PREFACE

Leadership is the aristocrat of all the callings.

This belief impels the compiler to explore its
elements.
History exhibits few such magnificent, unselfish
characters as Confucius, Cincinnatus, Asoka, Washing­
ton, Lincoln and Churchill I
Of all history's regimes and cultures, only China's
has lasted about 40 centuries. Why? Since 1914, this
tribe has been having just another of its many "Ages
of Confusion." Why? Some of them lasted for decades
and one for over a century. Again why?
Gone are the ancient regimes and cultures of the
Mesopotamian lands and of glorious Persia; those
of Asia Minor and E gypt; and those of Africa, Greece,
Macedon and Rome; those of Byzantium, Genghis
Khan, Charlemagne and the splendid Arab dominions;
those of pre-discovery Mayans, Incas and Aztecs.
Failures deserve much study.
Why did these obsolescent regimes and cultures
have such few centuries of effiorescence? Was it poor
leadership of their "creative minorities" in their fail­
ures to provide capable successors?
Today, what is happening to the French, British,
German, Italian, E gyptian and Moslem tribes, the
semi-Asiatic Russians and their satellite states and to
Japan, India, China, Southern Asia states and to
Indonesia should be the subject of intensive diagnosis.
With the same heredity and ancestors, as their
cousins, the Western regimes and cultures, must the

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8 PREFACE
current American way of life suffer similar decadence
after the usual few centuries of success?
These puzzles in history have intrigued the com­
piler for over half a century. In his original work,
LEADERSHIP, and in this work, LEADERSHIP
ABRIDGED, a possible solution is sought.
For his own personal guidance and to obviate, in
his actions, the numerous errors everywhere about,
of those in authority and power, the compiler began,
60 years ago and continued, while in the armed forces
for 30 years and also for more than 30 more years
in civil life activities, to keep notes on "what a leader
or ·boss should not do" and also on "what a leader or
boss should do." Their essence are herein set forth
and induce the compiler to propose,-
1.-Conforming to tribal mores, leadership's ele­
mentary princlples should be taught in all grammar
and high schools.
2.-All colleges and universities should establish
Departments of Leadership wherein human relations
are explored and studied with due consideration of
naturar law and where the dignity of man is supreme.
The terrible indictment of so-called colleges and uni­
versities, since their beginnings, is that their end pro­
ducts have been mostly technicians and very few
leaders.
Intensive researches should be made of the rise and
fall of cultures and civilizations that have made con­
tributions to mankind's struggle up from savagery.
What led to progress? What caused their downfalls
and oblivion?
3.-Competent leadership might promote the con­
tinuous progress of American culture and civilization
and prevent its decadence and fall.
4.-Leadership aspirants are referred, for fuller

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 PREFACE 9

information, to the master work, LEADERSHIP, in

two volumes, totalling 2,282 pages, published by
Meador Publishing Co., Boston, Mass.

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 CONTENTS
Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 'l
I Concepts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
II Religion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
III Ideologies . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . 23
Realism; Political Thought
IV History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
V Peace and War . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Peace; Difficulties; Pacifism; Mili­
tarism; Discipline; Preparedness; Lo­
gistics; Tactics; Strategy; Veterans;
War
VI Science: Philosophy . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Truth; Time; Biology; Ha,rmony­
Rhythm; Evolution; Philosophy; Re­
search; Science
VII Philosophy of History . . . . . . . . . . . 54
VIII Human Relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Tradition; Customs; Morals; Eth­
ics; Standards; Parents-Family-Pos­
terity; Mercy; Kindness; Social Wel­
fare; Humanitarianism; Service; Phi­
lanthropy; Unity; Equality; Toler­
ance; Tact; Human Relations
IX Human Nature . . . . . . . . . . 80
Pride; Boasting; Vanity; Combat­
iveness; Fighting; Frugality; Thrift;
Lending; Covetness; Greed-Avarices;
Gambling; Speculation; Gratitude;
Friendship; Capacity; Imitation; Ego­
ism; Human Nature; Changes; Ages

11
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12 CONTENTS

X Human Nature-Sex ............ 97

General; Knowledge; Religion;
Sexual Behavior in U.S.A.; Chastity;
Weaknesses and Strengths; Changes;
Romance--Being in Love; Birth Con­
trol; Marriage; Love in Marriage;
Sexual Relations; Children; Dowag­
ers; Polygamy, Polyandry; Promiscu­
ity; Prostitution; Illegitimacy; Di­
vorce; Education
XI Philosophy of Life .............. 115
Advice; Recommendations; En­
couragement; Promises; Realiza­
tion; Independent; Dogma; Budget;
couragement; Promises; Realization;
Independent; Dogma; Budget; Trou­
bl�; Policy; Consistency; Compro­
mise; Mission, Objective; Hostages;
Inventory; Self-Analysis; Change;
Choice - Discrimination; Security;
Choice - Luck - Fortune; Estimate
of the Situation; Quotations; His­
tory: Some Philosophies of Life; Dif­
ficulties; Measurements; Remarks;
Ideals; Recommendations
XII Health ...................... . 137
Longevity; Senility; Retirement;
Retired Officers of the U.S.A. Armed
Forces
XIII Mind 142
Quotations; Subdivisions; Uncon­
sciousness: Subconsciousness; Under­
standing; Affectivity: Moral Sense;
Intelligence; Quotations; Definitions;
History; Difficulties; Ideals; Testing;

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 CONTENTS 13

Perception; Acumen; Ideas: Con­

cepts; Intellectuals; Aptitude; Tal­
ent; Genius; Creative Effort; Tools;
Memory; I ma g i n ation; Common
Sense - Wisdom; Foresight; Judg­
ment; Opinion; Decision; Emotion;
Sentiment; Belief; Love; Romance;
Sympathy; Envy; Jealousy; Anger;
Hatred; Revenge
XIV Psychology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173
�ind, Soul and Spirit; Faith; Spir­
itual; Soul (Spiritual); Telepathy;
Clairvoyance; Psycho mat i c Medi­
cine, Hypnotism; Parapsychology;
Psychology: Definition; Difficulties;
Goods; Complexes: Inferiority, Su­
periorities, etc.; Unrest; Escapes;
Monotony, Boredom; Loneliness;
Gregariousness; Gossip; Scandal;
Mobs: Crowds; Mass Delusions,
Manias, Emotional Waves; U.S.A.;
Psychiatry; Psychoanalysis; Fickle­
ness; Duty; Conscience; Confession,
Prayer; Heredity; Instincts; Intui­
tions: Inspirations; Urges: Impulses;
Environment; Inhibitions: Repres­
sions; Mystery; Tabus; Superstitions;
Prejudice; Intolerance; Grief: Sor­
row; Homesickness - Nostalgia; .
Fear: Panic; Worry
XV Education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • 209
Ignorance; Information; Knowl­
edge; History; Difficulties; Goods;
General; Manuals; Experience;
Skills; Poise; Shyness; Sophistication;

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14 CONTENTS

Efficiency; Voice; Talking: Conver­

sation; Words: Vocabulary; Lan­
guage; L i teracy; Reading; Open
Mindedness; Curiosity; Adaptability;
Atention; Concentration; Universi­
ties; Education; Definition; History;
Difficulties; Goods; Ideals; In U.S.A.
Training; Teaching; Assiduty; Sim­
plicity; Learning; Definitions; His­
tory; Difficulties; Goods; Mechanics;
Discussions; Accuracy; Mathematics;
Study; Thinking; Meditation: Reflec­
tion; Components of Thought; His­
tory; Difficulties; Goods; Science;
Ideals; Thinking, Its Mechanics;
Logic; Reason; History; Difficulties;
Mechanics of Reasoning; General
XVI Character . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285
Morality - Virtue; Righteous­
ness; Temptation; Integrity; Hon­
esty; Honor; Sincerity; Generosity:
Magnanimity; Selfishness; Prudence;
Patience; Optimism; Gullibility; Hu­
mility; Aggressiveness; Dash; Reso­
lute; Firmness; Forcefulness; Re­
sourcefulness, Self-Reliance; Perse­
verance; Reliability; Responsibility;
Energy; Thoroughness; \Nill; Cour­
age; Loyalty; Heroes; Character;
Military Character; American Char­
acter
XVII Behavior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 321
Manners, Etiquette, Politeness;
Courtesy; Good \Nill; Behavior; Con-
duct; Conduct Patterns; Conduct Rec-

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 CONTENTS 15

ommendations; Habits; Negatism;

Argument; Candor; Frankness; Di­
rectness; Cheerfulness; Deliberate­
ness; Punctuality; Temperance; Pry­
ing; Prediction; Prophecies; Fashion;
Misrepresentations; Posing; Arro­
gance; Snobbishness; Moral Relapse;
Apology; Silence - Tight Mouth;
Self-Control; Behavior Ideals
XVIII Attitude . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 345
Interest; Convictions; Enthusi­
asm; Zeal; Moderation; Modesty;
Conservatism; Purpose; Motives;
In centive; Embarrassment; Confi­
dence; Attitude; Ambition; Laziness;
Diligence; Earnestness; Initiative;
Mistakes; Competition; Opposition;
Strife; Enemies
XIX Wit: Ridicule: Burlesque: Irony:
Laughter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 368
Discussion; Satire: Sarcasm:
Scorns: Sneers
XX Personality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 376
Cleanliness; Temperament; Dispo­
sition; Expression; Personal Appear­
ance; Tranquility; Magnetism, Per­
sonal; Personal Capital; Prestige;
Reputation; Personality
XXI Economics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 395
Discussion; Piracy; Confiscations,
Property; History; Ethics; Anarchy;
Cost; Taxes; Insurance; Statistics;
Agriculture; A.S.A. A griculture;
Capitalism; Industry; Entrepreneurs;
Business; American Business Con-

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16 CONTENTS

trasted with Other Tribes; Corpora­

tions; Slavery; vVages; Labor; Un­
employment; We a l t h ; P o v e r t y ;
Money; Capital; Property; Credit;
Debts; Prices; Profit; Prosperity;
Business Cycles; Inflation; Mass Pro­
duction; Obsolescence; Inventions;
Revolutions, Evolutions; Government
Regulation of Industry; Public Own­
ership; U.S.A. Economics; U.S.A.
Business Cycles; U.S.A. Credit;
U.S.A. Employment; U.S.A. Hous­
ing; U.S.A. New Deal; Economy,
Planned; Economy, Planned, U.S.A.
XXII Government . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 466
History; Difficulties; Crises: Emer­
gencies; Goods; Ideals; Sovereignty;
Tyranny; Censorship; Taxes; Offices;
Justice; Law; Crime; Juvenile De­
l i nqu e n c y ; Crime in the U.S.A.;
Crime Prevention; Theocracy; Mon-
. archy; Oligarchy; Aristocracy; Au­
tocracy; Dictators; Plutocracy; Self
Determination of Tribes; Imperial­
ism; Colonies; Bureaucracy; Civil
Service; Civil Service - Essentials;
Civil Service in U.S.A.; Parliaments;
Legislatures; Democracy - Quota­
tions; Democracy - Difficulties; De­
mocracy - Advantages; Democracy
in U.S.A.; Democracy in U.S.A. -
Problems; Government of U.S.A. -
Constitution; Government of U.S.A.
- Discussion

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 CONTENTS 17

XXIII Nationalism - General . . . . . . . . . 549

Nationalism - U.S.A.; Patriot­
ism; Internationalism; Diplomacy;
Conservatives; Liberals; Progress­
ives - Radicals; Primaries, Direct;
Initiative, Referendum, Recall; Vot­
ers; Graft; Demagogues; Officials,
Elected; Elected Officials - U.S.A.;
P oli ticians; Politics; Politics in
U.S.A.; Politics in U.S.A. - Spoils
System; Politics in U.S.A. - Ma­
chines; Revolutions
XXIV Publicity . . . . . . . .. 587
Publicity - Difficulties; Public
Opinion; Public Opinion - History;
Public Opinion - Difficulties; Slo­
gans ( Mental Banners) ; Propa­
ganda; Public Relations Counsel;
Advertising; Press in U.S.A.
XXV Opportunity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 606
Influence; Showmanship; Salesman-
ship; Favors; Invitations; Approach;
Now
XXVI Vocation - Avocation . . . . . . . . . . . 617
Amusem·ent; Pleasure; Sport; Va­
cations; Happiness; Difficulties; Fac­
tors in Happiness; Ideals; Avoca­
tions; Career; Vocation
XXVII Progress: Success . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 631
Leisure; Reforms; Progress; Fam­
ines, Starvation, Hunger; Abund­
ance; Sketch History of Progress;
Difficulties; Goods; Work; Frustra­
tions; Failure; Defeats; Success; Dif­
ficulties in Success; Essentials

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XXVIII Art 661

Taste; Art; Music
XXIX Personnel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 667
Confidence; Obedience; Supervi­
sion; Tension; Complaints; Tracing
Co-Workers' Problems; Personnel
Followers; Morale; Morale - In
"World War II
XXX Criticism, Rewards, Punishments 700
Criticism; Fault-Finding; Punish­
ment; Applause; Popularity; Fame;
Flattery; Yes-Men; Gifts; Praise;
Rewards
XXXI Organization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 714
Authority; Powe r ; Reserves;
Standardization; Centralization; In­
doctrination - Conferences; Cooper­
ation; Delegating Authority; Sugges­
tions; Instructions, Orders, Com­
m ands; Order; Plans; System;
Routine; Reports; Organization
XXXII Leadership . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 741
Accessibility; Aloofness; Dignity;
Exactness; Sm·a.rtness; Mediocrity;
Selecting Leaders; Managements;
Leadership; Sketchy History; Diffi­
culties; Duties to Subordinates and
Associates; Requirements; Ideals;
General; Generalship, Admiralship,
Air Marshalship; Leadership i n
U.S.A. Armed Forces; Leadership in
Democracies; Spiritual Values; Ten­
tative Final Conclusions
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 789

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 LEADERSHIP ABRIDGED
CHAPTER I

CONCEPTS

The broadening of human thought since the eras

of savagery and the chronology of new concepts are
of vital importance in the development of the know­
ledge, intelligence and comprehension of leadership
aspjrants and in their individual application of the
principles of leadership to a given group and its task.
Ages of Faith should be studied intensively. What
"road blocks" they have been to spiritual and material
progress I
Always, ignorant peoples and populaces have been,
and are, awed, even frightened, by the seemingly un­
explainable mysteries of life and nature.
To believing multitudes, witches, wizards, magic­
ians, "holy men," priesthoods and clergymen have
attempted to explain and interpret events and con­
ditions using entrails of animals, blood sacrifices, in­
cantations, "revelations," holy or divine literature,
prayer, etc.
In 1-952, no Catholics were among the 64 eminent
American scientists analyzed by the "Scientific Amer­
ican."
Ages of Reason tend to discover truth and tabulate
exact and provable knowledge. They have promoted
the eras of liberty, the freedoms, democracy and the

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20 LEADERSHIP ABRIDGED

dignity of man, the individual. Thereby, many fatuous

fears have been eliminated, peace of mind furthered
and happiness increased. Longevity has lengthened
because of the increasing influence of science. The stan­
dard of living rises progressively.
Comparative studies should be made of their Ages
of Faith with their Ages of Reason of the following
tribes:
Chinese, for about the last 30 centuries.
Greeks and Romans, during their 9 centuries in the
Age of Reason.
Hebrews, throughout the ages.
Arabs, during the few centuries of their Age of
Reason.
European tribes and their colonists since the Ren­
aissance and the Reformation. Their Industrial Revo­
lution during these last two centuries deserves much
study and thought.

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