ESIA-Coffee - Processing Plant

ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL
IMPACT ASSESSMENT
FOR
THE PROPOSED COFFEE PROCESSING PLANT IN NALUKOLONGO VILLAGE,
RUBAGA PARISH, RUBAGA COUNTY, RUBAGA DIVISION, KAMPALA DISTRICT
Submitted by: Prepared by:

Karaz Coffee Factory Ltd Mberonie Solutions Limited
Block 17, Plot 133, Musigula Street, Plot 45, Kireka-Kamuli Road
Nalukolongo Off Kampala-Masaka Road Maria Tusabire Building
P.O. Box 36533 Kampala - Uganda P.O Box 22122, Kampala-Uganda
Tel: +256 772 702493, +256 701 702493 Tel: +256-700-984-929
Email: karazcoffeefactory@gmail.com Email: mberoniesubmissions.360@gmail.com
November, 2022
CERTIFICATION
The Environmental and Social Impact Assessment for the proposed Expansion of Karaz Coffee Factory
operations and production capacity located off Kampala-Masaka road in Nalukolongo
Industrial area, Musigula street,, Nalukolongo Village, Rubaga Parish, Rubaga County,
Rubaga Division, Kampala District was conducted and an Environmental and Social Impact Assessment
prepared.
The details of the practitioners as well as contributing authors are illustrated in the table below.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT AUTHORS

NAME DESIGINATION SIGNATURE
Dr. Paul Kijobo Musali Team Leader
Ddibya Ronald Team Member
Contributing authors
Kazibwe Alex Environmental Specialist
Kalanzi Musa Industrial Chemist
Peter Atukwatsibwe Air quality and noise assessment
Tugume Moses Environmental engineer
Vincent Yiga Occupational Health and Safety
ii
Environmental & Social Scoping Report & Terms of Reference for Gayaza Electronic
Works Limited Refrigerators Manufacturing and Television Sets Assembling Plant
CONTENTS
CONTENTS .......................................................................................................................... i
LIST OF FIGURES .............................................................................................................. iv
LIST OF TABLES ................................................................................................................ iv
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...................................................................................................... v
1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................... 1
1.1 Background .......................................................................................................... 1
1.2 Project overview and justification .......................................................................... 3
1.3 Purpose of the Scoping exercise ............................................................................ 3
1.4 Objectives of the ESIA ........................................................................................... 3
1.5 Scope of the study ................................................................................................. 4
1.5.1 Spatial Boundaries ......................................................................................... 4
1.5.2 Temporal Boundaries ..................................................................................... 5
1.6 Methodology .......................................................................................................... 5
1.6.1 The ESIA process ........................................................................................... 5
1.6.2 Literature review ............................................................................................ 6
1.6.3 Site reconnaissance visit ................................................................................ 7
1.6.4 Stakeholder consultation ............................................................................... 7
1.6.5 Preliminary impact identification .................................................................... 7
1.6.6 Baseline ......................................................................................................... 7
1.6.7 Assessment of effects ..................................................................................... 8
2 THE PROPOSED PROJECT ........................................................................................ 10
2.1 Site Location and accessibility ............................................................................. 10
2.2 Project components ............................................................................................. 12
2.3 Project Activities .................................................................................................. 12
2.3.1 Feeding Area ................................................................................................ 12
2.3.2 First Pre-cleaner........................................................................................... 13
2.3.3 Drier ............................................................................................................ 13
2.3.4 Fun pre-cleaner............................................................................................ 13
2.3.5 De-stoner ..................................................................................................... 13
2.3.6 Grader ......................................................................................................... 13
2.3.7 Gravimetric sorting/ Gravity table ................................................................ 14
2.3.8 Colour sorter ................................................................................................ 14
2.3.9 Weighing and Packaging area ....................................................................... 14
2.4 Utilities and Services ........................................................................................... 14
2.4.1 Fire and Extinguishers Emergency ............................................................... 15
2.4.2 Energy Use and Supply ................................................................................ 15
i
Environmental & Social Scoping Report & Terms of Reference for coffee processing
plant
2.4.3 Water and Sanitation ................................................................................... 15
2.4.4 Waste Management ...................................................................................... 15
2.4.5 Security ....................................................................................................... 16
2.5 Decommissioning stage ....................................................................................... 16
2.6 Project Approvals ................................................................................................ 17
3 LEGAL, REGULATORY AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK....................................... 18
3.1 Policies, Laws and Regulations ............................................................................ 18
3.2 Environmental, Health, and Safety General Guidelines ....................................... 34
3.3 Institutional framework ....................................................................................... 35
Ministry of Gender, Labour & Social Development ...................................................... 36
4 EXISTING ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITIONS OF THE PROJECT
AREA ................................................................................................................................ 38
4.1 Project area and general land use........................................................................ 38
4.2 Bio-physical and Socio-economic and cultural environment ................................ 41
4.2.1 Physical Environment .................................................................................. 41
4.2.2 Biological Environment ................................................................................ 43
4.3 Socio-economic and cultural environment ........................................................... 46
4.3.1 Administrative framework ............................................................................ 46
4.3.2 Population and Demographics Characteristics ............................................. 46
4.3.3 Literacy ........................................................................................................ 47
4.3.4 Ethnic Composition...................................................................................... 47
4.3.5 Land Use and Land Tenure .......................................................................... 47
4.4 Economic Activities, Income Sources and Employment ....................................... 48
4.5 Settlement Patterns, Nature and Type of Buildings.............................................. 49
5 STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATION ............................................................................... 56
5.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................ 56
5.2 Overview of the Public Consultation Process ....................................................... 56
5.3 Objectives of Consultation ................................................................................... 56
5.4 Identification of Stakeholders .............................................................................. 58
5.5 Consultation Activities ............................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
5.6 Consultation Findings ......................................................................................... 59
6 IMPACT IDENTIFICATION, ASSESSMENT AND MITIGATION ..................................... 64
6.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................ 64
6.2 Positive impacts of the proposed project .............................................................. 64
6.3 Negative environmental and social impacts ......................................................... 67
6.3.1 Decommissioning phase impacts ................................................................ 120
7 ESIA REPORT STRUCTURE ..................................................................................... 121
7.1 Content of the proposed ESIS............................................................................ 121
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8 PROJECT ALTERNATIVES ....................................................................................... 123
8.1 Action point ...................................................................................................... 123
8.2 No Action Option (No Project Alternative) ........................................................... 124
9 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MONITORING AND MANAGEMENT PLAN .............. 125
9.1 Environmental and Social Management and Monitoring Plan ............................ 125
10 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MONITORING PROGRAMME .............................. 126
10.1 Monitoring ..................................................................................................... 126
10.2 Institutional Arrangements ............................................................................ 126
10.3 Coffee Processing site Instruction Entries ...................................................... 127
10.4 Supervising Environmentalist’s Site visits and Dairy Entries ......................... 127
10.5 Method Statements ........................................................................................ 127
10.6 Record Keeping .............................................................................................. 128
10.7 Communication and Progress Reports ........................................................... 128
10.7.1 Routine Reports ...................................................................................... 128
10.7.2 Emergency/Environmental Response ..................................................... 128
10.8 Who monitors and how: ................................................................................. 129
10.9 Closure and Decommissioning ....................................................................... 130
10.10 Restoration .................................................................................................... 130
11 REFERENCES ...................................................................................................... 131
12 APPENDIX ............................................................................................................ 132
Appendix A: Consultation List ..................................................................................... 132
Appendix B: Land Title ................................................................................................ 133
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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1-1: Summary of ESIA process in Uganda ........................................................................ 6

Figure 2-1: Location of the project area ........................................................................................... 11
Figure 2-2: Feeding area (Sieve plate and hopper) ..................................................................... 13
Figure 2-3: Coffee processing plant set up ..................................................................................... 14
Figure 2-4: Power source at the project site .................................................................................. 15
Figure 4-1: Google map portraying the site location with its bordering areas/features
.............................................................................................................................................................................. 39
Figure 4-2: Google map showing the boundary of the proposed site ................................ 40
Figure 4-3: Immediate Community neighbouring the proposed site ................................ 53
LIST OF TABLES
Table 3-1: Policies, Laws and Regulations ..................................................................................... 18

Table 3-2: Key institutions that have an interest in the project and those in charge
of issuance of approval and permits .................................................................................................. 35
Table 4-1: Population distribution and household size by Division in Kampala ........ 46
Table 4-2: Income classes within Kampala .................................................................................... 49
Table 4-3: Distribution of Kampala’s main type of house construction materials (%)
.............................................................................................................................................................................. 50
Table 4-4: Distribution of Schools in Kampala District ........................................................... 54
Table 4-5: Number of Health Facilities in Districts by ownership status, 2012/13 . 54
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Uganda’s economy is agricultural-based accounting for 24% of GDP and employing over 70%
of the population. Ugandan coffee sub-sector employs over 5 million people, both in the farms
and post-harvesting processes. And it remains a major source of income for the poor rural
inhabitants in over 30 Districts. Majorly two types of coffee are grown namely: Arabica and
Robusta. Coffee is generally cultivated in the southern and central districts (57%), Eastern
Uganda (23%) and Western Kasese (10%) and to a lesser extent, in non- traditional areas like
Mpigi, Wakiso, and Rakai (10%) (Verter et al., 2015). According to Uganda Coffee Development
Authority, (2019) coffee is the largest contributor to exports in Uganda, for which Financial
Year 2017/18 it stood at US$ 492 million, representing 16% of total exports.
The market for coffee is assured, sustainable and the demand for good quality coffee is
increasing. Currently, global demand for coffee stands at about 150 million bags against 148
million bags in exports, signifying a deficit of 3.3 million bags. Given the untapped production
potential, Uganda has a rare opportunity to benefit from increasing both the volume and
quality of its coffee to supply this increasing demand. In order to reap the economic benefits
from coffee production and attain the Government’s goal of middle-income status and vision
2040, it is recommended that good agronomic and post-harvest practices be applied by all
categories of farmers, processors and traders. These include acquiring good planting material,
adopting proper husbandry, carrying out good post-harvest handling and engaging in coffee
production as a business.
Karaz Coffee Factory Ltd (herein referred to as the “developer”) intends to expand on the
factory operations and production capacity through installation of new state of the art
equipment and facility rehabilitation. The developer is incorporated with a focus on value
addition to coffee (secondary processing), Uganda being one of the biggest coffee beans
exporters in Africa and world market. Over 95% of the Uganda’s total annual coffee
production is exported as green beans. The developer currently operates a coffee processing
plant located off Kampala-Masaka road in Nalukolongo Industrial area at plot 133, Musigula
Street, in Nalukolongo Village, Rubaga Parish, Rubaga County, Rubaga Division, Kampala
District. The proposed site is geo-referenced at 0.295185°N, 32.5442566°E; 0.29476°N,
32.5433849°E; 0.2954383°N, 32.5434616°E and 0.295476°N, 32.543368°E.
The Developer uses advanced technology in coffee processing with the aim to be a leading
coffee processing company in the East and Central African region dealing in coffee value
addition (secondary processing) among others for both local and regional markets producing
30 tonnes per day. The developer provides market to coffee farmers across the country pitched
at providing quality and stable supply of coffee products. The coffee processing plant employs
a dry process.
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plant
The land on which the proposed project is to be undertaken is 0.49 Ha and owned the
developer (refer to Appendix B). In addition to the coffee processing plant, the project site
houses a weigh bridge and a store dealing in agricultural produce (Bungoma Stores). There
is also a transformer within the project site. The site has already built-up structures hence
there are no sensitive species (plants and animals) as per IUCN RED List. The proposed site
is opposite Bukoola Factory in the East, a garage in the North, an unlined drainage channel
in the north, Nalukolongo Market about 105 m west of the proposed site and other business
building in the east along Musigula street.
The developer is already in operation and did not carry out an Environmental and Social
Impact Assessment before establishment of the facility.
This project like any other development is anticipated to result in direct and indirect impacts
on the bio-physical and socio-economic environment. It is a requirement under the National
Environment Act, 2019, that the developer of a project whose activities are likely to have an
impact on the environment undertakes an Environmental and Social Impact Assessment
(ESIA) prior to its implementation, so that adverse impacts anticipated from the proposed
project can be eliminated or mitigated. The developer saw it necessary to comply with this
requirement and other relevant laws and regulations of Republic of Uganda.
The main purpose of the ESIA is to evaluate the project and to determine whether the project
can proceed without unacceptable environmental and social impacts. This is achieved by
identifying any potentially significant impacts as well as risks that could occur due to project
implementation and propose feasible and cost-effective mitigation measures.
The developer therefore has prepared this document as the second output of the ESIA
process. It aims at providing an overview of the proposed project, a description of the
Environmental and Social Baseline conditions of the proposed sites and identification of
potential impacts of the projects. It also provides an outline of supporting studies and
consultation strategy that were undertaken to address the identified environmental, social,
health and safety issues of the proposed project.
The developer understands that it is a government policy and a legal requirement that an
Environment and Social Impact Assessment (EIA) has to be carried out for any projects listed
under schedule 5 of the National Environment Act 5 of 2019 so that any negative impacts
can be minimized and/or eliminated. The proposed coffee processing project requires to
undergo through an Environmental and Social Impact Assessment process and prepare an
Environmental and Social Impact Statement; given that it is listed under Schedule 5,
Section 7 (c) Milling facilities with a capacity of at least 1000kilograms per day,
including for grains, cereals, pulse feeds and other agro-products.
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It is against this background that the developer contracted Mberonie Solutions Limited to
undertake an Environmental and Social Impact Assessment for the proposed project so as to
identify and assess potential environmental and social impacts as well as risks that could
prevail as a result of project implementation and evaluate project alternatives and propose
feasible as well as cost-effective mitigation measures and prepare an Environmental and
Social Management and Monitoring Plan.
Positive Impacts
The implementation of the proposed project will contribute towards the development of
Nalukolongo Village, Rubaga Parish and the entire Rubaga Division. Some of the positive
impacts that are expected to contribute to the development of these areas are:
• Economic-investment hence increases in wealth of the area;

• The development will make the most economic use of the land;
• Improvement in the coffee market within the country and the region;
• Provision of income to service providers that will be servicing the site with different
products and services.
• Provision of tax revenue to central government;
• Provision of direct and indirect employment opportunities;
• Diversification of the local economy and support of ancillary services such as
Industrial engineering, mechanic and other businesses; and
Negative Impacts
The negative impacts on the environment will also manifest during the pre-establishment and
establishment (Planning and Construction), operational and possible decommissioning
phases of the plant.
Rehabilitation Phase
• Dust and noise generation
• Effects of generated solid waste including debris, packaging

• Risk of contaminated soil
• Injury to workers on site
• Impact to public health
• Traffic congestion and interference along community access road
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Operation Phase
• Impacts on public health
• Risk of fire
• Noise and dust generation

• Impacts from poorly managed waste
• Occupational hazards
• Security issues
A decommissioning phase is possible in the event of closure by government agencies due to

noncompliance with environmental and health regulations, end of project life, an order by a
court of law due to non-compliance with existing regulations and change of user. Key
environmental and social concerns at this phase will be loss of livelihoods for the employees
and income to the proponent. The developer will prepare and submit a due diligence
decommissioning audit report to NEMA for approval at least 3 months in advance.
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1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background
Uganda’s economy is agricultural-based accounting for 24% of GDP and employing over 70%
of the population. Ugandan coffee sub-sector employs over 5 million people, both in the farms
and post-harvesting processes. And it remains a major source of income for the poor rural
inhabitants in over 30 Districts. Majorly two types of coffee are grown namely: Arabica and
Robusta. Coffee is generally cultivated in the southern and central districts (57%), Eastern
Uganda (23%) and Western Kasese (10%) and to a lesser extent, in non- traditional areas like
Mpigi, Wakiso, and Rakai (10%) (Verter et al., 2015). According to Uganda Coffee Development
Authority, (2019) coffee is the largest contributor to exports in Uganda, for which Financial
Year 2017/18 it stood at US$ 492 million, representing 16% of total exports.
The market for coffee is assured, sustainable and the demand for good quality coffee is
increasing. Currently, global demand for coffee stands at about 150 million bags against 148
million bags in exports, signifying a deficit of 3.3 million bags. Given the untapped production
potential, Uganda has a rare opportunity to benefit from increasing both the volume and
quality of its coffee to supply this increasing demand. In order to reap the economic benefits
from coffee production and attain the Government’s goal of middle-income status and vision
2040, it is recommended that good agronomic and post-harvest practices be applied by all
categories of farmers, processors and traders. These include acquiring good planting material,
adopting proper husbandry, carrying out good post-harvest handling and engaging in coffee
production as a business.
Karaz Coffee Factory Ltd (herein referred to as the “developer”) intends to expand on the
factory operations and production capacity through installation of new state of the art
equipment and facility rehabilitation. The developer is incorporated with a focus on value
addition to coffee (secondary processing), Uganda being one of the biggest coffee beans
exporters in Africa and world market. Over 95% of the Uganda’s total annual coffee
production is exported as green beans. The developer currently operates a coffee processing
plant located off Kampala-Masaka road in Nalukolongo Industrial area at plot 133, Musigula
street, in Nalukolongo Village, Rubaga Parish, Rubaga County, Rubaga Division, Kampala
District. The proposed site is geo-referenced at 0.295185°N, 32.5442566°E; 0.29476°N,
32.5433849°E; 0.2954383°N, 32.5434616°E and 0.295476°N, 32.543368°E.
The Developer uses advanced technology in coffee processing with the aim to be a leading
coffee processing company in the East and Central African region dealing in coffee value
addition (secondary processing) among others for both local and regional markets producing
30 tonnes per day. The developer provides market to coffee farmers across the country pitched
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at providing quality and stable supply of coffee products. The coffee processing plant employs
a dry process.
The land on which the proposed project is to be undertaken is 0.49 Ha and owned the
developer (refer to Appendix B). In addition to the coffee processing plant, the project site
houses a weigh bridge and a store dealing in agricultural produce (Bungoma Stores). There
is also a transformer within the project site. The site has already built-up structures hence
there are no sensitive species (plants and animals) as per IUCN RED List. The proposed site
is opposite Bukoola Factory in the East, a garage in the North, an unlined drainage channel
in the north, Nalukolongo Market about 105 m west of the proposed site and other business
building in the east along Musigula street.
The developer is already in operation and did not carry out an Environmental and Social
Impact Assessment before establishment of the facility.
This project like any other development is anticipated to result in direct and indirect impacts
on the bio-physical and socio-economic environment. It is a requirement under the National
Environment Act, 2019, that the developer of a project whose activities are likely to have an
impact on the environment undertakes an Environmental and Social Impact Assessment
(ESIA) prior to its implementation, so that adverse impacts anticipated from the proposed
project can be eliminated or mitigated. The developer saw it necessary to comply with this
requirement and other relevant laws and regulations of Republic of Uganda.
The main purpose of the ESIA is to evaluate the project and to determine whether the project
can proceed without unacceptable environmental and social impacts. This is achieved by
identifying any potentially significant impacts as well as risks that could occur due to project
implementation and propose feasible and cost-effective mitigation measures.
The developer therefore has prepared this document as the second output of the ESIA
process. It aims at providing an overview of the proposed project, a description of the
Environmental and Social Baseline conditions of the proposed sites and identification of
potential impacts of the projects. It also provides an outline of supporting studies and
consultation strategy that were undertaken to address the identified environmental, social,
health and safety issues of the proposed project.
The developer understands that it is a government policy and a legal requirement that an
Environment and Social Impact Assessment (EIA) has to be carried out for any projects listed
under schedule 5 of the National Environment Act 5 of 2019 so that any negative impacts
can be minimized and/or eliminated. The proposed coffee processing project requires to
undergo through an Environmental and Social Impact Assessment process and prepare an
Environmental and Social Impact Statement; given that it is listed under Schedule 5,
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plant
Section 7 (c) Milling facilities with a capacity of at least 1000kilograms per day,
including for grains, cereals, pulse feeds and other agro-products.
It is against this background that the developer contracted Mberonie Solutions Limited to
undertake an Environmental and Social Impact Assessment for the proposed project so as to
identify and assess potential environmental and social impacts as well as risks that could
prevail as a result of project implementation and evaluate project alternatives and propose
feasible as well as cost-effective mitigation measures and prepare an Environmental and
Social Management and Monitoring Plan.
The site has no sensitive species (plants and animals) as per IUCN RED List.
1.2 Project overview and justification
Over 95 % of Uganda’s total annual coffee production is exported as green beans. The
proposed coffee processing plant aims to add Value to coffee and produce quality coffee for
both domestic consumption and for export. This aligns with Uganda National Coffee Strategy
2040. This strategy aims at building the competitiveness of Uganda coffees. Ugandan coffee
has potential to improve its market performance and positioning making use of comparative
advantages. The establishment of this coffee processing plant is also in line with the vision of
National Coffee Policy, 2013, “To have a competitive, equitable, commercialised, profitable
and sustainable coffee subsector”.
1.3 Purpose of the Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA)
The purpose of the ESIA study was to ensure that the project is implemented in such a way
that there is little or no adverse impact on the biophysical, socio-economic and cultural
attributes of the environment of the proposed project area.
The National Environmental Act No. 5 of 2019 contains provisions for environmental
management and protection including the need to carry out ESIA for projects listed under
Schedule 5, Section 7 (c) Milling facilities with a capacity of at least 1000kilograms
per day, including for grains, cereals, pulse feeds and other agro-products.
1.4 Objectives of the ESIA
The main objective of the ESIA is to ensure adequate identification of potentially negative
environmental and social impacts. Secondly, to propose workable mitigation measures and
thirdly to formulate an environmental and social monitoring and management plan (ESMMP)
articulating envisaged impacts.
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The ESIA will ensure that all environmental and social concerns are integrated in all the
project development processes with an aim of managing all work hazards without
compromising the natural environment and the ecology of the area.
Specific objectives include;

• Generate baseline data for monitoring and evaluating how well the mitigation
measures are being implemented during the project cycle;
• Describe and analyse all the natural and socio-cultural elements and resources likely
to be affected by the project as well as the reasons for selecting the site;
• Describe the project and reasons for its choice among other possible solutions;
• Identify and evaluate the possible effects of the implementation of the project on the
natural and human environment;
• Identify the measures designed to avoid, mitigate or eliminate the adverse effects of
the project on the environment;
• Consult all project stakeholders and have their views incorporated to inform the
design and implementation of the project; and
• Design an environmental and social management and monitoring plan comprising
project and environmental and social monitoring mechanisms and the compensation
plan for the Potentially Affected People.
1.5 Scope of the study
The ESIA will consider the potential environmental and social effects of the project on
components of the physical, biological, and socio-economic environment that may be affected
by the project. The ESIA will also consider the environmental and social effects that could
occur during all phases of the project, including from credible accidents, malfunctions and
unplanned events that could occur. It will also consider any cumulative environmental and
social effects that are likely to result from the project in combination with other projects or
activities that have been or will be carried out. Finally, it will assess the significance of these
potential environmental and social effects.
Spatial and temporal boundaries will be developed for each valued environmental component
to identify and describe potential project-related environmental effects.
1.5.1 Spatial Boundaries
Spatial boundaries reflect the geographic range over which the project’s environmental and
social effects may occur. The spatial boundaries include the project development area, a local
assessment area, and a regional assessment area. The project development area is the area
of physical disturbance associated with the project (the “footprint” of the project) which is the
plot of land at Nalukolongo village. The local assessment area is the area within which
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potential direct and indirect environmental and social effects of the project are predicted to
occur. The regional assessment area considers the wider area within which cumulative
environmental and social effects may occur.
1.5.2 Temporal Boundaries
Temporal boundaries reflect the timeframe over which the project’s environmental and social
effects may happen. The temporal boundaries for this environmental and social impact
assessment will include the three phases of construction, operation and decommissioning,
reclamation and closure.
1.6 Methodology
1.6.1 The ESIA process

The scoping study is part of the ESIA process as defined by the National Environment
(Environmental and Social Impact Assessment) Regulations, 2020. The process is to be
guided by the EIA Guidelines of the National Environment Act, No. 5 of 2019. The figure below
shows the ESIA process in Uganda.
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DEVELOPER INPUTS/OUTPUTS
SUBMISSION OF NEMA forwards PB to relevant

PROJECT Lead Agencies
NEMA forwards PB to relevant Lead
BRIEF (PB) TO NEMA
SCREENIN
Agencies
SCREEN 1 SCREEN 2 SCREEN 3
G
Certificate of approval at PB stage

WHETHER WHETHER WHETHER
PROJECT IS PROJECT ADEQUATE
Scoping Stakeholder consultation on Scope
EXEMPT MUST HAVE MITIGATION
FROM EIA EIA MEASURES
TOR HAVE BEEN
STUDY
INCORPORATE NEMA, Lead Agencies & stakeholder

EIA
Review of terms of reference (TOR) D consultations on ToR
Detailed EIA study Public & Stakeholder consultations
Prepare EIA report Environment Impact Statement (EIS)
Review EIA NEMA, Lead Agency &

DECISION-MAKING
public/stakeholder comments on EIS

Reportof EIA
Approval
EIA Certificate of Approval
Decision on project
Records of Decision
Action by Developer
Figure 1-1: Summary of ESIA process in Uganda
1.6.2 Literature review
Project-related documents, legal and policy framework and institutional requirements among
others were reviewed among others to determine environmental sensitivities, social customs
and any other physio cultural resources that need to be taken into account during this ESIA
process.
Literature review is important in the scoping process to help;

• Determine project-specific compliance requirements,
• Identify key aspects (activities, operations, requirements) of the project and how they
are likely to adversely or positively impact the environment,
• Identify sensitive areas within the project area of influence;
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• Identify negative and positive impacts that the project is likely to have on its area of
influence; and
• Identify any management systems already built into the project design to minimize /
control impacts
• Obtain a clear understanding of the project
1.6.3 Site reconnaissance visit
The site visit was undertaken in the third week of September, 2022 to obtain an overview of
site-specific baseline characteristics, identify environmental sensitivities, identify if there are
any potentially affected persons.
1.6.4 Stakeholder consultation
Stakeholders were identified and consultations were conducted to document concerns raised
by the stakeholders regarding the proposed project and to identify issues to be investigated
during the detailed environmental and social impact study.
Comprehensive consultations were be made during the ESIA study at local, district and
national level.
1.6.5 Impact identification
Potential impacts were identified through a number of methods including review of related
documents, stakeholder consultation, and professional judgment through ESIA team
discussions.
1.6.6 Baseline
Environmental effects were be described in terms of the extent of change to the baseline
environment and is discussed in chapter four of this report and ESIA will expound on it.
Baseline assessment were undertaken using the existing data available and through
undertaking additional surveys. During the survey, resources and receptors likely to be
affected by the proposal were identified for each environmental topic and an appropriate
baseline determined in respect of these.
Resources are defined as the biophysical feature or item of “environmental capital” such as
elements of ecological, landscape or heritage value, watercourses, dwellings, places of
employment and community facilities. Receptors comprise human beings, either collectively
or individually, and the socio-economic system upon which they depend.
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1.6.7 Assessment of effects
Project activities were assessed against environmental and social baseline conditions in the
study area to identify the potential impacts. A rating criterion (based on nature, extent,
duration, magnitude and probability of occurrence of an impact) was then be developed and
used to evaluate the significance of the impacts so that relative comparisons between the
impacts could be done.
The evaluation of the significance of the impacts was done as follows:
1. Nature: whether the impact will be; negative (a ‘cost’ to the environment), or positive
(a ‘benefit’ to the environment).
2. Extent: whether the impact will be limited to the; (1) site (within the boundaries of
the site), (2) local (the area within a 5-km radius of the project site), (3) District, (4)
Regional, (5) National, or (6) International.
3. Duration: whether the lifetime of the impact shall be; (1) immediate (> 1 year), (2)
short term (1 – 5 years), (3) medium term (6 – 15 years), (4) long term (the impact will
cease when the operation stops) or (5) permanent (no mitigation measure of natural
process will reduce the impact after construction).
4. Magnitude: whether the impact will be; (2) minor (where the impact affects the
environment in such a way that natural, cultural and social functions and processes
are not affected), (4) low (where the impact affects the environment in such a way that
natural, cultural and social functions and processes are slightly affected), (6)
moderate (where the affected environment is altered but natural, cultural and social
functions and processes continue albeit in a modified way), (8) high (where natural,
cultural or social functions or processes are altered to the extent that they will
temporarily cease), or (10) Very high (where natural, cultural and social functions or
processes are altered to the extent that they will permanently cease).
5. Probability of occurrence: whether the likelihood of the impact that will occur is; (1)
improbable (the possibility of the impact materializing is very low as a result of design,
historic experience, or implementation of adequate corrective actions), (2) low
probability (there is a possibility that the impact will occur), (3) medium probability
(the impact may occur), (4) high probability (it is most likely that the impact will
occur), or (5) definite (the impact will occur regardless of the implementation of any
prevention or corrective actions).
6. Significance: Based on the above information, the potential impacts will be assigned
a significance weighting (S). This weighting will be formulated by adding the sum of
the numbers assigned to extent (E), duration (D) and magnitude (M) and multiplying
this sum by the probability (P) of the impact as follows: S = (E+D+M) P. The derived
significance weighting scale is given below:
8
plant
▪ (<30): Low (i.e., where this impact would not have a direct influence on the decision to
develop in the area),
▪ (30-60): Medium (i.e., where the impact could influence the decision to develop in the area
unless it is effectively mitigated).
▪ (>60): High (i.e., where the impact must have an influence on the decision process to
develop in the area).
Appropriate mitigation measures will then be designed to avoid, minimize or compensate for
the adverse environmental and social impacts as well as risks and inform the Environment
and Social Monitoring and Management Plan (ESMMP).
9
plant
2 THE PROPOSED PROJECT
2.1 Site Location and accessibility

The proposed project is located off Kampala-Masaka road in Nalukolongo Industrial area at
plot 133, Musigula Street, in Nalukolongo Village, Rubaga Parish, Rubaga County, Rubaga
Division, Kampala District. The proposed site is geo-referenced at 0.295185°N,
32.5442566°E; 0.29476°N, 32.5433849°E; 0.2954383°N, 32.5434616°E and
0.295476°N, 32.543368°E.
10
plant
Figure 2-1: Location of the project area
11
Environmental & Social Scoping Report & Terms of Reference for coffee processing plant
2.2 Project components
The developer deals in secondary processing also known as export grading which transforms the
clean coffee (FAQ) into the various coffee grades that meet the international standards. The
processing is solely a dry process (No water is utilized during the process). The proposed coffee
processing plant comprise of the following components:
• Feeding Area
• First Pre-cleaner
• Drier
• Settling tanks
• Fun pre-cleaner
• De-stoner
• Grader
• Gravity table
• Colour sorter
• Weighing and Packaging area
• Storage Area
2.3 Project Activities
The process involves cleaning the FAQ, drying the coffee if wet (M.C over 13 %) followed by size
grading using perforated screens of the desired size. The sorted beans are the gravimetrically
sorted to have uniform specific density before bagging off and loaded into containers for
transportation to the ports.
2.3.1 Feeding Area

The feeding area comprise of a sieve plate of considerable diameter (big enough to allow to allow
the FAQ bean to go through and small enough to retain particles bigger than FAQ bean) and a
hopper below the sieve plate. The FAQ (Fair Average Quality from various suppliers is fed onto
the sieve plate where particles bigger than FAQ beans are trapped and the FAQ beans and the
rest drop into the hopper.
12
Figure 2-2: Feeding area (Sieve plate and hopper)
2.3.2 First Pre-cleaner
The FAQ coffee collected from the various suppliers is of mixed quality depending on individual
suppliers’ storage and handling techniques. In the first pre-cleaner, dust and other lighter
impurities are removed.
2.3.3 Drier
The coffee is often wet (M.C > 14 %), the wet FAQ passes to a drier where it is dried to 12.5%
moisture content and then stored temporarily in the settling tanks.
2.3.4 Fun pre-cleaner
From the settling tank, the dried FAQ undergoes through fun pre-cleaner where the undesirable
impurities that are often lighter than the good beans like husk are removed.
2.3.5 De-stoner
Dry FAQ coffee then continues to a destoner where the denser stones are eliminated.
2.3.6 Grader
The cleaned coffee then passes to a grader, which consists of a box fitted with screens of various
sizes in descending order. The larger beans are retained on the required screen and pass to a
lateral exit. The cleaned FAQ is graded into three grades namely; screen12, screen 15 and screen
18.
13
2.3.7 Gravimetric sorting/ Gravity table
Although the sorted beans are now of the same size, they may vary in weight mainly due to poor
agronomic practices especially the harvesting of immature cherries. The coffee passes over a
gravity table where separation occurs at various points on the fluidized bed.
2.3.8 Colour sorter
Here separation of black coffee beans and green coffee bean takes place. The colour sorter uses
a compressor during its operation.
2.3.9 Weighing and Packaging area
The coffee is then weighed and then bagged in jute bags of 60 Kg and then moved into the storage
area.
Figure 2-3: Coffee processing plant set up
2.4 Utilities and Services

These will include;
• Water supply, Sewerage and Storm water drainage
The proposed site neighbours a water stream.
• Electro-Mechanical works
14
Electricity from the national grid is not available at the site however fuel generators will be used.
Three phase power supply, light fittings, all switches and sockets, power regulatory gadgets will
be provided and installed.
2.4.1 Fire and Extinguishers Emergency
A comprehensive fire-fighting system has been proposed that shall include a water sprinkler
system and Powder type Fire at convenient points. Water horse pipes of a given length connected
to a water pump receiving water from the storage tanks will be installed in the yard and the open
area.
2.4.2 Energy Use and Supply
Within the Project site, there is UMEME transformer which supply electricity to the plant.
Transformer
Figure 2-4: Power source at the project site
2.4.3 Water and Sanitation
Throughout the operations phase the site will be served by water-bone toilets which will be
emptied when full by a NEMA licensed faecal sludge waste handler.
2.4.4 Waste Management
A waste management plan will be drafted to manage the waste at the site. This will include
distribution and supply of rubbish bins within the blocks. Care will be taken to separate organic,
inorganic and sanitary and hazardous waste. Re-use/ recycling opportunities will be explored.
All waste especially the explosive waste shall be handled to the required standards particularly
in accordance with the National Environment (Waste Management) Regulations, 2020.
15
The design will provide for a central collection point from which the garbage collector can pick
the garbage. Used oil or oil contaminated waste from servicing and mechanical repairs shall be
classed as hazardous waste including explosive waste and a provision for hazardous waste
collection shall be installed at the main waste collection facility. All oil contaminated waste shall
be collected and transported by a NEMA licensed waste handler for this category of waste.
2.4.5 Security
The project site is fenced along the boundaries of the site. A licenced security company is hired
to provide security services both day and night to provide security services.
2.5 Decommissioning stage
At Closure, most of the Site infrastructure will be decommissioned and removed. The
decommissioning plan will be drafted and appended to the ESIA report.
16
2.6 Project Approvals
For full implementation of the project, the following pre-requisites will be met:
1) Approval designs by the Kampala Capital City Authority.

2) Workplace registration by ministry of gender labour and social development under the
department of Occupational Health and Safety.
3) Acquisition of NEMA EIA approval.
17
3 LEGAL, REGULATORY AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK
A summary of relevant national legislation is presented in Table 3-1 below;
3.1 Policies, Laws and Regulations
Table 3-1: Policies, Laws and Regulations
POLICY, LEGAL AND DESCRIPTION AND RELEVANCE

INSTITUTIONAL
FRAMEWORK
Policy Framework
The National Environment Management Policy for Uganda seeks to meet the following objectives:
The National
(i) Enhance the health and quality of life of all people in Uganda and promote long-term,
Environment
sustainable socio-economic development through sound environmental and natural
Management Policy,
resource management and use;
1994
(ii) Integrate environmental concerns in all development policies, planning and activities at
national, district and local levels, with full participation of the people;
(iii) Conserve, preserve and restore ecosystems and maintain ecological processes and life
support systems, especially conservation of national biological diversity;
(iv) Optimize resource use and achieve a sustainable level of resource consumption;
(v) Raise public awareness to understand and appreciate linkages between environment and
development; and
(vi) Ensure individual and community participation in environmental improvement activities.
18
The policy generally requires that projects or policies likely to have significant adverse
ecological or social impacts be subjected to an ESIA before their implementation. Developer
to carry out ESIA in consideration of the nature of the project in relation to its receiving
environment.
Uganda National The overall goal of the Policy is ‘to ensure an efficient, equitable and optimal utilization and
Land Policy, 2013 management of Uganda’s land resources for poverty reduction, wealth creation and overall
socioeconomic development’. One of the guiding principles of the Land Policy is ‘effective regulation
of land use and land development.
One of the objectives of this policy is to ensure planned, environmentally- friendly, affordable and
orderly development of human settlements for both rural and urban areas, including infrastructure
development.
The developer owns 0.49 Ha of land onto which the proposed project is to be established.
National Child This policy prohibits employment of children. Children are more prone to accidents at workplaces.
Labour policy, 2006 The policy defines child labour as work that is mentally, physically, socially and/or morally
dangerous and harmful to children. In addition, child labour is perceived as work or activities that
interfere with children's school attendance. Hazardous work which by its nature or the
circumstances under which it is performed jeopardizes the health, safety and morals of a child.
The developer therefore will strictly ensure that no employment of children to work during
the implementation of the proposed project.
19
The goal of this policy is to mainstream gender issues in the national development process in order
The National Gender
to improve the social, legal/civic, political, economic and cultural conditions of the people of Uganda,
Policy, 1997
particularly women. This Policy advocates for equitable inclusion of women in the workforce and also
requires provision of a work environment equally conducive to women as it is for men.
This Project will require labour during construction, operation and maintenance phases.
Women to be given equal opportunity as men.
This provides overall policy framework for national HIV/AIDS response. The National Policy on
The National AIDS Policy
HIV/AIDS recognizes special groups, which include migrant workers. The Policy recommends the
(2004)
need to identify strategies to address migrant workers in view of the challenges posed by mobility
and vulnerability to HIV. This is in line with the Constitution of the Republic of Uganda, 1995 Article
39. This Article creates the right to a clean and healthy environment, implying that workplace safety
and health (including prevention of HIV infection), is a basic right of every citizen. Under its General
Objective XIV, the State is committed to fulfilling the fundamental rights of all Ugandans to, among
others, social justice and economic development and shall, in particular, ensure that all
developmental efforts are directed at ensuring the maximum social and cultural well-being of the
people.
To ensure HIV/AIDS is addressed in the workplace, the policy encourages employee awareness and
education on HIV/AIDS. It is anticipated that during the construction phase, interactions among
workforce and between local communities may result into sexual fraternization and a risk of
HIV/AIDS spread. The policy also guides about HIV/AIDS management including awareness and
provision of condoms in workplaces.
Developer to mainstream HIV/AIDS during project implementation.
20
The policy is intended to ensure universal access to quality of the Uganda National Minimum Health
The Second Uganda
Care Package (UNMHCP) consisting of promotive, preventive, curative and rehabilitative and palliative
National Health Policy,
services for all prioritised diseases and conditions, to all people in Uganda, with emphasis on vulnerable
2010
populations.
This policy objective is to be attained by;
• Prioritising interventions that are proven effective against diseases targeted for control, elimination
or eradication, and in conjunction with the private sectors provide in an integrated manner
promotive, preventative, curative and rehabilitative services that have been proven effective, cost
effective and affordable
• Ensuring that all people in Uganda, both users and providers of health services, understand their
health rights and responsibilities through implementation of comprehensive advocacy,
communication and social mobilisation programs;
• Improving people’s awareness about health and related issues in order to bring about desired
changes in knowledge, attitudes, practices and behaviours regarding the prevention and control of
major health and nutrition problems in Uganda;
• Reinforcing responsible self-care, especially at primary care level, for selected health problems and
patient categories through carefully planned and evaluated pilot phases; and
• Reinforcing community health services.
The proposed project will be implemented as per this policy requirements.
In 'Vision 2040', concerning the environmental goals, Uganda aspires to have a sustainable social-
Vision Uganda, 2040
economic development that ensures environmental quality and the resilience of the ecosystem. The
elements of this aspiration, which should be taken into consideration is a Pollution-free, healthy and
beautiful environment where the developer intends to carry out environmentally friendly practices in
21
both the construction and operational phases of the plant to achieve a better visual impact for the land
in relation to a sustainable economic development of the area and the country at large.
Establishment of this coffee processing plant will take into consideration operational measures
that contribute to the achievement of Vision 2040.
The Investment code Act requires all project developers to ensure that all planned projects conform to
The Investment Code,
all existing national and international laws, regulations and guidelines. The Act is applicable in project
1991
implementation for it binds the developer to protect the environment and put in place monitoring
mechanism to evaluate compliance with established guidelines.
The vision of the National Agriculture Policy is “A Competitive, Profitable and Sustainable Commercial
National Agriculture
and Agriculture Sector”. The overall objective is to promote food and nutrition security and to improve
Policy, 2013
household incomes through coordinated interventions that will enhance sustainable agricultural
productivity and value addition; provide employment opportunities, and promote agribusinesses,
investments and trade.
Establishment of this coffee processing plant aims at adding Value to coffee, investments and
trade which are key objectives of this policy “to increase coffee production, value addition and
domestic coffee consumption”.
This policy aligns the major thrust areas of the sub-sector with the Vision 2040 that aspires to transform
National Coffee Policy,
Uganda’s agriculture sector and make it more productive, profitable and competitive. The policy
2013
addresses the critical areas aimed at increased production and productivity; improving coffee research;
extension; supporting and strengthening farmer organizations; streamlining and strengthening coffee
laws and regulations; promotion of value addition processes; and development of the domestic coffee
market. Establishment of this coffee processing plant aims at adding Value to coffee which is
22
one of the key components of this policy “to increase coffee production, value addition and
domestic coffee consumption”.
This strategy is aligned with Vision 2040, the recently launched National Development Plan 2015/16-
Uganda National Coffee
2020 (NDPII) and the draft Agriculture Sector Strategic Plan (ASSP) and includes targets and results
Strategy 2015/16 -
projected for the next 25 years. This strategy further aims at building the competitiveness of Uganda
2019/2020
coffees. Competitiveness will be built on the basis of productivity, quality and differentiation. Four
strategic pillars over five years have been identified to remove key binding constraints in the coffee
subsector. These strategic pillars are:
• Production and Productivity

• Quality and Value Addition
• Market Development and Intelligence
• Institutional Development and Accountability
Establishment of this coffee processing plant aims at adding Value to coffee. This strategy
clearly highlights what needs to be done at every level to enable the country exploit the
potential and consequently improve the livelihoods of the participating stakeholder.
Legal framework
The Constitution of The 1995 Uganda Constitution provides that every person has a right to own property (Section 26
Uganda, 1995 (1)) and that no person shall be compulsorily deprived of property or any interest in or right over
property without prompt payment of fair and adequate compensation, prior to the taking of
possession or acquisition of the property.
23
Article 237 (b) entrusts the central government or local government with the responsibility to hold
in trust for the people and protect, natural lakes, rivers, wetlands, forest reserves and any resources
to be reserved for ecological and tourism purposes for the common good of the Ugandan people.
Article 39 of the Constitution provides that every Ugandan has a right to a clean and healthy
environment.
The Constitution vests powers in the Parliament of Uganda to make laws regulating the exploitation of
minerals, sharing of royalties arising from mineral exploitation, conditions of payment of indemnities
arising out of exploitation of minerals and conditions regarding the restoration of derelict lands. The
Constitution further provides that all minerals are held by the government on behalf of Ugandans.
The implementation of this Project will be conducted in line with the appropriate safeguards
for environmental and social issues including laws regulating the exploitation of minerals.
The National This Act has provisions for environmental management and protection including the need to carry
Environment Act, out an Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) studies in connection with some
2019. No. 5 categories of projects that are likely to have significant impacts on the environment as contained in
its fifth Schedule. The purpose of environmental and social assessments is to evaluate
environmental and social impacts, risks or other concerns of a given project or activity, taking into
account the environmental principles set out in section 5(2) of this Act.
The proposed project is listed under Schedule 5 of the National Environment Act, No.5 of
2019, section 20 which require mandatory ESIA
The Land Act provides for tenure, ownership and management of land. Section 44 reiterates the
The Land Act, Cap.
Constitutional mandate for government or a local government to protect environmentally sensitive
227
areas for the common good of the people in Uganda.
24
Section 45 states that the use of land shall conform to the Town and Country Planning Act, now
replaced by the Physical Planning Act, 2010 and any other law.
Section 71 makes provision for the use and maintenance of existing rights of way as reserved to and
vested in the Government on behalf of the public.
Sections 76 - 77 makes provision for the jurisdiction of district land tribunals in matters of
computation of compensation of land and disturbance allowance in the event of land take.
The developer owns 0.49 Ha of land onto which the proposed project is to be established
Part I Section 6 (1) stipulates that notwithstanding any other law to the contrary; no person shall
The Water Act,
acquire or have a right to:
Cap.152 of 1995
(a) Use any water
(b) Construct or operate any works; or
(c) Cause or allow any waste to come into contact whether directly or indirectly with any water, other
than under the provision of this Part of the Act.
Section 31 of the Act provides for Prohibition of Pollution. Subsection 1 states that a person commits
an offence if, unless authorized under this Part of the Act, causes or allows;
• waste to come into contact with any water;
• waste to be discharged directly or indirectly into water;
• Water to be polluted.
Developer to take all precautions to avoid water source pollution

The Physical Planning Act, 2011 establishes district and urban physical planning committees,
The Physical
provides for making and approval of physical development plans and applications for development.
Planning Act, 2010
25
Section 37 of The Physical Planning Act, 2011 requires an EIA permit for developments before they
are implemented, stating: “Where a development application related to matters that require an
environmental impact assessment, the approving authority may grant preliminary approval subject
to the applicant obtaining an EIA certificate in accordance with the National Environment Act”
This Project is located within Kampala Capital City Authority and has to conform to
planning requirements prescribed by the Authority. ESIA is being conducted as part of the
requirements of this Act.
The Public Health

Section 79 of the Act provides for Certain matters not to be passed into sewers or drains. Subsection
Act, Cap. 281
1 states that no person shall throw, empty or turn, or suffer or permit to be thrown or emptied or
to pass, into any public sewer, or into any drain or private sewer connecting with a public sewer;
• any matter likely to injure the sewer or drain, or to interfere with the free flow of its contents,
or to affect prejudicially the treatment and disposal of its contents;
• any chemical refuse or waste steam, or any liquid of a temperature higher than one hundred-
and ten-degrees Fahrenheit, being refuse or steam which, or a liquid which when so heated, is,
either alone or in combination with the contents of the sewer or drain, dangerous, or the cause
of a nuisance, or prejudicial to health; or
• Any petroleum spirit, or carbide of calcium.
The developer will take all lawful, necessary and reasonable measures to ensure the general
public health safety in relation to any likely negative impacts that may arise as a result of
the project.
Employment Act, The act prescribes laws and provisions governing individual employment relationships and other
2006 connected matter
26
This Project will require workers during construction, operation and maintenance phases.
Worker’s employment will be governed by the provisions of this Act.
The Children’s Act, This is an Act to reform and consolidate the law relating to children; to provide for the care,
Cap 59 protection and maintenance of children; to provide for local authority support for children; to
establish a family and children court; to make provision for children charged with offences and for
other connected purposes.
Part II of the second schedule of this Act defines a child as a person below the age of eighteen years.
In the same schedule under Section 8 of this Act provides that no child shall be employed or engaged
in any activity that may be harmful to his or her health, education or mental, physical or moral
development.
The developer will conform to the requirements of this act not to employ child labour. The
developer will confirm the age of potential labourers prior to hiring through National
Identity card, birth certificate or confirming with LC and community elders.
Workers’ Generally, the Act provides for compensation to workers for injuries suffered and scheduled diseases
Compensation Act, incurred in the course of their employment. Section 4 of the Act provides for Compensation of fatal
2000 injuries. Section 5 provides for compensation of permanent total incapacity.
Under the Act, an employee is entitled to compensation for any personal injury from an accident or
disease arising out of and in the course of his or her employment even if the injury or disease
resulted from the negligence of the employee.
All project implementation activities will be subjected to the requirements of the Workers’
Compensation Act.
27
Occupational Safety Section 13 of the Act provides for the duty of employers to protect workers. Subsection 1 stipulates
and Health Act, 2006 that the responsibility of an employers is to;
• take as far as is reasonably practicable, all measures for the protection of his or her workers
and the general public from the dangerous aspects of the employer’s undertaking at his or
her own cost;
• ensure as far as is reasonably practicable, that the working environment is kept free from
any hazard due to pollution by employing technical measures, applied to new plant or
processes in design or installation, or added to existing plant or processes; and employ
supplementary organizational measures.
Section 14 provides for safety and health measures of employees. It specifies that an employer with
at least 25 workers at a workplace shall prepare, revise a written statement of policy with respect to
the safety and health of employees while at work; and bring the statement of policy and any revision
of it to the notice of all the employees.
Section 18 provides for the employer to monitor and control the release of dangerous substances
into the environment. It stipulates that where there is major handling of chemicals or any dangerous
substance which is liable to be airborne or to be released into rivers, lakes or soil and which are a
danger to the animal and plant life, it shall be the duty of the concerned employer to arrange for
equipment and apparatus to monitor the air, soil, and water pollution and to arrange for the actual
monitoring of these mediums, with a view of rendering them safe from the dangerous undertaking.
Section 19 provides for the employer to provide protective gear. It specifies that the employer shall
provide adequate and suitable protective clothing and protective equipment to the workers of his or
her undertaking where the level of air pollution and chemical substances in a working environment
exceed the exposure limits specified by an occupational hygienist.
28
Section 21 provides for the employer to supervise the health of workers. Subsection 1 stipulates
that every employ shall provide for the supervision of the health of workers exposed to or liable to
be exposed to the occupational hazards due to pollution and other harmful agents in the working
environment. The implementation of project activities will absorb adequate OHS of workers.
This Project will require to ensure safety and proper health of workers during the project
implementation. The developer shall abide by all provisions of this act.
An Act to repeal and replace the Uganda Coffee Development Authority Act, Cap. 325; to continue
The National Coffee Act,
in existence the Uganda Coffee Development Authority; to provide for the Uganda Coffee
2021
Development Authority; to regulate, promote and oversee the coffee subsector; to provide for the
Authority to regulate all on-farm and off-farm activities in the coffee value chain; to provide for a
coffee auction system; and for other related matters. The purpose of this Act is-
a) to facilitate the development of a competitive, participatory and sustainable coffee

subsector in accordance with the National Coffee Policy, 20 1 3;
b) to provide for the Uganda Coffee Development Authority to regulate, promote and oversee
the coffee subsector; and
c) to regulate all on-farm and off-farm activities in the coffee value chain.
The developer will conform to the requirements of this act
The Historical Monuments Act of 1967 provides for the preservation and protection of historical
Historical Monuments
monuments and objects of archaeological, paleontological, ethnographical and traditional interest
Act Cap 46, 1967
and for other matters connected therewith. This Act is enforced through the Ministry of Tourism,
amended in a Decree in
Wildlife and Antiquities mandated to maintain, conserve and sustain tourism, wildlife and cultural
1977
heritage of Uganda. It formulates and implements policies through the Department of Museums and
Monuments where it undertakes the following key functions: conservation and maintenance of
29
important physical cultural resources; provision of professional knowledge and information
regarding the archaeology and palaeontology of Uganda; monitoring the implementation of policies
and strategies of historical and cultural heritage conservation and development; promote public
awareness about cultural and natural heritage through formal and informal education.
This Act shall guide in management of chance finds and provide basis for awareness
sessions on chance finds, site preservation and reporting among others during project
implementation.
Section 18 of the Act specifies the depending on the agreement between the Authority and the
The Investment Code Act,
Investor, the investment license may contain the necessary steps to ensure that the operations of
Cap 92
his or her business enterprise do not cause injury to the ecology or environment.
The implementation of the project will ensure that all measures to mitigate potential
impacts are addressed effectively.
This Act aims at consolidating the orderly and progressive development of land, towns and other
The Town and Country
areas whether urban or rural. The Act provides for planning areas and regulation on compensation
Planning Act, 1964
regarding properties within planning areas among others.
The execution of the project will put forth the development of the project area. The land on
which the project is to be undertaken is owned by the developer.
Regulations
The National Regulation 5 provides for cleaner production methods. Sub-regulation (1) specifies that a person who
Environment (Waste owns or controls a facility or premises which generate waste shall minimize the waste generated by
Management) adopting the following cleaner production methods-
30
Regulations, S.I. No.
a) improvement of production processes through; conserving raw materials and energy, eliminating
49 of 2020
the use of toxic raw materials and reducing toxic emissions and wastes;
b) Monitoring the product cycle from beginning to.
c) end by; identifying and eliminating potential negative impacts of the product, enabling the recovery
and reuse of the product where possible and reclamation and recycling;
d) Incorporating environmental concerns in the design and disposal of a product.
Regulation 12 provides for duty to treat waste from industries. Sub-regulation 2 stipulates that a person
operating a factory, who discharges or disposes of any waste, whether treated or not, into a disposal
site or plant which is not approved or licensed in accordance with the Regulations commits an offence.
Provisions of these regulations will guide the management and monitoring of both solid
waste and wastewater generated within the coffee processing plant.
The National Regulation 10 provides for terms of reference for environmental and social impact assessment.
Environment
This report represents the findings for the ESIA studies
(Environmental &
Social Impact
Assessment)
Regulations, 2020
National These regulations are relevant to the Project as the operational activities may generate noise. The
Environment (Noise operation of other machinery especially during processing may also generate some levels of noise.
31
Standards & Control) This regulation explicitly makes the developer responsible for ensuring that noise levels are kept
Regulations, 2003 within acceptable limits during all stages of the project.
Regulation 4 provides for prohibition on the discharge effluent or waste. Sub-regulation 1 stipulates
The Water (Waste
that no person shall discharge effluent or waste on land or into the aquatic environment contrary
Discharge)
to the standards established by the Authority in consultation with the lead agency under section 26
Regulations, No. 32,
of the National Environment Act, 2019. No. 5 unless he or she has a waste discharge permit issued
1998
by the Director.
(Under Section 107 of
the Water Act, Cap The developer will put measures in place to mitigate improper management of waste.
152)
The Audit Regulations operationalize Section 3 (3)(c) of the Environment Act in which it is a
National
requirement for ongoing activities, which are likely to have environmental impacts to be subjected
Environment (Audit)
to an environmental audit in accordance with Section 22 of the Act. The regulation also
Regulations, 2020
operationalizes the Environmental Impact Assessment Regulation, in which it is a requirement to
follow up projects that carried out an EIA with an Audit in at least 12 months and at most within
three years after the commencement of the project.
The proposed project will therefore be subjected to environmental monitoring, reporting and
periodic environmental auditing in compliance with sections 22 and 23 of the National
Environment Act.
The draft National Air Quality Standards provide ambient air quality regulatory limits for various
Draft National Air
pollutants. The draft standards shall guide on project dust suppressions, related emissions and
Quality Standards,
planning on equipment utilized and maintenance regimes.
2013
32
The Regulations prescribe that those who contravene the sexual harassment related provisions
Employment (Sexual
commit an offence and are liable, on conviction, to a fine not exceeding six currency points or
Harassment)
imprisonment not exceeding three months or both.
Regulations, 2012
(S.I. 2012 No. 15) The project will employ both men and women. Where the sexual harassment related
provisions of the regulations are contravened with, punishment will be in line with the
regulations.
The Coffee Regulations, 1994. Regulation 5 Sub-Regulation 1 and 2 of these regulations prohibits anyone from marketing coffee by
carrying on the activities 5 (2) (a) to (f) without a valid registration certificate issued under these
Regulation.
These regulations contain the procedure of applying and acquiring a valid registration
certificate.
33
3.2 Environmental, Health, and Safety General Guidelines
The General EHS Guidelines are designed to be used together with the relevant Industry Sector
EHS Guidelines which provide guidance to users on EHS issues in specific industry sectors. They
are technical reference documents with general and industry-specific examples of Good
International Industry Practice (GIIP).
34
3.3 Institutional framework
Table 3-2: Key institutions that have an interest in the project and those in charge of issuance of approval and permits
Institution Description
National Environment The National Environment Act, No. 5 of 2019 establishes NEMA, a s the principal agency
Management Authority (NEMA) responsible for coordination, monitoring and supervision of environmental conservation
activities under sections 8 and 9. NEMA is under the Ministry of Water and Environment
(MWE) but has a cross-sectorial mandate to oversee the conduct of EIAs through issuance
of guidelines, regulations and registration of practitioners. It reviews and approves
environmental impact statements in consultation with any relevant lead agencies.
Subsequent to EIA approval, NEMA will monitor construction and post construction
operations, annual audit, inspect environmental records at the facility as well as
compliance to regulatory requirements on industrial operations, hazardous waste
management, solid waste, wastewater, and noise and air emissions.
Permits: EIA Certificate.
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Ministry of Gender, Labour & Occupational Safety and Health and social development are among the issues that fall under
Social Development the mandate of the Ministry. In collaboration with other stakeholders, MGLSD is responsible
for inspecting state of occupational safety, labour relations, community empowerment,
protection and promotion of rights and obligations of vulnerable groups for social protection
and gender-responsive development. MoGLSD has in-house socio-environmental staff and
therefore capacity to oversee safeguards requirements associated with this project.
MGLSD is a stakeholder in the Project and will be responsible for inspecting the project
for compliance with occupational health and safety regulations, national labour laws
and gender equity.
Certificate: certificate of workplace registration
Directorate of Water Resources Water resource management, protection and use regulation through issuing water use
Management (DWRM) abstraction, wastewater discharge permits, wastewater discharge, hydraulic works
construction, borehole drilling and easement certificates; water resource monitoring and
assessment.
Uganda Coffee Development Uganda Coffee Development Authority (UCDA) was established by an Act of Parliament 1991
Authority (UCDA) and amended in 1994, Cap. 325 under the laws of the Republic of Uganda.
UCDA is established as a public Authority and its mandate is to promote and oversee the
coffee industry by supporting research, promoting production, controlling the quality and
improving the marketing of coffee in order to optimize foreign exchange earnings for the
country and payments to the farmers. One of the functions of this Authority is to be
responsible for the overall supervision of the coffee sub-sector including related industries
and advise Government on coffee sub-sector policies.
UCDA is a stakeholder in the Project and will be responsible for supervising the project
for compliance with National and International Coffee regulations.
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Kampala District Local The project is within the jurisdiction of Nalukolongo Village, Rubaga Parish, Rubaga County,
Government Rubaga Division, Kampala District. District officials will be directly involved in monitoring the
implementation and operation of the project.
Permits:
• Structural development plans;
• Occupational permits for structures. / premise suitability
Ministry of Agriculture, Animal This is the main ministry responsible for policy direction and accountable of the agricultural
Industry and Fisheries sector.
Ministry of Trade, Industry and Is a Government Ministry responsible for promoting trade and industry and cooperatives for the
Cooperatives development of country. They ensure expansion and diversification of trade, cooperatives,
environmental sustainable industrialization, appropriate technology, conservation and
preservation of other tradable national products. These roles are targeted at generating wealth to
benefit the country socially and economically.
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4 EXISTING ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITIONS OF THE PROJECT
AREA
In this section, a description of baseline environmental conditions along proposed project facility
in Kampala district is presented. This information captures both the environmental and socio-
economic baseline conditions of the project area. This baseline is based on observations from a
proposed site reconnaissance, document reviews as well as the key stakeholder consultations
conducted.
4.1 Project area and general land use

The proposed site is located off Kampala-Masaka road in Nalukolongo Industrial area at plot
133, Musigula street, in Nalukolongo Village, Rubaga Parish, Rubaga County, Rubaga Division,
Kampala District and geo-referenced at 0.295185°N, 32.5442566°E; 0.29476°N, 32.5433849°E;
0.2954383°N, 32.5434616°E and 0.295476°N, 32.543368°E. The site is typically in an urban-
industrial setting bordered by mainly factories, commercial buildings and dilapidated structures.
An access road also exists along the project site and this is also used by the rest of the community
apart from the developer.
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Figure 4-1: Google map portraying the site location with its bordering areas/features
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Figure 4-2: Google map showing the boundary of the proposed site
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4.2 Bio-physical and Socio-economic and cultural environment
Under this section, the physical, biological and socio-economic environment for the project
area is described. This includes district / regional and site-specific descriptions.
4.2.1 Physical Environment
a) Climate
The proposed site being located in Kampala is characterised typically by Kampala District
Climate.
According to the Kampala District State of Environment Report, 1997, the climate of Kampala
District is humid tropical type though strong elements of equatorial conditions are normally
experienced in the district. The district receives an annual rainfall of between 1750mm and
2000mm distributed in two peaks, one being March to May and the other September to
November. The district has a mean rainfall of at least 50mm in every month with January
and February being drier than other months. The rainy days are highest in April. However,
even during the drier months occasional heavy rains are received leading to a fair distribution
throughout the year. The district has considerably high temperatures with an annual average
of 21.9°C. Temperature peaks are in the months of January to March and October to
December, the former being higher.
Relative humidity is high in Kampala District due to its equatorial position, high rainfall and
proximity to Lake Victoria. It is highest in the early hours of the day and reaches the minimum
diurnal values in the afternoons. Kampala District experiences winds in form of a slight breeze
felt on face or detected by leaves rustle with speeds of about 3m/Sec. The winds of the district
are, however, modified by increased surface roughness due to numerous hills and tree
vegetation in the district. However, the district experiences localised strong winds in form of
eddies during the dry season and the rainstorms accompanied by strong breezes and
moderate gales that often lead to breaking of tree branches (Kampala District Local
Government, 1997).
b) Topography and Geology and soils
The proposed site in Nalukolongo is characterised typically by Kampala District topography

and geology described below:
Except for the tiny portions underlain by recent deposits of alluvial and lacustrine formations,
the rest of Kampala District is underlain by the pre-cambrian rock system. The largest portion
of the district is underlain by the Basement Complex System of mainly undifferentiated
gneisses with some granites. The Buganda series underlie a small band of the area stretching
from Najjanankumbi through the northern part of Nsambya to Nakawa, Banda and a tiny
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stretch of the area from Lusaze to Kyambogo. The cenozoic rocks of the Holocene series
comprise swamp deposits, alluvium, and lacustrine deposits near the lake shore. Laterite
"carapace" is widespread on Kampala hills. It is well developed below the summit levels where
it forms protective pavements on many slopes.
Except for a small proportion in the lowland which is covered by alluvial and lake deposits,
the soils of Kampala district are ferralitic representing an almost final stage of weathering
with little or no mineral reserve left. Almost 82% of Kampala district is covered by Buganda
soil catena while Kabira/Katera soil catena and Kaku soil series cover about 11% and 7%,
respectively. The Buganda Catena is the most important soil mapping unit in Kampala
District. It is characterised by ferruginised soils on the summits and above the laterite caps,
shallow to rocky surface on the steep upper slopes and deep loamy soils on the gentler middle
slopes. The Kabira catena occurs in close association with Buganda catena occupying the
south eastern and western parts of Kampala District (near the Lake). The Katera series on
the other hand occupy the Lake Victoria shore while Kaku series are alluvial and more or less
permanently water-logged soils. They occur in the river valleys of the western part of Kampala
district including Lubigi and Nabisasiro.
Soil analysis will be investigated following approval of the scoping report and terms of
reference during the comprehensive ESIA study.
c) Hydrology and drainage
Kampala city is built on a number of hills with a topography controlled by differential

weathering of various grades of sedimentary bedrock types. The topography results in thin
weathered mantles of limited extent which produce shallow, localized groundwater flow
systems with relatively short residence times (ARGOSS, 2002). Kampala city has a shallow
aquifer from the weathered regolith. The springs that arise from the shallow aquifer are the
major source of groundwater supply within the city. Springs supply about 50% of Kampala’s
population with the majority of these occurring in high-density settlement areas. 16%
(32km2) of Kampala district is covered by wetlands. These wetlands are part of the Lake
Victoria catchment and the Victoria Nile catchment which encompasses major wetlands like
the Lubigi and Nalubaga wetlands. Many of the wetlands in Kampala occupy shallow valleys
between the many hills within the district.
d) Drainage systems
There were wetlands observed along Wamala, Ssuna II, Muzito, Kirombe, Tuba, Kulambiro –
Najeera, Port bell, Ntinda-Nakawa and Mugema roads. The wetland by Wamala road joins
Nalukolongo stream that flows into Lubigi Wetland. The wetland is still quite intact. The
wetlands by SSuna II Road and Muzito Road join Lufuka stream, Kaliddubi swamp, Kawagga
swamp before joining Lake Victoria. The wetland by Kirombe road drains into Lake Victoria.
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The wetland by Tuba road is fed by Nalubaga stream crossing the wetland which eventually
ends in Lake Victoria. The stream observed on both sides of Nakawa-Ntinda road joins
Kinawataka stream that eventually joins Lake Victoria (Figure 3). The Nakivubo channel is
the main stormwater drainage channel for Kampala city draining more than 95% of the city.
The Nakivubo channel discharges into Murchison Bay, Lake Victoria. Other outfalls from the
project roads include; Nabisisasiro channel, Nsooba channel, Nalubaga channel, kinawataka,
Lufuka, Mayanja, Lubigi, Kansanga and Kitante.
4.2.2 Biological Environment
e) Flora and Fauna
The vegetation of Kampala District follows the existing rainfall and relief pattern. The
vegetation is a relic of the original vegetation where other than in the Central Division, there
are remnants of communities related to the savannah woodland climax and the
Combretum/Cymbopogon afronardus fire climax tree savannah, particularly on the hill tops.
The vegetation of Kampala District has been studied by the National Biomass Study (NBS)
within the Uganda Forest Department dividing it into five major classes as follows:
i. Vegetation in Built-up Areas
This covers the largest part of Kampala District. It includes compounds and recreational
grounds. Along the roads and around homesteads are trees that have been planted for both
shade and ornamental purposes. The most common species are: Cassia agnes, Markhamia
platycalyx, Cassia gradus, and Jacaranda mimosifolia. Other plant species include
Bougainvillaea spp, Acalypha spp and grasses such as Brachiaria spp, Hyparrhenia spp.
ii. Subsistence Mixed Farmlands
This comprises of land recently or currently under use with or without trees and agricultural
fallow areas. It ranks second in size to Vegetation in Built-up areas described above. The
plants found in these farmlands are food crops which include cassava and maize. Fruit trees
such as the mango and Jackfruit and other multipurpose trees integrated in the farming
systems are found in the vicinity of homesteads. In some of the farmlands, an abundance of
eucalyptus spp, Markhania platycalyx and Musa spp (bananas) are found. The dominant
weeds in this sub-division include: Digitaria scalprum, Oxalis latifolia, Commelina
behgalensis, Imperata cylindrica, Cynodon dactylon and Euphorbia prostrata.
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iii. Woodland
This vegetation represents most wooded areas where trees and shrubs are the predominant
cover. These are mostly of an average height of 4m. It is found mainly in parts of Nakawa
division (Kireka). Wet woodland communities occur along wetlands (riverine forest) and the
dry woodlands appear on the dry grass covered areas. Deciduous trees are also common.
They include Eucalyptus spp planted under the peri-urban tree plantation program of
Forestry Department, Musizi and Markhamia platycalyx.
iv. Bush land
This kind of vegetation is found in most divisions of Kampala District with an average height
of less than 4m. The bushes, scrubs and thickets grow together as an entity. This vegetation
also occurs on abandoned farmland in form of late fallow with rapid re-growth of mainly
Lantana camara.
v. Wetland Vegetation
Kampala District has numerous wetlands covering 16% of the district (Kampala District Local
Government, 1997). The major wetlands are associated with Lake Victoria and Kyoga
drainage systems. They include Lubigi, Kiwembo, Nakivubo, Nsooba-Bulyera, Nalukolongo,
Mayanja, Nabisasiro, Kansanga, Walufumba-Nalubega and Kirombe swamp systems.
Many wetlands around Kampala city have been drained and turned into agricultural areas
or developed for commercial, industrial and sometimes residential purposes. The unclaimed
swamps around Kampala city are covered by both grasses and sedges. The most common
species are Cyperus papyrus, Miscanthidium violaceum, Phragmites maurtianus, Cyperus
latifolius and Typha australis. Indicator tree species associated with this vegetation include
Acacia sieberana and palms.
The challenge for the Uganda government is that, as population grows, resource use increases
in line with changes in people’s aspirations, values and socio-economic status, resulting in
low awareness of the consequences of over-exploitation and impact on the environment
(NEMA 2008). This has resulted into changes in distribution and status of fauna in recent
years in the country and Kampala area has not been an exception. Many forest species have
suffered during the destruction of such habitats, which still continues, with developments
and the demand for resources being the main cause of this destruction. In Uganda, the forests
near Kampala city have suffered most especially, Mabira, Ziika and Kifu forests. The drainage
of swamps has had adverse effects of certain species especially the palearctic migrants that
frequently use this habitat (Byaruhanga et al. 2005).
The destruction of good faunal habitat such as big trees, thickets and bushed grassland is a
continuing process and this has left limited suitable habitat in the Kampala area. Due to
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these changes in habitat structure, certain species especially of birds have become more
urbanized in recent years and are now established in many Kampala gardens. These include
the popular Marabou Storks, cattle Egret, Open-billed Stork, Woodland Kingfisher, Grey-
backed Fiscal, Ruppell’s Long-tailed Starling and Red-chested Sunbird among other species
(Carswell 1986).
The Mammals on the other hand have suffered differently with most, if not all, of the large
mammal populations disappearing from the area. Even the Impala, from which the Kampala
area gets its name (Myetymology.com, 2015), has not been recorded in the area in recent
years.
The Primates in the Family Cercopithecidae especially the Red-tailed monkeys

Cercopithecusascanius and Vervet monkeys Chlorocebuspygerythrus once frequent in the
area are now very rare in the greater Kampala. The modification of the habitat has made it
rather suitable for only the smaller mammals to come in, especially the Chiroptera (Bats),
Soricomopha (Shrews, moles) and Rodentia (Rodents). Terrestrial mammals are key
indicators of ecosystem health and providers of important ecosystem services (Ahumadaet et
al. 2011). So, their absence in an ecosystem can be interpreted as an indicator of low
productivity for that particular area in terms of ecosystem services.
Similar to mammals, birds are frequently considered as good biological indicators of wider
biodiversity (Pearson 1995, Nalwanga, 2012) being that they can be easily surveyed and are
well known, among other reasons (Bibby et al. 2000). However, using birds alone for
conservation planning is not a straightforward matter (Byaruhanga, 2005) so this needs to
be integrated with other taxa especially the plants that are determinants of the general
ecosystem structure, and large mammals that are determinants of the value of the ecosystem
services (Ahumada et al. 2011).
No ecologically sensitive habitat was observed at the proposed site.
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4.3 Socio-economic and cultural environment
4.3.1 Administrative framework
In 2010, the Government of Uganda (GoU) passed the Kampala Capital City Authority Act
which established KCCA to administer Kampala on behalf of Central Government. The city’s
administrative structure as defined under the Act is comprised of Divisions. The divisions are
subdivided into parishes and parishes are further subdivided into villages/zones being the
lowest administrative units. The Divisions include: Central Division, Kawempe Division,
Lubaga Division, Makindye Division and Nakawa Division. The Divisions are managed by
both technical and political officials who oversee the day-to-day operations of all areas under
their jurisdiction. On the technical side, the Divisions are headed by the Town Clerk and a
popularly elected Mayor for the technical wing.
The proposed site falls within the administrative units of Lubaga Division.
4.3.2 Population and Demographics Characteristics
According to the provisional results of the Housing and Population Census 2014, the
population of Kampala by Division is as presented in Table 4-1 below.
Table 4-1: Population distribution and household size by Division in Kampala
Division No. of Average HH No. of No. of Total

Households size Males Females
Central Division 23,205 3.2 41,107 38,682 79,789
Kawempe Division 94,574 3.5 159,800 178,512 338,312
Lubaga Division 105,991 3.6 178,353 206,033 384,386
Makindye Division 110,224 3.5 188,537 206,739 395,276
Nakawa Division 84,793 3.6 154,841 163,606 318,447
Total 418,787 3.5 722,638 793,572 1,516,210

Source: UBOS November 2014 Revised Edition
Central Division is the least populated and this is attributed to the fact it is mainly a central
business area with very few people using it as a residential area. Makindye Division and
Lubaga Division where the proposed project is to be implemented have the highest population
in Kampala District. The high population in the two divisions is attributed to the rural-urban
migration where people come to urban areas to look for opportunities that are non-existent
in the rural areas.
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The average household size is 3.5 and 3.6 for Kampala district and Lubaga division
respectively which are both lower than the national average of 4.7.
4.3.3 Literacy
The Uganda National Housing Survey 2012/2013 report indicates that in Kampala, the
literacy rate for persons aged 10 and above in the year 2012/2013 stood at 93% with males
at 95% and females at 92%. This shows a high literacy rate among the persons in Kampala
District.
Further studies will be conducted during the ESIA study, within the project area to determine
the area level of literacy.
4.3.4 Ethnic Composition
The proposed site is located in Kampala the capital city of the country which is inhabited by
ethnic groups from all over Uganda. There are also ethnic groups from other neighbouring
countries such as South Sudan, Kenya, Tanzania, Rwanda, Burundi and Democratic
Republic of Congo among others. The project area is also inhabited by expatriates from other
continents other than Africa. However, the most dominant tribe is the Baganda. The Luganda
language is widely understood by most of the residents in the project area.
4.3.5 Land Use and Land Tenure
a. Land use
The principal land use in Kampala District is mainly settlements both residential and
commercial with small scale agriculture. Small-scale agriculture is widely distributed in
exiting residential areas as well as periphery areas, which may not have been transformed
into other uses. Similarly, land along all the roads within Kampala is mainly used for
settlements both residential and commercial. Agricultural land use is very limited.
The land within the proposed site is mostly used for industrial purposes and small business
kiosks as well as commercial buildings.
b. Land tenure system
Land ownership in Kampala District is under mailo, leasehold, freehold and customary tenure
systems (MoLHUD & UNDP 2008). These are four tenure system through which land can be
held in Uganda and is stipulated in article 237 of the 1995 constitution of Uganda. Kampala
City Council Development Plan (2009 - 2011), indicated that 75% of the land in Kampala is
categorized as mailo, 15% as leasehold, 7% Kabaka’s land and 3% as freehold land.
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The socioeconomic findings indicated that majority (69%) of the households owned titled land
with a sizeable number (30%) owning land under kibanja system. Out of the interviewed
households, 0.1% claimed to own land under customary and communal systems. In terms of
size of land owned, most people own small plots of land of 50ft x 100ft.
4.4 Economic Activities, Income Sources and Employment
a. Economic activities
The 2002 Uganda population and housing census reported that majority of the people in
Kampala district 64.2% are engaged in employment, 19.4% trading in non-agricultural
products, 9.3% trading in agricultural produce, 1.7% in animal rearing, 1.0% in fishing, 0.1%
in crop farming and 4.2% in other in activities.
During field visits, it was observed that the population within and around Kampala is actively
involved in various economic activities for their day-to-day survival. Economic activities
majorly include trade in items such as food stuffs, furniture, construction materials, clothes
and shoes and all sorts of merchandise.
The proposed site is neighboured by Nalukolongo market to the west. In addition, sale of
grocery items in small kiosks was observed along roads.
Another prominent economic activity is within the transport sector which involves taxi and
motorcycle transport (boda-boda). There were taxi and boda stages noted within the project
area.
The project area is majorly characterized by factories and business structures as well as
small-sized restaurants.
b. Employment
Uganda National Household Survey (UNHS) 2009/2010 conducted by Uganda Bureau of
Statistics (UBOS) revealed that unemployment rate in the country was at 3.0% and 5.2%
among the males and females respectively. The study further revealed that unemployment
rate was highest in urban areas (9.5%) and lowest in rural areas (3.0%). According to regions,
unemployment rate was highest in Kampala at 11.4%.
The National Household Survey 2012/13 report indicates that 65% of Kampala’s working-
age population is employed accounting for 6% of the national employed population. On the
other hand, Labour Force Participation which measures the proportion of the country’s
population that engages actively in economic activities (those employed and those actively
looking for work) indicated that Kampala was leading the country with 72 % of all national
labour force participation happening within Kampala.
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In Kampala district, majority of the people are either directly employed in organizations or
are self-employed. These organizations range from business conglomerates, construction,
financial, energy, food and beverage, manufacturing, foreign exchange bureaus, hotels, mass
media, telecommunication, transportation and consultancy among others.
Organizations that have provided employment opportunities for people in Kampala include:
Coffee Factories including Karaz Coffee Factory Ltd (developer), Steel and Tube Industries,
Kampala Pharmaceuticals Industries 1996 Ltd, Megha Industries Uganda Limited, Quality
Chemicals Industries Ltd, Hwan Sung Industries Limited, Picfare Industries Limited, Makss
Packaging Industries Limited, Crest Foam Ltd, Mukwano Group of Companies, BAT Uganda
Limited, Banks such as ABC Bank (Uganda), Bank of Africa (Uganda), Bank of Baroda
(Uganda), Barclays Bank (Uganda), Cairo International Bank, Centenary Bank, Crane Bank,
DFCU Bank, Diamond Trust Bank (Uganda) Limited, Equity Bank (Uganda), Finance Trust
Bank etc.
c. Income Levels
For households and individuals, income refers to “all the wages, salaries, profits, interest
payments, rents and other forms of earnings received in a given period of time” (Case and
Fair, 2007). In that regard, income is one of the monetary dimensions of measuring wellbeing
of households and individuals. According to the Uganda National Housing Survey 2012/2013
report, Kampala had the largest share of monthly incomes above 500,000/= (47%). Table 4-
2 illustrates the distribution of monthly incomes (classes) within Kampala and the Central
region households.
Table 4-2: Income classes within Kampala

Area Low-income Class Middle income Class High income Class
Up to 50,000/= 100,000/= 200,000/= 300,000/= 500,000/= 1,000,000/=
50,000/= to to to to to and above
100,000/= 200,000/= 300,000/= 500,000/= 1,000,000/=
Kampala 2.1% 2.9% 11.2% 11.6% 24.9% 23.9% 23.5%
Source: Uganda National Housing Survey 2012/2013
The sources of income include subsistence farming, wage/salaried employment,

transfers/remittances, commercial urban farming, non-agricultural enterprises and rent
among others.
4.5 Settlement Patterns, Nature and Type of Buildings
The housing environment in Kampala is far from satisfactory, characterized by sub-standard

housing that is lacking both in quality and quantity. About 80% of households lack toilets.
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34% of the city’s housing stock is in need of upgrading or replacement, and another 36% are
built of mud and wattle. 65% of the households in Kampala live in rental accommodation,
with 71% occupying rooms as opposed to houses. Fifty four percent (54%) of the city residents
live in tenements, 12% in stores and garages, and much of this housing is made of non-
upgradable or semi-permanent materials. Living conditions are worse among poor
households living in Kampala’s informal settlements. In such settlements conditions are far
from acceptable and a health hazard to the residents (UNEP, 2002; Rakodi, 2005). According
to the Uganda National Housing Survey 2012/2013 report, a distribution of Kampala’s main
type of house construction materials was found to be as presented in Table 4-3 below.
Table 4-3: Distribution of Kampala’s main type of house construction materials (%)
Roof Wall Floor
Selected Iron Thatched Other Bricks Mud Other Earth Cement Other
Characteristics sheets Roof & wall floor
poles
Percentage 96 0 4 81.4 8.5 10.1 8 84.5 7.5

Source: Uganda National Housing Survey 2012/2013
Note:
On the table above:
Other roof includes asbestos, concrete, wood, tin;
Other wall includes concrete/stone, wood, tin/iron sheets;
Other floor includes tiles, bricks, stone and wood.
Kampala is a city with a lot of diversity in settlement pattern and building types. Settlements
within the proposed project area and junctions are linear in nature and congested in most of
the areas. The settlements comprise of both commercial and residential structures,
educational and religious institutions. Most of the buildings in the project areas are of
permanent nature. Temporary structures along the road and close to the proposed site are
mainly in form of kiosks and market vending stalls. From our field observations, it was
noticed that most of the project areas are located in un-planned neighbourhoods with
disorganized housing patterns.
a. Transport and Communication
Kampala District are vibrant areas with transport facilities including taxis, buses, personal
vehicles, motor cycles commonly known as boda bodas and bicycles. The roads are also used
by heavy trucks and lorries transporting all kinds of goods. Pedestrians including school
children are also a common sight along the Kampala and Wakiso roads. The nearby port at
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Port bell in Luzira is also a major link for transporting passengers and goods from Kampala
to other parts of Uganda and the East African region. Road transport is the main means of
transport within the two districts.
“Kampala City has approximately 1200km of roads of which about 450km (38.0%) are paved
and 750.0 (62%) km are unpaved. A significant portion of the unpaved network is heavily
trafficked with over 300 vehicles per day. Almost 80% of the paved roads and 99% of the
unpaved roads are in fair-to-poor condition due to a heavy maintenance backlog. The roads
are characterized by potholes, distortions, cracks, etc, and the level of service is low” (SMEC
Pty Ltd, 2015).
The proposed site is accessed through a murram road that connects from the main road and
heavily serves the rest of the community.
Communication companies such as MTN, Airtel, Warid Telecom, Smile Telecom, Africell,
Telecom etc. provide Kampala residents and visitors as well as the community within the
project area with mobile communication services, internet services and all related
communication services.
Kampala is the home of quite a number of television and radio stations such as CBS, Super
FM, Top Radio, Radio Sapientia, NBS, NTV and Bukedde TV etc. CBS and Radio Sapientia
are located near the Bulange Junction and Hanlon Junction in Nsambya respectively. The
residents in the project area access information on different issues mainly through radios,
televisions, telephones and newspapers.
b. Water and Sanitation
❖ Water supply
According to the Water Supply Atlas under the Directorate of Water Development, Ministry of
Water & Environment, Republic of Uganda, 2022; Kampala is the capital city of Uganda with
a population of 1,739,028 and is the largest area of NWSC operations serving an 1,395,649
at an access rate of 80%.
National Water and Sewerage Corporation is the main service provider of water and sewerage
services in the project area. The proposed project employs a dry process for its coffee
processing. NWSC piped water shall be used for washrooms and cleaning of factory floor as
well as domestic purposes.
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❖ Sanitation
Waste disposal in Kampala is currently a major challenge and is a threat to sanitation and
the health of the people in the city. The types of wastes generated by the people of Kampala
include, food wastes, liquid wastes, plastics, industrial waste from small scale industries etc.
These are disposed of anyhow by the people through dumping along road sides, dumping in
empty pieces of land, scattering anywhere, dumping in channels etc. Poor garbage disposal
was noticed on quite a number of the project roads where garbage was littered anyhow along
the roads. Such roads include Muzito road, Buwambo Kiteezi road, Sunna I and II roads,
Kayemba road, Kibuye-Nateete-Busega road, Kulambiro-Najeera and Kulambiro ring among
others.
Solid waste management in Kampala city is done by the Kampala Capital City Authority
assisted by some contracted private garbage collectors. About 10% of the households in the
city are served by KCCA, assisted by private garbage collection firms, while the remaining
waste is disposed of by the generating households.
The Kampala Capital City Authority (KCCA) begun installing garbage bins along the streets
to ease garbage collection in Kampala central business. The bins are designed to
accommodate recyclable and non-recyclable waste materials that Kampalans keep throwing
around, littering the city. The project is currently being piloted in the Central Business
District with at least 1,000 garbage bins planned for installation. Along some of the roads,
KCCA trucks or private trucks were noticed collecting the littered or heaped garbage along the
roads. These roads include Katalima and, Ntinda-Kisaasi among others.
In general, sanitation within the project area is very poor. The community has dilapidated latrines
(Figure 4-3). There is need for change of attitude and behaviour when it comes to garbage
disposal. A lot of effort and enforcement of strict laws will be required by the KCCA authorities
in terms of proper waste disposal to avoid or minimize waste disposal in the existing drainage
and along the roads. The communities litter garbage along the roads while others litter it in
existing drainage channel.
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Figure 4-3: Immediate Community neighbouring the proposed site
c. Education
Education is widely recognized as an engine for empowerment, economic growth and general
improvement in welfare. It is one of the most influential determinants of an individual’s
knowledge, attitudes and behaviour. Kampala and Wakiso are one of the leading areas in
terms of educational facilities at all levels i.e., Pre-Primary, Primary, Secondary and Tertiary
level.
According to KCCA Ministerial Policy Statement (2013-14) Kampala has a total of 2,092
public and private education institutions (Table 24). These include 803 Pre-primary schools,
964 primary schools, 295 secondary schools and 30 tertiary institutions. Lubaga division has
the highest number education institutions with 26.2% of all schools in Kampala. Lubaga
division is followed by Makindye (25.3%), Kawempe (23.8%) and Nakawa (17.4%). The central
division has the least number of schools with only 7.2% of the entire schools in the city. Other
education programmes include Special Needs Education (SNE). Kampala for instance has got
special needs schools such as Nakawa School for the deaf, Naguru Remand Home, Ntinda
School for the deaf and Mulago School for the deaf. There are also schools with inclusive
education (with special needs units) such as Naguru Preparatory school, Kyambogo Primary
School and Wandegeya Muslims Primary School.
The survey during site reconnaissance, indicates that no school neighbours the proposed
facility within 200 m from the site.
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Table 4-4: Distribution of Schools in Kampala District
Division Pre-primary Primary Secondary Tertiary Total %
Lubaga 220 226 90 13 549 26.2
Makindye 210 243 72 4 529 25.3
Kawempe 215 230 51 2 498 23.8
Central 48 65 30 8 151 7.2
Nakawa 110 200 52 3 365 17.4
Total 803 964 295 30 2,092 100.0
Source: KCCA Ministerial Policy Statement 2013-2014
d. Health
According to UBOS Statistical Abstract 2020, the number of health facilities in the two districts is as
shown in the Table4-5 below.
Table 4-5: Number of Health Facilities in Districts by ownership status, 2012/13
District Government NGO Private Total
Kampala 20 40 1,332 1,392
Within Kampala district, several health facilities mainly privately owned were noted. Some of
the health facilties that residents within the district use include: St. Francis Nsambya
Hospital in Makindye Division (which is in the vicinity of Hanlon-Nsambya Junction), Mulago
National Referral Hospital in Kawempe Division, Mengo Hospital, Kitebi Health Clinic in
Lubaga Division, Kampala Capital City Authority Clinic Kisenyi Health Centre in Central
Division, Komamboga and Naguru Hospital in Nakawa Division. There are also other medical
facilities such as Nakasero Hospital, in Central Division, Case Clinic, and many private health
facilities including pharmacies, Nursing homes and drug shops. Another prominent health
facility within the project area is Busabala road Nursing Home located near Namasole-
Busabala junction in Makindye Division.
The community within the project area get medical services based on their choice of health
facility.
Further studies will be undertaken to find out the most common diseases within the project
area, during the detailed ESIA study.
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Further studies will be carried out following approval of the Scoping Report and ToRs; to
ascertain other sectors within the project area such as Vulnerable groups, Gender, Tourism,
Security, Non-Government Organisations, Planned development activities and any
Archaeology and cultural resources.
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5 STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATION
5.1 Introduction
This section of the report presents the objectives, process and the outcomes of the stakeholder
involvement in the process of this ESIA. Emphasis has been placed on a fully-inclusive, open
and transparent public participation process and the transfer of information regarding the
proposed project to interested and affected persons (I&APs). The provision of sufficient and
useful information on an on-going basis to I&APs to allow them to participate in the project
and offer comments is a cornerstone of this Environmental Assessment process.
The ESIA process started with a scoping exercise aimed identifying relevant issues to form
focus of the ESIA study and refine the terms of reference provided by the project proponent.
These terms of reference are presented in Appendix I. This chapter presents the results of
stakeholder engagement activities undertaken during January and February 2020, during
the scoping stage and for the final ESIA
5.2 Overview of the Public Consultation Process
The public consultation process presented an opportunity for the stakeholders to raise their
concerns and comments on the potential social impacts and merits of the proposed coffee
processing facility. Their input was captured and informed the impact assessment process as
well as a formulation of pertinent mitigation and enhancement measures to address them
(Refer to chapter 6).
Section 12 of the National Environment (Environment and Social Assessment) Regulation S.I.
No. 143 of 2020 requires the developer to seek views of the community that is likely to be
affected by the proposed activities and to publicize the intended project, its anticipated effects
and benefits in a language understood by those communities for a period of not less than 14
days. English and Luganda languages were used for the stakeholder consultation and
community sensitization respectively. It is further required that days and times of community
meetings be convenient for the affected persons and agreed with the local leaders.
5.3 Objectives of Consultation
The objectives of the consultation were:

✓ To provide opportunities to stakeholders to discuss their opinions and concerns;
✓ To manage expectations and misconceptions regarding the project; and
✓ To provide information about the project and its potential impacts to those interested
in and or potentially affected persons (PAPs) by the project, and solicit their opinion
and possible solutions;
✓ To inform the process of assessing significance of impacts and developing appropriate
mitigation measures.
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5.4 Standards for consultation
The public consultation was guided by Ugandan guidelines summarized in Table 5-

1.
Table 5-1: Uganda Guidelines Relating to Public Consultation.
Although no regulations exist for public consultation, national guidelines for EIA
in Uganda require that the public is given full opportunity for involvement and
participation throughout the EIA process. People including individuals, or groups
of local communities who may be directly affected by a proposed project should be
a focus for public involvement. Since identification of the “public” likely to be
indirectly affected by the proposed activity is often more difficult, it is required to
exercise care in deciding who participates to ensure that a fair and balanced
representation of views is obtained, and views of minority groups are not
overshadowed by more influential members of the public.
The public may appropriately be involved in the EIA process through:
• Informing them about the proposed project.
• Participation in scoping exercise.
• Open public meetings/hearings on the projects.
• Inviting written comments on proposed project.
• Use of community representatives.
• Comment and review of the Environmental Impact Statements; and,
• Making relevant documents available to any interested members of the
public in specified places or at the cost of reproduction.
Three stages for public involvement in the EIA process are spelt out:
a) Public consultation before EIA is done
If after receiving and screening/reviewing the developer’s project brief, the

Authority (NEMA), in consultation with the Lead Agency, decides that it is
necessary to consult and seek public comment, it shall, within four weeks from
submission of the project brief and/or notice of intent to develop, publish the
developer’s notification and other supporting documents or their summary in a
public media. It is required that objections and comments from the public and
other stakeholders shall be submitted to the Authority and to the Lead Agency
within 21 days from the publication of notice.
b) Public consultation during the EIA
The team conducting the EIA shall consult and seek public opinion/views on social
and environmental aspects of the project. Such public involvement shall be during
scoping and any other appropriate stages during the conduct of the study.
c) Public consultation after EIA (EIA Review)
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The EIS shall be a public document and may be inspected at any reasonable time
by any person. Considering the scale and level of influences likely to result from
the operation of a project, the Authority, in consultation with the Lead agency,
shall decide regions where it is necessary to display the EIA report to the public.
5.5 Identification of Stakeholders
A fair representation of the key project stakeholders was identified. The identification was
based on the different activities that will be involved in project implementation and operation,
government agencies and non-governmental organizations involved in the extraction of non-
mineral products and the administrative location of the project components. The main
considerations in the stakeholder group selection process were:
✓ Those involved in project preparation;
✓ Those whose activities coincide or overlap with those proposed by the project (such as
relevant ministries, relevant government agencies and relevant local government
authorities); and
✓ Those who may be directly affected by the project (local councils and the local
population in the project area.
Key stakeholders that were identified are listed below:
✓ The Immediate communities neighbouring or within the proposed site vicinity;

✓ Uganda Police
✓ Uganda Coffee Development Authority;
✓ Ministry of Trade, Industry and Cooperatives;
✓ Kampala Capital City Authority officers;
✓ National Environment Management Authority (NEMA);
✓ Ministry of Gender, Labour and social development (MoGLSD), Occupation, Safety
and Health department.
✓ Uganda National Bureau of standards
5.6 Approach for Consultation
The focus of the consultation was laid on communities (Chairperson of Local Council) where
the proposed project will be undertaken (Project Affect Persons) and key informants and staff
holding tactical positions in institutions with relevant mandate regulating the area and the
proposed project (Chief Administrative Officer, District Environment Officers etc.).
Information from the public was gathered via direct engagement with stakeholders. The
issues that formed the basis for consultation included, land ownership, social project
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justification, environmental and legal issues surrounding the proposed project activities and
management and sustainability of the facilities.
The following methods were used to conduct consultations:

• Individual interviews with stakeholders.
• Focus group discussions
• Public/village meetings at project site
The consultation list of some stakeholders engaged is appended (refer to appendix A)
5.7 Consultation Findings
In general, the stakeholders consulted had the opportunity to air their economic,
social, and environmental concerns, whether positive or negative. A few went further
as to even suggest possible solutions to the raised concerns and this was very positive
indeed. Key issues were raised by all key stakeholders, and these have been factored
in and addressed in this ESIA Statement.
Table 5-2: Detailed views and opinion of stakeholders
Stakeholder Date Issues raised Suggested

measures/Recommendations
Name: 25.07.2022 • The proposed project • In case the factory emits smoke, it
Byamukama complies with should not be directed towards the
Dirisa/Abeso environmental community surrounding it.
Diana regulations • Drainage should be well planned
Contact: and not directed towards people
0774626995 near the factory.
/078472884 • Job opportunities should also be
9 availed to the area residents
Title:
Chairman/G
eneral
Seccretary
LCI
Namataba
Cell
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Name: Nante 25.07.2022 • The project will bring • Priority while recruiting should be
Mildred about development in given to the local community
Contact: the area. especially casual jobs.
0701703725 • Employment
Title: opportunities will also
Resident be created to the
community for
example casual
workers.
• We have no problem with
the proposed project and
we believe it is for the
better of the community’s
economy;
•
Name: 25.07.2022 • It will provide • Provision of well stacked first aid
Kezimbila employment boxes.
Tofa opportunities and also • Authentic land ownership
Contact: improve community documents should be provided
0707694020 livelihood. before the commencement of the
Title: • The current status of project.
Resident land ownership is that
UIA allocated the area
as an industrial park.
Name: 15.10.2020 • The trucks bringing • The developer should put in place
Mugerwa materials to the site should traffic management plan
Rogers not block the access road
Contact: which we all use;
0702586591 • We hope the developer will
Title: be cooperating well with
Resident the neighbouring
communities and facilities
during the construction and
operation of their facility.
Name: 25.07.2022 • The security at the Priority should be given the local
Mukisa project site will be residents during recruitment and
Francis enhanced since most especially casual jobs
Contact: project developers
0706213499 deploy security guards
Title: during construction
Resident and operation phase.
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• It will provide
employment
opportunities and also
improve community
livelihood.
Name: 25.07.2022 • It will open away/door • Contractors should be

Ssendege for casual work hence encouraged to purchase the
Shaban leading to job construction materials from the
Contact: opportunities locals to enhance their business.
0704686382 especially those who
Title: will be involved during
Resident the construction
phase.
• It will contribute to the
development of the
community
Name: 25.07.2022 • Dust generation during • Screening of all workers from the
Mugabi excavations and project area before they are
Dassan cement use. employed by the project.
Contact: • Waste generation from • Priority should be given to the
0756050430 workers, construction local community members when
Title: debris and process recruiting especially casual jobs.
Resident waste during • Availing the workers with PPE and
implantation stage. ensue that they are effectively
• Fights among workers used.
especially as a result of •
delays in payment and
staff turnover.
• Generation of noise
during grading of the
site.
• Accidents from nails
and construction
materials.
• Employment of
different categories of
workers with various
cultures.
• Child abuse and
labour.
• Risk of spread of
HIV/AIDS.
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• Risk of spread of Covid
19.
• Theft of construction
materials.
• Market for goods and
materials
In conclusion, the consultation had a positive response. This was mainly because of
the limited scope of the consultation process owing to the land-use and planning
zonation of the area. Generally, respondents agreed that proposed project facilities
establishment does fit within the existing environmental and social setup and will
not trigger serious environmental and community safety challenges (Mean= 4.80).
Similar response was recorded on creation of employment opportunities to the locals
in the municipality. The stakeholders expressed concern over HIV spread, defiling of
girl child by migrant workers, and dilution of moral values by the workers through
use of profane language and bad behaviour. However, they were all optimistic that
implementation of suggested mitigation measures in the project design would deter
the project negative impacts.
They also believed that project implementation will induce direct employment to the
community since the project will need many semi-skilled and unskilled labour forces.
It is also important to note that within the project development area there is no
biological species or setup that is of rare conservation value nor is the proposed site
bearing any archeologically/ culture value. They also agreed that adoption of corrective
measures as outlined by the consultant, the proposed project would co-exist with the
community (mean 4.5) hence the project can be undertaken with minimal or no harm
on the environment and society.
5.8 Continued stakeholder engagement
During project implementation, there will be continued stakeholder engagement to

ensure that environmental and social issues that emerge during this phase are
identified and addressed, and mitigation measures proposed to address the impacts.
Much of this work will be achieved through involvement of key players that include
the Municipal Environment Officer, the Contractor/Supervising Consultants; and
the District Local Government Administration staffs which include: District
Engineers, District Labour Officers, District Environment Officers, and Public Health
Inspectors. These key staffs will work with the Developer and other members of the
community in the district.
A summary of the key issues to be carried forward during engagement will include
but not limited to : planting of trees and vegetation including landscaping/site
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restoration at sites where clearing of vegetation will have taken place after
construction of facilities; site hoarding and keeping of the sites strictly out of bounds
and guarded against access to kids and non-construction personnel;
registration/identification of workers; collaboration with LG units/ and government
agencies:- Labour, Probation, Health, Police, Community Development officers and
Local Councils to address emerging social issues; collaboration with Labour officers
to guide/monitor contract and stop employment of children; putting in place and
operationalizing the child protection plan; sensitization of workers on their sexual
rights; putting in place an HIV/AIDs prevention plan and implementing it; and
training workers on the labour act. Resulting from continued stakeholder
engagement, project information will continue to be shared with the
affected/beneficiary communities through:
• Working with/involvement of Local Government to undertake monitoring

and supervision of environmental and social issues and information
collected disseminated to the affected/beneficiary communities.
• Community meetings/engagement with plant management to address

emerging environmental and social issues undertaken monthly.
• Undertaking periodical visits to the project site to ensure that issues raised
are shared with the beneficiary/affected people and involve locally based
NGOs to carry forward sharing of information with the people.
Dissemination of the child protection plan, HIV and AIDs sensitization, and
promotion of HIV/AIDS workplace program by the contractor and Developer.
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6 IMPACT IDENTIFICATION, ASSESSMENT AND MITIGATION
6.1 Introduction
The proposed project will have both socio-economic benefits and associated negative
environmental and social impacts. The purpose of the ESIA process is to therefore
systematically assess the value of the benefits against the environmental and social concerns
and provide measures to avoid, prevent or reduce the magnitude of the impacts. The
mitigation measures are based on the underlying principle of ESIA that everyone is entitled
to a clean and healthy environment and a duty to enhance and safeguard the environment.
6.2 Positive impacts of the proposed project

A summary of the Positive impacts expected during the establishment and operation of the
Coffee processing plant include;
1) Economic-investment hence increases in wealth of Rubaga Division;
The proposed project

2) The development will make the most economic use of the land;
The developer has hired qualified contractors/ structural engineers with the goal of
ensuring effective and most economic use of the land.
Construction Operation (Post Construction)

Project phase impacted √
Impact Enhancement:
I. Ensuring that Developer hires qualified and certified contractors.
II. Adopting and strictly implementing structural designs approved by the relevant authorities
3) Creation of market for goods and services and especially construction inputs
Construction of the proposed project will require supply of various materials and/ or equipment. For example,
construction will require gravel (murram) and aggregate (stone), etc some of which can be sourced locally. Other
materials are water, cement, stones and steel. Some of these materials required for the project will be sourced
nationally and internationally to ensure that the desired quality is achieved. Procurement of these resources brings
income to suppliers.
Project phase impacted √ √
Impact Enhancement
I. Earth materials needed for construction, for example, murram, aggregate (stones and sand)
should be largely obtained from the project affected villages, if present in the required
quantities and quality.
II. The contractor and supervising consultant will ensure laboratory testing of materials
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III. The contractor shall enter into agreements with local suppliers and shall ensure adherence
to the conditions therein
IV. The contractor shall adequately restore all used up material sources to ensure that these
sites continue to be productive to their owners. The agreements entered by the contractor
and land owners shall include clauses on restoration.
V. The contractor shall ensure fair, adequate and timely payment to the suppliers.
However conscious or unwitting purchase of these materials from unlicensed operators would indirectly support,
encourage or promote environmental degradation and possibly causing medium- to long-term negative impacts. It
will therefore be a contractual obligation for the contractor to procure construction materials from sources that are
legitimate or licensed by KCCA.
4) Provision of income to service providers that will be servicing the site with different
products and services.
The project require

5) Provision of tax revenue to central government and property taxes to KCCA.
6) Provide offloading, storage for construction material, tools and equipment in a safe
and secure environment;
7) Provision of direct and indirect employment opportunities;
Construction and operation of the proposed project presents income opportunity for contractors, the local
communities and tax revenue for government. It is estimated that over 50 people will be employed during
construction, some of which will be sourced from local communities. Priority will be given to local residents
wherever casual work is needed. The majority of this number will be low-skilled labour, which will be hired from
local communities. This presents a positive but short-term economic benefit for the local youths. However, it is
common for the largest proportion if not all of this labour to comprise male workers only but for equitable benefit
and gender equity, able women should also be hired wherever they meet job requirements.
During the post construction phase, people will be employed in operations and routine maintenance of plant
machinery.
This will be short and long term, it will improve the economic wellbeing of the community;
Impact Enhancement:
III. The contractor to use locally available labour for the unskilled labour requirements and
where the required skills are available locally, the local people will be given first priority
commensurate to their level of training. This will have the advantage of enabling the local
community take responsibility in owning up the project.
IV. The construction contractor will involve local leaders in recruitment process to ensure full
and fair participation of local communities and screening out of lawbreakers;
V. To the extent possible, equal employment opportunity will be available for women.
VI. The construction contractor will be obligated to work with Rubaga Division Labour Officer to
ensure that Uganda’s labour laws (Employment Act) are complied with.
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8) Diversification of the local economy and support of ancillary services such as
engineering, mechanic and construction businesses; and
The proposed project area is typical urban-industrial setting with the project site bordered by
mainly factories, commercial buildings, parking area/washing bay and motor cycle mechanic
garage. This presents a positive economic benefit for the local businesses.
During the construction and post construction phase, ancillary services such as company
vehicle washing and repairs will be required and routine maintenance of plant machinery.
This will be short and long term, it will improve the economic wellbeing of the community;
Construction Operation (Post
Construction)
Impact Enhancement:
I. Local service providers will be given first priority when sourcing for services.
9) Improve the food security of the area

10) Coffee farmers will be supported by the facility, especially through training on
advanced technical to help farmers to gradually abandon traditional habits
unsustainable cultivation as before. Thus, the productivity, the quality of coffee
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6.3 Negative environmental and social impacts
Alongside the project benefits, there will are potential negative environmental and social
impacts at the three phases of the project cycle. These are pre-establishment, operational
and possible decommissioning phases. The proceeding sections discuss each of these phases’
impacts on the environmental and the livelihoods of the local community and a summary of
mitigation measures.
6.3.1 Improper management of cut to spoil during construction
Earthworks associated with site preparation may generate considerable quantities of cut to
spoil. Management of large volumes of cut to spoil can constitute a major disposal challenge
when improperly planned. Care must be taken to avoid this occurring during the construction
works.

Construction)
Impact characterisation
If waste material is improperly managed and disposed of during construction works, the
impact duration would be short to medium term. The extent of the impact would be local and
limited to the immediate neighbourhood of disposal sites on land, but might also have
considerable spatial extent downstream of deposition site in a wetland. Impact magnitude
can therefore be considered major and receptor (wetlands) sensitivity high. Therefore, impact
significance is major.
Sensitivity of receptor
Very low 1 Low 2 Medium 3 High 4
Very low 1 Negligible 1 Minor 2 Minor 3 Minor 3
Intensi
impact
Low 2 Minor 2 Minor 4 Moderate 6 Moderate 6

ty of
Medium 3 Minor 3 Moderate 6 Moderate 9 Major

High 4 Minor 4 Moderate 8 Major 12 Major 16
Impact receptors: Communities and watercourses.
Mitigation measures:
I. The contractor shall, in consultation with the Municipal Environment Officer and
the supervising engineer identify suitable sites for temporary stockpiling of the cut
to spoil material which shall later be used in bricking making and other legally
accepted activities. Some of the parameters to be considered in site selection shall
include;
o Access to the site;
o Drainage of the area;
o Zoning or physical development planning of the area by the local authority;
o Settlement patterns in the area;
o Consent from the land owner
o Security of the area; and
o Sensitivity of the environment and its neighbouring areas (Materials must be
stored away from surface watercourses, flood zones and groundwater
recharge areas to prevent environmental harm to water), among others.
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II. The contractor shall develop and implement a Stockpile management plan to guide
in proper handling and management of these temporary stockpile sites. Components
of the plan should include;
o Procedure for stockpile site selection (including environment and social
screening)
o Stockpile site risk analysis and impact management
o Materials flow and management
o Materials inventory and Record keeping
o Onsite inspection checklist
o Site restoration plan
III. Under no circumstances must the Contractor accept request from persons who
wish to use cut to spoil (stripped overburden) to illegally reclaim wetlands.
6.3.2 Mismanagement of generated waste
The construction phase is usually accompanied by generation of a number of wastes that
ranges from construction wastes, hazardous wastes to domestic wastes. Wastes which will
be generated during the construction phase include the following:
• Vegetation waste from site clearance;
• Excavated materials from earthworks (e.g. cuttings, re-grading works);
• General construction waste (e.g. wood, scrap metal, concrete, empty cement bags);
• Domestic wastes generated by site workers (plastic bottles (mostly drink/ water
bottles), paper, cloths, food scraps, sewage)
These waste if not properly managed will have the following negative impacts:
• Heaps of collected rubbish pose a nuisance;
• Associated with bad odour;
• Harbour disease causing vectors like flies;
• Contaminate the soil or the environment on which it seats, and this can pose a long-
lasting negative impact.
Therefore, management of all this waste is crucial to the health and safety of the workers
and host community.
The contractor will hire a licensed and experienced company to transport hazardous and
non-hazardous biodegradable waste to approved waste treatment or disposal or recycling
sites. For hazardous wastes, the waste handler should be registered by NEMA.

Construction)
Impact Evaluation: Such wastes generated do not only contaminate the environment but
also cause diseases among the community and render some soils infertile. Excavated
materials and residual wastes may give rise to impacts during their handling, temporary
stockpiling or storage on site, transportation and final disposal. Heaping of debris affects
the aesthetics of the area and leads to accidents like cuts from sharp objects.
Impact significance: The likelihood of occurrence of this impact is medium given that
some of these waste materials especially the plastic/polythene is not biodegradable may
cause long term injurious effects to the environment. The impact Intensity is rated low,
because the impact will be a short-term impact, localized in spatial extent since its
occurrence will be limited to the construction phase in a particular section of the project
extent hence the significance of the impact before Mitigation is rated moderate.
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Intensi
impact
ty of

Receptors: Construction contractor staff, and the neighboring local community.
General Mitigation Measures

I. A waste management plan will be developed by the contractor, to ensure that
measures for handling all project-generated waste are in place; the plan should
include the following;
o Waste sources and streams (Nature and Type of Waste Materials);
o Waste Management Hierarchy (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle, disposal);
o Storage and disposal (Location and type of waste storage bins, Collection and
Transportation, Waste storage and transportation permits, storage of hazardous
waste;
o Training and Awareness;
o Waste inventory and record keeping; and
o Waste management checklist, among others
II. All materials will be re-used or transported off site as soon as possible to minimize
the potential for adverse environmental impacts. It is recognized that some
stockpiling of materials will be required in some instances although these will be
segregated in terms of material type as far as practical to facilitate material re-use
(i.e. top soil for landscaping, suitable fill for engineering works).
III. All excavated material will be handled in a manner that minimizes the release of
fugitive dust (especially during hot and dry weather) e.g. by covering the haulage
trucks with tarpaulin and where possible the movement of material will be kept to a
minimum.
IV. The contractor will be obligated to ensure responsible waste management, for
example identification and engagement of an approved waste contractor, in
consultation with the Municipal Environment Officer, who will dispose of waste to a
licensed area/ landfill;
V. Waste will be collected, sorted and temporarily stockpiled in a designated area
before haulage off site.
VI. Waste minimization will be emphasized and implemented throughout this stage of
the project;
VII. Avoiding and/or minimize waste generation where practical by improvements or
changes in the project design or site procedures;
VIII. The principles of an integrated solid waste management system will be implemented
i.e. reduction at source, reuse and recycle. This will be implemented by use of
accurate estimates of dimensions and quantities of materials required, use of
durable materials that will not require replacement often, providing proper facilities
for handling and storage of construction materials to minimize waste by damage;
IX. Waste will be removed from the site in a manner consistent with national
regulations (for example, transporters will be licensed). While transporting waste,
care will be taken to prevent waste spreading to areas outside the site boundary;
X. Construction workers will be provided with appropriate protective gear during
handling of waste;
XI. Consider maximizing the re-use of excavated materials for example, within
landscape mounds;
XII. Provide an area within the construction site to allow for sorting and segregation of
materials
XIII. Material will be covered during heavy rainfall;
XIV. Using dust suppression techniques (such as dampening with fine water spray and
covering with tarpaulin);
XV. Locating stockpiles to minimize potential visual impacts;
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Impact Mitigation Enhancement
Before the commencement of civil works, the contractor will develop a Waste Management
Plan (WMP) to be implemented during civil works. The WMP will be consistent with the waste
legislation of Uganda and other national and international best practices. The WMP will be a
conclusive approach to manage all waste components in accordance with the best health,
environmental, economic and engineering practices (and responsive to public attitudes). The
WMP will be developed on the basis of the Waste Management Hierarchy,
6.3.3 Loss of vegetation

Establishment of the proposed project will trigger vegetation clearance which may affect the
general and localized environment, modify microclimate and possibly lead to loss in animal
habitats in the area. However, given the location, the site existential vegetation may appear
of no significant conservation value.
Construction)
Impact severity: The likelihood of the impact occurring is high since project activities will
commence with ridding the entire area of the existing vegetation, and the duration is long-
term where vegetation will be replaced by buildings. Although occurrence is medium,
impact extent is limited to the project site and impact magnitude is low since potential
impacts on original vegetation have already occurred, the site being previously cleared of
vegetation. However, the probable impacts of vegetation removal will be restored during
area landscape upon completion of the establishment phase. Hence overall, impact is
assessed to be negligible.
Impact significance
Intensi
impact

ty of

Impact receptors; Project site
Mitigation Measures:
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I. Landscaping all open areas after the completion of the project and manage the
introduced vegetation on completion of the development to restore or improve the
site
6.3.4 Impact on Air quality

Higher traffic volume as a result of construction works might lead to deterioration of local
air shed. Exhaust emissions from construction equipment might elevate local levels of
exhaust particulates (soot), oxides of sulphur (SOx), oxides of nitrogen (NOX), ground level
ozone and unburnt fuel emissions or volatile organic carbons (VOCs), all of which can
exacerbate various respiratory ailments especially in elderly people and children. Activities
likely to affect air quality include earthworks (excavation, grading, shaping), haulage and
dumping of construction material such as gravel, aggregate and sand from their various
sources to the sites.
Therefore, increase in traffic from construction project construction equipment and

vehicular movement is expected to increase dust levels in areas where they were below the
minimum standards.
Construction)
Impact characterization:
Dust will degrade local air quality and possibly lead to short-term respiratory health effects.
The dust will also cause a nuisance to households located near the project site. Staining of
trade commodities in shops (especially foodstuffs: salt, sugar, flour, etc) with dust
translates into a financial loss for local business owners. Excessive dust in dwellings poses
a short-term health impact. The magnitude of this impact is expected to be moderate.
Impact significance is therefore predicted to be Moderate.
Impact significance:
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Impact receptors: Settlements and social amenities close to the project site e.g. Kikonko
Central Primary School.
I. The Contractor will make all reasonable effort to suppress dust during earthworks
and specific actions will include continually watering dusty construction areas with
a water bowser.
II. Installation of humps along the project site road as well as haulage routes to reduce
the speed of trucks
III. During transportation, material should be covered with tarpaulin to prevent loose
particles from flying off into the atmosphere thus affecting air quality
IV. The contractor shall institute measures to control emission of gases from vehicles
and equipment, this can be done by frequent and timely servicing of these vehicles
V. Burning of garbage in the workers’ camp and at the project site shall be prohibited.
VI. The contractor shall provide appropriate PPE to workers engaged in dusty settings
for example nose masks;
VII. The contractor shall undertake continuous awareness creation to the public
regarding the scheduled works in order to minimise submission of complaints from
the public
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6.3.5 Impact on Ambient Noise
During construction, it is anticipated that various activities will lead to increment in existing
noise levels in the project area. Activities such as movement of construction vehicles and
machinery including: trucks, concrete mixer, earth works, offloading and loading of
equipment and material at site among others will generally contribute to the increase in noise
levels.
Construction)
Impact characterization:
Impact magnitude is expected to be moderate and sensitivity medium considering the
already elevated as a result of ongoing construction works in the neighborhood and the
already existing industries. Therefore, impact significance is Moderate.
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Impact receptors: Dwellings and social amenities near the project site e.g. e.g. Kikonko
Central Primary School.
I. The contractor’s workers on site will be made aware of, and adhere to, the regulatory
noise limits for a construction site in a commercial area (75 dBA) and that in a
residential area (60 dBA) as provided for by the National Environment (Noise
Standards & Control) Regulations, 2003;
II. Construction activities will be limited to daytime;
III. Regular care and maintenance of vehicles and equipment will be undertaken to
ensure they run smoothly so as to minimize emissions of noise;
IV. Project machines will be turned off when not in use;
V. Workers’ campsites and equipment yard will be located at least 1km away from any
dwelling
VI. The contractor shall provide workers engaged in noise generating activities with
appropriate PPE; and specifically ear muffs.
6.3.6 Disrupted traffic and access
During construction activities may disrupt traffic flow and impede access to social
infrastructure e.g. schools, health services, markets and worship centre. This may result
into considerable disruption of economic and social activities in the project area and may
cause stress and resentment of project activities.

Construction)
Impact severity: Blockage of access to social amenities and property may lead to loss of
income of traders who fail to access their shops or markets. In cases where access to health
facilities is blocked, it could lead to loss of lives. People are also at risk of accidents as they
try to manoeuvre around blocked facilities. Likelihood of impact occurrence is medium but
severity high where there is loss of income and in accident cases. Impact significance is
therefore major.
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Impact receptors; Community, school going children and teachers, business persons.
I. The Contractor should provide alternative routes and provide adequate and
appropriate signs warning road users about traffic detours.
II. The contractor should notify the community of the detours in advance through
community meetings, radio and other measures.
III. Contractor should employ flag persons at detours to guide/ control traffic.
IV. In some cases, traffic may have to be diverted temporarily across private land. In
such cases, permission will be obtained from the land owners, as well as from
community leaders.
6.3.7 Soil Erosion and Drainage Impacts

Soil erosion is most likely to occur during the construction period due to excavation,
dredging, cutting and filling, removal of vegetation cover and unplanned temporary storage
of gravel.
Construction)
Impact severity; this negative impact is temporary and can be reversible with proper
erosion control practices. Impact magnitude is expected to be moderate and receptor
sensitivity medium because drainage impacts have been prevalent in the neighborhoods
even before the project. Therefore, impact significance is Moderate.
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Impact receptors: Wetland and Factories close to the project site.

i. Where necessary, alternative drainage shall be created to avoid localised floods;
ii. Unnecessary vegetation clearance will be avoided;
iii. For civil works undertaken during rainy periods, silt traps and interceptor drains
shall be provided on site;
iv. Overburden or other construction materials shall not be stored or dumped near
marshes;
v. When construction is undertaken during rainy periods, the free flow of water shall
be maintained using sludge pumps or flexible hoses to bypass the construction site
without stagnating and contaminating the water; and,
vi. Appropriate engineering designs and standards shall be adopted to maintain
vii. Roof water will be harvested and directed to the tanks that will be installed on the
project buildings.
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6.3.8 Damage to material haulage roads
Project construction works will necessitate transportation of materials from sources to
worksite. Heavy trucks may cause damage to the haulage roads rendering them non-
motorable especially in rainy seasons.
Construction)
Impact severity: Likelihood of this potential impact actually occurring is high since materials
will be ferried from different locations to the project site. Material haulage will be short-term
ceasing with completion of construction activities but the damage of the roads will be long
term and could lead to secondary effects such as accidents. Impact severity is medium with
implementation of appropriate measures and so overall, impact significance is major.
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Medium 3 Minor 3 Moderate 6 Moderate 9 Major 12

Receptors: All users of these roads.
i. Contractor should provide temporary road signage during construction and
ensure drivers observe speed limits of 40km/hr.
ii. Contractor should maintain the haulage routes in a motorable state by
rehabilitating the existing roads utilized for transportation of material during
road construction.
iii. Driver shall sign a code of conduct on speed control and observing road
regulations
iv. Training of Drivers on speed control through conducting tool box talks
v. Contractor should provide speed control devices, for example, humps.
6.3.9 Infringement on the rights of women and girls at the work place and in
communities
The concerns include; sexual harassment of the female workers by the male workers
especially their superiors, denial of employment opportunities to women due to the nature of
employment opportunities usually available in the construction works that are usually
perceived to be managed by men, physical violence, and male partners forcefully taking away
women’s pay and lack of proper public facilities such as toilets and shelter for their children
as they work. Other potential negative impacts on women include immorality especially with
the young girls of the area in efforts to gain favour for employment opportunities, this can
result into spread of sexually transmitted diseases such as HIV/AIDS and other sexually
related diseases, abandonment by partners in case of unwanted pregnancies among others.
Construction)
Impact severity;
The likelihood of impact occurrence is high. Impact intensity is medium; however,
consequences of family breakages, sexual assault and sexually transmitted diseases can lead
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to long term effects. However, the impact can be effectively alleviated against by
implementation of the appropriate measures hence making the overall impact moderate.
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Receptors; Women and girls

Mitigation measures
i. The contractor will develop and implement a sexual harassment policy
containing reporting procedures in case of any incident and penalties to the
culprits. The contents of the policy will be disseminated to all workers.
ii. IEC material prohibiting violence and sexual harassment will be displayed in
conspicuous places at all work sites including the camp
iii. Induction and continuous sensitization of all workers and supervisors about
sexual harassment will be undertaken to avoid any possible sexual harassment.
iv. Information dissemination about dangers of HIV/AIDS to the community will be
done all throughout the period of the project. The messages will be passed on
using the locally understood language for better understanding and the main
means of information access to make them effective.
v. Workers will be sensitized on their gender rights and responsibilities. The
Contractor will conduct gender sensitization to the work force on matters such
as gender sensitive communication and on the gender sensitive conduct of
workers towards women amongst others.
vi. The project will install gender sensitivity facilities (toilets and bath shelters).
vii. The contractor will develop and implement a Code of Conduct that will prohibit
use of abusive and obscene language and prohibit sexual relations with the local
communities especially married couple to avoid family break ups.
viii. The contractor shall ensure engendering recruitment of workers within the
contractor’s recruitment policy by ensuring both males and female have equal
opportunity to work or supply contractors
ix. Recruitment of Social Development Officer/ Sociologist to ensure compliance
with Gender and equity requirements under the contract
x. The working time shall be between 8-00 am to 5:30 pm to enable women attend
to their home activities before and after work
xi. The contractor shall have and implement a Gender Based Violence code of
conduct
xii. Conduct community sensitizations on gender inclusiveness and equity
xiii. The contractor shall ensure provision of gender responsive Personal Protective
Equipment
xiv. At the campsite, the contractor shall provide a room for lactating mothers to
breastfeed their babies.
xv. The contractor shall provide emergency sanitary wear for females and separate
containers for their disposal
xvi. The contractor shall ensure provision of both male and female condoms within
the campsite, preferably in the toilets.
6.3.10 Insecurity
The influx of new people in the project area comes with all sorts of vices including stealing
project materials and equipment. Such unscrupulous people may involve the local
community members and project workers in their activities which in the long run might affect
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the quality of the works. Security threats such as theft can lead to loss of construction
materials such as stones, and cement bags, that in turn may lead to delay in work progress,
shortage of materials and contractor’s capital and above all failure to complete work.
Construction)
Impact Evaluation:
Theft of project materials normally leads to an increase in the project cost and may contribute
to project delays.
Receptors: Local community and the contractor.
Impact significance: Sensitivity is rated very low since the project activities will be undertaken
within an enclosed area by relatively small number of workers and the influx of workers will
be limited by the strict recruitment policy by the contractor. The Intensity Is rated medium
because the occurrence of security threats may pose a problem and risk to both the works
and the workers and will have a moderate impact on the project as this can delay construction
works or even hinder project implementation. The significance of the impact is Moderate
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Mitigation Measures
All reasonable effort will be made to minimise insecurity and theft issues during construction
activities and specific actions include:
i. Involve LC1s in recruitment of workers who should all present national IDs for easy
identification;
ii. Hire security guards from a registered company that have records of each guard, to
protect both the contractor and the project site;
iii. Ensure adequate lighting at the site at night;
iv. Collaborate with Kiira Municipal Council police stations.
v. “No Trespassing” signs will be prominently displayed on fencing or the perimeter of
the job site. Such signs will discourage unauthorized intrusion onto the job site and
if correctly worded aids in the prosecution of apprehended trespassers.
6.3.11 Occupational diseases and accident risks to workers

Construction traffic, excavation and working with equipment may pose accident risk to
workers either when equipment is operated by inexperienced workers or when in a poor
mechanical condition.
Inadequate OHS risks or problems could also result from insufficient medical capability at
the construction site; or neglect of safety equipment, precautions and procedures.
Construction noise is a major source of environmental noise pollution and a cluster of
equipment at the construction site can produce a steady roar throughout the day. Lack of
hand wash water and mobile toilet facilities at work site could also pose considerable
inconvenience and health risk to workers (or local communities traversed). Some impacts
could be accidents that are minor while others could be grave leading to permanent disability
or loss of life of construction workers.
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Construction)
Impact characterisation
Duration of the impact will be both short-term occurring only during the construction phase
and long term during the operation phase, but the magnitude in terms of potential number
of workers affected would be classified as major. The extent of the impact will be local or
national depending on origin of construction workers. The likelihood of the impact occurring
is high considering the usually low level of safety at construction sites in Uganda and receptor
sensitivity is high considering the potentially grave consequences of occupational accidents.
Significance of this impact is therefore predicted to be moderate.
Impact evaluation: Accidents could cause considerable damage, financial loss and harm to
human life. While largely reversible, some impacts such as loss of human life and body injury
are irreversible.
Impact significance: The receptor sensitivity is considered medium given that although such
impacts may be irreversible once they occur; the workers have done similar work and have
knowledge on how to avoid such incidences. Nevertheless, this gives rise to an impact of
moderate significance.
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Mitigation measures
i. Hoarding off the site to prevent access by un authorized person
ii. A qualified Health and Safety Officer will be recruited by the Contractor to
oversee OHS matters on a daily basis.
iii. All construction workers will be oriented on safe work practices and guidelines
and ensure that they adhere to them. The contractor will conduct toolbox
meeting every morning before work commences
iv. Appropriate signage will be used to warn staff and/ or visitors that are not
involved in construction and operation activities in risky places.
v. Provide first Aid kits fully equipped with the necessary materials at working site;
and train a first aider to administer it.
vi. The Contractor shall display “No smoking” signs in office, construction camps as
well as high risk areas prone to fire hazards e.g. near fuel tanks; and
vii. The Contractor shall provide signage reminding workers of use of PPE at
appropriate locations within the camp.
viii. Strict instructions will be given to drivers and operators of equipment/
machinery.
Road traffic signs should be installed on access roads to control speed of vehicles
transporting material to the site
ix. Supervision of works should be done regularly (daily during construction and
weekly during operation) to ensure that safety conditions are met while any
deviation from safety regulations is immediately reclaimed following the best
practices regarding safety at work.
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x. Clear communication line will be set between workers and operators/ drivers of
heavy equipment.
xi. Adequate and appropriate personnel protective gear will be provided to the
employees.
xii. Instituting Health and Safety committees
xiii. Conducting routine Health and Safety Inspections to identify risks associated
with various activities in order to mitigate them early enough
xiv. Establish a camp site clinic with basic medical equipment and a qualified health
personnel
xv. The contractor shall have a Doctor on call in cases of emergencies
xvi. The contractor shall identify and have MoU with Medical service provider for
referral cases
xvii. The contractor shall have an onsite Ambulance for transportation of casualties
and patients for medical care
xviii. Working time shall be restricted to 8:00 am to 6:30 pm
xix. Each worker shall have a duly signed contract, code of conduct and biodata form
xx. The contractor shall issue all workers with company identification.
xxi. The contractor’s Health and safety officer in conjunction with the Municipal
Health Officer shall organise and conduct regular First Aid trainings of all
workers
xxii. Tool box talks
xxiii. Recruit the cleaners to ensure the work place is kept in a state of cleanliness
and security guards to ensure work place is properly secured
xxiv. Provide registers for all workers and visitors
xxv. Workers remuneration shall be made not exceeding 7 days from due date
xxvi. Walk ways with visible paint shall be put with the plant.
xxvii. Warning signages shall be installed on the machines. The signages having
information such as hot surfaces, don’t touch, among others.
xxviii. Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) shall be installed on the machines
xxix. The floor of the production and storage areas should be kept dry.
6.3.12 Increased risk of spread of HIV/AIDS and other STDs to workers and
community
The proposed project is expected to be generating an influx of migrant workers which will
increase the risk of spread of HIV/AIDS and other STDs among workers and in the
community. The impact of increased risk of HIV includes pressure on local health systems,
impact on community livelihood and social cohesion. The proposed project may cause
population influx which will outweigh the available ART services and access to Antiretroviral
drugs since government cannot adjust supply subsequently. Increased HIV prevalence would
result into reversal of economic gains within the community and may reduce the ability of
the community to benefit from the project.
Construction)
Impact severity: Unless adequate sensitisation of all workers and communities in the project
area is undertaken by contractor, likelihood of the impact occurring is medium (considering
some level of awareness among general populace). Duration of the impact will be long-term
lasting the victims’ life time. Impact severity is high and overall, significance is major.
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Intensi
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Impact receptors; Project construction workers, Local community

Mitigation measures
i. Continuous sensitization of workers and community should be conducted to
raise awareness of HIV/AIDS
ii. As much as possible, construction workers should be accommodated at the
camp to reduce interaction with the community that would increase the risk of
HIV/AIDS spread
iii. Facilitate medical centers near the project site with medical supplies like testing
kits to deliver services to the community.
iv. Provide free male and female condoms at the workers’ camp preferably in the
toilets and sensitize workers on their correct usage
v. Facilitate HCT/ART outreaches in the communities
6.3.13 Increase in Gender inequalities including Gender Based Violence

High disposable income especially for males increases predisposition to extra marital affairs.
The extra marital affairs often involve both married and un-married male and females and
sometimes young females below the age of consent. This newly introduced behaviour leads
to a high level of family conflict, family break-ups and physical violence among others. Other
gender issues include; sexual harassment, polygamy and male partners forcefully taking
away women’s pay. Some husbands reportedly become unruly and abuse their wives because
they feel they can access any woman of their choice.
Construction)
Impact severity: Unless adequate sensitisation of workers and the community is undertaken,
likelihood of the impact occurring is high (considering some level of awareness among general
populace). Duration of the impact will be short term lasting construction phase but associated
social and health effects are long-term and irreversible. This is impact of high severity
resulting in an overall significance level of major.
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Impact receptors; communities around the project site
Mitigation measures
i. Contractor with his/her subcontractors should be obliged to have Codes of
Conduct for employees and anti-retaliation policies.
ii. Distribution of IEC materials to workers and communities within the project
area
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iii. Sensitization of community members on the challenges of additional disposable
income of migrant workers how it can have a disruptive effect on the family and
therefore be prepared
iv. Sensitization to both contactors and communities on gender related issues for
example, during construction, gender sensitive messages should be adopted
(examples include “Go Slow, Construction Works in Progress” as opposed to
“Men at Work”
v. Empower community leadership to be able to protect the rights of children,
woman and family norms.
vi. The contractors should have regular community engagement meetings.
vii. The contractors should have grievance redress mechanisms.
6.3.14 Child Sexual Abuse and Exploitation

There is one school near the project site. It is likely that workers associated with the project
will engage in sexual relationships with school and under aged children. During a community
meeting, raised concern about previous construction projects where child labour and early
pregnancy was reported. The community indicated that re-occurrence of such behaviours
may reduce community support for the project.
Construction)
Impact severity: the likelihood of this impact occurring is medium considering the school
nearby is a primary. Impact intensity is high since the sexually abused children may suffer
complications that can last their times, including contracting diseases, child pregnancies and
school dropout. Overall, impact significance is medium.
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Impact receptors; children in communities and school around the project sites
Mitigation measures
i. The contractor will be required to develop child protection plan which will be
implemented in collaboration with community leaders, schools and districts.
ii. No child (any person below 18 years) shall be employed by the contractor or sub-
contractor on this project
iii. The contractor to provide barriers (hoarding) of the school sections near the
roads to minimize interruption of children’s learning during construction
activities
iv. Provide road signages along schools
v. The contractor will be required to collaborate with communities to provide
information on child abuse cases.
vi. Integrate HIV and AIDS awareness to children
vii. The community should be sensitized on the risks of child abuse
viii. Contractors should consult and engage the School administration before works
commencement near the schools
ix. The contractor to maximise periods of school holidays when children are out of
school
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x. Minimize the interaction of children with the workers, and closely monitor and
report worker’s behaviour/conduct.
xi. Provide adequate sensitization to workers, community and schools on road
safety
xii. Cases of abuse should be reported to the police for investigation and
prosecution.
xiii. Involving school management committees in ensuring accidents prevention and
management
6.3.15 Impacts on community health and safety

With the influx of people in an area as a result of construction works and introduction of
equipment and various materials comes associated impacts that affect the health and safety
of the communities in the project area. Machinery and equipment such as vibrators, graders,
trucks, rollers/compactors, excavators, concrete mixers, vehicles etc increase traffic around
the project and increase the risks of accidents near the project site. Construction activities
generate dust, noise and vibrations and the influx of temporary construction labour from
different places increase the rate of spread of communicable diseases e.g. Covid 19, Flu,
cough, STIs, enteric fevers rising from poor sanitation in residences of the workers, among
others.
Construction)
Impact severity: the likelihood of this impact occurring is medium considering the fact that
there are settlements and institutions around. Impact intensity is medium since the impacts
will be short term and will only last the construction period. However, for those that have
contracted communicable diseases like HIV/AIDS, the impact will be long term and
irreversible. Nonetheless, measures can be instituted to avoid the occurrence of these
impacts. Overall, the impact significance is moderate.
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Impact receptors; communities, businesses and institutions around project site
Mitigation measures
i. The contractor will employ flag person at the access road to the site
ii. The contractor shall conduct continuous sensitization of the workers regarding
public safety and health
iii. The contractor shall provide gender sensitive mobile toilets with hand-washing
facilities for workers at the project site
iv. Humps will be erected to reduce speed near the project site and material
haulage routes
v. Noise generating activities will be restricted to day time (7:00am to 6:00pm) to
allow the community rest at night
vi. Dust suppression by regular sprinkling of water at the project site and material
haulage routes. Sprinkling especially close to, settlements and institutions can
be done thrice a day Depending on the weather.
vii. The contractor will work in close collaborations with Traffic Police to enforce
traffic rules and regulations along the roads near the project.
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viii. The contractor shall ensure that all project trucks and vehicles are serviced
regularly and operated by licensed operators.
6.3.16 Risks related to Mismanagement of Project Workers

The contractor shall have varying categories of workers experts, semi-skilled and non-skilled
labour force. The different categories of workers are likely to experience differential treatment
related to selective recruitment, denial of contracts, poor remuneration, unfair dismissal and
harassment.
The following steps with mitigation measures shall be followed to ensure proper recruitment,
management and discharge of workers.
I. Identification of staffing requirements in line with contract and ESMP. The
contractor’s team will be supported by the Human Resource Officer to document the
job requirements for any existing unfilled position. The requirements will cover the
following aspects;
a. Name of job
b. Category of the job (Technical or Non-technical)
c. Reporting structure
d. Duration of the job (Permanent for the project period or part time)
e. Gender Preference (For females only or open for all)
f. Any age preference
g. Qualifications (academic, experience)
h. Recruitment modalities (Open to Locals within the municipality or to all
Nationals)
i. Application procedure (Hand written letter, filled form, recommendations
from Local council)
j. Advertisement motilities (local radio, sub county notice boards,
announcements in local churches)
k. Payment terms (Daily, Weekly, Monthly)
l. Amount payable
m. Any statutory deductions (PAYE, NSSF, Staff Provident etc)
n. Benefits (Medical cover, workman’s compensation, lunch, transport,
accommodation, water during working hours, medication, PPEs etc)
o. Anticipated start Date of candidate
p. Anticipated end of contract
II. Review and approval by Consultant
The contractor shall then submit the jobs requirements to the Consultant for discussion and
review. Since there are staff who are contractual to the assignment and those who are
required under ESMMP implementation, the consultant shall ensure that the Client has
approved these requirements.
III. Advertisement
The contractor will engage the Local stakeholders like LC1 to ensure that the available jobs
during the project are locally advertised in English and local language (s) to attract local
applicant. Adverts will be also run on local media like Local Radios.
IV. Selecting, Interviewing, Screening, Vetting
A selected team of contractor and the LC1 will be formed under the guidance of contractor’s
Human Resource Officer to undertake selection of candidates based on their eligibility
compared with the set selection criteria as advertised and stated in the job requirements. The
shortlisted candidates will then undergo interviews to select the best candidates. Best
candidates will be screened for any previous conviction of criminal offences like Child Abuse,
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Sexual harassment etc and their medical status will be confirmed by a designed Medical
Doctor.
V. Contract signing (staff and service providers)
After vetting and medical checkups, the qualifying best candidates will then be contracted.
Contracting shall include an engagement and/ contract stating among others the following;
a. Name of Person
b. Contacts
c. Job Number
d. Job title
e. Terms of engagement (period, deliverables, reporting, salary/ wages, applicable
statutory deductions, benefits)
f. Commencement date
g. End date
h. Working Hours
i. Circumstances of termination of engagement by either party
j. Applicable laws, Policies and Procedure for the engagement
k. Authorized signature
VI. Orientation and training of staff
The Human Resource Officer shall liaise with the Project team to orient all workers in existing
policies including human resource, Child protection, Alcohol and Drug Abuse, Sexual
Harassment, GBV, Environmental Protection, HIV/ AIDS Policies etc. The key safeguards
requirements of Environment, Social, Health and Safety issues are complied with and the
consequences of noncompliance shall be discussed across all staff. Staff will be given an
opportunity to ask and clarify on a number of issues including circumstances under which
the job could be lost and the safety measures for the job including disciplinary mechanisms,
grievance redress mechanisms etc.
VII. Ensuring Workers’ operations and welfare
The contractor shall fulfil the employer’s requirements as enlisted in the contract and
required by different legislations like Occupational Safety and Health, Employment Act, NCCF
Act, etc.
VIII. Deployment based on knowledge/skill and health condition (disabled, sick, etc)
o The recruitment shall be based on the qualifications and skills.
o For affirmative action, there will be particular jobs for females although the rest of
the jobs will be open for both males and females. There will be no discrimination to
persons with disabilities, persons living with HIV and AIDS in deployment
o The contractor will however consider availability of required support such
individuals including access to health services.
IX. Site disciplinary measures for workforce and discharge strategy; Immunity of the
workforce (fair treatment strategy)
o The purpose of a disciplinary procedure is to ensure that employees reach the
required standards-both in conduct and competence- in discharging their duties.
o Before a disciplinary procedure is invoked at all, the employee shall be informally
counselled about his conduct, attendance, work standards, or whatever it is that’s
causing the problem.
o To ensure workers’ participation in disciplinary processes, the workers will
constitute themselves to select representatives and form a workers’ council that will
be the key structure of ensuring that workers’ grievances are captured and
addressed by management.
o The Contractor’s Sociologist will have the duty of ensuring that a workers’ council is
selected with more guidance sought from Labour Office.
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X. Workers’, remuneration and welfare:
o The contractor shall state agreed amount in Uganda Shillings payable for each of the
workers in the contract and the payment terms either weekly, daily or monthly. This
shall be agreed upon by either party for avoidance of doubt.
o The contractor shall provide safe drinking water at the sites for workers and visitors
at all times
o The contractor provides breakfast and lunch for all workers at the sites in kind to
ensure efficiency and effectiveness of the workforce.
o Special eating places shall be identified and inspected in the field so that workers
eat from a safe place. At the campsite, designated eating space shall be provided for
all workers.
XI. Accommodation for workers (Campsite or special lodging; or people reside in their
homes).
o Generally, the contractor shall decide if there will be lodging facilities within the
camp.
o Where not all workers will not be accommodated in the camp, they will get their
accommodation on their own and all these costs will be part of their pay
o The contractor will encourage recruitment of local personnel who already have
residences in the project area
o The contractor shall ensure that workers deliver their work within the official
working hours (8:00am to 5:00) and only an hour shall be allowed under
circumstances with prior approval from the Site Engineer.
o Mondays to Saturdays will be working days and normal payment mechanisms shall
apply
o No works shall be done on Sundays
o Where work is to be performed on a Public holiday, any works to be done shall be
approved by the consultant
o An amount stated in the HR Policy shall then apply for each day worked on a Public
Holiday
6.3.17 Potential encounter and destruction of PCRs

Since no physical cultural resources were identified at and around the project site during
the study that would be directly affected by project activities, this impact is only anticipated
as a result of accidental unearthing of archaeological remains that may lead to their loss or
permanent displacement due to land disturbances during construction activities. It should
be noted that archaeological and paleontological resources mostly are buried underneath,
they may therefore be degraded and displaced unknowingly (chance finds).
Construction)
Impact severity; the likelihood of this impact occurring is very low since the possibility of
encounter of buried resources during soil filling is does not exist. Sensitivity of the impact is
high due to the attachment of community such finds especially human remains and overall
impact significance minor.
Intensi
impact

ty of

Impact receptors; communities round project site
Mitigation measures
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i. Implementation of chance finds procedure
ii. Sensitization of workers to be aware of the possibility of encountering
archaeological remains and the procedure to be followed
iii. Bi-annual or incidental trainings shall be conducted to ensure the workers
manage the PCRs as per set regulations and guidelines.
iv. In compliance with the law, any chance finds should be reported to the
Department of Museums and Monuments of the Ministry of Tourism, Wildlife
and Heritage and the Chief Administrative officer (CAO).
v. Local leaders and religious leaders should be notified if the finds are not of
interest to the Department of Museums and Monuments. These shall guide the
contractor in reburying such finds.
6.3.18 Pollution and hazardous waste spillage

During construction activities, there is potential of spillage of hazardous wastes may
include used oils and lead acid batteries among others. A spill of liquid, solid or gaseous
waste would impair the usefulness of the land, water or air where it is released.

Construction)
Impact severity; hazardous waste maybe toxic to animals especially aquatic life and
humans if ingested or inhaled causing minor to adverse effects like death, flammable and
could cause fire outbreaks that destroy property and lives or corrosive when in contact with
human skin and other material. The likelihood of the impact occurring is high considering
the usually low level of safety at construction sites in Uganda and receptor sensitivity is
medium, however sensitivity of the impact is high due to the effect caused by the waste on
humans and the environment and overall impact significance major.
Intensi
impact

ty of

Mitigation measures
i. The contractor should prepare and implement a spill contingency plan that
outlines the main sources of hazardous waste within his construction activities,
procedure for spill containment, roles and responsibilities of contractor’s key
staff in spill response among others.
ii. The contractor should have in place spill kits and ensure that workers are
trained on how to use them
iii. Prohibit use of hazardous waste sources by unauthorised personnel; this could
lead to poor handling hence spillage
iv. Sensitize workers on hazardous waste management
v. Contractor should provide well labelled special containers for storage of
hazardous waste
vi. Transportation and disposal of hazardous waste should be done by a licensed
hazardous waste handler
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plant
vii. All construction equipment should be kept in good operating condition to avoid
oil or fuel leakages that might contaminate water resources. Poorly maintained
machinery should not be allowed to operate on site. All routine maintenance of
construction machinery and vehicles should be carried out in a designated
workshop/maintenance area with concrete surface and drainage to an oil
interceptor.
viii. Water quality of streams traversed by the plant drainage outlets should be
monitored on a monthly basis, with samples taken and analysed for all forms of
contaminants.
ix. Any hazardous wastes including material soiled with hazardous wastes and
empty containers of hazardous materials should be stored in a designated area
on site for regular removal and disposal by a registered contractor.
x. Fuel handling and oil spill measures should be implemented to prevent, control
and address spill or leaks. Fuel and oil handling should be assigned to trained
personnel and done at designated places at the contractor’s camp.
6.3.19 Impact on local area hydrology
Hydrology in this context is the movement, distribution and management of water in the
project area, its physical and chemical properties and its relationship with the living and
material components of the environment. It also includes water source pollution as
contamination of wetland and some marshes around and near the project site by the
project activities.

Construction)
Impact Evaluation: During construction activities, there is potential of contamination

associated with the construction activities such as; excavation, project fleet maintenance
which include: sediments, fuels and lubricating oils from the fleet; welding wastes; paints
and solvents; and hydro-testing chemicals if used (for example, biocides, oxygen scavengers
and corrosion of the pipes), etc. Oils and greases contain hydrocarbons and/or heavy
metals such as lead, chromium and cadmium, which are known domestic water pollutants.
Increased water runoff and seepage from the work site could potentially result in
contamination of these surface water and in turn affect underground source aquifers. The
likelihood of this impact occurring is medium with a high sensitivity, hence bearing a major
overall impact significance.
Intensi
impact

ty of

Mitigation measures
i. All construction equipment should be kept in good operating condition to avoid
oil or fuel leakages that might contaminate water resources.
ii. Fuel handling and oil spill measures should be implemented to prevent, control
and address spill or leaks.
iii. Where necessary, alternative drainage shall be created to avoid localised floods;
iv. Unnecessary vegetation clearance will be avoided;
v. For civil works undertaken during rainy periods, silt traps and interceptor drains
shall be provided on site;
vi. Overburden or other construction materials shall not be stored or dumped near
marshes;
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plant
vii. When construction is undertaken during rainy periods, the free flow of water
shall be maintained using sludge pumps or flexible hoses to bypass the
construction site without stagnating and contaminating the water; and,
viii. Appropriate engineering designs and standards shall be adopted to maintain
ix. The project should acquire water abstraction permits with conditions to guide
the amount of water to be abstracted as stipulated in the Water Supply
Regulations (1999). Water abstraction will comply with rates allowed by the
DWRM permit that will be obtained.
6.3.20 Risk of Spread / transmission of communicable diseases including Covid-19
Impacts relating to spread / transmission of communicable diseases to both site workers and
communities are expected, given that we are experiencing a resurgence in Covid-19 cases
and community transmission is high in the country.

Construction)
Impact Evaluation: During construction and operation activities, there is high potential of
spread of communicable diseases to both site workers and communities are expected, given
that we are experiencing a resurgence in Covid-19 cases and community transmission is
high in the country The likelihood of this impact occurring is medium with a high
sensitivity, hence bearing a major overall impact significance.
Intensi
impact

ty of

Impact receptors; Workers, communities around project site
Mitigation Measures
• Ensure that contractors observe all the Ministry of Health (MoH) Standard Operating
Procedures for Covid-19 prevention including i) adequate personal protective
equipment / face masks for all site workers; (ii) thermometers for temperature testing
and (iii) sanitizer and hand washing facilities at all work sites
• Minimize as much as possible interactions between members of the community and

project workers
• Liaise with district Covid-19 task force for timely management of cases as they may
arise
• The Contractor should develop and implement a COVID 19 management plan.
• Sensitize all project employees about the signs and symptoms of COVID-19 as well as
the ways to control its spread.
6.3.21 Risk of fire

Construction and operation of the facility may pose fire risks if appropriate measures are not
put in place. Fires can start from combustible materials at the site like plastics, poor electrical
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plant
connections or cigarette smoking in non-designated places. The damage could be loss of
property or even human life. Whereas damage to property is a reversible adverse impact, loss
of human life is irreversible. It might not always be possible to avoid all potential sources of
fire accidents hence the need to take precautions. With the implementation of the suggested
mitigation measures, the significance of the impact can be reduced from high negative to low
negative.

Construction)
Impact Evaluation: During construction and operation activities, there is medium likelihood
of fire outbreak given there are combustibles used at the project site. The sensitivity is high
given that the damage could lead to loss of property or even human life, hence bearing a
major overall impact significance.
Intensi
impact

ty of

Impact receptors; Developer, Workers
Mitigation Measures:
I. Install fire alarms in the facility and fire suppression system like fire extinguishers in
various parts or sections of the facility;
II. Install a hydrant system of adequate capacity to handle emergencies involving large
fires.
III. Designate areas for smoking and as a muster point.
IV. Workers should have basic training in fire prevention and control.
V. Undertake fire drills, at a minimum once a month.
VI. Electrical installation shall conform to acceptable national safety standards.
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7.0 COMPARISON OF PROJECT ALTERNATIVES
7.1 ANALYSIS OF PROJECT ALTERNATIVES

The analysis of alternatives presented here is aimed at identification of practical options that
would eliminate negative impacts of the proposed project. The analysis is based on two
scenarios: the “no- project alternative/ or no action” option and undertaking the project as
proposed. The analysis took into consideration the pre-construction, planning and design to
determine the extent to which environmental impacts were taken into account. A comparative
analysis of impacts and benefits associated with the main project alternatives (action option
and no-action option) is also presented. The action option was further analysed on the basis
of location, engineering design, and operational practices.
7.1.1 “No- Project “Alternatives

This would mean that the status quo is maintained, and no improvements on the existing
coffee processing plant/technology is done and the current state of the plantis maintained.
This alternative is required to ensure the consideration of the original environment without
any development. This is necessary for the decision-makers in considering all possibilities.
This option is the most suitable alternative from an environmental perspective as it ensures
non-interference with the existing conditions. As it is now the original environment will be
modified through construction of new structures at the site.
This option will however, involve several losses to the government, the donors and the
community because:
• There will be no added value to other establishments and the communities in the
neighbourhood
• The economic and social status of the area and the local people would remain
unchanged.
• The local skills would remain under-utilized.
• Reduced interaction both at local, national and international levels.
• No employment opportunities will be created.
• Increased poverty and crime in the area.
• There will be no Value addition to coffee and production of quality coffee for both
domestic consumption and for export
From the analysis above, it is obvious that the “No Project Alternative” is no alternative to the
Government of Uganda, the Community and donor community.
7.1.2 The “Proposed” Project

The positive impacts of the proposed project constitute the provision of employment
opportunities, generation of market for local products, increased production of high quality
green bean coffee for both domestic consumption and export, generation revenue to local and
central governments.
The following alternatives were analysed and considered:
7.1.2.1 Siting
The proposed site was selected primarily because it’s suitable for setting a manufacturing
plant since it’s in Kampala Industrial and Business Park (KIBP). The Government of Uganda,
through the Uganda Investment Authority (UIA) established KIBP to enable an organized
development of industrial and commercial space and ensure there are fewer conflicts between
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plant
residential and non-residential land-uses that are more prevalent in less-planned areas of
Kampala.
7.1.2.2 Project layout and design

The layout of proposed facilities took into account restrictions on river banks, lakeshores,
wetlands and protected zones. The proposed project will comprise of television assembling
plant, refrigerator manufacturing plant, warehouse for storage, parking yard, gender sensitive
sanitary facilities.
7.1.2.3 Construction practices

The constructions will primarily be done by contractors procured by the developer who are
supposed to abide by the construction standards set by the regulator bodies and Kiira
Municipal Council. The contractor will also give preference to locally-recruited personnel in
order to minimize on social vices that may arise from the influx of migrant labour.
7.1.2.4 Sourcing of construction materials and their alternatives

Preference will be given to locally produced materials supplied by reputable
contractors/suppliers. Burnt clay bricks sourced locally or otherwise by the supplier will be
used for the construction of walls. These clay bricks are preferred to cement blocks because
they are available locally and relatively fair in terms of cost compared to cement blocks. Sand
will also be procured locally. Extra precaution and due diligence will be taken to avoid dealing
with suppliers engaged in practices contrary to local environmental regulations.
Table 7.0-1: Comparison of project alternatives

No Environmental/social Alternative 1 – proposed Alternative 2- No-
issues Refrigerator manufacturing Project/No action
and television sets assembling
plant(Action option)
1 Land use and ▪ Change of land use through • No impact on land
aesthetics direct impact on unused land, use or aesthetics
and impact on neighbouring
plots/areas and gradual
change of use in the
surroundings.
• Loss of vegetation, visual

impact, and alteration of
topography
2 Air quality • Emission of hydrocarbons • No impact on air
from vehicle exhaust pipes quality
and dust from construction
activities
3 Soils & geology • Alteration of site geology and • No impact on site
drainage during soil filling, geology
grading, site clearing and
landscaping
4 Ecology • Loss of vegetation cover, soil • No impact on
erosion, potential alteration of ecological
surface water quality resources/services
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plant
No Environmental/social Alternative 1 – proposed Alternative 2- No-
issues Refrigerator manufacturing Project/No action
and television sets assembling
plant(Action option)
5 Socio-economic ▪ Employment opportunities for • No impact on
the local people socioeconomic well-
being
▪ Stimulation of local
development
▪ Additional income for local
food suppliers
• Incidences of child
abuse/HIV/AIDs /GBV /SH
6 Waste generation • Generation of solid/human • No impact
wastes during construction
and operation
7 Community health & • Impact on community health • No impact
safety and safety in form of
increased accident risks,
spread of diseases-HIV, STDs
and COVID-19 Pandemic
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8.0 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING /PLAN
8.1 Introduction
This Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) for the proposed project specifies
environmental and social aspects that should be managed and monitored for the duration of
the project. It describes the site-specific measures that will be implemented by the Contractor
and the implementing team to mitigate environmental and social impacts associated with
construction and operational activities. It also identifies parties responsible for monitoring
actions, associated costs, indicators and training or capacity building needs and reporting
systems, and will form the basis for the more detailed stand-alone Environmental and Social
Management Plan (ESMP) to be prepared by the Contractor. The Contractor will have
competent staff in the field of environmental and social management to ensure that
commitments in the ESIA report are implemented. Monitoring will involve measurements,
observations, evaluations, assessment and reporting on several parameters during the
implementation phases of the proposed project. It will also include regular reviews of the
impacts that cannot be adequately assessed before the beginning of the project, or which
arise unexpectedly. In such cases, appropriate new actions to mitigate any adverse effects
will be undertaken. Environmental monitoring will be carried out to ensure that the proposed
project construction activities comply and adhere to environment and social requirements. In
addition, implementation of mitigation measures in the ESIA statement and conditions of
approval from NEMA will have to be implemented and monitoring will be undertaken to
ensure that the compliance is achieved.
The Developer has competent engineers and the Environmental and Social Safeguard
Specialist to ensure that commitments in the ESIA statement are implemented.
Major activities of the environmental management and monitoring plan that require attention
for the proposed project are:
a) Health and safety of the workforce and the public during construction,
b) Construction waste management and disposal,
c) Pollution on site and surrounding from construction machines and equipment if used.
d) Accidents on site due to work place hazards leading to trips, falls, electrocution etc.
and those involving haulage traffic during transportation of construction materials,
e) Gender Based Violence issues including sexual harassment, violence and HIV/AIDS,
f) Child labour and abuses at the construction sites,
g) Conflict over water sources and contamination of water sources,
h) Restoration and rehabilitation activities during and after construction,
i) Adequate collaboration with stakeholders and implementing agencies,
j) Conflicts and other grievances at the sites,
k) Awareness on HIV & AIDS, GBV, SGBV and COVID 19 Standard Operating Procedures
(SoPs)/ Safeguards,
l) Capacity building and training activities at the sites, and
m) Compliance with monthly ESS monitoring by Contractors through submission of
monthly reports.
n) Incident management and Reporting
8.2 Purpose of the ESMP
The ESMP is intended to ensure that all project activities comply and adhere to environment
and social safeguard requirements. In addition, implementation of mitigation measures in
the ESIA report and Certificate of ESIA approval conditions will have to be implemented. The
core monitoring tool the Contractor will use is a standalone Environmental Monitoring Plan.
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plant
This will serve as a reference document for planning, implementation, monitoring and
reporting.
8.3 Specific Objectives of the ESMP
Among specific objectives of the ESMP includes.

(i) Support in ensuring that the project continuously complies with national and
international legislation.
(ii) Provide a framework for Developer’s compliance, auditing and inspection
programmes
(iii) Provide a mechanism for ensuring that measures identified in the ESIA to mitigate
potentially adverse impacts and unforeseen or unidentified impacts are
implemented during construction phase and operational phase.
8.4 The Environmental and Social Management and Monitoring Plan
The ESMP delineates specific actions for mitigating the potential significant impacts,
stakeholders responsible for the implementation of proposed mitigation measures, the
specific performance indicators to be used during inspection and monitoring, the responsible
persons, and cost as presented below.
An Environmental and Social Management Plan as shown in the table will be used to monitor
and inspect Contractors. Monthly monitoring reports will be prepared showing the status
of implementation of mitigation measures, challenges and emerging/unforeseen impacts
during construction and operational phases. In addition, to ensure that the Contractors
comply with conditions of approval in the various permits/licenses, the contractors shall be
required to prepare/have the following documents in order to guide safeguards
implementation:
a) Contractor Environmental and Social Management Plan (CESMP)
The CESMP is a project level document developed for specialized contractors (such as
Civil, ICT etc.) to conduct construction activities in an environmentally and socially
responsible manner. The main goals of a CESMP are to specify the roles and
responsibilities of the personnel involved in all aspects of the construction works; identify
potential environmental impacts and the mitigation measures that will be used to address
them; establish procedures for audits, provide monitoring and inspection programs
during construction phase; and specify training for the project team in order to increase
their knowledge for the environmental protection of the surrounding area. The document
contains detailed management plans that apply to routine construction activities, the
monitoring activities for sensitive receptors and the required training and communication
protocols to be followed. It is the responsibility of a project owner (Gayaza Electronic
Works Limited) to ensure all their contractors are proactively following their CESMP
guidelines. This will guide the contractor in addressing environmental and social issues
at the project site,
b) Occupational Safety and Health Plan
OSH Plan deals with the prevention of work-related injuries and diseases as well as the
protection and promotion of the health of workers. It aims at the improvement of working
conditions and environment. Occupational Safety and Health Plan will address safety and
health issues that will cover the workers, school children and the public/and or
community. The main goal of Occupational Health and Safety management is to promote
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a safe and secure work environment through careful identification and management of
hazards. It seeks to facilitate and empower workers and managers at all levels to
participate in the avoidance, minimization and complete eradication of accidents and
diseases associated with unsafe and insecure work places. It further seeks to enhance
worker productivity through appropriate training and provision of tools that enhance
performance, reduce lost time through accidents and limit material and financial losses
arising from inappropriate equipment’s, workers, methods and complacent personnel.
c) Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM)/Grievance Redress Committees (GRCs)
A Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) is an instrument through which dispute

resolution is sought and provided. It involves the receipt and processing of complaints
from individuals or groups negatively affected by activities of the project.
d) Code of Conduct for Workers
This lays out the project's principles, standards, and the moral and ethical expectations
that employees, contractors and other third parties are held to as they interact during the
project implementation.. This will be signed by the all the workers and Contractors
management team,
e) Dust Management Plan
The DMP is prepared to manage, mitigate, and monitor dust emissions during
construction of the Project. The objective of the DMP is to detail the best practicable option
to avoid dust nuisance being caused by construction works and to mitigate any such
effects should they occur.
f) Noise and Vibration mitigation plan
This management plan defines the measures to control and limit noise emissions and
vibration levels, at residential properties and other sensitive receptors in the vicinity of
the Project. The Contractors will discuss in detail and agree the proposed noise and
vibration control measures with the Local Authorities.
g) Construction Site Traffic Management/Plan
It addresses potential impacts associated with traffic, transport and access during the
construction phase of the project. It outline the specific details including haulage routes
and access points for the project alignment. The key objectives and targets of this plan
are to provide mitigation measures to prevent impacts associated with construction traffic
and access to the project corridor during the construction phase of the Project. This plan
also provides procedures to be followed in keeping the community and road users
informed of construction traffic and access requirements.
h) Incident Management and Reporting
An incident management plan (IMP), sometimes called an incident response plan or

emergency management plan, is a document that helps an organization return to normal
as quickly as possible following an unplanned event. An IMP can identify weaknesses in
the Plant, mitigate the impact of a variety of situations, and limit damage to the Project's
reputation, finances and operations.
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i) Waste Management Plan
The Waste Management Plan (WMP) addresses management of all solid and liquid refuse,
including hazardous and non-hazardous waste, produced as a result of Project activities
within the project site. The WMP covers the construction and operational phases. The
WMP aims to provide guidelines on waste reduction, segregation, collection and disposal
practices in accordance with National Environment (Waste Management) Regulations S.I.
No. 49 of 2020, 153-2 and other international best practices, to avoid deterioration of the
natural environment and negative impacts on the health and safety of communities in
the Project Area.
j) Emergency Preparedness and Response Plan
The EPRP is a Multi-Hazards functional plan that sets forth appropriate actions to be
taken in response to an emergency or major disaster including potential or imminent
threat of any event. The EPRP aims to facilitate the coordination for the delivery of
resources and services necessary to deal with the consequences of an emergency or major
disaster. The EPRP describes the disaster situation and planning assumptions, concept
of operations, response and recovery actions, organizational and specific assignments of
responsibilities to the departments and government agencies tasked with local response
efforts. Emergencies will be managed through effective coordination, communication and
response procedure. All incidents will be immediately reported to a supervisor who will
contact Environmental officer, who in turn reports to the Health and safety officer. The
contractor shall ensure that trained first aiders are present at construction site.
k) Construction Traffic and Transport Management Plan
The aim of the Construction Traffic and Transport Management Plan (“CTTMP”) is to
outline the specific transport impacts arising from the construction works and to provide
a framework for addressing these impacts. The purpose of the document is to set out the
principles that will be followed to manage construction traffic during the construction of
the scheme.
l) COVID-19 Management Plan
The purpose of this plan is to protect the health and safety of everyone on site from the
spread of COVID-19. This plan will applies to everyone on site including employees,
contractors and their employees, visitors, suppliers and customers. A risk assessment
shall be completed to identify COVID-19 hazards and inform the actions in this plan. This
plan shall be developed by the Site Manager and will be implemented by the COVID
Controller. The COVID Controller will be responsible for site detection (e.g. temperature
detection), ventilation and disinfection, distribution of personal protective equipment,
communication and training. Workers, visitors, contractors and anyone on site must
comply with the requirements of this plan at all times. Any breaches of the requirements
of this plan must be reported immediately to the COVID Controller.
m) HIV and other STIs Prevention and Management Plan
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This plan shall include measures that will be implemented in order to ensure control of the
spread of HIV/AIDS and Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI) between the workers and the
local community. The contractor shall have in place an HIV/AIDS and STIs Policy in which
he shall show commitment to the protection of the rights of employees living with HIV/AIDS
(in close consultation with Uganda AIDS Commission), Prevention through information,
education and training of both the workers and the community and free screening and
counselling policies for STI and HIV/AIDS cases among project staff. Regarding employees,
the Contractor shall periodically, with support from the Municipal Health Office, organise
Information, Education and Communication Campaigns including free counselling and
testing exercises. The contractor shall also establish a well-equipped and staffed HIV/AIDS
site clinic preferably at the worker’s camp that will provide the free counselling and testing
services to the workers. In addition, condoms, both male and female, shall be freely provide
to the workers and shall be preferably placed in the respective toilets for easy and
convenient access.
n) Stakeholders Communication and Management Plan
The aim shall be to ensure that adequate and timely information is provided to project
affected people and all stakeholders, that proper mechanisms for information, consultation,
and involvement is established and this process will enable opportunities for dialogue,
two-way discussion and active public participation. It can be expected that good
implementation of stakeholder engagement will contribute in positive acceptance of the
project activities and avoid as much as possible annoyance/dissatisfaction of the affected
people that could be caused by the project activities. Communication with stakeholders
should focus on those issues of most concern to local stakeholders, whether they are based
on real or perceived risks and impacts. A monthly stakeholder engagement
programme/schedule will be made by the contactor’s Sociologist and Other Safeguard staff
for engagements clearly stating the location, topics and dates.
o) Gender and Social Equity Management Plan
The Contractor’s Gender Management Plan shall include; provision of gender sensitive
working conditions and facilities, awareness creation and description of recruitment
procedures among others.
p) Sanitation Management Plan
The Contractor shall provide adequate gender sensitive sanitary facilities that offer
maximum privacy and comfort at all auxiliary facilities like the camp and mobile toilets at
the project site. He/she shall also provide the appropriate waste collection bins, preferably
well labelled color-coded bins at all sites for purposes of sorting and storage of wastes
awaiting collection and disposal. The contractor shall ensure to maintain all sites in a state
of cleanliness to the satisfaction of the supervising consultant.
q) Human Resource Management Plan
The Human Resource management plan shall form a basic guideline for all workers so as
to maintain a friendly, cooperative and healthy working environment. All workers shall be
made aware of the guidelines upon their formal employment by the Human Resource
Manager and Health & Safety Officer in an induction. Efforts shall be made to create
conditions which enable staff to coordinate their work with their family life. Employees shall
96
be required to maintain a high standard of conduct and work performance and this shall
include; Observing all policies and procedures, treating colleagues with courtesy and
respect, treating visitors and clients in a professional manner at all times, working safely
at all times; and team work / Team Spirit. The contractor’s Human Resource Manager shall
make all employees aware of the recruitment policy and procedure, working time, medical
examination and treatment, annual leave, maternity leave, paternity leave and sick leave,
dismissal and disciplinary procedure among others.
r) Chance Finds Management Plan
During the period of the construction of the project infrastructure which involves
excavations, it is possible that chance finds will be encountered. These may include the
following:
o Archaeological heritage which has remained unnoticed in the past.
o An encounter with a grave containing human remains which the local residents
may have not mentioned at the survey stage.
In case of discovery of a physical cultural resource, such as (but not limited to)
archaeological sites, historical sites, remains and objects, or a cemetery and/or individual
graves during excavation or construction, the following steps shall be taken:
• Stop all works in the vicinity of the find, and immediately report the findings to the
supervisor who will then notify the Construction Manager and the Environment
Officer (EO)/Environmental Manager (EM);
• The manager shall notify the Department of Museums and Monuments (contact of
commissioner is +256 772485624) giving the location and nature of the finds
• The contractor shall also notify the Ministry of Education and Sports and the
Municipal Environment Officer,
• Record details in Incident Report and take photos of the find;
• Delineate the discovered site or area; secure the site to prevent any damage or loss
of removable objects;
• Any further excavations or continuation of the infrastructure development at the
Site of the discovered heritage will be undertaken only with the approval of
Department of Museums and Monuments.
• In the case of discovered human remains, LC1 and district police station will have
to be notified and either the remains are taken for forensic investigation or the LC1
authorities sanction the reburial of the remains at another location. The Contractor
then meets the relocation and reburial expenses.
s) Child Protection management Plan
The contractor shall have and implement a Child Protection policy that will state
commitment of the contractor and his/her employees to upholding the rights of children
including prohibition of the employment of children below the age of 18 in construction
activities. The plan shall also emphasize the need to induct and disseminate the policy to
subcontractors, suppliers, visitors and all monitoring agencies who shall commit to the
Child Protection Policy.
Other policies that include a Gender Policy, a Child Protection Policy and HIV/AIDs Policy,
as well as a Sexual Harassment Policy will be prepared for efficiency and effective
implementation of the proposed project
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Environmental and Social Management Plan
No Environmental Monitoring / Timing Responsibility Estimated Monitoring

and social Mitigation Measures Performance Cost frequency
Impact to be indicators
monitored
1. Occupational ▪ Occupational and safety ▪ Presence of Constructio Contractor, Embedded in Daily by
diseases and health plan occupation health n phase Developer, contract Contractor
accident risks to ▪ Provision of protective gears and safety plan MoGLSD documents/B
workers and to the workers and ▪ Record of accidents OQ
communities enforcement of PPE usage that may occur on Monthly by
during ▪ Provide functional first aid or around the Developer and
construction and kits project site MoGLSD
operation ▪ Train workers to comply with ▪ Presence of first aid
the requirements in the OHS kits and protective
management plan and to use gear
protective gear ▪ Presence of security
▪ Proper site hoarding will be personnel and
undertaken and site will be hoarding materials
kept strictly out of bounds ▪ Presence of
and guarded against access accident lo to
to children and non- document any
construction personnel. accidents
▪ Appropriate signage will be ▪ Presence of signs
used to warn staff and/ or like “No smoking”
visitors that are not involved ▪ Presence of material
in construction and data sheets
operation activities in risky
places.
▪ Materials safety data sheets

will be on site for hazardous
substances (that may be
99
monitored
stored at the site) for
reference by the staff
2 Increased risk of ▪ Sensitise communities on ▪ Record of Constructio Contractor, Embedded in Weekly by the
spread of their sexual rights. complaints related n and EHS Officer, contract Contractor and
HIV/AIDS and ▪ Put in place an HIV/AIDS to the contractor Operation Developer documents/B Developer
other STDs to prevention plan and ▪ Presence of phase OQ
workers and implement it. HIV/AIDS
community. ▪ Report cases of women prevention plan
abuses to authorities ▪ Presences condoms
▪ HIV/AIDS awareness raising in toilets and
to contractor bathroom
▪ Voluntary counselling and
testing.
▪ Provision of free male and
female condoms at the
workers’ camp preferably in
the toilets and sensitize
workers on their correct
usage
3 Potential child ▪ Avoiding employing workers ▪ Record of children Constructio Developer & Embedded in Weekly by
abuse and below 18 years. employed by the n phase Contractor contract contractor
exploitation ▪ Put in place a child protection developer /people documents/B
plan and implement it aged less than 18 OQ Monthly by
▪ Before recruitment, workers years. Developer
should provide their National ▪ Presence of child
Identity cards to ascertain protection plan
their correct age.
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Environmental & Social Scoping Report & Terms of Reference for Gayaza Electronic Works Limited Refrigerators Manufacturing
and Television Sets Assembling Plant
monitored
▪ Report cases of child abuse to
authorities
▪ Collaboration with labour
officers for cases of child
abuse or violating workers’
rights.
▪ Presentation for identification
of contractors and other
workers at site to local
council authorities and
schools.
▪ Orientation of Senior Women
and Male teachers, including
Head teachers and other
stakeholders on child
protection issues.
4 Management of ▪ Acquire temporary stockpile ▪ No. of stockpile Pre- Constructor Embedded in Daily by
cut to spoil sites in consultation with the sites acquired constructio contract contractor
material leading to Municipal Environment ▪ Possession of n
contamination of Officers Approved Stockpile Monthly by
water resources management plan Developer
and blockage of ▪ Develop and implement a
access stockpile management plan
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monitored
5 Social impacts of ▪ Train workers on the labour ▪ Presence of register Constructio Contractor, Embedded in Weekly by the
construction act ▪ Availability of n LGs & contract contractor
labour ▪ Registration/identification of ethical code of Contractor documents/B
(Harassment and workers conduct OQ
abuse of and by ▪ Follow workers ethical code of ▪ Community and
workers) conduct to address abuse of worker targeted
Workers women and girls that may prevention and
behavior – lead to broken marriages, response
affecting early pregnancies, sexual interventions
women, girls exploitation ▪ Cases reported;
▪ Ensuring contracts are ▪ Cases concluded
signed for each employee.
▪ Collaboration with labour
officer to guide/monitor
contract
▪ Encourage women and other
affected persons to report
cases of abuse
6 Accidents ▪ Put in place temporary road ▪ Record by the police Constructio Contractor and Embedded in Monthly by
involving haulage signage /complaints by the n school contract Developer and
traffic during ▪ Put in place Health and safety community management documents/B MoGLSD
transportation of signage at the school site ▪ Presence of road OQ
construction where construction is on- signage.
materials going for the benefit of site ▪ Presence of an
workers accident log at the
▪ Follow the recommended construction site.
speed limits
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monitored
▪ Put in place speed control
ramps and humps at roads
approaching the school
premises construction sites.
6 Pollution on site ▪ Construct/provide adequate ▪ Presence of polluted Constructio Contractor Embedded in Regularly
and surrounding secondary containment sites and their n and School contract
from construction bunds) for any fuel storage extent Operation management documents/B
and plant ▪ Ensure regular maintenance ▪ Evidence of OQ
machines and of any mechanised chemical /oil spills Local
equipment if used. equipment. at project site Government
▪ Provide adequate facilities for
the temporary storage of
waste oil if any.
▪ Provide adequate training to
contractor’s staff and plant
machine operators where
necessary.
▪ Local government officials
should undertake regular site
visits to ensure compliance.
8 Failure to obtain ▪ Acquire the necessary ▪ Presence of Constructio Contractor and 10,000,000/= ▪ Monthly
the required approvals/permits. approvals / permits n Plant
approvals/ ▪ Collaboration with LG units ▪ Presence of NGOs and management,
permits/Inadequa and Government agencies; in the District operation LGs &
te collaboration of Municipalt Environment, ▪ Presence of minutes MoGLSD
stakeholders and labour, probation, health, of meetings
implementing police, community
agency
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monitored
Development and local ▪ Presence of gender
councils and child protection
plans
9 Impacts of air ▪ Sprinkle water (dampening) ▪ Number of reported Constructio Contractor Embedded in Daily by the
quality at dust source points to ailments n phase contract contractor
prevent dust nuisance ▪ Registered
▪ Cover or wet construction community
materials such as sand and complaints
Murram gravel to stop dust ▪ Stained plants near
emissions work site and
▪ Provide trucks with transport routes
tarpaulins to cover the raw ▪ Staff with protective
material all the time. gear
▪ Provide the work force with
protective gear (dust masks,
helmets) while at work
10 Gender Based ▪ Hire a Consultant to Develop, ▪ Possession of Throughout Contractor, Weekly
Inequalities train workers and implement Approved Gender project EHS Officer
resulting into Gender protection Action protection Action and Municipal
Gender based Plan. Plan and No. of Sociologist
Violence ▪ Follow up on cases workers trained.
▪ Sensitize workers and ▪ No of people
communities on Gender sensitized and
protection number of trainings
conducted
11 Mismanagement ▪ A waste management plan ▪ Presence of a waste Constructio Contractor, Daily
of generated waste will be developed by the management plan. n and EHS Officer
contractor and EHS Officer.
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monitored
▪ Encouraging material re-use ▪ Presence of waste Operation
and the rest shall be on-site Phase
transported off site as soon as
possible.
▪ The principles of an
integrated solid waste
management system will be
implemented i.e. reduction at
source, reuse and recycle.
12 Insecurity ▪ Conduct vetting of employees ▪ Number of LCs and Constructio Contractor Monthly
resulting into before contracting Police Officer n Phase
increase in crimes ▪ Issue out Identifications for involved in vetting.
like theft employees ▪ Number of criminal
cases recorded
related to workers
▪ No of employees
with valid IDs
13 Social order ▪ Restrict construction ▪ Noise level Constructio Contractor, Embedded in Daily by the
disruption /noise activities to day time hours measurements n and EHS contract contractor and
pollution (Impact only when noise pollution is ▪ No of reported Operation Department,& document EHS Officer
on Ambient Noise least felt ailments. phase Developer
▪ No activities will be allowed ▪ Complaints Monthly by the
on site beyond 7.00pm in registered from contractor and
order to check on the noise community. EHS Department
pollution felt at night. ▪ Incident registers
▪ Put in place an ethical code of for workers. Monthly by
conduct to be followed by the Developer
work force and avoid causing
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monitored
unnecessary inconvenience
to the community.
▪ Provide protective gear to the
work force operating equip
specifically ear muffs.
▪ Project machines will be
turned off when not in use;
▪
14 Disruption of ▪ Develop and implement a ▪ Traffic management Constructio Contractor& Embedded in Monthly by
traffic along the construction specific traffic plan in place n phase Developer contract contractor &
access road management plan ▪ Recorded traffic document Developer
because of heavy ▪ Hoard off the site to control related incidents
vehicles turning movements across the road ▪ Awareness and
▪ Install speed breaks within 1 sensitization
Km of the site reports
▪ Create traffic awareness
among the motorists along
the access road
15 Runoff and soil ▪ Construct drainage channels ▪ Presence or Constructio Contractor & Embedded in Daily by
erosion from for storm water management. absence of n Developer contract contractor
project site ▪ Landscape the construction gullies/deposits of document
site and plant appropriate eroded soil Weekly by
grass and trees after ▪ Planted trees and Developer
completion of construction grass
works ▪ Appropriate
▪ Rain water will be harvested landscaping
and directed to the tanks that
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monitored
will be installed on the project ▪ Presence of water
buildings. harvesting tanks.
16 Potential ▪ Implementation of chance ▪ Operation Developer & Weekly and
encounter and finds procedure Contractor Monthly
destruction of ▪ Sensitization of workers to be
PCRs aware of the possibility of
encountering archaeological
remains and the procedure
to be followed
17 Impact on local ▪ Implement fuel handling and ▪ Reported cases of Constructio EHS Officer, Monthly
area hydrology oil spill measures massive death of n & Contactor
▪ For civil works undertaken aquatic organs Operation
during rainy periods, silt
traps and interceptor drains
shall be provided on site
▪ Create alternative drainage
where necessary to avoid
localised floods
▪ Overburden or other
construction materials shall
not be stored or dumped near
marshes
▪ Acquire water abstraction
permit with conditions to
guide the amount of water to
be abstracted
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monitored
18 Risk of Spread / ▪ Contractors shall observe all ▪ Presence of Covid Constructio EHS Officer, Weekly
transmission of the Ministry of Health (MoH) 19 sensitizing signs n & Contractor
communicable Standard Operating and posters Opreation
diseases including Procedures for Covid-19 ▪ Reported Covid 19
Covid-19 prevention cases
▪ Minimize as much as possible ▪ Presence of Covid
interactions between 19 management
members of the community Plan
and project workers
▪ Liaise with Municipal Covid-
19 task force for timely
management of cases as they
may arise
▪ The Contractor should
develop and implement a
COVID 19 management plan.
▪ Sensitize all project
employees about the signs
and symptoms of COVID-19
as well as the ways to control
its spread.
19 Risk of fire ▪ Install fire alarms in the ▪ Presence of fire Constructio EHS Officer, Monthly
facility and fire suppression alarms n and Contractor
system like fire extinguishers ▪ Presence of hydrant Operation
in various parts or sections of
system Phase
the facility;
▪ Install a hydrant system of
adequate capacity to handle
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monitored
emergencies involving large ▪ Presence of
fires. designated area for
▪ Designate areas for smoking smoking
and as a muster point.
▪ Presence of records
▪ Workers should have basic
training in fire prevention and of fire drills
control.
▪ Undertake fire drills, at a
minimum once a month.
▪ Electrical installation shall
conform to acceptable national
safety standards.
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8.5 Monitoring Team
The monitoring and supervision of construction sites will be undertaken by staff of Developer
(Gayaza Electronic Works Limited) and the Municipal Council Officials (Including the
Municipal Council Engineers, Municipal Environment Officer, and Municipal Community
Development Officers to ensure that the mitigation measures raised in the ESIA report are
implemented and maintained. The design stage Engineers/Planners should ensure that
recommended mitigations measures are taken on board.
In addition, the contractor will be required to have an environmental and social management
plan to facilitate self-monitoring of impacts and implement recommended mitigation
measures, during the construction and the defects liability phase. Under these phases, the
contractor shall be required to hire/employ an Environmental, Health Safety (EHS) Officer as
part of his employees; in addition to the Sociologist and Environmentalist. During the
operation phase Developer and Municipal Officials will play a greater role to ensure the
mitigation measures are implemented.
8.6 Grievance Redress Mechanism
This section describes avenues for affected persons to lodge a complaint or express a
grievance against the project staff or contractors during project implementation. It also
describes the procedures, roles and responsibilities for addressing grievances and resolving
disputes. Every aggrieved person shall be able to trigger this mechanism to quickly resolve
their complaints.
The objectives of the grievance process are:
• Ensure that appropriate and mutually acceptable corrective actions are identified and
implemented to address complaints;
• Verify that complainants are satisfied with outcomes of corrective actions;
• Avoid the need to resort to judicial proceedings.
The project will operate two major grievance redress mechanisms, namely;
a. Worker’s grievance redress mechanism, and

b. Community grievance redress mechanism.
NB: In all cases, criminal matters shall be explicitly handled in accordance with the Criminal
Code Act and other laws governing criminal issues in Uganda.
8.7 Decommissioning
The infrastructure for the proposed project are likely to remain in place for over 20 years
(design life) unless other factors may lead to their premature destruction. However, in case
when decommissioning is considered, this will take place as a series of structural demolition
activities that will demolish the buildings and their related structural members of the
predominantly concrete buildings. However, before the option of structural demolition is
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plant
considered, an alternative use after, say structural strengthening by component
infrastructures rehabilitation should be considered for the proposed project facilities.
8.8 Roles and Responsibilities
This section sets out the roles and responsibilities for the Project.
8.8.1 Project Proponent/ Gayaza Electronic Works Limited
As the developer, Gayaza Electronic Works Limited will assume overall responsibility for
implementing conditions of this ESIA report. During construction, contractors will be
employed as such; Gayaza Electronic Works Limited will assume overall responsibility over
the contractor’s compliance standards and obligations in the implementation of the ESMP
(as well as wider contractual obligations).
8.8.2 The Project Coordination Unit-PCU

The PCU especially the Environmental Safeguards Specialist shall assume responsibility for
safeguards by ensuring that works on the project as well as reporting are compliant with
environmental and social obligations in the project as enshrined in the contract.
8.8.3 Construction Contractor (Contractor)

During the construction phase, Gayaza Electronic Works Limited will engage contractors to
undertake the construction of the project facilities in line with the approved architectural
designs and building plans and project lay-outs. Contractors will be responsible for complying
with all relevant legislation and adhere to all mitigation measures specified in the ESMP. Prior
to the commencement of construction works the contractor will be required to prepare his
own ESMPs (CESMP). These documents will be reviewed by the Gayaza Electronic Works
Limited -Environmental and Social Safeguards Specialist to ensure they are adequate and
are implementable, in addition to ensuring that measures in the ESMPs are complied with.
The contractor’s organization shall be required to have sufficient, adequate and competently
resourced persons to fulfil the environmental and social requirements established in this
ESMP and supporting documentation.
Contractor is responsible for the ongoing management of potential environmental and social
impacts of all contract activities, regardless of whether these are undertaken by the
Contractor himself or by his subcontractors. Contractors, including subcontractors, must
meet all the safeguard requirements.
8.8.4 Role of Supervising Consultants

Instead of hiring a supervising consultant, Gayaza Electronic Works Limited, as determined
by the PC will engage the services of hired consultants/staff that include: - the Supervising
Engineers (Civil Engineers, Architect and Quantity Surveyor,) who will be responsible for
ensuring that, the project facilities are constructed in accordance with the approved designs
and building plans. As such, in addition to the proposed consultants, Gayaza Electronic
Works Limited may depending on the need and scope of work, hire a safeguards supervision
firm/individual safeguards consultants to support effective safeguard implementation,
monitoring and reporting of mitigation of environmental and social risks and impacts.
The hired consultants/staff will be responsible for provision of guidance on approvals of the
construction materials to be used in the project as well as reporting on the contractual
obligations in the project. For effective implementation of this, the Supervising Engineers will
work with the Environmental Specialist and Social Safeguards Specialists who will pay
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attention to details on the compliance of works with the ESMP for the project. In addition,
Gayaza Electronic Works Limited will hire a Safeguards Supervising firm/individual
safeguard consultants to undertake supervision and monitoring of environmental and social
issues and report to the PCU and the Safeguards Team.
8.8.5 Contractor HSE Manager/Officer

The HSE Manager/Officer shall be appointed by the contractor for the duration of the works
and this shall be a full-time employee at the construction site. The HSE Manager/Officer will
have overall responsibility for the delivery of the construction of the Project in terms of health,
safety and environmental aspects. He/she shall be assisted in those roles by individual
specialists in the contractor’s team. The appointed HSE Manager/Officer will assist with the
organization and presentation of all briefing sessions on safety to the workers as and when
required. In this regard, the Contractor’s HSE Manager/Officer will take responsibility for
mitigation and management of potential environmental and social issues on site.
Specific HSE Manager/Officer Duties include the following:
a. Take responsibility for mitigation and management of potential environmental and

social issues on site;
b. Liaise with the Employer HSE Team regarding site visits and briefing sessions;
c. Liaise with service providers regarding implementation of the ESMP requirements;
d. Organize and maintain briefing session records and mitigation and monitoring
documentation on all matters of HSE;
e. Respond to site inspection findings and challenges; and
f. Receive and respond to any complaints from external parties on project issues on
HSE.
8.8.6 Kiira Municipal Council
Kiira Municipal Council authorities especially it’s technical and political staff (Environment,
Engineer, Public Health, Labour, RDC, CAO and Mayor) will all have roles to play to ensure
the contractor have access to construction materials, communities are mobilized to ensure
works on the project are kept on track.
8.9 Contractual issues of environmental and social concern
The following contractual conditions shall apply to the contractors employed by the Project:
a. All tendering contractors will be required to provide a formal commitment to comply

with the requirements of this ESMP;
b. The contractor will be required to prepare their standalone CESMP and other related
Plans for the implementation of the project in a compliant manner;
c. The contractor will provide formal written reports to the Project proponent in
accordance with requirements set-out in this ESMP;
d. The contractor will induct all personnel working on the project on the contents of this
ESMP and any penalties arising from non-compliance;
e. The contractors shall clearly identify and delineate the project confines to ensure
works do not destroy the vegetation in non-work areas. The contractor shall restrict
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all its activities, materials, equipment and personnel to within the area/s specified
and prepare a construction area layout plan for approval by the Developer and
Municipal Council prior to commencement of construction activities; and
f. The contractor will responsible for notifying the Developer and Municipality of any
complaint or grievances received and of any corrective actions identified and
implemented.
8.10 Capacity Development and Training
A key component of ESMP success depends on effective capacity building and the training of
all Project employees, including those contracted through the Developer, contractors and
those providing environmental and social specialist assistance from external companies. In
order to ensure there is proper compliance with the environmental and social obligations, the
following are suggested:
8.10.1 Training program
During implementation of the project, the PCU shall develop and implement a Training Plan
outlining training requirements, topics, and areas of capacity building, and staff requiring
training. For operation purposes, this shall be the responsibility of the Employer. The
Environmental and Social Safeguard Specialists in the PCU shall work together to identify
the knowledge gaps and skills necessary for implementation of the ESMP and associated
management plans.
All those involved in the management and implementation of any aspect of the ESMP shall
be adequately trained. Training records shall be maintained on site, for all the employees, to
provide evidence for auditing/inspection purposes.
Table 8-1: Knowledge gap and skills building areas to be covered

• Why safeguards are important for environmental and social sustainability and
ensuring successful project development outcomes;
• World Bank safeguards policies/framework policies as well as national policies
and legislations;
• Policies triggered for the proposed project and why?
• Introduction to GBV/SEA in civil works projects, Policies and Frameworks;
• Health and Safety Management in Projects-reporting of project incidents and
accidents;
• Instruments/frameworks prepared and procedure;
• Generic Potential Project Environmental & Social impacts;
• Safeguards implementation plan (including stakeholder engagement and GRM)
and support structures for cases of VAC, GBV and SEA;
• Role of PCUs, LGs and Plant Manangement in safeguards implementation;
• Supervision and monitoring of safeguards implementation;
• Some safeguard case studies-practices/pictures;
• Environmental and Social Reporting-including on line reporting of safeguards;
and
• Other topics on emerging issues.
The Contractor shall ensure that all workers have been inducted and shall regularly monitor
that occupational health and safety requirements are implemented. The Employer’s
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representative shall audit and ensure that all requirements are met. Where occupational
health and safety requirements are not being implemented relevant workers shall
immediately be trained and instructed to implement these requirements
Activity/ Mitigation Timing for

impact implementation
Impacts during construction phase
Dust and noise Throughout the
generation • The site will be hoarded off. construction phase
• Sprinkling of water will be done on dusty surfaces
to suppress dust emission.
• Oiling and greasing of machinery will be done to
reduce noise due to friction;
• Sound-reduction equipment will be fitted to
machinery used and maintained properly
• Noisy construction works shall be restricted to day-
time (7am-5pm).
• Construction vehicles will be restricted to a speed
limit of 40km/hr on unpaved surfaces to minimise
dust emission.
• Haul roads within the site will have as low a
gradient as possible
• Keeping noise levels within permissible limit
Loss of • Excavation works will be limited to the proposed Construction /Pre-

vegetation sites, establishment
• Replanting of tress will be encouraged along the phase
constructed access routes to the proposed site;
• Topsoil from the site will be properly kept for
restoration after the project.
Impact from • A temporary retention wall will be constructed Construction /Pre-

excavated soils along the boundary to prevent massive erosion into establishment
the green area surrounding the proposed site. phase
• The site will be hoarded off immediately after
clearing vegetation and excavations, soil barriers
shall be erected.
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• All vehicles transporting excavated soils will be
covered with a tarpaulin and will not be over heaped
to prevent spillage of soil along roads.
Effects of • Have at least four coded waste bins on site for Throughout the
generated solid collection of solid waste. construction/estab
waste • Ensure that hazardous waste e.g., oil contaminated lishment phase
including cloths are stored separately from non-hazardous
debris, waste.
packaging • Reduce waste by encouraging re-use of wood waste
either on site or at other sites or sell it off as
firewood. Metal scraps should be sold to scraps
collectors/ smelting factories.
• Hire a licensed waste collection company to remove
all waste from the construction site
Risk of • The generator and conveyor will be serviced on site Throughout

contaminated under serious precautions to prevent leakages/ construction phase
soil and spills or used oil from the generator.
surface water • Spill kits should be used during re-fuelling and
servicing.
• A used oil container shall be used for depositing any
oil contaminated waste and used oil and a licensed
used oil transporter/ disposal entity contracted to
dispose of this oil.
• Petroleum products in storage specifically fuel for
the generator should be stored under lock and key.
Injury to • The contactor shall provide safety and healthy Throughout

workers on site guidelines to guide all operations. construction phase
• Appropriate PPE will be provided and used by all
workers.
• Safety and health training will be provided to all
workers prior to commencement of work.
• Site clinic shall be opened up to address emergency
cases
• The workers will have access to a first aid kit which
will be used at the construction area.
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• A site health and safety engineer shall be present
on site throughout the time of operations.
• Monthly health and safety audits conducts.
• Provide appropriate signage for construction
workers and visitors.
• Scaffolding and guard rails will be put in place to
provide stable working platforms, especially at the
loading area
• Safety belts will also be provided to workers
working at height.
Impact on The following mitigation measures shall be undertaken

existing to adequately minimize the possibilities if negatively
unlined impacting on the channel;
channel in • Community involvement through-out the whole
terms project project should be encouraged; and
operations. • Construct an adequate lined channel to manage
any storm water or existing flow-water;
• Along the channel, care shall be taken to minimize
any form of spillage;
• Ensure to re-enforce the existing bridge on the
channel through constructing an adequate culvert;
• The deck shall be constructed in such a way that
no material on the bridge will end up into the
channel;
• Continuous sensitization, erection of sign posts
warning against contamination and institution of
Penalties for stubborn workers / drivers that may
dispose of material into the stream.
• Illegal connections to discharge into the channel
shall be avoided.
Impact to • Construct temporary sanitary facilities for use by Throughout

public health the construction and operation team preferably construction phase
waterborne toilets connected to a septic tank.
• Fence off site and ensure that public walkways are
not located under any scaffolding.
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• Provide appropriate signage for construction
workers and the general public and these should
include warnings on falling debris.
Traffic • Deploy 2 full time flag persons (preferably a ladies),

congestion and to manage both the traffic from the delivering
interference material for use and other purposes; and the
along community traffic;
community • Priority should be given to the community traffic;
access road • Installation of speed humps at this location;
Operation phase
Increased • Installing appropriate water supply and sanitation Throughout
water demand system operations
for domestic • Sink a borehole so that no pressure is put on the
equipment existing water resources
cooling use. • Rain water harvesting should be practiced on site
among others.
Impacts on • Provide sanitary facilities. Throughout the

public health • Ensure adequate lighting along the yard. operations phase
• Employment of healthy officers and community
committees in charge of health
• Stationing of well-equipped health kits at
convenient points
• Employment of registered nurse to administer all
first aid related and other minor ailments
• Ensuring that the nearby health facility and
emergency points are well equipped with medical
gadgets and staff.
Risk of fire • Presence of fire escape gate and emergence Throughout the
assembly points. operations phase
• All built temporary structures will have carbon
dioxide and powder type fire Extinguishers at
convenient points.
• Install fire detection systems in each structure at
site.
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• Have a documented site fire plan.
Noise and dust • Install wet scrubbers to capture any emissions of Throughout the
generation particulate matter such as PM10, PM2.5 & PM0.1. operations phase
• Ensure that any motorized equipment including the
generator used at the project site is fitted with a
noise silencer
• Sprinkling of water will be done on dusty surfaces
to suppress dust emission.
• Alternatively, the surface will be paved or built with
concrete to avoid generation of dust during
operations;
• Oiling and greasing of machinery will be done to
reduce noise due to friction;
• Sound-reduction equipment fitted to machinery
will be serviced monthly;
• Transportation vehicles will be restricted to a speed
limit of 40km/hr on unpaved surfaces to minimize
dust emission.
• Haul roads within the site will have as low a
gradient as possible
• Keeping noise levels within permissible limits.
Impacts from • The project site management will institute a waste Throughout the
poorly management plan. This will include distribution operations phase
managed and supply of rubbish bins to all units
waste • Waste segregation shall be practiced by all units
• A private service provider for removal and disposal
of garbage from site shall be contracted.
• Hazardous waste shall be kept in re-used engine oil
drums and kept well in a concretized sheltered
house where it will be collected for disposal by a
NEMA registered hazardous waste handler.
• Explosives shall be stored and handled according
to the third schedule of the waste management
regulation.
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Occupational • Health and safety policy notices should be put place Throughout the
hazards (around the site and the neighbourhood operations phase
community) such that all the works and residents
will be made aware of them.
• Restricted areas should be clearly labelled
• Security personnel should be contracted from a
reputable firm
• Health and safety drills should be conducted
regularly
• Employment of safety and healthy team and
community committees in charge of health and
safety
• Workers shall be provided with appropriate PPEs
such as safety shoes, elements, eye masks, noise
muffs, among others.
A comprehensive assessment and analysis of potential impacts that are likely to occur as a
result of project implementation, will be conducted during detailed Environmental and Social
Impact Assessment study following approval Scoping Report and Terms of Reference.
Recommendations
The comprehensive impact analysis shall be conducted and an Environmental and Social
Management and Monitoring Plan developed. The ESMMP shall entail continuous monitoring
should be implemented as part of the Environmental Management System throughout the
construction and operation phase. This should not be limited to elements cited within this
assessment report but should include further issues that might arise which might not have
been predicted at this stage. The processing plans for the proposed coffee processing site
should be submitted to the lead agencies for review and approval. The developer should
obtain the relevant permits before commissioning coffee processing facility works.
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6.3.22 Decommissioning phase impacts
The lifespan of the coffee processing facility is dependent on the availability of coffee,
technology used to process coffee and financial sustainability of the business. Other
circumstances that may warrant decommissioning include withdrawal or expiry of licenses
issued by government agencies, closure by government agencies, court orders and natural
calamities. The developer will prepare and submit a due diligence decommissioning audit
report to NEMA for approval at least three (3) months in advance. The impact at this phase
will include the following:
1. Creation of an ecologically vulnerable land

2. Economic decline
3. Insecurity
4. Safety and health risks
5. Waste generation
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7 ESIA REPORT STRUCTURE
The following format for presentation of the ESIA is adopted from the Environmental Impact
Assessment Guidelines for Uganda (NEMA, 1997) and will be the format that will be used for
presentation of the ESIS. For the purpose of this report, the developer intends to present the
ESIS as follows.
7.1 Content of the proposed ESIS
The Statement shall include the following basic elements:
1.0 Executive Summary: a precise and non-technical summary and description of

significant results and commercial actions.
2.0 Project Description: (including Name/Title, Purpose/Nature, Objectives, scale, and
activities during different phases of the proposed project, including its technical,
economic, social, and physical context).
3.0 Legal framework and relevant institutions: to include a review of relevant policies,
acts, regulations, standards and guidelines (both national and international)
governing the environmental aspects of proposed project. This section will also identify
lead agencies institutions and outline their respective roles in the environmental
impact assessment.
4.0 Description of proposed Project site and surroundings: (include but not limited to
the following; the spatial and temporal boundaries within which the project is
planned, the existing conditions of the physical, biological and human environment,
current land use around the immediate surrounding areas, as well as the trends and
anticipated future environmental conditions in the area, any environmentally
sensitive areas or areas of unique biophysical or socio-economic value).
5.0 Environmental Impacts and Risks: to include the nature and level of environmental
impacts that are likely to result from implementing and operating the project at
various stages (including both adverse and beneficial impacts, long-term versus short-
term impacts, unavoidable and / or irreversible significant environmental effects,
growth inducing aspects, etc.).
6.0 Project alternatives. The alternatives will be analysed for the proposed project.
7.0 Mitigation measures: focusing on achievable, pragmatic, environmentally feasible,
and cost-effective mitigation measures of the various alternatives.
8.0 Monitoring and evaluation programme and recommendations
9.0 Monitoring and evaluation programme and recommendations will be analysed on a
site-by site basis
10.0 Bibliography and Literature Review
11.0 Appendices
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• List of individuals and agencies / organizations consulted
• Land title for the proposed site
• Terms of reference for the study
• Site layout for the Proposed project
• Uganda Investment Authority Investment Licence
• EIA Certificate for the previous casava plant
• Any other related attachments
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8 PROJECT ALTERNATIVES
The environmental and social management and monitoring plans proposed for the entire
project cycle are considered adequate to mitigate the identified potential negative
environmental and social impacts. However, it is important to analyse the possible
alternatives to the project to inform decision making by relevant government agencies and
improve the environmental and social performance of the project.
The analysis of alternatives will focus on the different options that will be proposed for both
having the project or not and locating it at the suitable site identified from the field surveys.
This therefore implies that the proposed Coffee processing facility will be situated in the best
preferred location that is both environmentally friendly and socially acceptable.
During the analysis of the best suitable site, a number of critical variables will be assessed
against each other using a Multi-Criteria Analysis, considering a number of parameters.
Therefore, impacts of each option will be compared over common variables as shall be
explained in the comprehensive study following approval of ToRs.
This section shall include a full description and location of the proposed project and
reasonable alternatives including ancillary facilities and operations. This chapter shall be
divided into the action and no action options.
8.1 Action point
Within the Action Option, technological, design and operational alternatives will be
considered in the context of the proposed project. These will include:
1. Analysis of alternative site locations to determine which option presents the lowest
adverse impact on resources of significant ecological, social (inclusive of the PAPs), or
cultural value
2. Alternative design for the processing plant technologies and administrative controls
aimed at minimizing the overall impact environmental and social impact of the project.
The EIA shall provide specific project details for the proposed project and each
alternative as identified below. The level of detail presented shall be the same for the
proposed project and each alternative evaluated. The following project details shall be
provided:
• Nature and type of equipment that will be used
• Construction phase of the project
• Operational phase of the project
• Closure and decommissioning of the plan
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3. Summary of Proposed Project and Alternatives. All project alternatives that are
reasonable and feasible and meet the purpose and need for the proposed project shall
be identified, summarized in this section, and evaluated in the ESIA as appropriate.
In addition to the proposed project, such alternatives include alternative locations,
alternative project, alternative site configuration of elements of the project, alternative
size and output capacity, and alternative plans for construction, operation and
decommissioning of the proposed facility including best practices that may avoid
and/or reduce the adverse impacts to the physical, biological or social‐economic‐
cultural environments. If the project area or the buffer zone of the project area for an
alternative is in an ecologically fragile are, the description of the alternative shall
include a clear justification for not opting for another site.
4. Analysis of access routing alternatives aimed at minimizing adverse impacts along the
proposed access route;
8.2 No Action Option (No Project Alternative)
The No-Action option will prevent any potential negative impacts that may be associated with
establishment of the proposed project however it will eliminate any benefits that would
otherwise have resulted from the establishment of the proposed project such as increased
government revenue and infrastructure development. A detailed evaluation of the various
specific alternatives considered for the proposed project will be incorporated in the ESIA.
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9 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MONITORING AND MANAGEMENT PLAN
9.1 Environmental and Social Management and Monitoring Plan

The goal of the Environmental and Social Management and Monitoring Plan is to ensure that
environmental and socio-economic issues as well as risks continue to be fully integrated into
the decisions of the developer while promoting resource allocation efficiency throughout the
lifetime of the project. It provides a framework for managing and monitoring impacts and
risks for the life of the project. It is designed to ensure that the commitments/mitigation
measures to be proposed in the Environmental and Social Impact Statement, and in any
subsequent assessment reports, together with any license approval or similar conditions, are
implemented.
The ESIA therefore, shall include an Environmental and Social Management and Monitoring
Plan to prevent, mitigate and monitor each impact identified in the ESIA. Plans will describe
actions to be taken in sufficient detail to provide a basis for subsequent auditing of
compliance with commitments made in the ESIA process including who is responsible, how
and when it will be implemented, what will be done and what results will be achieved, why it
is being done, and how to know whether it is effective in addressing the underlying concerns.
The Environmental and Social Management and Monitoring Plan shall have the following
elements:
• Monitoring ambient noise levels during site preparation and operation of the site to
determine compliance with maximum permissible levels prescribed by the National
Environment (Noise Standards and Control) Regulations, 2003
• Impact on site surrounding topography, land use, hydrology and the socio-economic
status of the project area and the proposed management measures
• Impact on identified sensitive area and hence management measures proposed
• Impact on surface water resources/use
• Implementation and monitoring of mitigation measures to limit occupational exposure

to site safety hazards as well as the community safety.
• Stakeholder consultations during the pre-establishment and operational phase to

identify and address issues pertaining to nuisance noise, or any other negative
impacts not foreseen by the impact assessment team.
• Stakeholder consultations will also be conducted to incorporate views of all

stakeholders in the design and operation of the facility
• In addition, the management and monitoring plan shall include measures to ensure
acquisition of, and maintenance of records of relevant approvals besides the EIA
Certificate and provision of such records to lead agencies when required.
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10 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MONITORING PROGRAMME
10.1 Monitoring
This chapter describes the monitoring program and reporting required for ensuring effective
implementation of the mitigation and management measures. Including assignment of
responsibilities and environmental performance monitoring to be conducted as part of the
establishment and operation of the coffee processing plant.
The usefulness and effectiveness of this study will only be realized through a systematic
monitoring programme. The monitoring program will inform strategic and outline
environmental decision making throughout the project lifecycle. All mitigation actions will be
guided by prior actions undertaken on construction sites.
Monitoring during the establishment/construction and operation of the Coffee processing

plant will occur at two Levels namely Compliance monitoring and Effects monitoring.
Compliance monitoring will be undertaken to assess the level of implementation of prescribed
mitigation in the project brief. The Supervisor will be key for this Level of monitoring. The
developer will be expected to have an Environmentalist who will be monitoring its
implementation and reporting monthly on it. The second form of monitoring will be Effect
Monitoring. This level of monitoring will evaluate the effectiveness of suggested mitigation
measures in stemming impacts as shall be predicted in the Environmental and Social Impact
Statement (ESIS).
10.2 Institutional Arrangements

The Environmental Management Team (EMT) of the developer is responsible for the full-time
monitoring and implementation of the Environmental and Social Management and
Monitoring Plan. The EMT will be supervised and guided by the Supervisor. The Supervisor
will also have an Environmental expert who will be active in decision making forums and site
inspections to guide works, for achievement of environmental compliance. The EMT will
monitor project activities and oversee the implementation of mitigation measures as specified
in this document and any other actions that will be deemed necessary. The Supervising
Environmentalist will undertake overall guidance to ensure that environmental safe guards
provided are complied with, within the plant.
126
10.3 Coffee Processing site Instruction Entries
The Site Instruction journal entries will be used for the recording of general site instructions
as they relate to implementation of the ESIS that will be prepared following approval of
Scoping Report and Terms of Reference. ESMMP, as well as for the issuing of stop work orders
for the purposes of immediately halting any particular activities of the developer in lieu of the
environmental risk that they may pose.
10.4 Supervising Environmentalist’s Site visits and Dairy Entries

The purpose of these entries during site visits are to record the comments of the Supervising
Environmentalist (SE) as they relate to activities on site. The SE should conduct regular site
visits for the duration of the project. Each item that will be specified in the ESIS shall be
assessed during each site visit.
Both the Site Instruction journal and the Diary must be available on site at all times. These
files will be made available to all relevant authorities for inspection or on request. The
developer site meeting minutes must reflect environmental queries, agreed actions and dates
of eventual compliance, and will from part of the official environmental records on site.
10.5 Method Statements

Method statements during establishment and operation of the coffee processing plant will be
required for specific sensitive actions on request of the authorities or Supervisor. A method
statement forms the baseline information on which sensitive area work takes place. All
method statements will form part of the monthly progress reports that shall be generated.
A method statement describes the scope of the intended work in a step-by-step description
so that the Supervisor understands the developer’s intentions. This will enable them to assist
in devising any mitigation measures, which would reduce environmental and social impacts
during the execution of these tasks. For each instance wherein it is requested that the
developer submit a method statement to the satisfaction of the Supervisor, the format shall
clearly indicate the following:
• Brief description of the activity to be undertaken;

• Detailed description of the process of work, methods, equipment and materials storage and
movement to work sites;
• Description/sketch map of the Locality of work (if applicable); and
• Sequence of actions with commencement dates and completion date estimates.
• Management of any emergencies, contamination and spills if they occur.
127
10.6 Record Keeping
All records related to the implementation of the proposed project (Site Instruction Journal,
diary and method statements) must be kept together in the Site Office for safety and ease of
reference. These records shall be kept for the duration of the project and must be made
available to any interested and affected party on request. In addition, it is recommended that
a photographic record be maintained throughout the construction and operation phases as
a visual reference and be stored with other records related to this report.
10.7 Communication and Progress Reports

This section describes the monitoring program and reporting required for ensuring effective
implementation of the ESIS prepared as a response to approval these TORs, including
assignment of responsibilities and environmental performance monitoring to be conducted
as part of the project.
10.7.1 Routine Reports

The Supervisor will inspect the works for compliance with the contract specifications,
proposed implementable and cost-effective mitigation measures and alt relevant
environmental regulatory requirements concerning the project on a continuous basis.
The Environmentalist will also conduct random inspections while construction activities are
occurring on site. Inspection/supervision will include all construction work, pits,
excavations, waste collection and disposal areas, access roads and other project structures.
The inspection will include but not be limited to:
• Inspection of past work carried out for compliance with developer specifications;
• Inspection of construction areas for signs of environmental spills or emergencies;
• Inspection of the markers used to fence off sensitive areas and no disturbance areas; and
• Inspection of construction equipment for oil and fuel leaks.
10.7.2 Emergency/Environmental Response

For monitoring emergencies, the Supervisor will target the following:
• The contractor’s activities for non-compliance with environmental specifications.

• Grounds for non-compliance will be identified. If non-compliance is not rectified and
the significance of the non-compliance warrants it, the procedure to halt
construction will be initiated.
The Supervisor / Environmentalist can instruct the developer/contractor to halt work if:
• Construction activities are unexpectedly and significantly affecting environmentally
sensitive areas or features;
• There is likelihood or actual occurrence for an environmental emergency;
128
• A government agency has ordered the work to halt to enable supervision of remedial
activities before work can commence.
10.8 Who monitors and how:
External monitoring will be undertaken by UCDA and District Environmental Officers who
represent NEMA at the Local administration Level. Monitoring by NEMA is “third party
monitoring” but this is its regulatory mandate according to Section 9 of the National
Environment Act, No. 5 of 2019.
Another government agency that may undertake “third party monitoring” is the OHS
Department in Ministry of Gender, Labour & Social Development (MGLSD). This unit has
authority to inspect any facility for compliance with national requirements on safety in
workplaces.
Monitoring will be done through site inspection and review of grievances Logged by
stakeholders. For each monitoring visit, a discussion with a chairperson of the Local
environment committee of the area’s local council (LC) could provide insight into grievances
a given community has about the project.
Monitoring is required for all projects eligible for environmental and social impact
assessment. An Environmental and Social Management and Monitoring Plan (ESMMP) shall
be presented in the ESIA to provide the guidelines for post assessment monitoring. The
ESMMP will define key monitoring indicators for the construction, operation, and
decommissioning/post closure phases.
The monitoring plan shall include monitoring throughout the life of the project for each
potential mitigation to confirm the effectiveness of the measure and support contingency
plans to provide assurance that the project, at the site preparation, construction, operation,
expansion, and closure stages will meet applicable national environmental and social
requirements/standards by law, and fall within the limits of impacts deemed acceptable upon
approval of the ESIA.
129
10.9 Closure and Decommissioning
All projects have a definite life span and there will be need for decommissioning at some point
in future. The scope of the environmental and social impact study will include a description
of procedures for partial (coffee processing suspension) or permanent (coffee processing plant
abandonment) closure and post-operation to enable site restoration; and to the extent
possible, enable restoration of the site to the No Project status. The developer will inform the
National Environmental Management Authority (NEMA) of any intentions to decommission 3
months to decommissioning.
10.10 Restoration
The ESIA will also include the restoration plan for partial and post-closure rehabilitation of
the site and surrounds. The plan will include timelines for specific restoration activities to
ensure timely rehabilitation of disturbed areas. The plan will also include a description of
proposed civil works, as well as native species identified for re-vegetation if any.
130
11 REFERENCES
1. Constitution of Republic of Uganda, 1995.

2. Environmental Legislation of Uganda, 2004, National Environment Management
Authority.
3. State for Environment Report for Uganda 2006/2007, National Environment
Management Authority.
4. The Environment and Social Impact Assessment Regulations, 2020, National
Environment Management Authority
5. The National Environment Act, No. 5 (2019).
6. The Republic of Uganda, 1999: Standards for Discharge of Effluent into Water or on
Land) Regulations.
7. The Water (Waste Discharge) Regulations 1998.
8. The Republic of Uganda, 1998: The Discharge of Effluent into Water or Land
Standards Quality.
9. The Environment Impact Assessment Guidelines, 1997, National Environment
Management Authority.
131
12 APPENDIX
Appendix A: Consultation List
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Appendix B: Land Title
133
134
135
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ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL

Submitted by: Prepared by:

ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT AUTHORS

Ddibya Ronald Team Member

Kazibwe Alex Environmental Specialist

Kalanzi Musa Industrial Chemist

Peter Atukwatsibwe Air quality and noise assessment

Tugume Moses Environmental engineer

Vincent Yiga Occupational Health and Safety

Figure 1-1: Summary of ESIA process in Uganda ........................................................................ 6

Table 3-1: Policies, Laws and Regulations ..................................................................................... 18

• Economic-investment hence increases in wealth of the area;

• Effects of generated solid waste including debris, packaging

• Traffic congestion and interference along community access road

• Noise and dust generation

A decommissioning phase is possible in the event of closure by government agencies due to

1.2 Project overview and justification

1.3 Purpose of the Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA)

1.4 Objectives of the ESIA

Specific objectives include;

1.5 Scope of the study

1.5.1 Spatial Boundaries

1.5.2 Temporal Boundaries

1.6.1 The ESIA process

SUBMISSION OF NEMA forwards PB to relevant

Certificate of approval at PB stage

INCORPORATE NEMA, Lead Agencies & stakeholder

Review of terms of reference (TOR) D consultations on ToR

Detailed EIA study Public & Stakeholder consultations

Prepare EIA report Environment Impact Statement (EIS)

Review EIA NEMA, Lead Agency &

public/stakeholder comments on EIS

Figure 1-1: Summary of ESIA process in Uganda

1.6.2 Literature review

Literature review is important in the scoping process to help;

1.6.3 Site reconnaissance visit

1.6.4 Stakeholder consultation

1.6.5 Impact identification

The evaluation of the significance of the impacts was done as follows:

2.1 Site Location and accessibility

2.3 Project Activities

2.3.1 Feeding Area

2.3.2 First Pre-cleaner

2.3.4 Fun pre-cleaner

2.3.8 Colour sorter

2.3.9 Weighing and Packaging area

Figure 2-3: Coffee processing plant set up

2.4 Utilities and Services

The proposed site neighbours a water stream.

2.4.1 Fire and Extinguishers Emergency

2.4.2 Energy Use and Supply

Figure 2-4: Power source at the project site

2.4.3 Water and Sanitation

2.4.4 Waste Management

2.5 Decommissioning stage

1) Approval designs by the Kampala Capital City Authority.

A summary of relevant national legislation is presented in Table 3-1 below;

3.1 Policies, Laws and Regulations

Table 3-1: Policies, Laws and Regulations

POLICY, LEGAL AND DESCRIPTION AND RELEVANCE

Developer to mainstream HIV/AIDS during project implementation.

This policy objective is to be attained by;

The proposed project will be implemented as per this policy requirements.