SonicScope 475

Top Of Cement (TOC) Evaluation

Schlumberger-Private
Schlumberger-Private
 Apparent TOC (Qualitative Evaluation)

Schlumberger-Private
If the casing is free, without cement between casing and the
formation, the amplitude of the casing arrivals in high frequency
monopole data significantly increases, which can be used to detect
the TOC qualitatively.
2
Schlumberger-Private
 Methodology
Monopole Waveform

Schlumberger-Private
 Compute amplitude of casing arrivals in a processing window as a
qualitative indicator to detect Top Of Cement (TOC).
 Amplitudes are computed with either peak-to-peak or max-peak in the
window
 Calibrate in zones of free pipe/poor cement.

3
Schlumberger-Private
 Processing & Interpretation
 Filtered waveform (WFA_MHS), Slowness Time projection (ST-MH)
and casing amplitudes (Casing_AMP) were extracted from Monopole
Waveform (MH) processing.
 The logged interval was not covering free pipe above TOC. Therefore,
calibration of casing amplitude was done in zones with poor cement

Schlumberger-Private
behind the casing.
 The presence of relatively good cement zones behind the casing may
be indicated by relatively lower casing amplitude, presence of
formation arrival and absence of casing arrival.
 The presence of relatively poor cement zones behind the casing may
be indicated by relatively higher casing amplitude, absence of
formation arrival and presence of casing arrival.
 SonicScope TOC results show low casing amplitude in most the of the
zones of the processed interval, an indicator of good cement in
general.
4
Schlumberger-Private
 Processing & Interpretation

 SonicScope response in open hole should provide clear formation

arrivals and insignificant casing amplitude. Since processed interval
does not cover open hole section, it could not be assessed in the
processed interval.

 The current evaluation standard for cement quality using TOC

Schlumberger-Private
was mainly qualitative in nature. Quantitative evaluation can be
done with further advance processing (FR-QBI) of SonicScope
data.

5
Schlumberger-Private
 Apparent Top of Cement Evaluation

Intermittent Intervals of relatively good / bad cement behind

the casing

Schlumberger-Private
• Low casing amplitude / weak casing arrival / strong
formation arrival indicates relatively good cement behind
the casing.

• High casing amplitude / dominant casing arrival / weak

formation arrival shows relatively bad cement behind the
casing.

6
Schlumberger-Private
 Apparent Top of Cement Evaluation

Intermittent Intervals of relatively good / bad cement behind

the casing

• Low casing amplitude / weak casing arrival / strong

formation arrival indicates relatively good cement behind
the casing.

• High casing amplitude / dominant casing arrival / weak

formation arrival shows relatively bad cement behind the

Schlumberger-Private
casing.

Example of relatively
good cement
Example of relatively
bad cement

7
Schlumberger-Private
 Advantage of LWD Cement Evaluation

 Multiple cement evaluations while tripping

 Very soon after cementing
 Many passes enable time lapse

 Larger tool diameter

Schlumberger-Private
 Measurement closer to the casing

 LWD does not have eccentralization issue

 Even in high deviation well or large casing

 Conveyance benefits
 Real-time answer, no additional rig time

8
Schlumberger-Private
 thanks

Schlumberger-Private
9
Schlumberger-Private