Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Day 1-Session 3-All PPTs
Day 1-Session 3-All PPTs
Day 1-Session 3-All PPTs
Devanahalli
Area 16 Sq. Km
2
FSM Value Chain
Toilets Situation
6,400
Households
78% 10% 3% 6%
Septic
tank/Pit Septic tank/Pits
with without lining
lining
1 2 3 4
Completed In-progress
7
FSM Value Chain
Desludging Frequency
<5 Yrs
821
(40%)
9
De-sludging Services
• DMA bought a Truck: Rs 16,00,000
• 2 private operators in area
• Operating Cost ` Rs 24 Lacs per year (Rs 80 per capita per year)
13
Status so Far…
Faecal Sludge
Operational Received = 171,600
Days = 78 Liters
14
Treatment Modules
Flow - Diagram
15
Photos
The Way Ahead
• Should a single private operator do O&M of both and plant?
• Easier for ULB to monitor, reduce cost to ULB
• What is the right tendering process?
Dr. Ramakant
Deputy Advisor, CPHEEO
Ministry of Urban Development
Details Mission Target (2014-19)
Individual Household Toilets, Nos. 1.04 crore
Community & Public Toilets, No. of seats 5.08 lakh
100% door to door collection and safe
Municipal Solid Waste Management
disposal in 79,500 wards
Mission Progress
2,500,000
2,500,000
1,000,000
100,000
500,000 39,315
47,856
34,559
-
IHHTs CTs & PTs MSWM
1,658,142
1800000
1600000 IHHTs Application Received FY 2015-16
1400000
Fast
1200000
1000000
800000
Progressing 600000
4,46,319 393,930 300,061
266,536
400000
States
200000
0
600,000
500,000 446,319
154,541 IHHTs Target FY15-16 vs. Achievement
400,000
158,272 125,355
300,000
200,000 85,952
284,080
100,000 216,024
175,742
97,572 84,487
-
Gujarat Madhya Uttar Pradesh Maharashtra Chhattisgarh
Pradesh
Slow Progressing States
IHHTs Application Received vs. Constructed
200,000 2,797
180,000 2,000
160,000
140,000
120,000
2,767
100,000
185,436
80,000 170,000
60,000
40,000 112 1,166 88,760
20,000 2,820 25,953
-
Himachal Uttarakhand Odisha Jharkhand Tamil Nadu
Pradesh
Fast Progressing States
16,656
30,000
CTs & PTs Target FY 15-16 vs. Achievement
25,000
20,000
6,960 2,689
15,000
5,776
10,000 3,571
6000 57
5000
4000 144
231
3000 20 5,222
2000
3,063
163 2,442
2146
1000
513
0
Punjab Bihar Telengana Uttarakhand Jharkhand
Way Forward
• Develop and Disseminate Technology alternatives, as PILOTs
for sanitation & solid waste management (DST)
• MSW Rules 2015 Notified incorporated provisions for
responsibility of Ministries, State Govt.ULBs, Pollution
Control Boards and also extended producers’ responsibility
and other enforcements (MoEFCC)
• Harness NSS, NCC, Nehru Yuvak Kendras, Scouts & Guides
and Eco Clubs for Swachh Bharat activities
(MoYA/MoEF/MOD/MHRD)
• First working day of the week be practiced as Swachhta
Diwas in all educational institutions (MHRD)
Thank You
• Reuse and recycling efforts are being made but have limited success
• Used for narrow lanes in cities • Commonly used • Use in industrial and government
buildings; IST size > 4.0 cu.m
• Village use • Use in domestic and commercial
customer; IST size < 2.0 cu.m • Other use : Interworks (STP
• Small septic tanks Sludge removal)
• Other use : Seeding treatment
plants • Private STP sludge removal
Others 1. Glove
2. Reflective Vest
3. Safety Spectacles
4. Wellington Safety Boot
5. Rain Coat
6. Life Vest
7. Antiseptic Soap
Desludging Works
Connect Hose
Day 1
Day 9 at 8.30 am
Height = 0.5 meter Day 8 at 8.30 am Day 7 at 6.00pm
Volume =186.5m3 Height = 0.7 meter Height = 0.9 meter
(39 trips – 4.5m3) Volume = 175m3 Volume =140.5m3
Condition = Wet Condition = Wet
Need to install another Condition = Wet
Geobag (start rotation)
© Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation | 38
FECAL SLUDGE TREATMENT / PROCESSING
Mechanised
42
Capture and Containment
On-site Infrastructure:
Individual toilet with septic tank
and pits
Off-site Infrastructure:
Public/Community toilet with septic
tank and pits
98 % 2% 71 % 29 %
43
Collection and Conveyance
44
Mechanical Desludging – Operating Model
Customer Management PlatformOperated by National Sanitation Utility (ONAS), Senegal
Steps Involved:
• Customer calls centre when they
require desludging
• Desludging Operators are invited to
submit an offer (quote)
• Calls for bids goes out over cell
phone messages
• Lowest bidder among the operators
Household Call Centre Desludgin is awarded the job
g • Household gets service within 2-3
Operators days
Key Points:
• Operational from 2013
• Database created for 59,000 Household Septic Tanks and 138 Desludging Trucks
• Each Operator does 7 trips per week (on an average)
• Each job takes 2-3 hours of operation
• High price might be there, but it is maintained by increased competition
45
Treatment
*Only if:
• Coagulants are used in the settling tank (Lime, Chitosan, etc.)
• Alternative filter material are used in Unplanted Drying Bed
(Shell, Glass, etc.)
• Daily turning of FS in drying beds
As a soil Usually given away for free or @ 3.6 USD per ton to
fertilizer farmers
47
Omni-Processor – in operation in Dakar for FS Treatment
Sludge/Combustion
Recycled Water
Gasses
Combusts fecal waste, destroying all pathogens Creates excess electricity
Recycles water from sludge into clean drinking Does not require electrical grid 48
2012 2022
Treatment Capacity
313 2,138
(MLD)
30 % Sewer 63 % Sewer
Coverage Coverage
140,000
105,109
120,000
170,844
100,000
number
80,000 54,258
60,000
40,000
20,000
0
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
year
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Households Served 95 506 532 663 2,584 11,636 20,584 33,581 37,630 54,258 105,109 170,844
Pinugay Septage
Treatment Plant
600 cum/day
FTI Septage
Treatment Plant
(MTSP: South SpTP)
814 cum/day
Reference: Sewerage and Septage Management
Presentation-Manila Water Inc
SEPTAGE TREATMENT PLANTS
Domestic wastewater
management
Faecal sludge management
X 2,100 mg/L
73.5 tons
In Thailand:
- Food poisoning
- Diarrhea cases, major
organisms from flora, E. coli
(EPEC), Salmonella, Shigella
(Pruksananonda, 2008)
Population 264,649
Households106,074
4 Staffs + 1 coordinator
Storage, Suan Kaew Temple Storage, Nonthaburi City Municipality Fertilizer production unit, Songkla City Municipality
FS truck emptying
Gas collector
350 m3/day
Electricity
Covered lagoon CH4 generator
from biogas
Solids Liquid
Aerobic
Drying bed
pond
Constructed
wetland
Storage RO+UV
pond plant
Tap water
Flow diagram storage
CONSTRUCTED
WETLANDS
Suitable
Technology
For Successful FSM
Planning
Capacity Institutional
Building
Advocacy Technical
Financial
• new equipment
Technologies
• Innovative systems
• Waste-to energy processor
THESE SYSTEMS NEVER USED AFTER CONSTRUCTION –
BANGLADESH
www.fsmtoolbox.com
Other
tools
Supporting tools
Description
List of tools
Download
FSM ONLINE COURSE
73
Thank You!
TM
Can be
Retrofitted into
Existing Urinals
WHERE IT IS FITTED
COMPETING SOLUTIONS COMPARISON
Zerodor Membrane based trap
Ammonia Control
Zerodor : 0.22 - .44 ppm
Resistance to
Solid Particles:
Zerodor : above 4mm
ZERODOR
FITTED URINAL
Zerodor vs Membrane based Trap
200 + clients.
WHERE WE ARE
Compelling Reasons to Adopt Zerodor
www.ekamecosolutions.com
uttam@ekamecosolutions.com
+91 99 99 80 72 07
chariarv@ekamecosolutions.com
+91 98 11 64 63 58
Gratitude!
ENBIOLET
TECHNOLOGY
ENBIOLET-the Environment
Friendly Aerobic Bio-toilet:
....ushering a revolution in
Health, Hygiene & Sanitation.
UNIQUENESS OF BIO-TOILET:
Completely Environment & user Friendly;
Odor free and does not produce any foul smell;
Uses Natures’ products to clean human waste;
Water positive solution;
Virtually maintenance free;
Prevents soil pollution from open feces discharge;
Preserves ground water quality;
Controls the spread of fecal transmitted diseases;
100% treatment of solid waste, as per SBM guidelines 2014.
Does not emits Methane & Hydrogen sulphide.
WASTES CONVERTED
PRIMARILY INTO
WATER
89
THE BIO-DIGESTOR TANK:
THERE ARE BASICALLY TWO TYPES OF BIO TOILETS BASED ON TECHNOLOGY USAGE:
1. Aerobic Bio-Toilet: involves the aerobic bacteria which feeds upon the fecal matter inside the
tank, through aerobic bio digestion process and finally degrades the matter into neutral water and
traces of CO2.
2. Anaerobic Bio-Toilet: involves the anaerobic bacteria which feed upon the fecal matter inside the
tank, through an anaerobic process which finally degrades the matter and releases methane gas
and treated water.
Aerobic bio-toilets uses multi strain aerobic bacterial culture where as anaerobic biological
toilet uses single strain bacteria culture.
Anaerobic bio digestion is extremely slow process while aerobic digestion completes within
24hours;
Aerobic bio digestion generates neutral water & only traces of CO2. Anaerobic bio digestion
generates large volumes of Methane, which is a greenhouse gas and emission is banned
globally.
Anaerobic bio digestion generates huge volumes of sludge as digestion is not complete while
no sludge remains from aerobic bio digestion;
Aerobic Bio toilets require a very small volume of bacterial culture for charging while half of
the tank of anaerobic bio toilet needs to be filled with bacteria.
Aerobic Bio digester tank size is nearly half in size of Anaerobic tank.
Aerobic bacteria is freely available in nature; easy to propagate and store.
Ganga Sagar Fair Shrawani Mela, Deoghar
Community Biotoilet- Kerala
Executive
Deluxe
Barmer, Rajasthan World Vision, Bokaro World Vision, Burdwan Eco Park, New Town Ongole Station
93
SERVICE LEVEL IMPROVEMENT PLANS:
A REVIEW
1.Sustainability
Most cities: emphasis on centralized sewerage system
Some cities : mention hybrid system – combination of
decentralized & centralized (e.g. Ahmedabad, Shimla,
Thanesar, Jabalpur, Gwalior, Dehradun)