Type of Headache

1.1
Migraine without aura

1.2
Migraine with aura

1.2.1
Migraine with typical
aura

1.5.2
Probable migraine with
aura
1.2.2
Migraine with brainstem
aura

2.1
Infrequent episodic
tension-type headache

2.2
Frequent episodic
tension-type headache
2.3
Chronic tension-type
headache

3.1
Cluster headache

3.1.1
Episodic cluster headache
(Other primary headache
disorders)

3.1.2
Chronic cluster headache
(Other primary headache
disorders)

4.4
Primary thuderclap
headache
(Other primary headache
disorders)
4.7
Primary stabbing
headache
(Other primary headache
disorders)
 Description

Recurrent headache disorder manifesting in attacks lasting 4-72 hours. Typical

characteristics of the headache are unilateral location, pulsating quality,
moderate or severe intensity, aggravation by routine physical activity and
association with nausea and/or photophobia and phonophobia.

Recurrent attacks, lasting minutes, of unilateral fully-reversible visual, sensory or

other central nervous system symptoms that usually develop gradually and are
usually followed by headache and associated migraine symptoms.

Migraine with aura in which aura consists of visual and/or sensory and/or
speech/language symptoms, but no motor weakness, and is characterized by
gradual development, duration of each symptom no longer than one hour, a mix
of positive and negative features and complete reversibility.

N/A
Migraine with aura symptoms clearly originating from the brainstem, but no
motor weakness.

Infrequent episodes of headache, typically bilateral, pressing or tightening in

quality and of mild to moderate intensity, lasting minutes to days. The pain does
not worsen with routine physical activity and is not associated with nausea,
although photophobia or phonophobia may be present.

Frequent episodes of headache, typically bilateral, pressing or tightening in

quality and of mild to moderate intensity, lasting minutes to days. The pain does
not worsen with routine physical activity and is not associated with nausea,
although photophobia or phonophobia may be present.
A disorder evolving from frequent episodic tension-type headache, with daily or
very frequent episodes of headache, typically bilateral, pressing or tightening in
quality and of mild to moderate intensity, lasting hours to days, or unremitting.
The pain does not worsen with routine physical activity, but may be associated
with mild nausea, photophobia or phonophobia.

Attacks of severe, strictly unilateral pain which is orbital, supraorbital, temporal

or in any combination of these sites, lasting 15-180 minutes and occurring from
once every other day to eight times a day. The pain is associated with ipsilateral
conjunctival injection, lacrimation, nasal congestion, rhinorrhoea, forehead and
facial sweating, miosis, ptosis and/or eyelid oedema, and/or with restlessness or
agitation.

Cluster headache attacks occurring in periods lasting from 7 days to one year,
separated by pain-free periods lasting at least 3 months.

Cluster headache attacks occurring for one year or longer without remission, or
with remission periods lasting less than 3 months.

High-intensity headache of abrupt onset, mimicking that of ruptured cerebral

aneurysm, in the absence of any intracranial pathology.
Transient and localized stabs of pain in the head that occur spontaneously in the
absence of organic disease of underlying structures or of the cranial nerves.
Previously used terms:
Ice-pick pains; jabs and jolts; needle-in-the-eye syndrome; ophthalmodynia
periodica; sharp short-lived head pain.
 Diagnostic Criteria
A. At least five attacks fulfilling criteria B-D
B. Headache attacks lasting 4-72 hr (untreated or unsuccessfully treated)
C. Headache has at least two of the following four characteristics:
1. unilateral location
2. pulsating quality
3. moderate or severe pain intensity
4. aggravation by or causing avoidance of routine physical activity (eg. walking or climbing stairs)
D. During headache at least one of the following:
1. nausea and/or vomitting
2. photophobia and pnonophobia
E. Not better accounted for by another ICHD-3 diagnosis

A. At least two attacks fulfilling criteria B and C.

B. One or more of the following fully reversible aura symptoms:
1. visual
2. sensory
3. speech and/or language
4. motor
5. brainstem
6. retinal
C. At least three of the following six characteristics:
1. at least one aura suymptom spreads gradually over ≥ 5 minutes
2. two or more aura symptoms occur in succession
3. each individual aura symptom lasts 5-60 minutes
4. at least one aura symptom is unilateral (aphasia is always regarded as unilateral; dysarthria may or may not be)
5. at least one aura symptom is positive (scintillations and pins and needles are positive sympotms of aura)
6. the aura is accompanied, or followed within 60 minutes, by headache
D. Not better accounted for by another ICHD-3 diagnosis

A. Attacks fulfilling criteria for 1.2 Migraine with aura and criterion B below
B. Aura with both of the following:
1. fully reversible visual, sensory and/or speech/language symptoms
2. no motor, brainstem or retinal symptoms.

Brainstem aura symptoms: dysarthria, vertigo, tinnitus, hypacusis (impaired hearing), diplopia, ataxia, decreased lev
Dysarthria: “slurred speech.” A person with dysarthria has the language to speak but is difficult to understand due to
Aphasia: often know what they want to say but cannot find the words – as if the word is on the “tip of the tongue.”

A. Attacks fulfilling all but one of criteria A–C for 1.2 Migraine with aura or any of its subtypes
B. Not fulfilling ICHD-3 criteria for any other headache disorder
C. Not better accounted for by another ICHD-3 diagnosis.
A. Attacks fulfilling criteria for 1.2 Migraine with aura and criterion B below
B. Aura with both of the following:
1. at least two of the following fully reversible brainstem symptoms:
a. dysarthria
b. vertigo
c. tinnitus
d. hypacusis
e. diplopia
f. ataxia not attributable to sensory deficit
g. decreased level of consciousness
2. no motor or retinal (scintillations, scotomata, or blindness in one eye) symptoms

A. At least 10 episodes of headache occurring on <1 day/month on average (<12 days/year) and fulfilling criteria B-D
B. Lasting from 30 minutes to 7 days
C. At least two of the following four characteristics:
1. bilateral location
2. pressing or tightening (non-pulsating) quality
3. mild or moderate intensity
4. not aggravated by routine physical activity such as walking or climbing stairs
D. Both of the following:
1. no nausea or vomiting
2. no more than one of photophobia or phonophobia
E. Not better accounted for by another ICHD-3 diagnosis

A. At least 10 episodes of headache occurring on 1-14 days/month on average for >3 months (≥12 and <180 days/ye
B. Lasting from 30 minutes to 7 days
C. At least two of the following four characteristics:
1. bilateral location
2. pressing or tightening (non-pulsating) quality
3. mild or moderate intensity
4. not aggravated by routine physical activity such as walking or climbing stairs
D. Both of the following:
1. no nausea or vomiting
2. no more than one of photophobia or phonophobia
E. Not better accounted for by another ICHD-3 diagnosis
A. Headache occurring on ≥15 days/month on average for >3 months (≥180 days/year), fulfilling criteria B-D
B. Lasting hours to days, or unremitting
C. At least two of the following four characteristics:
1. bilateral location
2. pressing or tightening (non-pulsating) quality
3. mild or moderate intensity
4. not aggravated by routine physical activity such as walking or climbing stairs
D. Both of the following:
1. no more than one of photophobia, phonophobia or mild nausea
2. neither moderate or severe nausea nor vomiting
E. Not better accounted for by another ICHD-3 diagnosis

A. At least five attacks fulfilling criteria B-D

B. Severe or very severe unilateral orbital, supraorbital and/or temporal pain lasting 15-180 minutes (when untreate
C. Either or both of the following:
1. at least one of the following symptoms or signs, ipsilateral to the headache:
-conjunctival injection and/or lacrimation
-nasal congestion and/or rhinorrhoea
-eyelid oedema
-forehead and facial sweating
-miosis and/or ptosis
2. a sense of restlessness or agitation
D. Occurring with a frequency between one every other day and 8 per day
E. Not better accounted for by another ICHD-3 diagnosis

A. Attacks fulfilling criteria for 3.1 Cluster headache and occurring in bouts (cluster periods)
B. At least two cluster periods lasting from 7 days to 1 year (when untreated) and separated by pain-free remission

A. Attacks fulfilling criteria for 3.1 Cluster headache, and criterion B below
B. Occurring without a remission period, or with remissions lasting <3 months, for at least 1 year.

A. Severe head pain fulfilling criteria B and C

B. Abrupt onset, reaching maximum intensity in <1 minute
C. Lasting for ≥5 minutes
D. Not better accounted for by another ICHD-3 diagnosis.
A. Head pain occurring spontaneously as a single stab or series of stabs and fulfilling criteria B and C
B. Each stab lasts for up to a few seconds
C. No cranial autonomic symptoms
D. Not better accounted for by another ICHD-3 diagnosis.