2022-2023

Anthropometric Measurements:
1- Weight .

2. Length . - Height

3. Head circumference.

4. Chest circumference .

5- Abdominal circumference
Infancy and Early Childhood

✓—
Weight younger infants nude or in a clean
✓diaper on a calibrated beam or electronic scale.
✓—
Weigh older infants in a clean, disposable diaper.
✓Position the infant in the center of the scale tray.
✓—Record the weight as soon as it is completed.
1-weight
At birth, weight 2.700 to 4.200kg
Weight progression (1-12 month)
• First 4 month = 750 gm /month
• 2nd 4 months = 500 gm /month
• 3rd 4 months = 250 gm/month
Progression in days : gain 20-25 gm. daily
Progression in years: Weight (kg/years) = (age(year) ×2+8).
• Thus an average 2-year-old will weigh: (2 ×2+8) = 12kg
Calculate BMI

❑—The metric formula to calculate BMI is

❑weight ÷ (height x height)
❑—Measure the child's weight in kilograms (not grams).
❑—Measure the child's height in centimeters (not meters).
❑—Calculate the BMI by dividing the weight by the height squared and
multiplying that total by .
2- Length
• The infant until 2 years of age the
• length in supine position.
• Normal range of the length of normal new born
• (48-52 cm) average= 50 cm.
• How to calculate normal length of infant (below 2 years ).
• 1st 6 Mon. Increase 2.5 cm /Month.
• 2nd 6 Mon increase 1.5 cm /Month .
Procedure
 Height
• Formula for calculating expected height
• (Age in year X 5) + 80.

• Preparation:
• *Told child and his parent to remove shoes, stock , any hairpiece .
• • Equipment: *Pen. *tape measure. *Hard board.
 Head Circumference

• Normal measurement: 33 to 35 cm (13 to14 inches).

• In some cases of normal deliver head circumference (HC) reduce
immediately after birth but it will be return to normal size after two to
three days.
Head Circumference

• • Normal new born H-C is 33 : 35 cm

• H.C (Birth – 6 months): Monthly gain—1.5 cm
• *H.C (6-12 month): Monthly gain—0. 5 cm

• Preparation :-
• • Remove any hat or hairpiece.
• • Equipment: *Measuring tape.
Put metal part of measuring tape in the middle of forehead just above eye
brows –around over the ear – around the occipital prominence at the back
of the skull
 Abnormal Findings

• —HC less than 32 cm is indicative of Microcephaly

• —HC is 37cm and grater than CC is indicative of neurologic involvement
such as Hydrocephalus.

Abnormal
Measure Head Circumference
• We should note the following changes in the head circumference:
✓Head circumference may be somewhat less than that immediately
after birth because of the molding process that occurs during vaginal
delivery.
✓HC more than CC at birth about 2 cm during the first 1 year
✓HC equal to CC from 1-2 years after birth
✓CC more than HC after 2 year of age
4- Chest circumference:
• Normal new born chest circumference is (30.5 to 33 cm ) —(12 to 13
inches)
• —Usually 2 cm less than HC.
• —The CC is measured at the level of the nipple using a tape measure.
• ● Equipment:
• 1-Measuring tape. 2-Cotton sponge with Alcohol.
Place the measuring tape in the middle point across the nipple line and
posterior across the scapula
Abnormal Findings

• —The CC less than 30 cm indicates prematurity.

• —An enlarged heart may make the left side of the chest larger
 Mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC).

• The measurement around the middle of a child’s upper arm is an important

indicator of acute malnutrition in a child.
• The MUAC strip is a flexible measuring tape that measures in millimetres
(mm).
• MUAC can only be used for children 6 months–59 months.
 Abdominal Circumference

• —Abdominal Circumference (AC) is approximately the same as chest

• circumference.
• —It is measured just above the level of the umbilicus.
• Measuring the abdominal circumference below the umbilical region is also
unsuitable because bladder status may affect the reading.
• Abnormal Findings
•—AC is not routinely measured unless there is a suspicion of abdominal
distention due to obstruction in the gastrointestinal tract.