Raytheon Aircraft SECTION! i. GENERAL TABLE OF CONTENTS SUBJECT Introduction Important Notice. Use of the Handbook... .. Warnings, Cautions and Notes... Revising the Handbook Revision Service ‘Supplements. Airplane Flight Manual Supplements Revision Record ‘Three View Ground Turning Clearance Descriptive Data Engines. Number of Engines Engine Manufacturer Engine Model Number Engine Type Number of Drive Shafts : Compressor Stages and Types... Combustion Chamber Type. Turbine Stages and Types. ‘Compressor (Gas Generator) Turbine - Power Turbine : Engine Shatt-horsepower Rating. ... Compressor (Gas Generator) Shaft Rotational Speed (N1) Limits Propeller Rotational Speed (Na) Limits . Propellers ‘Number of Propellers. Propeller Manutacturer Propeller Hub and Blade Model Numbers Hub. Blades. Number of Blades Propeller Diameter Propeller Type Pitch Range (30-inch Station) .. Fuel : Recommended Engine Fuels, ‘Commercial Grades Miltary Grades Emergency Engine Fuels. ‘Commercial Aviation Gasoline Grades. Miltary Aviation Gasoline Grades . Usable Fuel Approved Fuel Additives . Engine Oil Specification Total Oil Capacity Drain and Refill Quantity (il Quantity Operating Range . Maximum Certticated Weights June, 2001 Beech King Air F90 PAGE 14 15 +8 18 19 1-10 2110 2110 2110 WWBeech King Air F90 SUBJECT Cabin and Entry Dimensions. ‘Specific Loadings Wing Loading Power Loading ‘Symbols, Abbreviations and Terminology. General Airspeed Terminology Meteorological Terminology Power Terminology a Control and instrument Terminology Graph and Tabular Terminology Weight and Balance Terminology 12 SECTION I GENERAL TABLE OF CONTENTS (CONT'D) Raytheon Aircraft PAGE 110 1-10 +10 1410 an wat 412 412 413, 114 114 June, 2001Raytheon Aircraft seach King AirFo0 section |= Gonera INTRODUCTION The forma ndcontets of he Pots Operating Handbook and FAA Approved Aiplae Fight Manual conlrm to GAMA (Gen- eral Aviation Manufacturers Association) Handbook Specification No. 1 through Revision No. 2, dated October 18, 1996. Use of this specification by all manufacturers will provide the pilot with the same type of data in the same place in all handbooks. Attention is called to Section x (SAFETY INFORMATION). Raytheon Aircraft feels that itis highly important to have Safety Infor~ mation in condensed form in the hands of the pilots. The Safety Information should be read and studied. Periodic review will serve {as a reminder of good piloting techniques. Use only genuine Raytheon Aircraft or Raytheon Aircratt approved pars obtained trom Raytheon Aircraft approved sources, in connection with the maintenance and repair of Beech airplanes Genuine Raytheon Aircraft parts are produced and inspected under rigorous procedures to insure airworthiness, {and suitabilty for use in Beech airplane applications. Parts purchased from sources other than Raytheon Aircraft, even though outwardly identical in appearance, may not have had the required tests and inspections performed, ‘may be diferent in fabrication techniques and materials, and may be dangerous when installed in an airplane. ‘Salvaged airplane parts, reworked parts obtained from non-Raytheon Aircraft approved sources, oF parts, compo- nents, or structural assembles, the service history of which is unknown or cannot be authenticated, may have been ‘subjected to unacceptable stresses or temperatures or have other hidden damage, not discemible through routine visual of usual nondestructive testing techniques. This may render the part, component, or structural assembly, ‘even though originally manufactured by Raytheon Aircraft, unsuitable and unsafe for airplane use. jlures, damage or injury caused by use Raytheon Aircraft expressly disclaims any responsibilty for malfunctions, of non-Raytheon Aircraft approved pars IMPORTANT NOTICE The handbook should be read carefully by the owner and the operator in order to become familiar with the operation of the air- plane. Suggestions and recommendations have been made within it to aid in obtaining maximum performance without sacrificing ‘economy. Be familar with, and operate the airplane in accordance with, the Pilot's Operating Handbook and FAA Approved Air- plane Flight Manual andor placards which are located in the airplane. This handbook includes the material required to be fur- rished to the pilot by the Federal Aviation Regulations and additional information provided by the manufacturer and constitutes the FAA Approved Airplane Flight Manual ‘As a further reminder, the owner and the operator should also be familiar with the Federal Aviation Regulations applicable to the ‘operation and maintenance of the airplane, and, as appropriate, FAR Part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules. Further, the ff airplane must be operated and maintained in accordance with FAA Airworthiness Directives which may be issued against it. ‘The Federal Aviation Regulations place the responsibilty for the maintenance of this airplane on the owner and the operator, Who should ensure that all maintenance is done by qualified mechanics in conformity with all airworthiness requirements estab- lished for this airplane. Alllimits, procedures, safety practices, time limits, servicing, and maintenance requirements contained in this handbook are con- sidered mandatory for continued airworthiness and to maintain the airplane in a condition equal to that ofits orginal manufacture. Raytheon Aircraft Authorized Outlets can provide recommended modification, service, and operating procedures issued by both the FAA and Raytheon Aircraft, which are designed to get maximum ulilty and safety from the airplane. June, 2001 13Raytheon Aircraft Section |- General Beech King Air FOO USE OF THE HANDBOOK WARNINGS, CAUTIONS AND NOTES “The folowing defirtons apply to (WARNINGS), (CAUTIONS), and (NOTES) found throughout the hancbook Operating procedures, techniques, etc., which could result in personal injury or loss of ite it not carefully followed. Operating procedures, techniques, etc., which could result in damage to equipment if not carefully followed. NOTE ‘An operating procedure, technique, etc, which is considered essential to emphasize. REVISING THE HANDBOOK ‘The Pilot's Operating Handbookiss designed to facilitate maintaining the documents necessary forthe safe and efficient operation ofthe aiplane. The handbook has been prepared in loose-leat form for ease in maintenance. It incorporates quick-reference tabs Imprinted with the tite of each section, NOTE Inn etfor to provide as complete coverage as possible, applicable to any configuration of the airplane, some op- tional equipment has been included in the scope of the handbook. However, due to the variety of airplane appoint ments and arrangements available, optional equipment described or depicted herein may not be designated as ‘such in every case. Immediately following the Title Page isa List Of Elective Pages. A complete listing of all pages is presented along with the current status of the material contained; .e. Original, Reissued ot Revised. A reissue of the manual or the revision of any portion willbe received with anew List Of Efiective Pages to replace the previous one. Reference to the List Of Effective Page(s) enables the ser to determine the current issue, revision, or reissue in effect for each page in the handbook, except for the Supplements Section ‘When the handbook is originally issued, and each time itis revised or reissued, a new Log Of Revisions page is provided imme- diately following the List Of Effective Pages. AllLog Of Revisions pages must be retained until the handbook is reissued. A capital letter in the lower right comer ef the 1g Of Revisions page designates the Onginal Issue ("A") or reissue ("B"."C", etc.) covered by the Log of Revisions page. 'a rumber follows the letter, it designates the sequential revision (1st, 2nd, 3rd, etc,) to the Onginal Issue or reissue covered by the Log OF Revisions page. Reference to the Log Of Revisions page(s) provides a record of changes ‘made since the Original Issue or the latest reissue. ‘That portion of a text or an illustration which has been revised by the addition of, or a change in, information is denoted by a solid IE revision bar located adjacent to the area of change along the outside margin of the page. REVISION SERVICE ‘The following publications will be provided, at no charge, to the registered owner/operator of this airplane: 1. Reissues and revisions of the Pilot’s Operating Handbook and FAA Approved Airplane Flight Manual. 2, Original issues and revisions of FAA-approved Aiplane Flight Manual Supplements. 3. Original issues and revisions of Raytheon Aircraft Service Bulletins. The above publications will be provided to the registered owner/operator at the address listed on the FAA Aircraft Registration Branch List or the Raytheon Aircraft DomesticInternational Owners Notification List. Further, the owner/operator will receive only those publications pertaining to the registered airplane serial number. For detailed information on how to obtain “Revision Ser- ice" applicable to this handbook or other Raytheon Aircraft Service Publications, consult any Raytheon Aitcrat authorized outet, ‘oF refer to the latest revision of Raytheon Aircraft Service Bulletin No, 2001 Raytheon Aircratt expressly reserves the right to supersede, cancel, and/or declare obsolete, without prior notice, any part, part ‘umber, kit, oF publication referenced in this handbook. 4 June, 2001Raytheon Aircraft Beech King Air Fo0 Section |- General ‘The owner/operator should erat ‘always refer to all supplements for possible placards, limitations, emergency, normal, and other op- onal procedures for proper operation ol the ornare ails op Lp ‘Ober operation of the airplane with optional equipment installed, sponsibility of the owner/operator to ensure that the latest revisions of publications referenced in He utilized during operation, servicing, and maintenance of the airplane. It shall be the res this handbook a SUPPLEMENTS, eee ane! aplane is delered irom the factory, the handbook delivered with it contain either an FAA-approved STC (Sup- lemental Type Cerificate) Supplement ot an FAA-approved Raytheon Aifcrat Fight Manual Supplement, for every installed ean reauiring 2 Supplement. ta new handbook for operation ofthe airplane is obtained at a later date, itis the responsiblity of re cynerloperator to ensure that al required Supplements (as well as Weight and Balance and other pertinent data) are trans: {erred into the new handbook EEE 7 AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL SUPPLEMENTS REVISION RECORD Section IX. SUPPLEMENTS, contains the FAA-approved Airplane Flight Manual Supplements, headed by a Log O! Supplements. age. On the Log page isa listing of he FAA-approved Supplemental Equipment available for installation on the airplane. When ew supplements are received or existing supplements are revised, a new Log page will replace the previous one, since it con- tains listing ofall previous approvals, plus the new approval. The supplemental material willbe added tothe Section in accor- ‘dance with the sequence specified on the Log page. NOTE Upon receipt of a new or revised supplement, compare the existing Log Of Supplements in the handbook with the Corresponding applicable Log page accompanying the new or revised supplement, It may occur that the Log page already in the handbook is dated later than the log page accompanying the new or revised supplement. In any case, retain the Log page having the later date and discard the older Log page. June, 2001 15& BEECHCRAFT ‘Super King Air F90 THREE VIEW May, 1979BEECHCRAFT Section! Super King Air F90 General 6 GROUND TURNING CLEARANCE Radius for inside Gear 3 eet 6 inches agus for Nose Wheet 1B feet Oinenes Radius for Outside Gear 16 feet 6 inches Radius for wing Tip 35 feet Oinches e TURING RADI ARE PREDICATED ON THE USE OF PARTIAL meet BRAKING ACTION AND DIFFERENTIAL POWER, 7Section | General 1 BEECHCRAFT Super King Air F90 DESCRIPTIVE DATA ENGINES NUMBER OF ENGINES: 2 ENGINE MANUFACTURER: Pratt & Whitney Aircraft of Canada Ltd. (Longueul, Quebec, CANADA) ENGINE MODEL NUMBER: PT6A-135 ENGINE TYPE: Turbo-propeller Engine NUMBER OF DRIVE SHAFTS: 2 1 Compressor (Gas Generator) Shaft 1 Power Turbine Shaft COMPRESSOR STAGES AND TYPES 3 AxiaHtiow Stages 1 Centrifugal-fow Stage COMBUSTION CHAMBER TYPE: Annular TURBINE STAGES AND TYPES COMPRESSOR (GAS GENERATOR) TURBINE Single-stage Axial-flow Reaction Turbine POWER TURBINE ‘Single-stage Axiallow Reaction Turbine ENGINE SHAFT-HORSEPOWER RATING: 750 SHP COMPRESSOR (GAS GENERATOR) SHAFT ROTATIONAL SPEED (Nj) LIMITS Maximum Take-off Maximum Continuous/Gruise Cimb Power: 101.5% Ny (38.100 rpm) PROPELLER ROTATIONAL SPEED (No) LIMITS ‘Maximum Take-olf/Maximum ContinuousiCruise Climb Power: 1900 mpm PROPELLERS. NUMBER OF PROPELLERS: 2 PROPELLER MANUFACTURER: Hartzell Propeller, Inc. (Piqua, Ohio) PROPELLER HUB AND BLADE MODEL NUMBERS HUB: LA-t through LA-120 except LA:20 and LA-97 HC-B4TN-38, 1A-20, LA-97, LA-121 and after HC-BATN-3A or HC-B4TN-38 BLADES: LA-1 through LA-130 T10173FB-10.5 1A-131 and after T1O173FK-105 March, 1981BEECHCRAFT ‘Super King Air F90 Section NUMBER OF BLADES: 4 PROPELLER DIAMETER: 92.0 inches PROPELLER TYPE Constant-speed, Full-eathering, Reversing, Counter weighted, Hydraulically Actuated PITCH RANGE (30-INCH STATION) Feathered +875) +05" Reverse: -85'=04" FUEL RECOMMENDED ENGINE FUELS COMMERCIAL GRADES Jet A, Jet A-1, Jet B MILITARY GRADES JP-4, JP-5, JP-8 EMERGENCY ENGINE FUELS (See LIMITATIONS Section for limitations.) COMMERCIAL AVIATION GASOLINE GRADES 80 Red (Formerly 80/87) 1O0LL Bive" 100 Green (Formerly 100/130) “In some countries, this fuel is colored Green and designated “1001.” MILITARY AVIATION GASOLINE GRADES 80187 Red 100/130 Green 115/145 Purple USABLE FUEL ‘Main Fuel System 988 gallons: Auxiliary Fuel System . 82 gallons ‘Maximum Usable Fuel Quantity 4470 gallons APPROVED FUEL ADDITIVE ‘Antiice Additive conforming to Specification MIL-1-27686 Fue! biocide “BIOBOR JF” in concentrations of 135 ppm or 270 ppm ' ENGINE OIL, SPECIFICATION ‘Any oil specified by brand name in the latest revision of Pratt & Whitney Service Bulletin Number 1001, 1 ‘August, 1963 19Section General ' TOTAL OIL CAPACITY 14 quarts per engine DRAIN AND REFILL QUANTITY Approximately 125 quarts per engine OIL QUANTITY OPERATING RANGE MAX to 4 QUARTS LOW on dipstick MAXIMUM CERTIFICATED WEIGHTS Maxirnum Ramp Weight. Maximum Take-otf Weight ‘Maximum Landing Weight Maximum Zero-tue! Weight. ‘Maximum Weight in Baggage Compartment. CABIN AND ENTRY DIMENSIONS Cabin Width (Maximum) Cabin Length (Maximum Between Pressure Bukheads) Cabin Height (Maximum) ‘Arstair Entrance Door Width (Minimum). Airstair Entrance Door Height (Minimum), Pressure Vessel Volume, ‘Afi Compartment Baggage Volume. ‘Avionics Compartment Volume. SPECIFIC LOADINGS WING LOADING: 39.14 pounds per square foot POWER LOADING: 7.3 pounds per horsepower BEECHCRAFT Super King Air F90 11,030 pounds 10,950 pounds. 10,950 pounds {9600 pounds 403 pounds .Shinches 131e0t 57 inches on BT inches St inches 3136 cubicteet Tobie feet 16cubic eetBEECHCRAFT Super King Air F90 Section | General ‘SYMBOLS, ABBREVIATIONS AND TERMINOLOGY ‘The following glossary is applicable within this handbook GENERAL AIRSPEED TERMINOLOGY cas cs TAS vw ve va ve Me i vwoMo February, 1980 Calirated Airspeed is the indicated airspeed of an airplane corrected for position and instrument error. Calibrated airspeed is equal to true airspeed in standard atmosphere at sea level Ground Speed is the speed of an airplane relative to the ground. Indicated Airspeed is the speed of an airplane as shown on the airspeed indicator. |AS values published in this handbook assume zero instrument error. Calibrated Airspeed expressed in knots. Indicated Airspeed expressed in knots ‘Mach Number is the ratio of true airspeed to the speed of sound. True Airspeedis the airspeed of an airplane relative to undisturbed air, which is the CAS. corrected for alttude, temperature, and compressibility. Take-off Decision Speed. 1. Take-off Safety Speed. Maneuvering Speed is the maximum speed at which application of full available aerodynamic control will not overstress the airplane, Design Flap Speed is the highest speed permissible at which wing flaps may be actuated. Maximum Flap Extended Speed is the highest speed permissible with wing flaps in a prescribed extended position ‘Maximum Landing Gear Extended Speeds the maximum speed at which an airplane ccan be safely flown with the landing gear extended. Maximum Landing Gear Operating Speed is the maximum speed at which the landing ‘gear can be salely extended or retracted. Littoff Speed. Air Minimum Control! Speed is the minimum flight speed at which the airplane is directionally controllable as determined in accordance with Federal Aviation Regulations. The airplane certification conditions include one engine becoming inoperative and windmiling, a 5-degree bank towards the operative engine, take-otf power on operative engine, landing gear up, flaps in take-off position, and most rearward C.G. For some Conditions of weight and altitude, stall can be encountered at speeds above VMCA as established by the certification procedure described above, in which event stall speed must be regarded as the limit of effective directional control, Ground Minimum Contro! Speed. ‘Maximum Operating Limit Speed is the speed limit that may not be deliberately exceeded in normal flight operations. V is expressed in knots and M in Mach Number. wnSection | General 12 ve Vso Vsse vx BEECHCRAFT ‘Super King Air F90 Rotation Speed. ‘Saling Speed or the minimum steady fight speed at which the airplane is contoable. ‘Staling Speedor te minimum steady fight speed at which the airplane is controltabe in the fanding configuration Intentional One-Engine-Inoperative Speedis a speed above both VNcA and stall speed, selected to provide a margin of lateral and directional contol when one engine is suddenly rendered inoperative. Intentional filing of one engine below this speed is not recommended. ‘Best Angle-of-Climb Speedis the airspeed which delivers the greatest gain of altitude in the shortest possible horizontal distance. Best Rate-of-Climb Speed is the airspeed which delivers the greatest gain in altitude in the shortest possible time. METEOROLOGICAL TERMINOLOGY Altimeter Setting Indicated Pressure Altitude toaT Isa oat Pressure Altitude Station Pressure Temperature Compressibility Effects, Wind Barometric Pressure corrected to sea level, ‘The number actually read from an altimeter when the barometric subscale has been set to 29.92 inches of mercury (1013.2 milibars) Incicated Outside Air Temperature is the temperature value read trom an indicator. International Standard Atmosphere in which: (1) The air is a dry perfect gas: (2) The temperature at sea level is 15° Celsius (59° Fahrenheit); () The pressure at sea level is 29.92 inches of mercury (1013.2 milibars) (4) The temperature gracient from sea level to the altitude at which the temperature is ~56.5°C (-69.7°F) is ~0.00198°C (—0.003566"F) per foot and zero above that altitude. Outside Air Temperature is the tree air static temperature, obtained either from the temperature indicator (IOAT) adjusted for compressibility elects, or trom ground ‘meteorological sources. Altitude measured from standard sea-level pressure (29.92 in. Hg) by a pressure (barometric) altimeter. It is the indicated pressure altitude corrected for position and Instrument error. In this handbook, altimeter instrument errors are assumed to be zero Position errors may be obtained from the Altimeter Correction graph. ‘Actual atmospheric pressur at field elevation ‘An error in the indication of temperature caused by airflow over the temperature probe. ‘The error varies, depending on altitude and airspeed. ‘The wind velocities recorded as variables on the charts of this handbook are to be ‘understood as the headwind or tailwind components of the reported winds. POWER TERMINOLOGY Beta Range The region of the Power Lever control which is aft of the Idle Stop and forward of reversing range where blade pitch angle can be changed without a change of gas ‘generator rpm. May, 1979BEECHCRAFT Super King Air FOO Sezton Cruise Climb is the maximum power approved for normal cimb, These powers are torque or temperature (TT) limited High Idle ‘Obtained by placing the Condition Lever in the High Idle position. This limits the power ‘Operation to a minymum of 70% of Ns ebm. Low idle ‘Obtained by placing the Condition Lever in the Low Idle position. This limits the power operation 10 @ minimum of 58% of Nt rpm. Maximum Is the highest power rating not limited by time. Use of tis rating is intended for Continuous emergeneysiuatons atthe dscetion ofthe po er Maximum Cruise Is the highest power rating for cruise and is not time limited. Pou ighest power rating a ‘Normal Operating Power is the highest power rating within the normal operating range. Noise characteristics requirements of FAR 36.1501 have been demonstrated at this power rating Reverse Reverse thrust is obtained by lifing the Power Levers and moving them aft of the Beta range. SHP ‘Shaft Horsepower ‘Take-off Power Is the maximum power rating and is limited to a maximum of 5 minutes operation. Use of this rating should be limited to normal take-off operations and emergency situations. CONTROL AND INSTRUMENT TERMINOLOGY Condition Lever The fuel shut-otf lever actuates a valve in the fuel control unit which controts the tlow of (Fuel Shut-off fuel at the fuel control outlet and regulates the idle range from Low to High idle. Lever) ITT (interstage Eight probes wired in parallel indicate the temperature between the compressor and Turbine power turbines. Temperature) Ni Tachometer The tachometer registers the rpm of the gas generator with 100% representing a gas (Gas Generator generator speed of 37.500 rpm RPM) Power Lever (Gas This lever serves to modulate engine power from full reverse thrust to take-off. The Generator Ni position for idle represents the lowest recommended level of power for fight operation, RPM) Propeller Control This lever requests the control to maintain rpm at a selected value and, in the maximum ‘Lever (Nz RPM) decrease rpm postion, feathers the propeller. Propeller ‘This governor will maintain the selected speed requested by the propeller control lever Governor except on reverse selection where the power lever interconnection to the integral ‘pneumatic area of the governor will select a lower speed. The pneumatic area during otmal selection will act as an overspeed limiter. Torquemeter The torquemeter system determines the shat output torque. Torque values are obtained by tapping into two outlets on the reduction gear case and recording the differential pressure from the outlets. Instrument readout is in foot-pounds. February, 1980 143Section | General BEECHCRAFT Super King Air F90 GRAPH AND TABULAR TERMINOLOGY Accelerate-Go Accelerate-Stop AGL Best Angle of Climb Best Rate of Climb Clearway Climb Gradient Demonstrated Crosswind Landing Weight Maximum Zero Fuel Weight MEA Ramp Weight Route Segment ‘Take-off Weight ‘The distance to accelerate to Take-off Decision Speed (V1), experience an engine tatu, continue accelerating to Mttott speed (VLOF), then climb and accelerate im order to ‘achieve climb speed (V2) at 35 feet above the runway. “The distance to accelerate to Take-otf Decision Speed (V1) and stop, using brakes and propeller reversing on the operative engine. V1 speed is equal to the take-off rotation ‘speed (Vr). ‘Above Ground Level ‘The best angle-of-climb speed isthe airspeed which delivers the greatest gain of altitude in the shortest possible horizontal distance with gear and flaps up. “The best rate-of-cimb speed isthe airspeed which delivers the greatest gain of altitude in the shortest possible time with gear and flaps up. ‘A clearway is an area beyond the runway, not less than 500 feet wide, centrally located ‘about the extended centerline of the runway. and under the contro! of the airport luthorites. The clearway is expressed in terms of a clearway plane, extending trom the fend of the runway with an upward slope not exceeding 1.25 percent, above which no ‘object nor any terrain protrudes. However. threshold lights may protrude above the plane if their height above the end of the runway is 26 inches or less and if they are located to each side of the runway. ‘The ratio of the change in height during a portion of a climb, to the horizontal distance traversed in the same time interval. ‘The maximum 90° crosswind component for which adequate control of the aiplane during takeot and landing was actually demonstrated during certification test. The weight of the airplane at landing touchdown. ‘Any weight above the value given must be loaded as fu Minimum Enroute Altitude “The weight ofthe airplane before engine start. Included is the take-off weight plus a fuel allowance for start, taxi, run-up and take-off ground roll to lit-of ‘A part of a route. Each end of that part is identitied by: (1) a geographic location: or (2) a point at which a definite radio fix can be established. ‘The weight of the airplane at lit-off from the runway. WEIGHT AND BALANCE TERMINOLOGY ‘Approved Loading Envelope ‘Those combinations of airplane weight and center of gravity which define the liits ‘beyond which loading is not approved “The distance from the center of gravity of an object to a line about which moments are to be computed. February, 1980BEECHCRAFT Super King Air F99 7 mae Center of Gravity CG Limits Datum Empty Weight Engine oit Jack Point Landing Weight Leveling Points Maximum Weight Ramp Weight Standard Empty Take-off Weight Tare Unusable Fuel Usable Fuel Useful Load Section | General “The weight of an empty airplane including full engine oil and unusable fuel. This equals, empty weight plus the weight of unusable fuel. and the weight of all the engine oil required to fil the lines and tanks. Basic empty weight is the basic configuration trom Which loading data is determined ‘Apoint at which the weight of an object may be considered concentrated for weight and balance purposes. ‘The extreme center of gravity locations within which the airplane must be operated ata siven weight. ‘Avertical plane perpendicular to the airplane longitudinal axis trom which fore and aft (usualy at) measurements are made for weight and balance purposes. “The weight of an empty airplane before any oil or fuel has been added. This includes all permanently installed equipment, fixed ballast, full hydraulic fluid, full chemical toilet fluid, ‘and all other operating fluids ful, except that the engines, tanks, and lines do not contain any engine oil or fuel Tnat portion of the engine oil which can be drained from the engine. Points on the airplane identified by the manufacturer as suitable for supporting the airplane for weighing or other purposes. ‘The weight of the airplane at landing touchdown. ‘Those points which are used during the weighing process to level the airplane. ‘The largest weight allowed by design, structural, performance or other limitations. ‘Ameasure ofthe rotational tendency of a weight, about a specified line, mathematically ‘equal to the product of the weight and the arm Weight of occupants, cargo and baggage. Pounds Per Hour ‘The airplane weight at engine start assuming all loading is completed The basic empty weight of a standard airplane as specified by the manufacturer. ‘The longitudinal distance from some point tothe zero datum or zero fuselage station. ‘The woight ofthe airplane at lit-off from the runway. ‘Te apparent weight which may be indicated by a scales before any load is applied ‘The fuel remaining after consumption of usable fv. ‘That portion of the total fuel which is available for consumption as determined in ‘accordance with applicable regulatory standards. ‘The difference between the airplane ramp weight and the basic empty weight. Zero Fuel Weight The airplane ramp weight minus the weight of fuel on board, February, 1980 145