Police Operations Theory and Practice 6th Edition Hess Test Bank Download

Test Bank for Police Operations Theory and
Practice 6th Edition Hess Orthmann and Lim

Cho 1285052625 9781285052625
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CHAPTER 6: CRIME, DISORDER, AND QUALITY-OF-LIFE ISSUES:

RESPONDING TO THE CALL
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which of the following is not classified as a violent crime by the UCR?

a. burglary
b. robbery
c. aggravated assault
d. murder
e. forcible rape
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: (p. 200)
OBJ: What index offenses the FBI compiles statistics on.
2. Law enforcement managers formerly used pushpins to track crime in their jurisdictions; today many
agencies use
a. UCR data.
b. crime mapping.
c. NCVS data.
d. NIBRS data.
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: (p. 205)
OBJ: What the official sources of information about crime are.
3. The principle of environmental criminology that states crime occurs at the intersection of a motivated
offender, a suitable target, and an absent or ineffective guardian is called
a. criminal intersection theory
b. broken windows theory
c. geospatial criminal activity theory
d. routine activity theory
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: (p. 206)
OBJ: What technologies assist law enforcement in addressing crime and disorder issues.
4. The ______________ collects and disseminates crime statistics through its UCR program.
a. BJS
b. FBI
c. NIJ
d. CIA
e. OVC
5. The ruling in the case of Madsen v. Women’s Health Center, Inc., was considered a victory for
a. pro-choice groups.
b. pro-life groups.
c. animal rights activists.
d. environmental activists.
e. plastic surgeons.
OBJ: What issues may lead to civil disobedience in the 21st century.
6. Property crimes most commonly yield evidence such as

a. hair.
b. tool marks.
c. blood.
d. all of the other choices.
e. none of the other choices.
OBJ: What the preliminary investigation of a crime consists of.
7. All of the following are variables affecting the way officers respond to calls about committed crimes
except
a. what specific crime is involved.
b. how many suspects are involved.
c. if the crime is still in progress.
d. if the identity of the suspects is known.
e. all of the other choices.
ANS: E PTS: 1 REF: (p. 208)
OBJ: What the responsibilities of officers responding to a criminal action call are.
8. An issue that may spark civil disobedience is

a. human rights concerns.
b. overt racism and bias.
c. environmental concerns.
d. any of the other choices.
9. Which of the following best describes what the FBI and most police departments consider the
“traditional” hostage situation?
a. prisoners who capture and hold the warden
b. terrorists who abduct high-profile political or social figures
c. the criminal trapped at a crime scene who uses bystanders as shields or bargaining tools
d. mentally unstable individuals who use family or friends as shields or bargaining tools
e. disgruntled ex-military personnel who hold high-powered weapons or ammunition as
“hostages”
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: (p. 227)
OBJ: What crisis situations police officers may face.
10. The ____________ collects and disseminates crime statistics through its NIBRS program.
a. BJS
b. FBI
c. NIJ
d. CIA
e. OVC
11. CompStat began in

a. 1995 in Chicago, Illinois.
b. 2001 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
c. 1993 in Dallas, Texas.
d. 1994 in New York, New York.
12. A crisis incident team (CIT) consists of officers specially trained to respond to calls involving
a. terrorists.
b. drug dealers.
c. hit-and-run victims.
d. rabid animals.
e. mentally ill individuals.
13. The _____________ began on Wall Street in 2011 as a protest of the unprecedented and deepening
inequality between corporate leaders and the vast majority of employees beneath them.
a. Occupy movement
b. Wall Street Protest movement
c. 99% movement
d. Civil Disobedience movement
e. Economic Disparity movement
OBJ: How police departments should be prepared to deal with demonstrations and violence.
14. Which of the following statements regarding the homeless is not true?
a. More than half lack medical insurance
b. Nearly half suffer from chronic health problems
c. Many abuse alcohol
d. All of the other choices are false.
e. All of the other choices are true.
15. Some crimes such as ______________ have no crime scene and yield little to no physical evidence.
a. burglary
b. arson
c. assault
d. murder
e. forgery
OBJ: What preliminary investigation of a crime consists of.
16. The Stockholm syndrome involves

a. hostages feeling positive toward their captors.
b. captors feeling positive toward their hostages.
c. hostages feeling negative toward authorities.
OBJ: What the number-one rule is when dealing with hostage situations, barricaded subjects, or
attempted suicides.
17. Geographic information systems, or GIS,

a. can better assemble, integrate, and create new ways of analyzing data.
b. can create new units of analysis that more accurately model human behavior.
c. are only useful in creating maps.
d. can recognize patterns better than people can.
e. can both better assemble, integrate, and create new ways of analyzing data and create new
units of analysis that more accurately model human behavior.
18. CompStat
a. has been widely implemented by smaller departments due to ease of operation.
b. has been implemented by 75 percent of large (100+ sworn officers) departments.
c. has been associated with a reduction in crime.
d. has literally burst onto the American crime scene, but no reduction in crime has been
reported.
e. can trace its roots back to 9/11.
19. Eight offenses chosen to serve as an index for gauging fluctuations in the overall volume and rate of
crime reported to law enforcement are also called ___________ crimes.
a. Group A
b. Group B
c. Part I
d. Part II
e. cold
20. Crime in the United States is the title of the annual publication of data collected through the
a. NIBRS.
b. NCVS.
c. UCRs.
d. OVC.
e. IACP.
21. Responsibilities of officers responding to a call regarding a criminal act include

a. arriving as rapidly, yet as safely, as possible.
b. securing and controlling persons at the scene.
c. providing emergency care for any injured people at the scene.
22. The most prevalent and usually least dangerous hostage situation involves
a. the mentally disturbed.
b. hard-core criminals.
c. prisoners.
d. terrorists.
e. military personnel.
attempted suicides.
23. The preliminary investigation of a crime involves

a. interrogation of suspects.
b. a search of the scene itself.
c. on-the-scene interviews with victims and witnesses.
24. In 1979, a congressional mandate added __________, a property crime, as the eighth Part I offense
captured in the annual UCR counts.
a. shoplifting
b. arson
c. vandalism
d. destruction of public property
25. Street prostitution
a. has the greatest negative impact on a community.
b. accounts for more than 50 percent of all prostitution.
c. is usually a chosen career.
d. is rarely connected to a drug habit.
e. all of the other choices.
TRUE/FALSE
1. The first two hours of any hostage incident are usually the safest, after which tension and stress build
and danger increases.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: (p. 227)

attempted suicides.
2. The NIBRS provides a more detailed account of crime than does the UCR.
ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: (p. 202)

3. The courts have held that in certain situations police use of force against a mentally ill person is
justifiable and necessary for the protection and safety of the officer and public.

4. Officers should always arrive on a scene with their lights and sirens on to warn the public a crime may
be in progress.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: (pp. 208–209)

5. Many of those who are mentally ill are also homeless as a result of the deinstitutionalization that
occurred in the 1960s and 1970s.

6. The NCVS collects data on only those crimes reported to law enforcement.

7. The UCR distinguishes between attempted and completed crimes.

8. Freedom to oppose or challenge police action without risk of arrest is one of the principal
characteristics by which we distinguish a free nation from a police state.

9. A study of the relationship between television news coverage of crime and viewers’ fear of crime
found those who watched the most local news reported the highest levels of fear of crime.

10. Because they measure basically the same thing, direct comparison may be made between the UCR and
NCVS data.

11. Data from the National Crime Victimization Survey show that over 80 percent of violent
victimizations in 2010 were reported to the police.

12. When the UCR program was launched in 1929, seven offenses were chosen to serve as an index for
gauging fluctuations in the overall volume and rate of crime reported to law enforcement.

13. When officers are faced with a suicide by cop (SBC) situation, they should never attempt to slow
down the situation, as the pacing of the event rests in the hands of the subject.

14. In hostage situations, it is considered preferable to have the person in command of the containment
also conduct the negotiations.

attempted suicides.
15. Long-range acoustic devices (LRADs) emit a painfully loud sound and have proven highly effective in
dispersing an unruly crowd.

16. The first officer to arrive at a crime scene automatically incurs the responsibility of securing the scene
from unauthorized intrusion or other contamination.

17. According to the NIJ’s guide to incident response, the first responding officer is in charge of the scene
until all evidence is collected.

18. The crime scene search can be the most important part of the investigation.

19. Violent crimes frequently yield evidence such as blood, hair, fibers, and fingerprints.

20. Panhandlers are always aggressive and play upon a citizen’s fears.

21. The most dangerous hostage situation is usually one involving terrorists.

attempted suicides.
22. National data indicate 20 percent of homeless people eat one meal a day or less.

23. The number-one rule in hostage situations is to speed things up.

attempted suicides.
24. Since the advent of community policing, many departments across the country have abandoned their
aggressive enforcement of disorder offenses.

25. One of the most important challenges is reducing violent attacks against homeless people, which data
indicate have increased substantially over the past decade.

SHORT ANSWER
1. Drawing on environmental criminology and the principle set forth in the ____________ __________
theory, geospatial statistical analysis seeks to help law enforcement understand and identify the
specific jurisdictional characteristics associated with their local crime and disorder problems.
ANS:
routine activity
PTS: 1 REF: (p. 206)

2. The chain of possession is also called a chain of ______________.
ANS:
custody
PTS: 1 REF: (p. 215)

3. The number-one rule in barricaded-individual or suicide-attempt situations is to

__________________________________________.
ANS:
slow things down
PTS: 1 REF: (p. 228)

attempted suicides.
4. Cohesion among neighborhood residents combined with shared expectations for informal social
control of public space is known as _______________ ______________.
ANS:
collective efficacy
PTS: 1 REF: (p. 216)

5. By congressional mandate, _______________ was added to the list of Part I offenses in 1979.
ANS:
Arson
PTS: 1 REF: (p. 200)

6. Devices that explode with a loud bang and emit a brilliant, temporarily blinding light are called
______________.
ANS:
flashbangs
PTS: 1 REF: (p. 228)

OBJ: How departments should be prepared to deal with demonstrations and violence.
7. The _______________ ______________ is a rather superficial on-site assessment and collection of
evidentiary details observed by the first responding officer(s) and relayed by witnesses.
ANS:
preliminary investigation
PTS: 1 REF: (p. 214)

8. ________________ include rowdiness, abandoned buildings, and graffiti.
ANS:
Incivilities
PTS: 1 REF: (p. 216)

9. As it relates to crime mapping, GIS stands for _______________ _______________

________________.
ANS:
geographic information system
PTS: 1 REF: (p. 206)

10. The _______________ distinguishes between attempted and completed crimes.
ANS:
National Incident-Based Reporting System or NIBRS
ational Incident-Based Reporting System
NIBRS
PTS: 1 REF: (p. 202)

MATCHING
Each item may be matched only once. Select the best match.
a. chain of possession e. NIBRS

b. civil disobedience f. collective efficacy
c. CompStat g. UCR
d. NCVS h. Stockholm syndrome
1. Part I and Part II offenses
2. Group A and Group B offenses
3. an ongoing survey of a nationally representative sample of households regarding criminal
victimization
4. a goal-oriented, strategic-management process that uses information technology, operational strategy,
and managerial accountability to guide police operations
5. documents who has had control of evidence from the time it is discovered until it is presented in court
6. through the process of transference, hostages begin to feel positively toward their captors and
negatively toward the police, and the captors return those positive feelings
7. breaking a law to prove a point or to protest something
8. refers to cohesion among neighborhood residents along with expectations of informal social control in
public places that inhibits both crime and disorder
1. ANS: G PTS: 1 REF: (p. 200)

2. ANS: E PTS: 1 REF: (p. 202)
3. ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: (p. 202)
4. ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: (p. 207)
5. ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: (p. 215)
6. ANS: H PTS: 1 REF: (pp. 227–228)
7. ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: (p. 221)
8. ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: (p. 216)
ESSAY
1. Describe in as much detail as possible the responsibilities of an officer responding to calls regarding
disorderly or troublesome people.
ANS:
Answer varies.
PTS: 1 REF: (pp. 216–221)

2. List the steps involved in a preliminary investigation and explain the purpose(s) of each step.
ANS:
Answer varies.
PTS: 1 REF: (pp. 208–216)

3. Discuss suicide by cop (SBC), including characteristics of the typical subject, indicators the subject
may be attempting SBC, and steps officers can take when responding to a potential SBC incident.
ANS:
Answer varies.
PTS: 1 REF: (p. 231) OBJ: What crisis situations police officers may face.
4. Discuss officer suicide, including triggers, reasons why the number of actual officer suicides is
believed to be higher, and the advantages and disadvantages negotiators face when attempting to talk
to a suicidal officer.
ANS:
Answer varies.
PTS: 1 REF: (p. 232) OBJ: What crisis situations police officers may face.
5. List and discuss the differences between UCR, NIBRS, and NCVS.
ANS:
Answer varies.
PTS: 1 REF: (pp. 200–204)


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Test Bank for Police Operations Theory and

Practice 6th Edition Hess Orthmann and Lim

Download full test bank at:

CHAPTER 6: CRIME, DISORDER, AND QUALITY-OF-LIFE ISSUES:

1. Which of the following is not classified as a violent crime by the UCR?

6. Property crimes most commonly yield evidence such as

8. An issue that may spark civil disobedience is

11. CompStat began in

16. The Stockholm syndrome involves

17. Geographic information systems, or GIS,

21. Responsibilities of officers responding to a call regarding a criminal act include

23. The preliminary investigation of a crime involves

ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: (p. 227)

ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: (p. 202)

ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: (p. 220)

ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: (pp. 208–209)

ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: (p. 220)

ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: (p. 202)

7. The UCR distinguishes between attempted and completed crimes.

ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: (p. 202)

ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: (p. 225)

ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: (p. 199)

ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: (p. 200)

ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: (p. 204)

ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: (p. 200)

ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: (p. 231)

ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: (p. 228)

ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: (p. 226)

ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: (p. 212)

ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: (p. 213)

ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: (p. 215)

ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: (p. 215)

ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: (p. 217)

ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: (p. 227)

ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: (p. 220)

23. The number-one rule in hostage situations is to speed things up.

ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: (p. 228)

ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: (p. 232)

ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: (p. 221)

PTS: 1 REF: (p. 206)

2. The chain of possession is also called a chain of ______________.

PTS: 1 REF: (p. 215)

3. The number-one rule in barricaded-individual or suicide-attempt situations is to

PTS: 1 REF: (p. 228)

PTS: 1 REF: (p. 216)

PTS: 1 REF: (p. 200)

PTS: 1 REF: (p. 228)

PTS: 1 REF: (p. 214)

8. ________________ include rowdiness, abandoned buildings, and graffiti.

PTS: 1 REF: (p. 216)

9. As it relates to crime mapping, GIS stands for _______________ _______________

PTS: 1 REF: (p. 206)

10. The _______________ distinguishes between attempted and completed crimes.

PTS: 1 REF: (p. 202)

a. chain of possession e. NIBRS

1. ANS: G PTS: 1 REF: (p. 200)

PTS: 1 REF: (pp. 216–221)

PTS: 1 REF: (pp. 208–216)

PTS: 1 REF: (pp. 200–204)

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9. As it relates to crime mapping, GIS stands for _ _