Generally the equipment nozzles are sized to match the connected pipe work and the connected pipe

work are
sized to meet pressure drop and velocity requirements based on a a given flow of fluids through them (some
design standards like the Shell DEP on 2 phase / 3 phase Separators mention a maximum velocity criteria of 1
m/s to be maintained in the liquid outlet nozzles of a separator. However Shell appears to mention this criteria
more to typically align with an industry practice of maintaining low velocities in typical pump suction lines
connected to vessels).

A non-pump suction liquid line could be sized using a general velocity criteria of 3 m/s and an appropriate
pressure drop (assuming the liquid is clean as most hydrocarbon liquids are. Exceptions could be hydrocarbon
slurry like liquids with a propensity to deposit solids at low pipe velocities or high viscosity liquids and / or any
other special application liquids ). That said however each company may have their own set criteria for
maximum recommnded velocities to be maintained in the vessel nozzles and I reckon your company may have
one too which I think you must follow.

Usually pressure drops for typical in-plant liquid pipe work of single phase of few odd hundred meters length
should not be of a concern until and unless its otherwise. However it will be different if the flow has some
semblance of two phase flow (slug flow for example) and sizing for two phase flow is not as straight forward
as single phase. However calculation techniques / methods exist as also specialised software / spreadsheets do
exist. In most situations the flow regime (slug, annular etc.) as determined by calculations on paper may not
eventually be the same when the actual facility is installed and operated. the two pahse flow may end up in a
totally different flow regime

Once you size the inlet nozzle, calculate fluid velocity since Higher velocities (> 10 -15 m/s) can
impinge directly on shell wall depending on diameter of vessel. If this case arises the vessel should
be provided with a suitable impingement plate. Therefore, in my opinion, velocity criteria for the inlet
nozzle is used to decide the requirement of impingement /deflector plate. Deflector plate mainly
required for no inlet device / half open pipe. I am not sure in case of Schoepentoeter. .

Nozzles should be sized according to pipe sizing criteria, such as those

provided in API RP 14E. The outlet nozzle is generally the same size as the
inlet nozzle. To prevent baffle destruction due to impingement, the entering
fluid velocity is to be limited as:

If an interior centrifugal (cyclone) separator is used, the inlet nozzle size should
be the same size as the pipe. If the internal design requires the smallest inlet
and exit pressure losses possible, the nozzle size should be increased.
A nozzle is a device that controls or shapes the flow of a fluid, such as water or air. It is often used to
increase the velocity or pressure of the fluid as it exits one end of the nozzle. They are used in a
variety of applications, such as in sprayers, engines, and fire hoses. 

They can be designed to produce different types of flow patterns, such as a fine mist or a strong jet.
The basic principle here is to convert the pressure energy of a fluid into kinetic energy, which
increases the fluid's velocity. 

The rate of flow, speed, direction, mass, shape, and pressure of the stream can all be controlled by
nozzles to varying degrees.

How does nozzle size affect velocity?

The larger nozzle diameter gives more mass of fluid to be carried. It is also related to
the momentum energy generated that when the fluid velocity s constant with increasing
fluid mass so the momentum gets larger then the jt plunges deeper

What is the relationship between pressure and velocity in a nozzle?

A nozzle is a device, a duct of varying cross-section area in which a steadily flowing
fluid can be made to accelerate by a pressure drop along the duct.
ADVERTISEMENTS: So when a fluid flows through a nozzle, its velocity increases
continuously and pressure decreases continuously.

Do nozzles increase pressure or velocity?

Nozzles are frequently used to control the rate of flow, speed, direction, mass, shape,
and/or the pressure of the stream that emerges from them. In a nozzle, the velocity of
fluid increases at the expense of its pressure energy.