
should be done
Record is created when something is done before any
planning.

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 SOP vs WI
SOP, a comprehensive guide that outlines the overall aim and
process of a particular task
Work Instruction, a document that provides detailed
instructions for performing a specific task or process.

APQP vs PPAP
Advanced Product Quality Planning, a structured process
for defining and implementing the steps necessary to ensure
the quality of a new product
Production Part Approval Process, a standardized process
for obtaining approval of new or modified production parts
and processes.

ISO vs IATF
International Organization for Standardization, a non-
governmental organization that develops and publishes
international standards.
International Automotive Task Force, a group of automotive
industry organizations that develops and publishes quality
management standards.

Instrument vs Equipment
Instrument is to measure the data that comes out of the
machine
Equipment is the machine that's processing the work

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 Deviation vs Concession
Deviation is the Permission to depart from the originally
specified requirements of a product or a service before its
realization
Concession is the Permission to use or release a product or
a service that does not conform to specified requirements

Corrective vs Preventive Action

A corrective action deals with a nonconformity that has
occurred
A preventive action addresses the potential for a
nonconformity to occur

Check Sheet vs Check List

The Check Sheet is a form that is used to collect data at the
same location where data is produced in real-time.
A checklist is a tool that is used to find out that if a set of
steps have been taken or not.

Innovation vs Improvement
Innovation is the process of creating something new or
original.
Improvement is the process of making something better
than it was before.

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 CAPA vs RCA
Corrective and Preventive Action, a process for identifying
and addressing problems or issues in a process.
Root Cause Analysis, a process for identifying the underlying
cause of a problem or issue

CpK vs PpK
Process Capability Index, a measure of the ability of a
process to produce parts within specification limits.
Process Performance Index, a measure of the capability of a
process to produce parts within specification limits

TPM vs TQM
Total Productive Maintenance, a maintenance strategy
involving all employees in continuously improving equipment
effectiveness
Total Quality Management, a management philosophy
focused on continuous improvement and customer
satisfaction

Verification vs Validation
Verification is intended to evaluate whether the product is
complying with a regulation or some other requirement.
Validation is intended to evaluate whether the product is
fulfilling the needs of the customer

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 Lean vs Six Sigma
Lean is focused on customer value and waste reduction and
looks at the ways to increase the flow.
Six Sigma focuses on variation reduction and statistical
analysis

Value Added vs Non-Value Added

The value is defined as what the customer is willing to pay
for.
If the customer is not willing to pay extra for an activity, then
that activity is not adding value to the product or service.

Risk vs Opportunity
Risk is an effect of uncertainty on the expected result
Opportunities are considered the positive side of risk

Process vs Product Audit

A process audit examines how processes work within an
organization
A product audit focuses on individual products produced by
an organization

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 TQM vs QMS
Total Quality Management, a management philosophy
focused on continuous improvement and customer
satisfaction
A Quality Management System (QMS) is a clearly defined set
of business processes that are geared towards delivering
products and services to a consistently high standard.

VOC vs VOP
Voice of the Customer, a term used to refer to the needs and
requirements of customers as they relate to a product or
service
Voice Of The Process (VOP) is the manner in which a process
communicates its performance capability to meet the
expectations, wants, and needs of the customer.

Process Stability vs Capability

Process Stability refers to the consistency of the process
Process Capability is a measure of the ability of the process
to meet specifications.

Data vs Information
Data are raw facts or figures. Data can be numbers, text,
images, or any other source of information. It’s a record or set
of records that contain information about something.
Information is data that has been organized and grouped
together to give context. This can be done by analyzing data
and creating charts and graphs
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 Efficiency vs Effectiveness
Efficiency means doing the right things
Effectiveness means doing things right

Continuous vs Continual Improvement

Continuous improvement is an uninterrupted flow of
improvement. It is a sustained process of development, where
the focus is on constantly looking to make improvements
Continual improvement refers to a process that is repeated
and has pauses in between repetitions. This approach is
phased, with improvements being made, then a break to
measure and analyze the success, and further improvements
can be made.

Balaji L R #learnrelearn

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