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..Articulos Enfermedades Laborales Del Sistema Cardiovascular
..Articulos Enfermedades Laborales Del Sistema Cardiovascular
SISTEMA CARDIOVASCULAR
PRESENTADO POR:
RODRIGO GARCIA TOVAR
ID 793538
PAOLA ORTIZ VANEGAS:
ID: 780705
NATALIA RIVERA
ID:655648
DOCENTE:
SERGIO EDUARDO DÍAZ TRIANA
There are different studies (mainly from industrialized countries in Europe and the
United States), which suggest that certain professions have a high incidence of
cardiovascular diseases, among which are: workers with rotating shifts, unskilled
workers in industries, bus, tractor and cab drivers, employees of hotels,
restaurants, and sailors. Among the low-incidence professions are academics and
farmers.6-8 T. Kristensen (1995) states that there are numerous epidemiological
studies that show substantial differences between social classes, different
occupations and the occurrence of cardiovascular disease, adding that in the USA,
Europe and other industrialized countries, the incidence of cardiovascular disease
is evidently high in the lower social sectors.9,10 In this same article, Kristensen
makes a methodological opposition to the "Demand-Control-Support" model of R.
Karase (1995), Europe and other industrialized countries it is evidently high in the
lower social sectors.9,10 In this same article Kristensen makes a methodological
opposition to the "Demand-Control-Support" model of R. Karasek et al,11,12 which
proposes the relationship between the demands of work, the extent of decision
making and the social support of the individual with the appearance of
cardiovascular disease. It also adds to these criteria that the worker is subjected to
different factors such as noise, heavy work and exposure to chemical substances
that are of interest in the appearance of these disorders.13-14Methods
In order to develop our study, it was necessary to review the registry of medical
certificates in this period, and from there to select the certificates with a diagnosis
of CVC disorder. This resulted in 388, corresponding to 146 patients, which
constituted our working universe. The work records of these workers were also
reviewed to know some variables of interest such as age, sex, race, occupation,
profession, etc.; as well as from each certificate the diagnosis of each disease was
known.
For the processing and analysis of the data, simple epidemiological analysis
techniques were used, expressing the results in summary measures such as
percentages and rates (x 100 workers), and association measures such as
Relative Risk (R.r.). For a better understanding, they are shown in tables and
figures. ResultsWhen observing the distribution of workers at the "Julio Trigo"
Hospital, the highest percentage of workers are service workers, for 31.73 %, and
nurses, for 31.15 %, followed by physicians (19.19 %), and technicians and
administrative staff. Of these, 146 presented cardiovascular pathologies, which
represents a rate of 10.60 x 100 workers.
In the behavior of CVC disorders according to profession, it was observed that
physicians had the highest rate (24.3 x 100 workers), followed by administrative
staff (11.26) and nurses with 10.48 x 100 workers.
The age and sex of these patients is reflected in the figure where it can be seen
that the most affected age groups were 40-49 and 30-39 years with 43.83 and
34.24 % respectively, and women contributed the highest number of cases in all
age groups.
ARTICULO 1
ENFERMEDADES CARDIOVASCULARES / EPIDEMIOLOGÍA; FACTORES DE
RIESGO; PERSONAL SANITARIO; PERSONAL MÉDICO DEL HOSPITAL;
ENFERMERAS.
ARTICLE 2
CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTOR AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH
SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC AND LABOR FACTORS IN APPARENTLY HEALTHY
WORKERS
Among the risk factors related to the development of CVD, diabetes mellitus and
metabolic syndrome stand out.
Diabetes mellitus increases between 2 and 5 times the risk of developing CVD and
is considered a risk equivalent ischemic heart disease, cardiovascular
complications being the major cause of morbidity and mortality in diabetics
For identifying subjects at risk of developing type 2 diabetes within 10 years we
have developed predictive mathematical models that allow a non - invasive
diagnostic screening . The Carlos III Institute , Q-dSCOREand Findrisk stand out
for their applicability in the Spanish population .
Metabolic syndrome (MS), characterized by central obesity, arterial hypertension,
dyslipidemia and insulin resistance, is considered a determining factor of CVR: this
combination of factors implies a higher risk of coronary heart disease, stroke and
diabetes and a worse prognosis after AMI
Modifying CVD-related risk factors reduces mortality and morbidity in people with
cardiovascular disease, diagnosed or not.
In the world of work, Health Promotion in relation to CVD and its prevention
includes behavioral interventions, aimed at influencing the knowledge, skills,
abilities and attitude of workers: incorporating habits healthy lifestyles, CVRF
control programs, early detection of cardiovascular diseases and implementation of
secondary prevention measures.
Various mathematical models for predicting CVR allow estimating the probability of
suffering cardiovascular events in a given period (5 to 10 years) based on the risk
factors present and their intensity For the Spanish population, the REGICOR and
DORICA methods stand out , which assess the risk of coronary morbidity and
mortality, and the SCORE method , which assesses the risk of cardiovascular
mortality, in the following ten years. More innovative is the age of the heart method,
which shows the cardiac years that the patient can gain or lose according to the
control of their risk factors
Along with the classical factors related to CVR, there may be other associated
factors, particularly sociodemographic and occupational factors, which influence
the risk of the population that has not yet developed a clinical history of
cardiovascular disease and on which, therefore, primary prevention can be
performed. to prevent the occurrence of CVD, the workplace being an ideal means
to put it into practice, especially within the environment of health surveillance,
where active workers are acted upon, in principle considered healthy and, where
they must be taken into account Consideration, in addition to the classic risk
factors, different sociodemographic and labor variables, such as: age, sex,
educational level, social class and type of work performed.
It is based on the hypothesis that a significant percentage of the Spanish
population does not know what risk they have of developing CVD or if they present
altered values of CVR-related parameters and that, therefore, they are considered
apparently healthy.
The objective of this work is to know the cardiovascular risk factors present in
apparently healthy workers as a result of a cardiovascular risk detection program at
work and its relationship with sociodemographic and occupational factors.
- Sociodemographic and labor variables show influence on the CVR level, finding
greater risk in men, greater risk with increasing age, decreasing educational level,
in the lower social classes and in manual workers; unhealthy lifestyle habits
(smoking, non-heart-healthy eating, and especially sedentary lifestyle) are
associated with a higher CVR level on all scales. Influence of sociodemographic
and labor variables has also been found on the risk of developing DM 2,
highlighting greater risk in men, increased risk with increasing age, decreasing the
level of studies, in higher social classes and in manual workers .
- The Profile found of an apparently healthy Worker with elevated cardiovascular
risk corresponds to a worker over 50 years of age, with low academic level, low
social class and performing manual Jobs.
ARTÍCULO 2
Material y métodos:
Resultados:
RESUMEN
Introducción:
Material y métodos:
INTRODUCCIÓN:
Junto a los factores clásicos relacionados con el RCV, pueden existir otros
factores asociados, especialmente los sociodemográficos y laborales, que influyen
en el riesgo de la población que aún no ha desarrollado una historia clínica de
enfermedad cardiovascular y sobre la que, por tanto, se puede realizar la
prevención primaria. realizado. para prevenir la aparición de ECV, siendo el lugar
de trabajo un medio idóneo para su puesta en práctica, especialmente en el
ámbito de la vigilancia de la salud, donde se actúa sobre los trabajadores activos,
considerados en principio sanos y, donde hay que tenerlos en cuenta
Consideración, en Además de los factores de riesgo clásicos, diferentes variables
sociodemográficas y laborales, tales como: edad, sexo, nivel educativo, clase
social y tipo de trabajo realizado.
Se parte de la hipótesis de que un porcentaje significativo de la población
española desconoce qué riesgo tiene de desarrollar ECV o si presenta valores
alterados de los parámetros relacionados con el RCV y que, por tanto, se les
considera aparentemente sanos.
El objetivo de este trabajo es conocer los factores de riesgo cardiovascular
presentes en trabajadores aparentemente sanos como consecuencia de un
programa de detección de riesgo cardiovascular en el trabajo y su relación con
factores sociodemográficos y laborales.
MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS
RESULTADOS: