Unit 2.

URBANIZATION 
B. GRAMMAR REVIEW 
I. CÂU GIẢ ĐỊNH (Subjunctive) 
Câu giả định hay còn gọi là câu cầu khiến là loại câu mà đối tượng thứ nhất muốn đối tượng thứ hai làm
một việc gì (không mang tính ép buộc như câu mệnh lệnh.) Trong câu giả định, người ta dùng dạng
nguyên thể không có TO của động từ sau một số động từ chính mang tính cầu khiến. THAT phải luôn
xuất hiện trong dạng câu này. 

Subject + Verb (any tense) + that + subject + (should) + verb in simple form]
1. Những động từ và danh từ thường được theo sau bởi Subjunctive là: 
advise v. advice n.  command v. command n. 
demand v. demand n.  suggest v.  suggestion n. 
prefer v.  preference n. recommend v.  recommendation n. 
require  requirement n. decree v. – RA LỆNH decree n. – SẮC
LỆNH
ask v.  order v.  order n.  insist v. 
                          insistence n.  request v. 
request n.  propose v. 
proposal n. urge v.  urgency n. 
Ex: His parents insisted that he (should) find a job and settle down in a big city.
It is recommended that people (should take regular exercise. 
She demanded that I should tell her the truth.
The recommendation that all people affected by the storm (should) be evacuated immediately
was approved. 
2. Những tính từ thường được theo sau bởi Subjunctive là: 
advisable urgent  imperative  essential 
necessary obligatory  vital  fundamental 
important mandatory  crucial  desirable 

It + be (any tense) + adjective + that + subject + verb [in simple form]

Ex: It is necessary that everyone be here on time. 
It is essential that pollution be controlled and eventually eliminated. 
It is vital that no one else know about the secret government operation. 

Lưu ý: Nếu bỏ THAT trong công thức trên thì: It be adj for somebody to Vinf. 
• It is necessary that everyone be here on time. 
→ It is necessary for everyone to be here on time. 
• It is essential that pollution be controlled and eventually eliminated. 
 → It is essential for pollution to be controlled and eventually eliminated. 
• It is vital that no one else know about the secret government operation. 
→ It is vital for no one else to know about the secret government operation. 
4. Câu giả định dung với it is time

It is time + (for smb) to do sth:

Đã đến lúc ai đó phải làm gì (thời gian không giả định)
Ex: It is time for me to get to the airport (just in time). 

It is time/ high time/ about time + subject + simple past

(Đã đến lúc – giả định thời gian đến trễ một chút)
Nhận xét: Hight/ about được dùng trước time để thêm vào ý nhấn mạnh.

Ex: It’s high time I left for the airport. = (It is a little bit late).

Bài 2: Choose the best answer to complete the sentences.

1. It's important that she _______ to take her medicine twice a day.
A. remember B. remembering C. to remember D. remembers
2. I suggest that Frank _______ the instructions carefully before playing that game.
A. reading B. to read C. read D. reads
3. Mrs. Smith demanded that the heater _______ immediately. Her apartment was freezing.
A. repaired B. be repaired C. repair D. repaired
4. It's vital that the United States _______ on improving its public education system.
A. focuses B. focusC. focusing D. focused
5. The monk insisted that the tourists _______ the temple until they had removed their shoes.
A. not entering B. not to enter C. not enter D. don't enter
6. I am not going to sit here and let her insult me. I demand that she immediately _______ for what she
has just said.
A. apologized B. apologizing C. to apologize D. apologize
7. Was it really necessary that I _______ there watching you rehearse for the play?
A. sits B. am sitting C. be sitting D. was sitting
8. I propose that we all _______ together so that nobody gets lost along the way.
A. is driving B. drive C. to drive D. are driving
9. She told me that he _______ back.
A. return B. returns C. returning D. returned
10. I think it's an interesting fact that she _______ from Japan.
A. come B. to come C. comes D. be coming
11. The chairman moved that the meeting _______ postponed.
A. be B. is C. was D. were
12. It's high time the children _______ their lesson. It's 8 p.m now.
A. prepared B. are preparingC. prepare D. to prepare
13. I'd rather my teacher _______ me fewer compositions tonight.
A. gave B. give C. giving D. gives
14. They required that each member _______ twenty-five dollar.
A. to pay B. paying C. paid D. pay
15. His doctor suqqested that he _______ a rest.
A. will take B. would take C. take D. took
16. The law requires that everyone _______ his car checked at least once a month.
A. has B. have C. had D. will have
Bài 6: Choose the best answer to complete the sentences.
1. It is necessary that the problem _______ solved right away.
A. would be B. might be C. be D. is
2. I didn't go to the party yesterday, but I wish I _______ there.
A. was B. were C. had been D. went
3. I don't know the answer. I wish I _______ it.
A. know B. will know C. knewD. had known
4. I wish I _______ to the moon.
A. can fly B. fly C. will fly D. could fly
5. He talks as if he _______ everything. ( so sánh không có thật ở hiện tại S1 + V1 as if S2 +V2 )
A. know B. knewC. has known D. will know fly
6. Without your help, we _______ such rapid progress.
A. don't make B. won't make
C. wouldn't have made D. didn't make
7. If only I _______ you!
A. could help B. can help C. will help D. help
8. It's high time we _______.
A. leaveB. left C. should leave D. are leaving
9. We all insisted that she _______ the meeting.
A. attend B. attends C. attended D. would attend
10. He asked that the messaqe _______ to Mr. Mark as fast as possible.
A. take B. was taken C. be taken D. would take