Manufacturing Laboratory-I (ME207) Report

Date of Submission: - 31 - 08 – 2022 Name: - Ankur Bharali

Group: - Monday Entry Number: - 2020MEB1267

EXPERIMENT 2
FORGING
FORGING: - Using compressive pressures, such as hammering, to shape and form metal to
create tools like chisels and trowels

OBJECTIVE: -
• To perform cold forging on a mild steel strip and form a chisel with a square cross-section
• To perform hot forging on mild steel to form a trowel

MATERIALS AND APPARATUS USED: -

Mild steel bar, mild steel plate, chop saw, hand saw, muffle furnace, plier, tongs, different types of
hammers, anvil, swage block, bench vice, grinder, measuring devices.

EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE: -
Forging is classified into two groups:

• Cold Forging: - Done below recrystallization Temperature.

• Hot Forging: - Done above recrystallization Temperature.

COLD FORGING: -

1. We take a mild steel bar which is cut into the desired length using a chop saw.
2. We hold the mild steel bar with pliers and then we hammer it continuously by changing
the position of hammering.
3. We make the mild steel bar into square shaped bar.
4. Then we will chose a particular end and will hammer on it until it becomes tapered and
takes the shape of a chisel.
Note: - We will hammer it in such a way that there is minimum crack formation.
HOT FORGING: -

1. A thin metal plate is cut using a hand saw.

2. Then it is placed in a muffle furnace at a temperature of over 900˚C.
3. When the temperature is reached above the recrystallization temperature, the metal
plate is taken out of the furnace with the help of a tong.
4. It is placed on the anvil and then we will hammer it on one of its end.
5. The end is tapered and the made sharp.
6. Then it is placed in the swage block and given the shape of a trowel using hammer.
7. Then we join a handle to the trowel using welding. We can also use the grinder to make
the edge even sharper.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: -
• Processes for hot forging and cold forging were both used. Compared to cold forging, hot
forging required a lot less force.
• In contrast to hot forging, where the metal's surface underwent chemical reactions with air
gases, cold forging left the metal with a better finish.
• In both instances, the metal becomes stronger, although cold forging improves its strength
more.

LEARNING FROM THE EXPERIMENT: -

• Cold forging is done at ambient temperature, while hot forging is done at the temperature
of recrystallization (metal is easily deformable).
• Hot forging uses less force, produces a product with poor surface quality and precision,
reduced strength and hardness, and high ductility.
• High strength, hardness, low ductility, superior surface polish, and precision are all benefits
of cold forging.
• Forging provides much higher strength compared to other manufacturing processes.

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