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Test1 Review
Test1 Review
Test1 Review
Modified True/False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false. If false, change the identified word or phrase to make
the statement true.
____ 2. Quantum mechanics involves using probabilities to determine the shape of an atom.____________
____ 4. All of the valence electrons in Fe2+ must have the same spin. _________________________
____ 5. VSEPR theory predicts molecular shapes based on keeping protons as far apart as possible. _______
____ 6. A molecule whose central atom is surrounded by two lone pairs and four atoms will have a square
planar shape. _________________________
____ 8. Hydrogen bonding may explain why ice is less dense than liquid water. ____________________
____ 9. An ionic compound would be expected to have a low melting point. _________________________
____ 10. A dipole occurs when two atoms with similar electronegativities bond to each other.
___________
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____ 12. Energy released when "excited" electrons return to lower energy levels produce...
a. line spectra d. all of the above
b. ionization energies e. none of the above
c. electron affinities
____ 13. Rutherford's gold foil experiment showed that the atom is mostly empty space because
a. some of the alpha particles were reflected right back
b. some of the alpha particles were deflected
c. most of the alpha particles went straight through the foil
d. all of the alpha particles went straight through the foil
e. all of the alpha particles were deflected
____ 14. What was Planck's contribution to the quantum mechanical model of the atom?
a. the uncertainty principle
b. the concept of quanta of energy
c. the idea that every mass has a wave with which it is associated
d. the wave equation
e. a relationship between energy and mass
____ 15. What was de Broglie's contribution to the quantum mechanical model of the atom?
a. the uncertainty principle
b. concept of quanta of energy
c. the idea that every mass has a wave with which is it associated
d. the wave equation
e. a relationship between energy and mass
____ 16. What did Schrodinger contribute to the quantum mechanical model of the atom?
a. the uncertainty principle
b. concept of quanta of energy
c. the idea that every mass has a wave with which it is associated
d. the wave equation
e. a relationship between energy and mass
____ 17. Which of the following is the electron configuration for magnesium?
a. 1s22s22p8 d. 1s32s32p33s2
b. 1s 2s 2p 3s
3 3 4 2 e. 1s22s22p63s2
c. 1s22s22p73s1
____ 18. What made scientists believe that atoms contain equal numbers of protons and neutrons?
a. most alpha particles went straight through the gold foil
b. some alpha particles were deflected by the gold foil
c. the line spectra of excited atoms
d. atoms are electrically neutral
e. none of the above
____ 23. Which of the following is the electron configuration for a halogen?
a. 1s22s22p4 d. 1s22s2
b. 1s22s22p63s1 e. 1s22s22p6
c. 1s22s22p5
____ 24. Which of the following is the electron configuration for fluoride, F1-?
a. 1s22s22p4 d. 1s22s22p6
b. 1s21p6 e. 1s22s22p63s1
c. 1s22s22p5
____ 33. What is the correct order of bond polarity of the bonds F-F, H-F and O-F beginning with the least
polar?
a. F-F, O-F, H-F d. H-F, F-F, O-F
b. F-F, H-F, O-F e. O-F, H-F, F-F
c. H-F, O-F, F-F
____ 34. A molecule consisting of a central atom surrounded by two bonding pairs and two non-bonding
(lone) pairs of electrons will be
a. linear d. trigonal pyramidal
b. tetrahedral e. trigonal planar
c. bent
____ 36. What would be the shape of a molecule containing a central atom attached to two other atoms with
one lone pair of electrons?
a. linear d. tetrahedral
b. bent e. trigonal bipyramidal
c. trigonal planar
____ 37. What would be the shape of a molecule containing a central atom attached to two other atoms with
three lone pairs of electrons?
a. linear d. trigonal planar
b. bent e. see-saw
c. trigonal pyramidal
____ 38. What would be the shape of a molecule containing a central atom attached to three other atoms with
one lone pair of electrons?
a. linear d. trigonal planar
b. bent e. see-saw
c. trigonal pyramidal
____ 39. What would be the shape of a molecule containing a central atom attached to two other atoms with
two lone pairs of electrons?
a. bent d. see-saw
b. trigonal pyramidal e. square planar
c. trigonal planar
____ 40. What would be the shape of a molecule containing a central atom attached to four other atoms with
one lone pair of electrons?
a. trigonal planar d. square pyramidal
b. see-saw e. octahedral
c. square planar
____ 43. Which statement is the best description of potassium chloride, KCl?
a. polar molecule d. ionic compound
b. polar bonds, non polar molecule e. none of the above
c. non polar molecule
____ 45. Identify the incorrect set of information about the shapes of molecules with single bonds only.
Set Lone pairs on Bonding pairs Shape
central atom on central atom
A 0 3 trigonal bipyramidal
B 0 4 tetrahedral
C 0 6 octahedral
D 1 3 trigonal pyramidal
E 2 2 V shaped
a. set A d. set D
b. set B e. set E
c. set C
c. H2O
____ 47. What types of things does Dr. Robert J. LeRoy use computer simulations to study?
a. behaviour of small molecules d. all of the above
b. decomposition of small molecules e. none of the above
c. intermolecular forces
Matching
____ 52. Unsolvable for systems containing more than one electron
____ 54. Single electrons in orbitals of the same energy must have the same spin
____ 55. In an atom, no two electrons can have the same four quantum numbers
____ 56. It is not possible to determine the exact position of an electron in an atom
Short Answer
63. According to Bohr, why do electrons travel in specific energy levels around the nucleus?
64. How would you determine the potential energy of the last electron in sodium?
65. According to Bohr, what is the maximum number of electrons in the third energy level?
66. Draw the electron configuration for the chloride, Cl1-, ion.
69. Predict the shape of a central atom surrounded by four other atoms and two unbonded pairs of elec-
trons. Explain your reasoning using VSEPR theory.
74. Predict the shape and bond angle(s) of sulphur hexahydride, SH6.
75. Hydrogen is part of group 1 in the periodic table and chlorine is a halogen. Yet, hydrogen chloride is
not an ionic compound. Why?
80. Why is Dr. Richard Bader's work with electron density maps important?
Essay
81. Compare and contrast the Bohr-Rutherford model of the atom with the quantum mechanical model.
82. Explain water's properties using what you know about its inter- and intramolecular forces.
84. We are able to "see" the shapes of molecules with X-ray crystallography. However, even without
this technology, there is a great deal of evidence that water, H2O, is a bent, polar molecule. Discuss
this evidence and explain how it relates to our model of the water molecule.
85. Explain, in your own words, how to determine the polarity of a substance. Use examples if you wish