CALCULATION OF SHORING WALL FOR LNG SPILL

Sketch of Retaining wall Elevation of slab = 16.320

Height of Retaining wall ( H )

1.700 meter

Elevation of excavation =
14.620

depth embedment of pipe ( h ) Double pipe dia. 48 mm

Figure of Force Analysis

y= 0.200 m

x= 1.5 m 1.700 m
Paq

Pa

h 1.700 m from calculation below

Pp

ɣ * h * Kp ɣ* h * Ka q * Ka
Data :
Q
Assumed :
Ka = tan2 (45 - Ө/2 ) Ө= 30 0 ( pasir padat )
0.333 ɣ = 1.9 t/m3
Kp = tan2 (45 + Ө/2 ) c.o.c = 0.5 m ( center to center pipe )
3
q= 0.15 1 2.4
0.36 t/m
pipe Ø 4.86 cm

y = 0.2 m A
c.o.c = 0.5 m
Psupport
Paq
x = 1.5 m H

Pa

h= H - 1.700
Pp

I. CHECK THE EMBEDMENTH OF PIPE ( h )

Σ MA = 0
Pa*( ⅔H ) - Pp*( 1.7 + ⅔h ) + Paq*( ½H ) = 0
Breakdown of formula :
a. Pa ( ⅔H ) = ( 0.5*ɣ * H2 * Ka*c.o.c )( ⅔H ) = 0.5*ɣ * H3 * Ka*c.o.c*⅔
0.1055555556 H3
b. Paq ( ½H )= ( q* Ka*H*c.o.c )( ½H ) = q* Ka*H2*c.o.c*½
0.03 H2
c. Pp ( 1.7 + ⅔h )= ( 0.5*ɣ* h2 * Kp*c.o.c )( 1.7 + ⅔h ) = 0.5*ɣ* h2 * Kp*c.o.c+ 0.5*ɣ* h3 * Kp*c.o.c*⅔ 2.34
2.4225 h2 + 0.95 h3
2.1375*h2 = 2.423 ( H2 - 3.4H + 2.89 ) = 2.423H2 - 8.23H + 7
0.95 *h3 = 0.95 ( H2 - 3.4H + 2.89 ) ( H - 1.7 ) = 0.95H3 - 3.23H2+6.6215H-4.66
0.95H3-0.807H2- 1.6085H+2.34
Combine the formula
Pa*( ⅔H - y ) - Pp*( x + ⅔h ) + Paq*( ½H - y ) = 0
(0.105H3) - (0.95H3-0.807H2-1.6085H+2.34 ) + (0.03H2 ) = 0
-0.845 H3 + 0.837 H2 + 1.6205 H + -2.340 = 0
0.845 H3 + -0.837 H2 + -1.6205 H + -2.340 = 0.00

H= 2.326. m Result from above equation

h= H - 1.700
h= 0.626 m
Safety factor 1.5
h= 0.939 m minimum embedmenth
h= 1.7 m Use
H= 3.400 m

Page 1 of 12
 Active Pressure Passive Pressure
Pa = 0.5*ɣ * H2 * Ka*c.o.c Pp = 0.5*ɣ* h2 * Kp*c.o.c
1.8303 t 4.1183 t
Paq = q* Ka*H*c.o.c
0.2040 t

keliling lingkaran =
Ø pipe = 0.0486 m
s= 0.1526 m

( Passive pressure ) Pp Pa + Paq ( Active pressure )

c.o.c = 0.5 m
Figure of pipe analysis center to center of pipe (c.o.c) = 0.5 m
tan δ2 = 0.25 (steel with sand, gravel mix with mud or silt)
II. CHECK THE VERTICAL FORCE
ΣV=0
Pa*tan δ2 + Paq*tan δ2 - Pp*tan δ2 = Q
0.4575833333 + 0.051 - 1.0295625 = Q
Q= -0.5210 ton
Since the result of Q = (-), the pulled force is covered by passive pressure

III. CHECK THE HORIZONTAL FORCE

Passive pressure ≥ Active pressure Paq= 0.20 t
Pp ≥ Pa + Paq
4.1183 ≥ 2.0343 ton OK Pa = 1.83 t
Pp = 4.12

Q
IV. CHECK THE CAPACITY OF PIPE
A. SHORING WALL Material properties of pipe support
L = 1.7 m D thk pipe= 0.28 cm
0.2 m y= 1.5 m q*Ka*c.o.c Ø pipe = 4.86 cm
x

ɣ * L * Ka.c.o.c Properties of pipe

A Fy = 2400 kg/cm2
Ix = 10.6059 cm4 = 1.0605865344256E-07 m4
E = 2100000 kg/cm2 21000000 t/m2
C Sx = 0.0982 (d.outside4 - d.inside4) / d.outside
Sx = 4.3645536396 cm3
A= ɣ * L * Ka*coc = 0.538333333333334 ton/m Zx = 1.7* Sx = 7.41974118733958 cm3
B= ɣ * x * Ka*coc = 0.0633333333333337 ton/m σ DASAR = 1600 kg/cm2
C= (ɣ * L * Ka-ɣ *x* Ka)*coc = 0.475 ton/m T allowable = 0.58* σ DASAR = 928 kg/cm2
D= q*Ka*c.o.c = 0.06 t/m

Section 2 beam analysis

w1= D = 0.06 t/m w2
w2 = B = 0.063333333333 t/m
w1
L= 1.7 m

x
w1 0.06
= = 0.486486
Mmax+ = ( L2 (w1+w2/2)) / k w1 + w2 0.123333333333
Mmax+ = 0.0333 tm Interpolasi
Mmax+ = 3333.4184 kgcm k= 0.4864864865 - 0.3 7.91 - 7.89 + 7.91
0.4 - 0.3
k= 7.9472972973
Momen Nominal with LRFD Momen Nominal with ASD
φ*Mn ≥ 1.2*Mu φ*Mn ≥ 1.2*Mu
0.9*Zx*Fy ≥ 4000.10202347 0.667*Sx*Fy ≥ 4000.102
16026.64096 ≥ 4000.10202347 OK 6913.4529651 ≥ 4000.102 OK (Mmax+)

Deflection maximum of pipe

fmax = (5*w1*x4 )/(384*E*I) + (5*w2*x4 )/(768*E*I)
fmax = 0.0029 + 0.00154622044853611
fmax = 0.0045 m
0.4476 cm 1 pipe
0.2238 cm 2 pipe
Deflection max ≤ H/360
0.0022380 ≤ 0.00472 m OK

Shear force
Q max = L * ( 3*w1 + 2*w2 ) / 6
0.086888888889 t/m2
τ max = 16 ( D2 + Dd +d2) Qmax
3 π ( D 4 - d4 )
τ max = 66.29080628084 ton/m2 2 pipe
6.629080628084 kg/cm2 D= 4.86 cm = 0.0486 m
τ max = 3.314540314042 kg/cm2 1 pipe d= 0.28 cm = 0.0028 m
τ max < T allowable
3.314540314 < 928 OK

B. PIPE SUPPORT AND HORIZONTAL PIPE

Psupport 2

Page 2 of 12
 Psupport 2

Section 2
B Re = x (3D + B ) / 6
0.0081111111 ton convert to distribution load = q = Re = 0.00811111111111117= 0.016222 ton/m
D c.o.c 0.5
e A' RA' = x (3D + 2B ) / 6
0.0868888889 ton convert to distribution load = q3 = Re = 0.0868888888888891 = 0.173778 ton/m
x c.o.c 0.5

Re RA'

Horizontal pipe

q q1

Psupport 1 horizontal Psupport 1 horizontal

Horizontal pipe
Psupport 1 horizontal = q*L/2
Psupport 1 horizontal = 0.0162222222 ton
M1 = q1 L2
8
M1 = 0.0162222222222223 4
8
M1 = 0.00811111111111117 ton.m
M1 = 811.111111111117 kg.cm
Moment
φ*Mn kg.cm > 1.2*M1 ( kg.cm )
0.9*Zx*Fy = 16026.6409646535 > 973.33333333334 OK
0.667*Sx*Fy = 6913.453 > 973.33333333334 OK
Deflection
(5*q1*L4 )/(384*E*I) < L/360 ( meter )
0.0015174126678427 < 0.00555555555555556 OK
Shear force
T allowable = 928 kg/cm2 9280 ton/m2
Q=0.5*q1*L τ max < T allowable
0.016222222 12.37654439514 < 9280 OK
PIPE SUPPORT
Psupport 1 horizontal
Psupport 1

tan α = 1.5
2.13 1.5 1.5
α= 45.0000 0
α β= 45.0000 0
1.5 Cos β = 0.71
Sin β = 0.71
B

β A = Psupport x Sin β
Psupport 1 horizontal B = Psupport x Cos β
A

A1 = Psupport 1 horizontal x Sin β

0.0115 ton

Lk =Ls= 2.13 m
Imin = 1.69 * P * Lk2 ( with safety factor, n = 3.5 )
Imin = 0.0880 cm4
use Pipe dia 48.6 thickness 2.8 mm
I= 10.6059 cm4
I min < I use
0.0880 < 10.6059 OK
Control the capacity of pipe
F = 4.0267 cm2 ( area )
imin = (Imin / F)0.5
1.6229 cm
λ = Lk / imin
131.2451 ( cek kelangsingan batang )
λ < 200 ( syarat kelangsingan batang )
131.2451 < 200 OK

Page 3 of 12
 Mmax = B*L

B1 = Psupport 1 horizontal x Cos β

0.01147084334 ton
Mmax = 0.02443289631 ton
24.4328963126 kg
Moment
φ*Mn kg.cm > 1.2*M1 ( kg.cm )
0.9*Zx*Fy = 16026.6409646535 > 29.3194755751192 OK
0.667*Sx*Fy = 6913.453 > 29.3194755751192 OK

Shear force
T allowable = 928 kg/cm2 9280 ton/m2
Q=P τ max < T allowable
0.011470843 8.751538469463 < 9280 OK

Page 4 of 12
V CHECK THE CAPACITY OF PLYWOOD Plywood

Material properties of plywood h= 1.8 cm

Wooden quality = 2
Thick (h) = 1.8 cm b = 100 cm b = 100 cm
Ix = 1/12 x b x h3 = 48.6 cm4
Momen netto, Wx= 1/6 x b x h2 = 54 cm3 σ lt = 100 kg/cm2
E= 100000 kg/cm2 σ lt = 0.75 * 100
75 kg/cm2
q3 0.1738 t/m
1.7377777778 kg/cm

x= 0.5 m

RB' RB'
Mmax = 1/8 * q3 * x2
0.0054 tm 543.0556 kg.cm
1.2 * Mmax / Wn ≤ σ lt * safety factor safety factor = 5/6 Unprotected construction but timber can be dry fast
1.2 * Mmax / Wn ≤ σ lt * (5/6)
12.06790123457 ≤ 62.5 OK (kg/cm2)
Deflection :
fmax = (5*w*x4 )/(384*E*I)
0.02909891308 cm
x / 400 ≥ fmax
0.125 ≥ 0.0290989130848957 OK cm

Page 5 of 12
 Calculation of Shoring AR 9

Section of Shoring wall u-ditch

Height of Retaining Wall (H) = 2.70 m ( Highest )

Prepared By:

Aang M Iqbal

Fig. 1. Shoring
Soil Data
(TEP-900-SDY-CV-BP4-0010 B04)
Soil 1 = Fill Material = φ1' = 30 deg
c1 = 0 kPa
γ1 = 19 kN/m3
Soil 2 = Soft Soils = φ2' = 20 deg
c2 = 6 kPa
γ2 = 19 kN/m3

Pipe Support distance (DP) = 1 m

Thickness of slab (h) = 0.20 m
Unit weight of concrete (γc) = 24.53 kN/m3
External load from Slab q = 4.91 kN/m2
A
* Note : Active Pressure
F's location is assumption Soil 1 = Fill Material
0.5

A1
O'
F
2.70

2.20

A2

σ'a C
Dredge Line Soil 2 = Soft Soil
Passive Pressure
Pa
Soil 2 = Soft Soil
L1

z
D

D γ ( Kp - Ka)
L2

σ'p
E
B

Pressure Diagram

The shoring protection use double shoring pipe with 2 pipe support which hold the double shoring pipe. First assumption is the resultant force of the shoring support is located
in the middle of distance between the two pipe support, and the first calculation will consider one force from the pipe support

Pressure
Ka1 = 〖𝑡𝑎𝑛〗 ^2 (45 − 𝜑′/2) = 0.33

Ka2 = 〖𝑡𝑎𝑛〗 ^2 (45 − 𝜑′/2) = 0.49

Kp1 = 〖𝑡𝑎𝑛〗 ^2 (45+ 𝜑′/2) = 2.04

Kp1 - Ka2 = 2.04 - 0.49

= 1.55

Consider the distance between double shoring pipe which be installed, the amount of Kp and Ka under the excavation is to be reduced, due to the gap between pipe.
Below Excavation
Kp1 = 1/2 *2.04
= 1.02
Ka2 = 1/2*0.49
= 0.25
Kp1 - Ka2 = 1.02 - 0.25
= 0.77
 σ'a = q.Ka1 + ( γ1.H.Ka1)
= 4,91 * 0,33 + 1/2 * ( 19*2,70*0,33 )
= 18.74 kN/m²
L1 = σ'a / γ ( Kp - Ka )
= 18,74/ ( 19* 0,77)
= 1.27 m
Pa = q.Ka1.H + 1/2 ( γ1.H2.Ka1) + 1/2 σ'a.L1
= 4,91 * 0,33*2,70 + 1/2 * ( 19*2,70^2*0,33 ) + 1/2 * 18,74*1,27
= 39.42 kN/m
z = ∑MD
P
= q.Ka1.H ( L1 + 1/2 H ) + 1/2 ( ɣ.H2.Ka1)(1/3H+L1) + 1/2 ( σ'a L1) ( 2/3 L1)
P
=
4,91*0,33*2,70* ( 1,27 + 0,50 ) + 1/2 ( 19*2,70^2*0,33* ( 1/3*2,70+1,27 ) + 1/2 (18,74*1,27 ) * ( 2/3 * 1,27 ) / 39,42
= 1.82 m
To obtain the length of L2, the equilibrium of the shoring is located at the point of O'. ∑ horizontal forces = 0, and ∑ moment about O' = 0. Point O' is located at the level of F
( F is force from pipe suppport which hold the shoring ).

∑Mo' = - Pa (( H + L1) -(z + A1)) + 1/2 ( ɣ ( Kp - Ka) L22)(A2+L1+2/3L2)

= - 65.05631 + 7.359252 L22 * ( 3.47 + 0.67 L2 )
= - 65.05631 + 4.91 L23 + 25.56 L 22
L2 = 1.47 m
* = 6.21
use 1.47 m Due to soil condition on site when perform installation the shoring pipe
The minimal depth penetration is
D = (L1 + L2)
= ( 1,27+1,47)
= 2.75 m Due to soil condition on site when perform installation the shoring pipe
L2 ( New ) = 1.47 m After add safety factor ( D - L1 )
The Force from pipe support ( with the first assumption that the F is only one and located in center of retaining wall )
F = Pa - 1/2 ɣ' ( Kp - Ka) L22
= 39,42 - 1/2 * 19 *( 1,02 - 0,25 )* 1,47^2
= 23.43099 kN/m

Pa

A B C D E F
0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5

F/6 F/6 F/6 F/6 F/6 F/6

F divide 6 point = 4.8 kN/m Pp

Ra = Rb = Rc=Rd=Re=Rf = w L Material properties of pipe support
2 thk pipe= 0.28 cm
w = 2 R D D pipe = 4.86 cm
L d d pipe = 4.3 cm
= 19.2 kN/m2
per 0.15 m = 2.88 kN/m
2.93578 kg/cm
Mmax+ = w L2 Properties of pipe
8 Fy = 2400 kg/cm2
Mmax+ = 0.09 kNm Ix = 10.6059 cm4 = 1.06058653E-07 m4
917.431 kgcm E = 2100000 kg/cm 2
21000000 t/m2
Sx = 0.0982 (d.outside - d.inside ) / d.outside
4 4

Sx = 4.3645536396 cm3
Zx = 1.7* Sx = 7.4197412 cm3
σ DASAR = 1600 kg/cm2
T allowable = 0.58* σ DASAR = 928 kg/cm2
 VERTICAL PIPE ( BLUE COLOUR )
A CEK MOMEN
LRFD
φ*Mn ≥ 1.2*Mu
0.9*Zx*Fy ≥ 1100.917 kgcm
16026.64096465 ≥ 1100.917 kgcm OK

ASD
1.667*Sx*Fy ≥ Mmax+
1.667*Sx*Fy ≥ 917.431
17493.13098756 ≥ 917.4312 kgcm OK

B DEFLECTION
5 w L4 ≤ H
384 E I 360
0.010726965259 ≤ 0.138889 cm OK

C SHEAR
Q= w L
2
Q= 2.94 50
2
Q= 73.3945 kg R = 2.9357798165 0.5
2
τ max = 16 ( D2 + Dd +d2) Q 0.7339449541
3 π ( D4 - d4 )
τ max = 1008.1216 x 73.3945
2034.77090719
τ max = 36.363099 kg/cm2

τ max < τ allowable

36.36 < 928 kg/cm2 OK

HORIZONTAL PIPE ( BROWN COLOUR )

Point load on horizontal pipe
w L
B1 =
2 B1 B1
2.88 x 0.5
B1 =
2
B1 = 0.72 kN
As distributed load
Number of point load = 1 + 1
0.15
8 point
w = 8 x 0.72
1
w = 5.760 kN/m
w= 5.760 kN/m
w= 5.87156 kg/cm

Mmax+ = w L2
8
Mmax+ = 0.72 kN/m
7339.45 kg/cm

CEK MOMEN
φ*Mn ≥ 1.2*Mu
0.9*Zx*Fy ≥ 8807.339 kgcm
16026.64096465 ≥ 8807.339 kgcm OK

0.667*Sx*Fy ≥ 8807.34
6986.77746629 ≥ 8807.339 kgcm Not OK
CHECK THE CAPACITY OF PLYWOOD
Material properties of plywood 1.8 cm
Wooden quality = 2
Thick (h) = 1.8 cm 50 cm
Length ( b )= 50 cm ( Divide the load per 0.5 m )
Ix = 1/12 x b x h3 = 24.3 cm4
Momen netto, Wx= 1/6 x b x h2 = 27 cm3
E = 100000 kg/cm2
E = 0.75 x 100000
E = 75000 kg/cm2
σ lt = 100 kg/cm2
σ lt = 0.75 x 100
σ lt = 75 kg/cm2
w = 2.93578 kg/cm

L= 15 cm

Mmax = w L2
8
Mmax = 2.94 225
8
Mmax = 82.568807 kgcm

1.2 * Mmax ≤ σ lt * safety factor

Wx
1.2 82.56881 ≤ 75 x 5
27 6
3.669724770642 ≤ 62.5 OK
Deflection :
5 w L4 ≤ H
384 E I 360
0.001061841658 ≤ 0.041667 cm OK
PERHITUNGAN KAPASITAS DOUBLE FIXED COUPLER UNTUK PENCABUTAN PIPA SHORING

A. Perhitungan Gaya Tarik

Adhesi cA = 1.25 t/m2

Kedalaman tiang tertanam L = 2m
Diameter pipa R = 48.6 mm = 0.0486 m
Daya tarik ijin Tult = cA 2 π R L
= 1.25 2 3.14 0.0486 2
= 0.76302 ton
B. Perhitungan Kekuatan Double Fixed Coupler

Minimal Slip Load = 12.5 KN

= 1.27421 ton

Minimal Slip Load ≥ Daya Tarik ijin ( Tult )

1.27420998980632 ≥ 0.76302 ton OK
 30.89
82.838
314.837
428.565
471.4215
707.1323