小窗幽记陈眉公著张祖锦注 http://www.sciencenet.cn/u/zjzhang/

小窗幽记陈眉公著张祖锦注 http://www.sciencenet.
cn/u/zjzhang/
小窗幽记
01 安得一服清凉散，人人解酲···············································································10
02 澹泊之守，镇定之操···························································································10
03 市恩不如报德·······································································································10
04 使人有面前之誉，不若无背后之毁···································································10
05 天薄我福，吾厚吾德···························································································11
06 澹泊之士，必为浓艳者所疑···············································································11
07 好丑两得其平，贤愚共受其益···········································································11
08 多情必至寡情，任性终不失性···········································································11
09 立名为贪，用术为拙···························································································12
10 淡名利者，未忘名利之情···················································································12
11 伏久者，飞必高···································································································12
12 天欲祸人，必先以微福骄之···············································································12
13 世人破绽处，多从周旋处见···············································································13
14 书画是雅事，贪痴亦商贾···················································································13
15 轻财聚人，律己服人···························································································13
16 将难放怀一放，则万境宽···················································································13
17 大事难事看担当，逆境顺境看襟度···································································14
18 以我攻人，不如使人自露···················································································14
19 宁为随世庸愚，勿为欺世豪杰···········································································14
20 习忙可以销福，得谤可以销名···········································································14
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小窗幽记陈眉公著张祖锦注 http://www.sciencenet.cn/u/zjzhang/
21 人之嗜节，当以德消之·······················································································15
22 一念之善，吉神相随···························································································15
23 梦里不能张主，泉下安得分明···········································································15
24 人了了不知了，不知了了是了了·······································································15
25 人我往来，是第一快活世界···············································································15
26 不必无恶邻，不必无损友···················································································15
27 君子小人，五更检点···························································································16
28 以道窒欲，则心自清···························································································16
29 先达后近，交友道也···························································································16
30 形骸非亲，大地亦幻···························································································16
31 寂而常惺，惺而常寂···························································································16
32 童子智少，少而愈完···························································································16
33 常思考，多检点···································································································16
34 脱厌如释重，带恋如担枷···················································································17
35 透得名利关，透得生死关···················································································17
36 多躁者，必无沉潜之识·······················································································17
37 佳思忽来，书能下酒···························································································17
38 生死老病，谁能透过···························································································18
39 真放肆不在饮酒高歌···························································································18
40 人生待足何时足···································································································18
41 云烟影里见真身···································································································19
42 明霞可爱，瞬眼辄空···························································································19
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43 此言宜深玩味·······································································································19
44 有誉于前，不若无毁于后···················································································19
45 无稽之言，是在不听听耳···················································································19
46 拨开才是手段，立定方见脚跟···········································································20
47 身在事外，宜悉利害···························································································20
48 谈空反被空误·······································································································20
49 贫不足羞，贱不足恶···························································································20
50 彼无望德，此无示恩···························································································21
51 当为情死，不当为情怨·······················································································21
52 缩不尽相思地，补不完离恨天·······································································22
53 梦醒心不归···········································································································22
54 我幸在不痴不慧中·······························································································22
55 出相思海，下离恨天···························································································22
56 花柳藏淑女，雨云襄王梦···················································································22
57 天若有情天亦老···································································································23
58 吴娇小玉飞作烟···································································································23
59 杨柳沾啼痕，三叠唱离别···················································································23
60 弄柳拈花，尽是销魂之处···················································································24
61 豆蔻不消心上恨···································································································24
62 截住巫山不放云···································································································24
63 那忍重看娃鬓绿···································································································25
64 千古空闺之感，顿令薄幸惊魂···········································································25
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65 良缘易合，知己难投···························································································25
66 蝶憩香风，尚多芳梦···························································································25
67 无端饮却相思水···································································································25
68 多情成恋，薄命何嗟···························································································25
69 清风好伴，明月古人···························································································26
70 平生云水心，春花秋月语···················································································27
71 封疆缩地，中庭歌舞犹喧···················································································27
72 士不晓廉耻，衣冠狗彘·······················································································27
73 宁以风霜自挟，毋为鱼鸟亲人···········································································27
74 仕夫贪财好货，乃有爵之乞丐···········································································28
75 一失足为千古恨···································································································28
76 圣贤不白之衷，托之日月···················································································28
77 士大夫爱钱，书香化为铜臭···············································································28
78 心为形役，尘世马牛···························································································28
79 留有余智，提防不测···························································································29
80 要担当，又要善摆脱···························································································29
81 假认不得真，巧藏不了拙···············································································29
82 量情较雨，弄月嘲风···························································································29
83 放下仙佛心，方名为得道···················································································29
84 执拗者福轻，圆融者禄厚····················································································29
85 达人撒手悬崖·······································································································30
86 身世浮名余以梦蝶视之·······················································································30
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87 有百折不回之真心·······························································································30
88 立业建功，实地着脚···························································································30
89 兢兢业业心思，潇潇洒洒趣味···········································································30
90 无事提防，有事镇定···························································································31
91 穷通之境未遭，主持之局已定···········································································31
92 人之处世，可怜如此···························································································31
93 刚强，终不胜柔弱·······························································································31
94 声应气求之夫，风行水上之文·······································································31
95 才智英敏者，宜以学问摄其躁···········································································32
96 居轩冕之中，有山林气味···················································································32
97 少言语以当贵，多著述以当富···········································································32
98 要做男子，须负刚肠···························································································32
99 柔玉温香，可成白骨···························································································33
100 空烦恼场，绝营求念 ····················································································33
101 闲随老衲清潭，戏与骚人白战 ········································································33
102 宁为真士夫，不为假道学 ················································································33
103 觑破兴衰究竟，人我得失冰消 ········································································33
104 名山乏侣，不解壁上芒鞋 ················································································33
105 无技最苦，多技最劳 ························································································33
106 才士不妨泛驾，诤臣岂合模棱 ········································································34
107 宁为薄幸狂夫，不作厚颜君子 ········································································34
108 魑魅满前，笑著阮家无鬼论 ············································································34
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109 至音不合众听，至宝不同众好 ········································································34
110 世人白昼寐语 ····································································································35
111 拨开世上尘氛 ····································································································35
112 才子安心草舍，佳人适意蓬门 ········································································35
113 喜传语者，不可与语 ························································································35
114 不留昨日之非，不执今日之是 ········································································35
115 玄奇之疾，医以平易 ························································································36
116 人常想病时，则尘心便减 ··············································································36
117 恩爱吾之仇也 ····································································································36
118 人生善读书，享世间清福 ················································································36
119 古人不掩瑕瑜，今人难知真伪 ········································································36
120 以忍制己情，以恕制人情 ········································································37
121 随遇而安，何不清闲 ························································································37
122 浮云有常情，流水多浓旨 ················································································37
123 贫士肯济人，闹场能笃学 ················································································37
124 了心自了事，逃世应逃名 ················································································37
125 风流得意，鬼胜顽仙 ························································································37
126 不因人言而悟，不因外境而得 ········································································37
127 简淡出豪杰，忠孝成神仙 ················································································38
128 浇花种树，道人魔障 ························································································38
129 天下之灵，千古如新 ························································································38
130 人生三乐 ············································································································38
6
131 眼里无点尘埃，方可读书千卷 ········································································38
132 不作风波于世上 ································································································39
133 无事不乐而忧，是一座活地狱 ········································································39
134 必出世者，方能入世 ························································································39
135 人有一字不识，而多诗意 ················································································39
136 眉上几分愁，且去观棋酌酒 ············································································39
137 得心上之本来，方可言了心 ············································································39
138 调性之法 ············································································································40
139 好茶涤烦，好酒消忧 ························································································40
140 破除烦恼木鱼声，见澈性灵优钵影 ································································40
141 太闲生恶业，太清类俗情 ················································································40
142 灵丹一粒，点化俗情 ························································································40
143 妖冶成泉下骷髅，功名是梦中蝴蝶 ································································41
144 独坐禅房，意揖达摩 ························································································41
145 以正敛放，以趣通板 ························································································41
146 疑善信恶，满腔杀机 ························································································41
147 能脱俗便是奇，不合污便是清 ········································································42
148 君子尽心利济，即此便是立命 ········································································42
149 读史耐讹字，闲居耐俗汉 ················································································42
150 声色娱情，何若净几明窗 ················································································42
151 心上无事好快活，何必情欲乃为乐 ································································42
152 兴来醉倒落花前，机息忘怀磐石上 ································································42
7
153 烦恼之场，何种不有 ························································································43
154 休便休去，了时无了 ························································································43
155 意亦甚适，梦亦同趣 ························································································43
156 业净成慧眼，无物到茅庵 ················································································43
157 犬吠鸡鸣，恍似云中世界 ················································································43
158 异士未必在山泽 ································································································43
159 可爱之人可怜，可恶之人可惜 ········································································44
160 事有急之不白者 ································································································44
161 比上不足，比下有余 ························································································44
162 俭为贤德，贫是美称 ························································································44
163 唤醒梦中之梦，窥见身外之身 ········································································44
164 打透生死关 ········································································································44
165 一笔写出，便是作手 ························································································45
166 隐逸林中无荣辱 ································································································45
167 皮囊速坏，神识常存 ························································································45
168 闻谤勿怒，见誉勿喜 ························································································45
169 人胜我无害，我胜人非福 ················································································45
170 闭门是深山，读书有净土 ················································································45
171 欲见圣人气象，必须胸中洁净 ········································································46
172 成名每在穷苦日 ································································································46
173 让利精于取利 ····································································································46
174 求福速祸，安然得福 ·························································································46
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175 看书不可拘泥旧说 ·····························································································46
176 但识琴中趣，何劳弦上音 ················································································46
177 出一言解之，是无量功德 ················································································46
178 伶人代古人，似今人为文 ················································································47
179 闲有余日，正可学问 ························································································47
180 简傲不可谓高，阿谀不可谓谦 ········································································47
181 丹青乃无言之诗，诗句乃有言之画 ································································47
182 云霞为伴侣，青松为心知 ················································································48
183 耳目宽则天地窄 ································································································48
184 从江干溪畔箕踞 ··························································································48
185 有书癖而无剪裁，徒号书橱 ············································································48
186 鸟啼花落，有会于心 ························································································49
187 山之胜，妙于天成 ····························································································49
188 清闲无事，坐卧随心 ························································································49
189 舞蝶游蜂，落花飞絮 ························································································49
190 鸟栖高枝，士隐岩穴 ························································································49
191 混迹尘中，高视物外 ························································································49
192 五夜鸡鸣 ············································································································50
193 取凉于扇 ············································································································50
194 月榭凭栏 ·············································································································50
9
01 安得一服清凉散，
安得一服清凉散，人人解酲
醒食中山之酒，一醉千日，今之昏昏逐逐，无一日不醉。
趋名者醉于朝，
趋利者醉于野，
豪者醉于声色车马。
安得一服清凉散，人人解酲（cheng）。
02 澹泊之守，
澹泊之守，镇定之操
澹泊之守，须从浓艳场中试来；
镇定之操，还向纷纭境中勘过。
富贵不能淫，
富贵不能淫，贫贱不能移，
注：富贵不能淫能屈。---孟子
贫贱不能移，威武不能屈
威武不能屈。孟子
03 市恩不如报德
市恩不如报德之为厚；
要誉不如逃名之为适；
矫情不如直节之为真。
滴水之恩，
滴水之恩，当涌泉相报。
注：1.滴水之恩当涌泉相报。
2. 勤勤奋奋做事，
勤勤奋奋做事，本本分分做人，
本本分分做人，平平淡淡才是真实的人生。
平平淡淡才是真实的人生。
04 使人有面前之誉，
使人有面前之誉，不若无
不若无背后之毁
使人有面前之誉，不若使人无背后之毁；
使人有乍交之欢，不若使人无处久之厌。
10
哪个人前不说人，
哪个人前不说人，那个人后不被说。
注：1.哪个人前不说人那个人后不被说。
2.以平淡之心看待
以平淡之心看待人前之语
以平淡之心看待人前之语，
人前之语，人后之言。
人后之言。
05 天薄我福，
天薄我福，吾厚吾德
厚吾德以迎之；
天薄我福，吾厚吾德
厚吾德
逸吾心以补之；
天老我形，吾逸吾心
逸吾心
亨吾道以通之。
天厄我运，吾亨吾道
亨吾道
06 澹泊之士
澹泊之士，
之士，必为浓艳者所疑
澹泊之士，必为浓艳者所疑；
检饰之人，必为放肆者所忌。
事穷势蹙（cu）之人，当原其初心；
功成行满之士，要观其末路。
07 好丑两得其平
好丑两得其平，
两得其平，贤愚共受其益
贤愚共受其益
好丑心太明，则物不契；
贤愚心太明，则人不亲。
须是内精明，而外浑厚，使好丑两得其平，贤愚共受其益，才是生成的德量。
金无足赤，
金无足赤，人无完人。
注：1.金无足赤人无完人。
2.人非圣贤
人非圣贤，
人非圣贤，孰能无过。
孰能无过。
3.大巧若拙
大巧若拙，
大巧若拙，大智若愚。
大智若愚。
08 多情必至寡情，
多情必至寡情，任性终不失性
11
情最难久，故多情人必至寡情；
性自有常，故任性人终不失性。
物极必反。
物极必反。
注：物极必反
09 立名为贪，
立名为贪，用术为拙
真廉无名，立名者，所以为贪；
大巧无术，用术者，所以为拙。
10 淡名利者，
淡名利者，未忘名利之情
未忘名利之情
谭山林之乐者，未必真得山林之趣；
厌名利之谭者，未必尽忘名利之情。
心口不一之人常有之
心口不一之人常有之。
注：心口不一之人常有之。
11 伏久者，
伏久者，飞必高
伏久者，飞必高；
开先者，谢独早。
后来者居上。
后来者居上。
注：1.后来者居上
2.厚积薄发
厚积薄发，
厚积薄发，大器晚成。
大器晚成。
3.中庸之道是也
中庸之道是也。
中庸之道是也。
12 天欲祸人，
天欲祸人，必先以微福骄之
必先以微福骄之
天欲祸人，必先以微福骄之，要看他会受；
天欲福人，必先以微祸儆之，要看他会救。
12
祸兮福之所倚，福兮祸之所伏。---老子
祸兮福之所倚，福兮祸之所伏。
注：祸兮福之所倚老子
13 世人破绽处
世人破绽处，
破绽处，多从周旋
多从周旋处见
周旋处见
世人
破绽处，多从周旋处见；
指摘处，多从爱护处见；
艰难处，多从贪恋处见。
14 书画是雅事，
书画是雅事，贪痴亦商贾
贪痴亦商贾
山栖是胜事，稍一萦恋，则亦市朝；
书画赏鉴是雅事，稍一贪痴，则亦商贾；
诗酒是乐事，稍一曲人，则亦地狱；
好客是豁达事，稍一为俗子所扰，则亦苦海。
15 轻财聚人
轻财聚人，
聚人，律己服人
轻财足以聚人，律己足以服人，
量宽足以得人，身先足以率人。
16 将难放怀一放
将难放怀一放，
放怀一放，则万境宽
从极迷处识迷，则到处醒；
将难放怀一放，则万境宽。
陆游《
陆游《游山西村》
注：陆游游山西村》：
莫笑农家腊酒浑，
莫笑农家腊酒浑，丰年留客足鸡豚。
丰年留客足鸡豚。
山重水复疑无路，
山重水复疑无路，柳暗花明又一村。
柳暗花明又一村。
13
箫鼓追随春社近
箫鼓追随春社近，
社近，衣冠简朴古风存。
衣冠简朴古风存。
从今若许闲乘月，
从今若许闲乘月，拄杖无时夜叩门。
拄杖无时夜叩门。
17 大事难事看担当
大事难事看担当，
难事看担当，逆境顺境看襟
逆境顺境看襟度
看襟度
大事难事看担当，逆境顺境看襟度，
临喜临怒看涵养，群行群止看识见。
注：1. 李世民赠萧瑀
李世民赠萧瑀：
萧瑀：
疾风知劲草，
疾风知劲草，板荡识诚臣。
板荡识诚臣。勇夫安知义，
勇夫安知义，智者必怀仁。
智者必怀仁。
2. 毛泽东《游泳（1956.06）
毛泽东《水调歌头·游泳
水调歌头游泳（）》：
才饮长沙水，
才饮长沙水，又食武昌鱼。
又食武昌鱼。
万里长江横渡，
万里长江横渡，极目楚天舒。
极目楚天舒。
不管风吹浪打，
不管风吹浪打，胜似闲庭信步，
胜似闲庭信步，今日得宽馀。
今日得宽馀。
子在川上曰：
子在川上曰：逝者如斯夫！
逝者如斯夫！
风樯动，
风樯动，龟蛇静，
龟蛇静，起宏图。
起宏图。
一桥飞架南北，
一桥飞架南北，天堑变通途。
天堑变通途。
更立西江石壁，
更立西江石壁，截断巫山云雨，
截断巫山云雨，高峡出平湖
高峡出平湖。
平湖。
神女应无
女应无恙，当惊世界殊。
界殊。
18 以我攻人，
以我攻人，不如使人自露
良心在夜气清明之候，
真情在箪食豆羹之间。
故以我索人，不如使人自反；
以我攻人，不如使人自露。
19 宁为随世庸愚
宁为随世庸愚，
庸愚，勿为欺世豪杰
勿为欺世豪杰
宁为随世庸愚，
勿为欺世豪杰。
南宋易安居
注：南宋易安居士
安居士李清照《
清照《夏日绝句》：
绝句》：
生当作
生当作人杰，
死亦为鬼雄
死亦为鬼雄。
鬼雄。
至今思项羽，
思项羽，
不肯过江东。
过江东。
20 习忙可以销福
习忙可以销福，得谤可以销名
得谤可以销名
14
清福上帝所吝，而习忙可以销福；
清名上帝所忌，而得谤可以销名。
21 人之嗜节，
人之嗜节，当以德消之
当以德消之
人之嗜节，嗜文草，嗜游侠，
如好酒然，易动客气，当以德消之。
22 一念之善，
一念之善，吉神相随
一念之善，吉神相随；
一念之恶，厉鬼随之。
知此可以役使鬼神。
善有善报，恶有恶报，善恶之分
注：善善恶之分，心头之念。---佛
之分，全在于心头之念佛家
23 梦里不能张主，
梦里不能张主，泉下安得分明
眉睫线交，梦里便不能张主；
眼光落地，泉下又安得分明。
24 人了了不知了，
人了了不知了，不知了了是了了
不知了了是了了
佛只是个了仙，也是个了圣。
人了了不知了，
不知了了是了了；
若知了了，便不了。
第一，四行的“了
注：1.第了”，
，了却的
了却的意思；
意思；
2.第二
第二，三行的“了
第二，三行的了”，
，前一个是了却
前一个是了却的
了却的意思，
意思，后一个是聪
后一个是聪明的意思
明的意思。
意思。
25 人我往来
人我往来，
往来，是第一快活世
是第一快活世界
快活世界
剖去胸中荆棘以便人我往来，
是天下第一快活世界。
待人以诚。
待人以诚。
注：待人以诚
26 不必无
不必无恶邻，
恶邻，不必无损友
15
居不必无恶邻，
会不必无损友，
惟在自持者两得之。
虽“近
注：虽者赤，近墨者黑”，
近朱者赤，，但“寸
寸有所长，有所短”！
有所长，尺有所短！
27 君子小人，
君子小人，五更检点
要知自家是君子小人，只须五更头检点，思想的是什么便得。
三醒吾
三醒吾身，三洗吾
注：三醒三洗吾脑。
28 以道窒欲，
以道窒欲，则心自清
以理听言，则中有主；
以道窒欲，则心自清。
29 先达后近，
先达后近，交友道也
先淡后浓，先疏后亲，先达后近，交友道也。
30 形骸非亲，
形骸非亲，大地亦幻
形骸非亲，何况形骸外之长物；
大地亦幻，何况大地内之微尘。
31 寂而常惺，
寂而常惺，惺而常寂
寂而常惺，寂寂之境不扰；
惺而常寂，惺惺之念不驰。
惺，清醒的
注：惺清醒的意思。
意思。
32 童子智少，
童子智少，少而愈完
童子智少，愈少而愈完；
成人智多，愈多而愈散。
为学日道日损。---老子
为学日益，为道日损
注：为学老子
33 常思考，
常思考，多检点
16
无事便思有闲闲杂念头
杂念头否；
粗浮意气否；
有事便思有粗浮意气
粗浮意气
骄矜辞色否；
得意便思有骄矜辞色
骄矜辞色
怨望情怀
怨望情怀否。
失意便思有怨望情
时时检点得到，从多入少，从有入无，才是学问的真消息。
高处不胜寒
注：高不胜寒。
34 脱厌如释重，
脱厌如释重，带恋如担枷
带恋如担枷
贫贱之人，一无所有，及临命终时，脱一厌字；
富贵之人，无所不有，及临命终时，带一恋字。
脱一厌字，如释重负；带一恋字，如担枷锁。
35 透得名利关
透得名利关，
名利关，透得生死关
透得名利关，方是小休歇；
透得生死关，方是大休歇。
36 多躁者，
多躁者，必无沉潜之识
沉潜之识；
多躁者，必无沉潜
沉潜
卓越之见；
多畏者，必无卓越
卓越
慷慨之节；
多欲者，必无慷慨
慷慨
笃实之心；
多言者，必无笃
文学之雅。
多勇者，必无文学
文学
注：其实也未
其实也看人家辛弃
未必吧。看人家辛弃疾
辛弃气吞万里如
疾，气吞万里如虎
万里如虎。
也是，
也是，都是人，有那么一两个“少
是人，有那么少”，
，应该也
应该也挺好；
挺好；
有那么一两个“多
有那么多”，
，应该才
应该才正常。
37 佳思忽来
佳思忽来，
忽来，书能下酒
佳思忽来，书能下酒；
17
侠情一往，云可赠人。
饮酒重在
饮酒重在情趣
注：1.饮酒重在情趣，
情趣，不在佳肴
不在佳肴；
佳肴；侠情重在心
侠情重在心意
重在心意，不在价值
不在价值。
价值。
2. 花间一壶酒，独酌无相
独酌无相亲
无相亲。
举杯邀明月
举杯邀明月，
明月，对影成
对影成三人。
月既不解饮，影徒随
影徒随我身。
我身。
暂伴月
暂伴月将影，
将影，行乐须及春
行乐须及春。
我歌月徘徊
歌月徘徊，
徘徊，我舞影零乱。
我舞影零乱。
醒时同交欢，
同交欢，醉后各分散。
永结无
永结无情游，相期邈云
期邈云汉。
---李
李白《月下独酌》
下独酌》
38 生死老病，
生死老病，谁能透过
人不得道，生死老病四字关，谁能透过？
独美人名将老病之状，尤为可怜。
万里长
万里长城今犹在，不见当年秦始皇
注：万里当年秦始皇。
秦始皇。
39 真放肆不在饮酒高歌
真放肆不在饮酒高歌，假矜持偏于大庭卖弄。
看明世事透，自然不重功名；
认得当下真，是以常寻乐地。
40 人生待足何时足
18
人生待足何时足，未老得闲始是闲。
41 云烟影里
云烟影里见真身
影里见真身
云烟影里见真身，始悟形骸为桎梏；
禽鸟声中闻自性，方知情识为戈矛。
42 明霞可爱，
明霞可爱，瞬眼辄
瞬眼辄空
明霞可爱，瞬眼而辄空；
流水堪听，过耳而不恋。
人能以明霞视美色，则业障自轻；
人能以流水听弦歌，则性灵何害。
43 此言宜深玩味
此言宜深玩味
寒山诗云：
有人来骂我，分明了了知，虽然不应对，却是得便宜。
此言宜深玩味。
44 有誉于前，
有誉于前，不若无毁于后
无毁于后
无毁于后
有誉于前，不若无毁于后；
无忧于心
有乐于心，不若无忧于心。
45 无稽之言，
无稽之言，是在不听听
是在不听听耳
不听听耳
会心之语，当以不解解之；
19
无稽之言，是在不听听耳。
昨夜星辰昨夜风
注：昨星辰昨夜风，
夜风，
画楼西
画楼西畔桂堂东
畔桂堂东。
身无彩凤双飞
彩凤双飞翼，
心有灵犀
心有灵犀一
灵犀一点通。
隔座送钩春酒
隔座送钩春酒暖
春酒暖，
分曹射覆蜡灯红。
曹射覆蜡灯红。
嗟余听鼓
嗟余听鼓应官去，
应官去，
走马兰台类转蓬。
走马兰台类转蓬。
---李
李商隐《
商隐《无题》
46 拨开才是手段
拨开才是手段，立定方
立定方见脚跟
花繁柳密处拨得开，才是手段；
风狂雨急时立得定，方见脚跟。
在顺境中
注：在顺境中要有洒脱的
洒脱的气概；
气概；在逆境中
逆境中要有坚定的
坚定的意志。
意志。
47 身在事外
身在事外，宜悉利害
议事者身在事外，宜悉利害之情；
任事者身居事中，当忘利害之虑。
48 谈空反被空
反被空误
谈空反被空误，耽静多为静缚。
49 贫不足羞
不足羞，贱不足恶
贫不足羞，可羞是贫而无志；
贱不足恶，可恶是贱而无能；
20
老不足叹，可叹是老而虚生；
死不足悲，可悲是死而无补。
50 彼无望德，此无示
此无示恩
穷交所以
穷交所以能长
彼无望德，此无示恩；穷交所以能长；
能长
利交所以必
利交所以必伤
望不胜奢，欲不胜餍，利交所以必伤。
君子之交
注：君子之交淡如水。
淡如水。
51 当为情死，
当为情死，不当为情
不当为情怨
当为情死，
情语云：当为情死，不当为情怨
不当为情怨。
为情怨。
关乎情者，原可死而不可怨者也。
虽然既云情矣，此身已为情有，又何忍死耶？
然不死终不透彻耳。
君平之柳，
平之柳，崔护之花
崔护之花，
之花，汉宫之
汉宫之流叶，
流叶，蜀女之
蜀女之飘梧，
令后世有情之人咨嗟想慕，托之言语，寄之歌咏。
奴无昆仑，
而奴黄衫，知己无押（ya）
昆仑，客无黄衫
客无黄衫，）衙（ya）
），同志无
同志无虞侯，
虞侯，
陌路萧郎
则虽盟在海棠，终是陌路萧郎耳。
崔护之花
崔护之花：
注：崔护之花：
去年今日此
年今日此门中，
门中，
人面桃花相
面桃花相映红
花相映红。
映红。
人面不知何处去
不知何处去，
何处去，
桃花依旧笑春风
依旧笑春风。
笑春风。
21
52 缩不尽相思地，
相思地，补不完离恨天
离恨天
费长房缩不尽相思地；
女娲氏补不完离恨天。
费长房用缩地术看
注：费用缩地术看遍世界；女娲氏用五色石
女娲氏用五色石补上天缺
上天缺。
53 梦醒心不归
心不归
枕边梦去心亦去；
醒后梦还心不还。
54 我幸在不痴不慧中
不痴不慧中
阮籍邻家少妇，有美色，
当垆（lu）沽（gu）酒，籍常诣（yi）饮，醉便卧其侧。
隔帘闻坠钗（chai）声，而不动念者，此人不痴则慧，
我幸在不痴不慧中。
55 出相思海
相思海，下离恨天
离恨天
慈悲筏济人出相思海；
恩爱梯接人下离恨天。
眉公实在
眉公实在太
注：眉公实在太有才：
有才：
思是海，筏济你出
筏济你出海；
恨是天，
是天，梯接你下天
梯接你下天。
56 花柳藏淑女
花柳藏淑女，
藏淑女，雨云襄王梦
襄王梦
花柳深藏淑女居，何殊三千弱水；
22
雨云不入襄王梦，空忆十二巫山。
落花虽有意，流水本无心。
注：落水本无心。
57 天若有情天亦老
黄叶无风
黄叶无风自落
无风自落，
自落，秋云不雨长
不雨长阴。
天若有情
天若有情天亦老，摇摇幽
摇摇幽恨难禁。
难禁。
惆怅旧欢如梦，觉来无处追寻。
范仲淹《
范仲淹《御街行
注：范仲淹御街行》
纷纷坠叶飘
纷纷坠叶飘香砌
叶飘香砌。
香砌。夜寂静，寒声碎。
声碎。
真珠帘卷玉楼
珠帘卷玉楼空，天淡银河垂
天淡银河垂地
银河垂地。
年年今夜
年年今夜，
今夜，月华如练，长是人千
长是人千里。
愁肠已断无
愁肠已断无由
断无由醉，酒未到，先成泪。
残灯明灭枕头
灭枕头欹，谙尽孤眠滋味。
谙尽孤眠滋味。
都来此事，眉间心上
眉间心上，
心上，无计相回避。
回避。
58 吴娇小
吴娇小玉飞作烟
吴娇小玉飞作烟，越艳西施化为土。
59 杨柳沾
杨柳沾啼痕，三叠唱离别
几条杨柳，沾来多少啼痕；
唱彻古今
三叠阳关，唱彻
唱彻古今离
古今离恨。
注：1. 《诗经》：
诗经》：
昔我往矣，
往矣，杨柳依依；
依依；今我来矣，雨雪霏霏。
雪霏霏。
2. 刘禹锡《
刘禹锡《竹枝词》
竹枝词》：
杨柳青青江水平
青青江水平，
江水平，闻郎江上踏
江上踏歌声。
东边日出西边
日出西边雨，道是无晴
道是无晴却有晴。
3. 王维《
王维《渭城曲》：
23
渭城朝雨浥轻尘，
浥轻尘，客舍青青柳
舍青青柳色新。
劝君更尽一杯酒，西出阳关
西出阳关无
阳关无故人。
60 弄柳拈花，
弄柳拈花，尽是销魂
是销魂之处
弄绿绮（qi）之琴，焉得文君之听；
濡彩豪之笔，难描京兆之眉；
瞻云望月，无非凄怆之声；
弄柳拈花，尽是销魂之处。
注：1. 绿绮，
绿绮，西汉司马相如的琴名
相如的琴名；
琴名；文君，
文君，卓文君；
卓文君；
2. 京兆，
京兆，汉代京兆尹张敞
京兆尹张敞。
张敞。
61 豆蔻不消心
豆蔻不消心上恨
不消心上恨
豆蔻不消心上恨；
丁香空结雨中愁。
注：1. 李伯玉《
伯玉《浣溪沙
浣溪沙》：青鸟不
青鸟不传云外信，丁香空结
丁香空结雨中愁
雨中愁。
2. 杜牧《
杜牧《赠别》：
娉娉（ping）
娉娉（袅袅（niao）
）袅袅（）十三余，
三余，豆蔻梢头
豆蔻梢头二月初。
春风十
春风十里扬州路
扬州路，卷上珠帘总不如
珠帘总不如。
不如。
62 截住巫山不放云
截住巫山不放云
填平湘岸都栽竹，截住巫山不放云。
白居易《江上送
注：白江上送客》：
江花已萎
江花已萎绝
已萎绝，江草已销歇
江草已销歇。
已销歇。
远客何处归
何处归？孤舟今日发
孤舟今日发。
今日发。
杜鹃声似
杜鹃声似哭，湘竹斑如
湘竹斑如血。
共是多感人，仍为此中
为此中别！
24
63 那忍重
那忍重看娃鬓绿
那忍重看娃鬓绿，
终期一遇客衫黄。
64 千古空
千古空闺之感，顿令薄
顿令薄幸惊魂
幽情化而石立，怨风结而冢青；
千古空闺之感，顿令薄幸惊魂。
幽情石立；
注：幽石立；怨风冢青。
冢青。
65 良缘易合
良缘易合，
易合，知己难
知己难投
良缘易合，红叶亦可为媒；
知己难投，白璧未能获主。
66 蝶憩香风
蝶憩香风，
香风，尚多芳梦
蝶憩香风，尚多芳梦；
鸟沾红雨，不任娇啼。
67 无端饮却相思水
相思水
无端饮却相思水，不信相思想煞人。
68 多情成
多情成恋，薄命何嗟
陌上繁华，两岸春风轻柳絮；
闺中寂寞，一窗夜雨瘦梨花。
25
芳草归迟，青驹别易；
多情成恋，薄命何嗟（jie）。
要亦人各有心，非关女德善怨。
红酥手，
注：红酥手，黄縢酒。满城春色宫墙
色宫墙柳。
东风恶
东风恶，欢情薄
欢情薄。一怀愁绪
一怀愁绪，
愁绪，几年离索。
离索。
错、错、错。
春如旧
春如旧，人空瘦。泪痕红浥（yi）
空瘦。泪痕红）鲛（jiao）
）绡（xiao）
）透。
桃花落，闲池阁。
池阁。山盟虽在，锦书难托。
锦书难托。
莫、莫、莫。
---陆游
陆游《
陆游《钗头凤》
69 清风好伴，明月古人
月古人
幽堂昼深，清风忽来好伴；
虚窗夜朗，明月不减故人。
注：1. 文人的雅
人的雅趣，在于内心的情
心的情感丰富，
丰富，情之所寄
之所寄，顿觉天
顿觉天地皆有情，万物
皆有意。
2. 花间一壶酒，独酌无相
独酌无相亲
无相亲。
举杯邀明月
举杯邀明月，
明月，对影成
对影成三人。
月既不解饮，影徒随我身。
我身。
暂伴月
暂伴月将影，
将影，行乐须及春
行乐须及春。
我歌月徘徊
歌月徘徊，
徘徊，我舞影零乱。
我舞影零乱。
醒时同交欢，
同交欢，醉后各分散。
永结无
永结无情游，相期邈云
期邈云汉。
---李
李白《月下独酌》
下独酌》
26
70 平生云水
平生云水心，春花秋月语
春花秋月语
初弹如珠后如缕，一声两声落花语；
诉尽平生云水心，尽是春花秋月语。
注：
春花秋
春花秋月何时了，往事知多少
事知多少。
多少。
小楼昨夜又东风
楼昨夜又东风，
夜又东风，故国不
故国不堪回首月明中
堪回首月明中。
月明中。
雕阑玉砌应犹
雕阑玉砌应犹在
应犹在，只是朱颜改。
颜改。
问君能有几
能有几多愁，恰是一江春水向
是一江春水向东流。
---李
李煜《虞美人》
71 封疆缩地
封疆缩地，中庭歌
中庭歌舞犹喧
料今天下皆妇人矣。
封疆缩地，而中庭之歌舞犹喧；
战血枯其人，而满座貂蝉自若。
我辈书生，既无诛乱讨贼之柄，而一片报国以忱，惟于寸楮（chu）尺字间见之，
使天下之须眉面妇人者，亦耸然有起色。
国破山
国破山河在，城春草木深
注：国破春草木深。
木深。
感时花溅泪
时花溅泪，
溅泪，恨别鸟惊
别鸟惊心。
烽火连三
烽火连三月，家书抵万金
书抵万金。
万金。
白头搔更短，浑欲不胜簪
不胜簪。
---杜甫
杜甫《
杜甫《春望》
72 士不晓
士不晓廉耻，
廉耻，衣冠狗彘
人不通古今，襟裾牛马；
士不晓廉耻，衣冠狗彘。
通古今，
通古今，晓廉耻。
注：通古今晓廉耻。
73 宁以风霜
宁以风霜自
风霜自挟，毋为鱼鸟亲人
鱼鸟亲人
苍蝇附骥，捷则捷矣，难辞处后之羞；
27
茑萝依松，高则高矣，未免仰扳之耻。
君子宁以风霜自挟，毋为为鱼鸟亲人。
所以君
动物依
动物依附，而人自立。
注：动物
74 仕夫贪财好
仕夫贪财好货
贪财好货，乃有爵之乞丐
平民种德施惠，是无位之公卿；
仕夫贪财好货，乃有爵之乞丐。
居庙堂之高，
注：居之高，则忧其民
忧其民；处江湖之远忧其君。---范仲淹
江湖之远，则忧其君。范仲淹
75 一失足为千古恨
一失足为千古恨
一失足为千古恨，再回头是百年人。
人非圣贤，
人非圣贤，孰能无过？
注：人非圣贤孰能无过？有过能改
有过能改，善莫大焉
莫大焉。
76 圣贤不白之衷，托之日月
圣贤不白之衷，托之日月；
天地不平之气，托之风雷。
注：1. 日月亘
日月亘古不变，
古不变，给人类带来光明。
2. 天地万古常新
万古常新，是人类
是人类生生不息
生生不息。
77 士大夫
士大夫爱钱，书香化为
香化为铜臭
亲兄弟折箸，璧合翻作瓜分；
士大夫爱钱，书香化为铜臭。
注：1. 折箸，
折箸，指兄弟不
指兄弟不合。
2. 打仗亲兄弟，
兄弟，上阵父子
阵父子兵。
3. 天下第一人
下第一人品
一人品，还是读书。
读书。
78 心为形役
心为形役，尘世马牛
28
心为形役，尘世马牛；
身被名牵，樊笼鸡鹜。
人通过七窍
注：人通过七窍（
七窍（两目，两耳，两鼻（孔），一口）
一口）及色，香，味，触，意等
来感受世
感受世界，而心定乾坤。
乾坤。
79 留有余智，提防不
提防不测
待人而留有余不尽之恩，可以维系无厌之人心；
御事而留有余不尽之智，可以提防不测之事变。
80 要担当，
担当，又要善
又要善摆脱
宇宙内事，要担当，又要善摆脱。
不担当，则无经世之事业
之事业；
不摆脱，则无出世之襟
无出世之襟期。
81 假认不得真，
不得真，巧藏不了拙
任他极有见识，看得假认不得真；
随你极有聪明，卖得巧藏不了拙。
故事里的事说是
注：故事里的事说是就
说是就是不是也是
是不是也是，
也是，故事里的事说不是
事里的事说不是就
说不是就不是是
不是是也不是。
也不是。
82 量情较雨，
较雨，弄月嘲风
种两顷附郭田，量情较雨；
寻几个知心友，弄月嘲风。
自得其乐。
注：自其乐。
83 放下仙佛
放下仙佛心
仙佛心，方名为得道
放得俗人心下，方可为丈夫；
放得丈夫心下，方可为仙佛；
放得仙佛心下，方名为得道。
注：世之人大丈夫仙佛得道。
世俗之人得道。
84 执拗者福轻
执拗者福轻，
者福轻，圆融者
圆融者禄厚
29
执拗者福轻，而圆融之人其禄必厚；
操切者寿夭，而宽厚之士其年必长。
故君子不言命，养性即所以立命；
亦不言天，尽人自可以回天。
85 达人撒
达人撒手悬崖
达人撒手悬崖，俗子沉身苦海。
无事不
无事不找事，有事不怕
注：无事有事不怕事。
86 身世浮
身世浮名余以梦蝶视之
蝶视之
身世浮名余以梦蝶视之，断不受肉眼相看。
虚幻也许真实
虚幻也许真实，
注：虚幻也许真实，而真实也许
真实也许虚幻
也许虚幻。
虚幻。
87 有百折不
百折不回之真心
士人有百折不回之真心，才有万变不穷之妙用。
只要功夫深，铁杵磨成
注：只铁杵磨成针。
88 立业建功，
业建功，实地着脚
实地着脚；
立业建功，事事要从实
若少慕声闻，便成伪果。
处处立基；
讲道修德，念念要从处处
处处
若稍计功效，便落尘情。
89 兢兢业业心思
兢兢业业心思，
心思，潇潇洒洒趣
潇潇洒洒趣味
30
学者有假兢业的心思；
又要有假洒脱的趣味。
注：1. 假，这里是凭借
里是凭借的
凭借的意思。
意思。
2. 学习要有兢兢业业的
兢兢业业的态度和严谨的
态度和严谨的作风，这样才能学
才能学有所成；
有所成；
又要有多方面的生活
的生活情趣，
情趣，如此不为无用学究
用学究。
90 无事提防
无事提防，
提防，有事镇定
无事如有事，时提防，可以弭意外之变；
有事如无事，时镇定，可以销局中之危。
91 穷通之境未
穷通之境未遭
之境未遭，主持之局已定
局已定
穷通之境未遭，主持之局已定；
老病之势未催，生死之关先破。
求之今人，谁堪语此？
定主持之
注：定主持之局，破生死之关。
92 人之处世，
人之处世，可怜如此
枝头秋叶，将落犹然恋树；
檐前野鸟，除死方得离笼。
人之处世，可怜如此。
舍得起，
注：舍得起，方得下。
93 刚强，
刚强，终不胜柔弱
终不胜柔弱
舌存，常见齿亡；刚强，终不胜柔弱；
户朽，未闻枢蠹；偏执，岂及乎圆融。
天下莫柔弱于
注：天柔弱于水，而攻坚强者，莫之能胜，
莫之能胜，以其无以易
无以易也。
弱之胜强之胜刚。---老子
之胜强，柔之胜刚老子
94 声应气求之夫，风行水上
风行水上之文
31
声应气求之夫，决不在于寻行数墨之士；

风行水上之文，决不在于一句一字之奇。
95 才智英敏
才智英敏者
英敏者，宜以学问摄
学问摄其躁
才智英敏者，宜以学问摄其躁；
气节激昂者，当以德性融其偏。
96 居轩冕之
居轩冕之中，有山林气
山林气味
居轩冕之中，要有山林的气味；
处林泉之下，常怀廊庙的经纶。
97 少言语
少言语以当贵
以当贵，多著述以当
著述以当富
以当富
少言语以当贵，
多著述以当富，
载清名以当车，
咀英华以当肉。
注：1. 病从口入平安，慎言慎食。---善用
从口入，祸因口直，为保平安，善用嘴巴
善用嘴巴；
嘴巴；
2.雁
雁过留声
过留声，人过留名
人过留名。
3.安莫
安莫安
安莫安于知足，
知足，危莫危于多言，贵莫贵于无求。
98 要做男子
要做男子，须负刚肠
要做男子，须负刚肠；
欲学古人，当坚苦志。
注：1. 宁为玉碎，
玉碎，不为瓦全。
2. 大丈夫当雄安能雌伏？---赵温
夫当雄飞，安能雌赵温
3. 故天将降大任于斯人也，
斯人也，必先苦其心志，劳其筋骨，
筋骨，饿其体肤，
体肤，空乏其身，
其身，
行拂乱其所
乱其所为，所以动心
所以动心忍性
动心忍性，所不能。---孟子
忍性，曾益其所不能
益其所不能。孟子
4. 公一室萧然也，图书盈几竞日静坐
日静坐，泊如也。
如也。又以圆
又以圆木为警枕，少睡则枕转
则枕转
读书。---司
而觉，乃起读书。司马光的“苦
苦志”
32
99 柔玉温香
柔玉温香，
温香，可成白骨
荷钱榆荚，飞来都作青蚨；
柔玉温香，观想可成白骨。
荷钱，
荷钱，初生荷叶；青蚨，钱的别名。
注：荷钱别名。
100 空烦恼场，
烦恼场，绝营求念
营求念
烦恼场空，身往清凉世界。
营求念绝，心归自在乾坤。
安禅何必需山水，
注：安山水，灭却心头火
心头火亦凉。
101 闲随老衲清潭，戏与骚
戏与骚人白战
斜阳树下，闲随老衲清潭；
深雪堂中，戏与骚人白战。
注：1. 老衲，指老和尚。
2. 白战，指禁体诗，即赋诗
即赋诗时禁用体物语。
物语。
102 宁为真
宁为真士夫，不为假
不为假道学
宁为真士夫，不为假道学；
宁为兰摧玉折，不作萧敷艾荣。
103 觑破兴衰究竟
兴衰究竟，
究竟，人我得失冰
我得失冰消
觑（qu）破兴衰究竟，任我得失冰消；
阅尽寂寞繁华，豪杰心肠灰冷。
104 名山乏侣，
山乏侣，不解壁上芒
不解壁上芒鞋
壁上芒鞋
名山乏侣，不解壁上芒鞋；
好景无诗，虚怀囊中锦字。
寻知己，吟好诗，岂不快哉！
注：寻快哉！
105 无技最苦，
技最苦，多技最劳
33
是技皆可成名天下，惟无技之人最苦；
片技即足自立天下，惟多技之人最老。
注：1. 荒年饿不死手艺人；
2. 能者多
能者多劳。
106 才士不
才士不妨泛驾，
妨泛驾，诤臣岂合
诤臣岂合模棱
岂合模棱
着履登山，翠微中独逢老衲；
乘桴浮海，雪浪里群傍闲鸥。
才士不妨泛驾，辕下驹吾弗愿也；
诤臣岂合模棱，殿上虎君无尤焉。
行千里路，
注：行里路，读万卷书。
卷书。
107 宁为薄幸
宁为薄幸狂夫，
狂夫，不作厚颜君子
吟诗劣于讲书，骂座恶于足恭。
两而揆（kui）之，
宁为薄幸狂夫，不作红颜君子。
108 魑魅满
魑魅满前，笑著阮家
笑著阮家无
阮家无鬼论
魑魅（chimei）满前，笑著阮（ruan）家无鬼论；
炎嚣阅世，愁披刘氏北风图。
气夺山川，色结烟霞。
注：1. 魑魅，
魑魅，传说中鬼
说中鬼的名字。
2. 阮家，指晋代人阮瞻，
阮瞻，曾提出
曾提出无鬼论。
3. 刘氏，指汉代刘褒
代刘褒，曾画《北风图》。
北风图》。
109 至音不合众听，至宝不同众好
同众好
至音不合众听，故伯牙绝弦（xian）。
至宝不同众好，故卞（bian）和泣玉。
34
注：1. 伯牙绝弦，卞和泣玉。
2. 曲高和寡，知音难觅。
3. 比音乐
比音乐更珍贵的是
贵的是知音，比和氏璧更珍贵的是理
贵的是理解与信任。
110 世人白
世人白昼寐语
世人白昼寐语，
苟能寐中作白昼语，可谓常惺惺矣。
111 拨开世上尘
拨开世上尘氛
上尘氛
拨开世上尘氛，胸中自无火炎冰兢兢（jing）；
消却心中鄙吝，眼前时有月到风来。
若无闲事挂
注：若无闲事挂心头，
心头，便是人间好
是人间好时
间好时节。
112 才子安心草舍
才子安心草舍，
草舍，佳人适意
佳人适意蓬门
适意蓬门
才子安心草舍者，足登玉堂；
佳人适意蓬门者，堪贮（zhu）金屋。
113 喜传语者，不可与语
不可与语
喜传语者，不可与语；
好议事者，不可图事。
114 不留昨日之非，
之非，不执今日之是
昨日之非不可留，留之则根烬（jin）复萌，而尘情终累乎理趣。
今日之是不可执，执之则渣滓未化，而理趣反转为欲根。
注：1. 识迷途之未今是而昨非。---陶渊
途之未远，觉今是而陶渊明
陶渊明
2. 舍不得夕
不得夕阳，就会失去满天繁星。
3. 过去事，丢掉一
丢掉一节是一节
是一节；
35
现在事，
在事，了去一
了去一节是一节；
未来事，是一节。 ---佛
来事，省去一节是一节佛家
115 玄奇之
玄奇之疾，医以平易
玄奇之疾，医以平易；
英发之疾，医以深沉；
阔大之疾，医以充实。
注：1. 人非圣贤，
人非圣贤，孰能无过？
孰能无过？
2. 知错能改，善莫大焉
莫大焉。
116 人常想
人常想病时，
病时，则尘心便减
人常想病时，则尘心便减；
人常想死时，则道念自生。
117 恩爱吾之
恩爱吾之仇
吾之仇也
恩爱吾之仇也；
富贵身之累也。
118 人生善读
人生善读书，享世间清福
人生有书可读，有睱得读，有资能读，又涵养之如不识字人，
是谓善读书也。享世间清福，未有过于此也。
注：1. 古今世家无非积德
古今世家无非积德，
无非积德，天下第一人
下第一人品还
一人品还是
品还是读书。
读书。
2. 为善最
为善最乐，读书最
读书最佳。
3. 能有时间
能有时间，金钱读书，
读书，又尽信书，博览群书
博览群书却仍怀平常心，
平常心，才是真
才是真正的读书
乐趣。
乐趣。
119 古人不掩
人不掩瑕瑜，
瑕瑜，今人难知真
难知真伪
古之人，如陈玉石于市肆，瑕瑜不掩；
今之人，如货古玩于时贾，真伪难辨。
36
人心不古。
人心不古。
注：人心不古
120 以忍制己情，
己情，以恕制人情
己情不可纵，当用逆之法制之，其道在一忍字；
人情不可拂，当用顺之法制之，其道在一恕字。
忍己之私欲，顺人之常情
注：忍人之常情。
121 随遇而安，
而安，何不清闲
何不清闲
人言天不禁人富贵，而禁人清闲，人自不闲耳。
随遇而安，不图将
若能随不图将来，不追既
不追既往，不蔽目前，何不清闲之有？
目前
122 浮云有常情，
云有常情，流水多浓旨
多浓旨
观世态之极幻，则浮云转有常情；
咀世味之昏空，则流水翻多浓旨。
变是常情
变是常情，空是真旨
注：变是常是真旨。
123 贫士肯济人
肯济人，闹场能笃学
贫士肯济人，才是性天中惠泽；
闹场能笃学，方为心地上功夫。
124 了心自了事，
了心自了事，逃世应逃名
了心自了事，犹根拔而草不生；
逃世不逃名，似膻（shan）存而蚋（rui）还集。
根拔不生
根拔不生，
注：根拔不生，膻存蚋集。
蚋集。
125 风流得意，鬼胜顽
鬼胜顽仙
风流得意，则才鬼独胜顽仙；
孽债为烦，则芳魂毒于虐祟。
126 不因人言而悟
人言而悟，不因外境而得
事理因人言而悟者，有悟还有迷，总不如自悟之了了；
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意兴从外境而得者，有得还有失，总不如自得之休休。
指点迷津固然很好
注：1.指迷津固然很好，但需要很好消化；
消化；
2.“如人饮水
如人饮水，暖自知。”亲自
如人饮水，冷暖自知亲自尝试
亲自尝试，
尝试，方能悟道；
3.美
美好的景象能
景象能让人快乐，但那稍纵即逝
稍纵即逝，只有人心
有人心自得，方可永
方可永世快乐。
127 简淡出豪杰，
豪杰，忠孝成
忠孝成神仙
豪杰向简淡中求；
神仙从忠孝上起。
128 浇花种树，
种树，道人魔障
道人魔障
招客留宾，为欢可喜，未断尘世之扳援；
浇花种树，嗜好虽清，亦是道人之魔障。
129 天下之灵
天下之灵，千古如
千古如新
天下有一言之微，而千古如新；
一字之义，而百世如见者，安可泯灭之？
故
风，雷，雨，露，天之灵
天之灵；
山，川，民，物，地之灵；
语，言，文，字，人之灵
人之灵。
此三才之用，无非一灵以神其间，而又何可泯灭之？
立天之道是阴
立天之道是阴与阳，
注：立天之道是
立地之道是柔与刚
之道是柔与刚，
柔与刚，
立人之道是仁
立人之道是仁与义。
130 人生三
人生三乐
闭门阅佛书，
开门接佳客，
出门寻山水，
此人生三乐。
131 眼里无点
眼里无点尘
无点尘埃，方可读书千卷
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眼里无点尘埃，方可读书千卷；
胸中没些渣滓，才能处世一番。
132 不作风波
作风波于世上
于世上
不作风波于世上，自无冰炭到胸中。
133 无事不乐
无事不乐而忧，是一座
是一座活地狱
活地狱
无事而忧，对景不乐，即自家亦不知是何缘故，
这便是一座活地狱，更说什么铜床铁柱，剑树刀山也。
134 必出世者，
世者，方能入世
必出世者，方能入世，不则世缘易堕；
必入世者，方能出世，不则空趣难持。
人入世，而心出世。
注：人心出世。
135 人有一字
人有一字不识，
不识，而多诗意
而多诗意
人有一字不识，而多诗意；
一偈（jie）不惨，而多禅意；
一勺不濡，而多酒意；
一石不晓，而多画意。
淡宕（dang）故也。
136 眉上几分愁，且去观棋酌酒
且去观棋酌酒
眉上几分愁，且去观棋酌酒；
心中多少乐，只来种竹浇花。
137 得心上
得心上之本来，方可言了心
完得心上之本来，方可言了心；
尽得世间之常道，才堪论出世。
心静才能止
心静才能止水，得道方可
注：心静才能得道方可出世
方可出世。
出世。
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138 调性之法
性之法
调性之法，急则佩韦，缓则佩弦。
谱情之法，水则从舟，陆则从车。
调节性情应
注：调节性情应注
情应注意：
1. 轻当矫以重，浮当矫以实，
以实，傲当矫以谦，肆当矫以俭，躁急当
躁急当矫以和缓，刚
暴当矫以温柔（
温柔（急佩韦
急佩韦，缓佩弦
缓佩弦）；
2. 适时适事，当断则
当断则断，当缓则缓（水从舟
水从舟，陆从车
陆从车）。
139 好茶涤烦
茶涤烦，好酒消忧
好酒消忧
好香用以熏德；
好纸用以垂世；
好笔用以生花；
好墨用以焕彩；
好茶用以涤烦；
好酒用以消忧。
物尽其用，
注：物其用，人尽其才。
140 破除烦恼木
烦恼木鱼声，
鱼声，见澈性灵优钵影
灵优钵影
破除烦恼，二更山寺木鱼声；
见澈性灵，一点云堂优钵影。
注：1. 优钵影
优钵影，指青莲
指青莲花，喻清净智慧；
2. 心平才能气
心平才能气和（除烦），
除烦），宁
），宁静方可致远
方可致远（澈性）。
澈性）。
141 太闲生恶业
生恶业，太清类俗情
类俗情
人生莫如闲，太闲反生恶业；
人生莫如清，太清反类俗情。
窗前明月，
注：窗前明月，清风徐来，身心俱闲；
塘中荷花，岸边杨柳
边杨柳，万物皆
万物皆清。
142 灵丹一
灵丹一粒，点化俗情
胸中有灵丹一粒，
方能点化俗情，摆脱世故。
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143 妖冶成
妖冶成泉下骷髅
泉下骷髅，
骷髅，功名是梦中
名是梦中蝴蝶
无端妖冶，终成泉下骷髅；
有分功名，自是梦中蝴蝶。
妖冶，
妖冶，指美色
注：1.妖冶指美色，该文指
该文指出：
艳丽佳
艳丽佳人终有迟暮一天
迟暮一天；
一天；
累世功名毕竟
功名毕竟虚幻
毕竟虚幻一
虚幻一场。
2.庄
庄生晓梦迷蝴蝶，托杜鹃。---李
梦迷蝴蝶，望帝春心托杜鹃
春心托杜鹃。李商隐之
商隐之《锦瑟》
144 独坐禅房，
独坐禅房，意揖达
意揖达摩
独坐禅房，潇然无事，烹茶一壶，烧香一柱，看达摩面壁图。
垂廉少顷，不觉心静神清，气柔息定。蒙蒙然如混沌境界，
意者揖（yi）达摩与之乘槎（cha）而见麻姑也。
注：1.槎指木筏
槎，指木筏。
2.达摩
达摩，
达摩，禅宗始
禅宗始祖；麻姑，
麻姑，撒米成珠。
3.静
静坐参禅，
坐参禅，佛家之功
家之功夫；
闭门思过，凡夫之应
夫之应做。
145 以正敛放
正敛放，以趣通板
趣通板
才人之行多放，当以正敛之；
正人之行多板，当以趣通之。
所言，香熏德；纸垂世；笔生花；
如 139 所言，
注：如生花；墨焕彩；茶涤烦；
涤烦；酒
消忧；这里更进
里更进一步，
一步，
正直敛才人
直敛才人，
才人，趣味通正人。
146 疑善信
疑善信恶，满腔杀机
闻人善，则疑之；
闻人恶，则信之。
此满腔杀机也。
以人为
以人为可爱，
注：以人可爱，而我亦可爱
我亦可爱矣
可爱矣；
41
一人为我亦可恶矣。---郑
一人为可恶，而我亦可郑板桥
147 能脱俗便
能脱俗便是
俗便是奇，不合污便是清
污便是清
能脱俗便是奇，不合污便是清。
处巧若拙，处明若晦，处动若静。
注：出淤泥而不染，濯青莲而不妖。---周敦颐
出淤泥而周敦颐之
周敦颐之《爱莲说
爱莲说》
148 君子尽
君子尽心利济
心利济，即此便是立命
是立命
士君子尽心利济，使海内少他不得，
则天亦自然少他不得，即此便是立命。
149 读史耐讹字，
读史耐讹字，闲居耐俗汉
闲居耐俗汉
读史要耐讹字，
正如登山耐仄（ze）路，踏雪耐危桥，闲居耐俗汉，看花耐恶酒，
此方得力。
150 声色娱情
色娱情，何若净几
何若净几明
净几明窗
声色娱情，何若净几明窗，一生息顷；
利荣驰念，何若名山胜景，一登临时。
151 心上无事好快活，
无事好快活，何必情欲乃
何必情欲乃为乐
若能行乐，即今便好快活。
身上无病，心上无事，春鸟是笙歌，春花是粉黛。
闲得一刻，即为一刻之乐，何必情欲，乃为乐耶。
152 兴来醉倒落花
醉倒落花前，机息忘怀
机息忘怀磐石
忘怀磐石上
磐石上
兴来醉倒落花前，天地即为衾（qin）枕；
机息忘怀磐石上，古今尽属蜉蝣。
42
153 烦恼之
烦恼之场，何种不有
烦恼之场，何种不有，以法眼照之，奚啻（chi）蝎（xie）蹈空花。
注：佛家五眼：肉眼，
肉眼，天眼，慧眼，
慧眼，法眼，
法眼，佛眼。
154 休便休去，
休便休去，了时无了
如今休去便休去，若觅了时了无时。
该休去的时候休
注：该的时候休去
候休去，欲望是没有终点的。
155 意亦甚适，
甚适，梦亦同
梦亦同趣
上高山，入深林，穷回溪幽泉怪石，无远不到。
到即拂草而坐，倾壶而醉；
醉则更相枕藉（jie）以卧。
意亦甚适，梦亦同趣。
该行千里路，
注：该里路，读万卷书。
卷书。
156 业净成慧眼
成慧眼，无物到茅庵
业净六根成慧眼，身无一物到茅庵。
佛家六根指
注：1.佛视根眼，听根耳，嗅根
六根指：视根嗅根鼻，味根舌，触根身，
虑根意。
虑根
2.在
在 153 中已说，佛家五眼指肉眼，
肉眼，天眼，慧眼，
慧眼，法眼，
法眼，以及佛眼
及佛眼。
3.该文
该文指
该文指出：六根清
六根清净即成
净即成慧眼。
慧眼。
157 犬吠鸡鸣，
犬吠鸡鸣，恍似云
恍似云中世界
茅帘外，忽闻犬吠鸡鸣，恍似云中世界；
竹窗下，惟有蝉吟鹊噪，方知静里乾坤。
意（犬吠鸡
注：意犬吠鸡鸣）到心（云中世界
云中世界）随，
境（蝉吟鹊噪）
蝉吟鹊噪）随人意
随人意（静里乾坤
静里乾坤）。
乾坤）。
158 异士未必在山
未必在山泽
43
山泽未必有异士，
异士未必在山泽。
159 可爱之人可怜
可爱之人可怜，可恶之人可惜
可恶之人可惜
天下可爱的人，都是可怜人；
天下可恶的人，都是可惜人。
可爱而
可爱而可怜，
注：可爱可怜，可恶而可惜。
可惜。
160 事有急
事有急之不白
之不白者
事有急指不白者，
宽之或自明，毋躁急以速其忿；
人有操之不从者，
纵之或自化，毋操切以益其顽。
注：1.欲
欲擒故纵，欲急故缓，欲强先弱，欲弱先强。
2.欲
欲速则不达。
161 比上不足，
不足，比下有余
下有余
人只把不如我者较量，则自知足。
要足何时足，
注：要时足，知足便足。
162 俭为贤德，
为贤德，贫是美称
俭是贤德，不可着意求贤；
贫是美称，只在难居其美。
节俭朴
节俭朴素，安贫乐
注：节俭安贫乐道。
163 唤醒梦中之梦，
之梦，窥见身外
见身外之身
听静夜之钟声，唤醒梦中之梦；
观澄潭之月影，窥见身外之身。
164 打透生死关
打透生死观，生来也罢，死来也罢；
44
参破名利场，得了也好，失了也好。
165 一笔写出
笔写出，便是作手
作诗能把眼前光景，胸中情趣，一笔写出，便是作手，不必说唐说宋。
客观之诗人，不可不多阅世；阅世愈深，则材料愈丰富
注：客材料愈丰富，
丰富，愈变化，《水
，《水浒
传》，《红楼
》，《红楼梦
红楼梦》之作者是也；
者是也；
主观之
主观之诗人，不必多
不必多阅世；阅世愈浅，
愈浅，则性情愈真，李后主是也。---王国维
李后主是也。王国维
166 隐逸林中
隐逸林中无
林中无荣辱
隐逸林中无荣辱，道义路上无炎凉。
167 皮囊速坏，
皮囊速坏，神识常存
神识常存
皮囊速坏，神识常存，杀万命以养皮囊，罪卒归于神识；
佛性无边，经书有限，穷万卷以求佛性，得不属于经书。
168 闻谤勿怒
谤勿怒，见誉勿喜
见誉勿喜
闻谤而怒者，谗之隙；
见誉而喜者，佞（ning）之媒。
169 人胜我无害
我无害，我胜人非福
人胜我无害，彼无蓄怨之心；
我胜人非福，恐有不测之渊。
注：步步占
步步占先者，必有人以挤
必有人以挤之；事事争
事事争胜者，彼有人以挫
有人以挫之。
170 闭门是深
闭门是深山
是深山，读书有净土
书有净土
闭门即是深山，读书随处净土。
注：士大夫三
大夫三日不读书
日不读书，
读书，自觉语言无味
语言无味，对镜亦面目可憎。---（
亦面目可憎。（北宋）黄庭
坚
45
171 欲见圣
欲见圣人气象，必须胸中洁净
欲见圣人气象，须于自己胸中洁净时观之。
172 成名每在穷苦日
成名每在穷苦日，败事多因得志时。
173 让利精于取利
让利精于取利，逃名巧于邀名。
174 求福速祸，安然得福
过分求福，适以速祸；
安分速祸，将自得福。
注：祸到休愁，要学会救
要学会救；
会救；福来休喜
福来休喜，
休喜，要学会
要学会受。
175 看书不可拘泥
看书不可拘泥旧说
拘泥旧说
理路通彻，
看书只要理
不可拘泥旧说，
更不可附会新说。
注：读书贵能疑
读书贵能疑，
贵能疑，疑乃可以
乃可以启信。读书在有
读书在有渐
在有渐，渐乃克底有成
乃克底有成。
有成。
176 但识琴中趣，
中趣，何劳弦上音
对棋不若观棋，观棋不若弹琴，弹琴不若听琴。
但识琴中趋，何劳弦上
古云：但劳弦上音。斯言信然。
注：当局者迷，旁观者
旁观者清。
177 出一言解之，
一言解之，是无量功
是无量功德
量功德
士君子贫不能济物者，
遇人痴迷处，出一言提醒之；
遇人急难处，出一言解救之，
亦是无量功德。
注：留下良田万亩，不如薄
不如薄技在身。
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178 伶人代古人，似今人为
似今人为文
人为文
伶人代古人语，代古人笑，代古人愤，
今文人为文似之。
伶人登台肖古人，下台还伶人，
今文人为文又似之。
假令古人见今文人，当何如愤，何如笑，何如语。
模仿揣摩还历史以真相
注：模仿历史以真相。
以真相。
179 闲有余日，
余日，正可学问
夜者日之余，
雨者月之余，
冬者岁之余。
当此三余，人事稍疏，正可一意学问。
注：遥想
孙敬之“悬梁
西汉孙敬之悬梁，战国苏秦之“刺
悬梁”，刺骨”；
；
匡衡之“凿
西汉匡衡之凿壁偷光”；
；
晋朝车胤之“囊萤
囊萤映雪”，
囊萤映，
吾何以堪？
180 简傲不可
简傲不可谓
不可谓高，阿谀不可
阿谀不可谓
不可谓谦
简傲不可谓高，
谄谀不可谓谦，
刻薄不可谓严明，
苟酷不可谓宽大。
注：真正的高明不再
高明不再傲视他
傲视他人而在平等待人；
待人；
真正的谦虚不在花言巧语而
不在花言巧语而在自我反
自我反省；
真正的严明不在
明不在刻薄自私而在明察
在明察是非，
是非，公正无
公正无私；
真正的宽大不再
的宽大不再曲意媚俗而在
俗而在与人为善。
为善。
181 丹青乃
丹青乃无言之诗
无言之诗，诗句乃
诗句乃有言之画
画家之妙，皆在运笔之先；
运思之际，一经点染，便减神机。
长于笔者，文章即如言语；
长于舌者，言语即成文章。
47
昔人谓丹青乃无言之诗，诗句乃有言之画；
余则欲丹青似诗，诗句无言，方许各臻妙境。
代王维之“诗
注：唐代王维之诗中有画中有诗”。
中有画，画中有诗。
182 云霞为伴侣
云霞为伴侣，
伴侣，青松为心知
青松为心知
累月独处，一室萧条，取云霞为伴侣，引青松为心知；
或稚子老翁，闲中来过，浊酒一壶，蹲鸱（chi）一盂，
相共开笑口，所谈浮云闲话，觉不及市朝
客去关门，了无报谢。如是毕生足矣。
陶渊明之“ 归去来兮”。
注：晋代陶渊明来兮。
183 耳目宽则天地窄
宽则天地窄
耳目宽则天地窄，争务短则日月长。
注：闭眼，
闭眼，看心中无限
心中无限之世界
之世界；掩耳，听自然
听自然无限之生机
之生机。
184 从江干溪畔箕踞
从江干溪畔箕踞，
石上听水声，浩浩潺潺（chan），粼粼（lin）冷冷，恰似一部天然之乐（le）
韵。
疑有湘灵，在水中鼓瑟也。
注：大自然是最美的赞歌。
185 有书癖
有书癖而无剪裁
而无剪裁，
剪裁，徒号书
徒号书橱
有书癖而五剪裁，徒号书橱；
惟名饮而少蕴藉(jie)，终非名饮。
读书善读书
注： 1. 好读书读书善用书
善用书；
读书乐读书；
2. 好读书读书；
3. 读有字之书（经验）读无字之书（智慧）；
4. 好喝酒醉翁之意不在酒，
不在酒，而在山水之间
山水之间也。
48
186 鸟啼花落
鸟啼花落，有会于心
鸟啼花落，欣然有会于心，
遣小奴，挈（qie）瘿樽，酤白酒，饮一梨花瓷盏，
急取诗卷，快读一过以咽之，
萧然不知其在尘埃间也。
187 山之胜，妙于天成
于天成
自古及今山之胜，
多妙于天成，每坏于人造。
注：清芙蓉，天然去雕饰。---李
清水出芙蓉
水出芙蓉，李白
188 清闲无事，
无事，坐卧随心
坐卧随心
清闲无事，坐卧随心，虽粗衣淡饭，但觉一尘不淡；
忧患缠身，繁扰奔忙，虽锦衣厚味，只觉万状苦愁。
安祥何须山水
注：安何须山水，
山水，减去心火亦凉。
189 舞蝶游蜂
舞蝶游蜂，
游蜂，落花飞絮
舞蝶游蜂，忙中之闲，闲中之忙；
落花飞絮，景中之情，情中之景。
动中有静，静中有动动静一体
动中有静，静中有动
注：动中有静动静一体；
景中之情中之景情景交融。
中之情，情中之景
190 鸟栖高枝，士隐岩穴
鸟栖（qi）高枝，弹射难加；
鱼潜深渊，网钓不及；
士隐岩穴，祸患焉至？
陶渊明之
陶渊明之“采菊
注：陶渊采菊东篱下，悠然见南山”，
明之采菊东南山，
“不知有
不知有汉，无论魏晋”。
不知有汉。
191 混迹尘中，
尘中，高视物外
49
混迹尘中，高视物外；
陶情杯酒，寄心篇咏；
藏名一时，尚友千古。
立混沌之世
注：立混沌之世界
之世界，透物质之背面；
饮甘露之美酒，咏无尽之诗篇；
藏一时之名
一时之名气，访千古之知音
古之知音。
192 五夜鸡鸣
五夜鸡鸣，唤起窗前明月；
一觉睡醒，看破梦里当年。
人生天地而已。---庄
人生天地之间，若白驹过隙，忽然而已。
注：人生天庄子
193 取凉于扇
凉于扇
取凉于扇，不若清风之徐来；
汲水于井，不若甘雨之时降。
随天所欲
随天所欲。
注：随天所
194 月榭凭栏
月榭凭栏，飞凌飘渺；
云房启户，坐看氤氲（yin，yun）。
参考资料：中华传世名著经典丛书《小窗幽记》（明）陈继儒著，远方出版社。
50

小窗幽记 陈眉公 著 张祖锦 注 http://www.sciencenet.cn/u/zjzhang/

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52 缩不尽 相思地，补不完 离恨天·······································································22

94 声应气求 之夫，风行水上 之文·······································································31

100 空 烦恼场，绝 营求念 ····················································································33

101 闲随老衲清潭，戏与骚人白战 ········································································33

102 宁为真士夫，不为假道学 ················································································33

103 觑破兴衰究竟，人我得失冰消 ········································································33

104 名山乏侣，不解壁上芒鞋 ················································································33

105 无技最苦，多技最劳 ························································································33

106 才士不妨泛驾，诤臣岂合模棱 ········································································34

107 宁为薄幸狂夫，不作厚颜君子 ········································································34

108 魑魅满前，笑著阮家无鬼论 ············································································34

109 至音不合众听，至宝不同众好 ········································································34

110 世人白昼寐语 ····································································································35

111 拨开世上尘氛 ····································································································35

112 才子安心草舍，佳人适意蓬门 ········································································35

113 喜传语者，不可与语 ························································································35

114 不留昨日之非，不执今日之是 ········································································35

115 玄奇之疾，医以平易 ························································································36

116 人常想 病时，则尘心便减 ··············································································36

117 恩爱吾之仇也 ····································································································36

118 人生善读书，享世间清福 ················································································36

119 古人不掩瑕瑜，今人难知真伪 ········································································36

120 以 忍 制己情，以 恕 制人情 ········································································37

121 随遇而安，何不清闲 ························································································37

122 浮云有常情，流水多浓旨 ················································································37

123 贫士肯济人，闹场能笃学 ················································································37

124 了心自了事，逃世应逃名 ················································································37

125 风流得意，鬼胜顽仙 ························································································37

126 不因人言而悟，不因外境而得 ········································································37

127 简淡出豪杰，忠孝成神仙 ················································································38

128 浇花种树，道人魔障 ························································································38

129 天下之灵，千古如新 ························································································38

130 人生三乐 ············································································································38

131 眼里无点尘埃，方可读书千卷 ········································································38

132 不作风波于世上 ································································································39

133 无事不乐而忧，是一座活地狱 ········································································39

134 必出世者，方能入世 ························································································39

135 人有一字不识，而多诗意 ················································································39

136 眉上几分愁，且去观棋酌酒 ············································································39

137 得心上之本来，方可言了心 ············································································39

138 调性之法 ············································································································40

139 好茶涤烦，好酒消忧 ························································································40

140 破除烦恼木鱼声，见澈性灵优钵影 ································································40

141 太闲生恶业，太清类俗情 ················································································40

142 灵丹一粒，点化俗情 ························································································40

143 妖冶成泉下骷髅，功名是梦中蝴蝶 ································································41

144 独坐禅房，意揖达摩 ························································································41

145 以正敛放，以趣通板 ························································································41

146 疑善信恶，满腔杀机 ························································································41

147 能脱俗便是奇，不合污便是清 ········································································42

148 君子尽心利济，即此便是立命 ········································································42

149 读史耐讹字，闲居耐俗汉 ················································································42

150 声色娱情，何若净几明窗 ················································································42

151 心上无事好快活，何必情欲乃为乐 ································································42

152 兴来醉倒落花前，机息忘怀磐石上 ································································42

153 烦恼之场，何种不有 ························································································43

154 休便休去，了时无了 ························································································43

小窗幽记陈眉公著张祖锦注 http://www.sciencenet.cn/u/zjzhang/

小窗幽记陈眉公著张祖锦注 http://www.sciencenet.cn/u/zjzhang/

小窗幽记陈眉公著张祖锦注 http://www.sciencenet.cn/u/zjzhang/

小窗幽记陈眉公著张祖锦注 http://www.sciencenet.

52 缩不尽相思地，补不完离恨天·······································································22

94 声应气求之夫，风行水上之文·······································································31

100 空烦恼场，绝营求念 ····················································································33

116 人常想病时，则尘心便减 ··············································································36

120 以忍制己情，以恕制人情 ········································································37

费长房缩不尽相思地；

女娲氏补不完离恨天。

声应气求之夫，决不在于寻行数墨之士；