Chapter 4

AVI30419
Certificate III in Aviation Remote

Pilot
Training Workbook
Part A:
Theory Training Chapter
4
Student Name Vaioleti. Tuioti ARN
Course Dates
RPAS Training Workbook Chapter 4
COPYRIGHT INFORMATION
This document has been developed for Aviation Australia by Remote Aviation Australia and is subject to copyright.
Remote Aviation Australia claims copyright in each page of this document and as a collective work and/or compilation.
You must not copy, display, distribute, or create derivative works from this document (or any part of it), whether in
electronic or print media without first obtaining express written permission from Remote Aviation Australia.
This document or any part of its contents must not be disclosed to any person who is not a student, client or employee
of Remote Aviation Australia.
IMPORTANT OPERATIONAL INFORMATION

All information, including extracts from maps, charts, ERSA, NOTAMs and aeronautical publications are for training
purposes only and must not be used operationally. You must refer to the latest, controlled source for valid operational
information.
Aviation Abbreviations and Acronyms
AAL Above aerodrome level

AC Advisory Circular (document interpreting aviation legislation)
AIP Aeronautical Information Publication (contains aviation procedures)
AGL Above ground level
AMSL Above mean sea level
ARN Aviation reference number (a unique number CASA uses to identify you)
AROC Aeronautical Radio Operator’s Certificate (certification to use an aviation VHF radio) ATC
Air traffic control
ATIS Automatic terminal information service (airport weather information) ATS
Air traffic services
ATSB Australian Transport Safety Bureau
ATTI Attitude mode (GPS-hold function switched off or not available – RPA drifts with wind)
BVLOS Beyond visual line of sight
CASA Civil Aviation Safety Authority
CASR Civil Aviation Safety Regulations (aviation legislation/flight rules) CAVOK
Cloud base and visibility okay (used in weather forecasts)
CRM Crew resource management
CTAF Common traffic advisory frequency
DJI A remote aircraft manufacturer from China (the world’s largest)
ELEV Elevation – usually used to describe the height of an aerodrome above sea level.
ERSA En-route Supplement Australia (document containing aerodrome, PRD, FN information)
FN Fly neighbourly area Ft Foot (or feet)
GPS Global positioning satellite
JSA Job safety assessment (a risk management tool for RPAS operations)
Kt Knot
AVI30419 - Certificate III in Aviation (Remote Pilot) v2.0 Page 2 of 32

NAIPS National aeronautical information processing system (online systems to access briefing information –
weather, NOTAMs etc.) NM Nautical mile
NOTAM Notice to airmen (used to indicate a change to aviation documents)
QNH Altimeter subscale setting to obtain elevation or altitude
PRD Prohibited/restricted/danger area
ReOC RPA Operator’s Certificate (the certificate for a business)
RePL Remote Pilot Licence (the certification for individual pilots)
RPA Remotely piloted aircraft (i.e. a drone)
RPAS Remotely piloted aircraft systems (the RPA, pilot station, control link and launch/retrieval systems) RTH
Return to home
TAF Aerodrome forecast TAS
True airspeed
TEM Threat and error management
UAS Unmanned aerial systems (an alternative name for RPAS)
UAV Unmanned aerial vehicle (an alternative name for RPA)
UTC Universal coordinated time (same as GMT and Zulu time)
VHF Very high frequency (usually refers to a type of aviation radio) VFR
Visual flight rules
VMC Visual meteorological conditions VTC
Visual Terminal Chart
WAC World Aeronautical Chart

Introduction
Preamble
This workbook is used in conjunction with the Student Resources and lessons you have been given.
The following information, review questions and exercises are required to be completed to further help your
understanding of Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems within aviation industry.
The review and exercises answers will be addressed during the course progression to assist you in the completion and
understanding of the desired outcomes.
NOTE: Pre-requisite study of student resources required to complete questions and exercises.

Chapter 4: Operational Planning
We have introduced the basic concepts of navigation to help you determine your RPA’s position, or intended
operational position on a map, and therefore understand the surrounding airspace.
Position and Navigation
All navigation is done with reference to the surface of the Earth. The Earth orbits around the sun in addition to
rotating around its own axis.
Review 1 – Describe the two reference points to determine your position on the Earth’s surface?
1 Latitude and Longitude
2 Bearings
Once in flight, however, there are other means of specifying the position of the aircraft.
Review 2 – What other means can you indicate aircraft’s position?
1 by position over a landmark or radio beacon, e.g., over the Harbour Bridge
2 by range (distance) and bearing from a landmark or radio beacon, e.g., ten nautical miles (10nm) on a bearing of
290* from Mackay
Navigation is simply a matter, of pointing where you wish to go and making adjustments in direction to allow for wind
and to achieve the flightpath you desire in relation to those features.
Review 3 – You are flying due north, with a wind blowing from the east. What direction would you adjust your
heading to avoid drifting off track and why?
You would adjust your heading north-east. So the plane is facing towards the wind.
Track:

During flight, the only direction reference in most RPA (and even manned aircraft) is by magnetic compass. The
eastern states of Australia experience easterly variation (magnetic track is less than true track by this amount –
‘magnetic is least’), while in Western Australia, the variation is westerly (‘magnetic is best’).
Review 4 – Identify the missing

information on the map?
A: 300* M
B: 2* W
C: The agonic line
D: Isogonals
E: 100* T
F: 6* E
Review 5 – Factors that can affect the directional control on a RPAS?
1. Wind
2. Wind gusts
3. Squalls
4. Temperature
5. Thermal uplifting
6. Terrain
7. Turbulence
Speed:
Most RPA are operated at close range, and the speed information is given
in metres per second. Using these formulas, RPA controllers are able to
calculate out the time, distance or speed. For example, how much time
would it take to travel 400 metres if the RPA has a groundspeed of 7
metres per second?
Time = Distance / Speed
Time = 400 / 7
Time = 57 seconds

Using the above conversions, complete the following calculations:

Review 6 – Speed/Distance/Time calculations
Speed Distance Time
3 m/s 135m 45 secs
4m/s 200m 50 secs
8 m/s 520m 65 secs
Groundspeed equals airspeed minus headwind, or airspeed plus tailwind. Therefore, our groundspeed is 5m/s – 2m/s =
3m/s. The return home journey will be flown at 3m/s. Now that speed is known, the DST triangle rule can be used to
calculate time.
Using the above conversions, complete the following calculations:

Review 7 – Speed/Distance/Time calculations
Airspeed Wind Speed Ground Speed
100 Headwind of 20 80
130 Tailwind of 40 170
Tailwind of 50
55 5
Aviation charts
There are various aviation charts published by Airservices Australia that will assist your RPA flight planning.
Map Scales:
Scale is defined as the ratio of the chart length compared to the Earth distance that it represents. The larger the chart
length for a given Earth length, the larger the scale and the more detail that can be shown.
Review 8 – What is the scale for the following Chart/Map types?
VTC 1:250,000
VNC 1:500,000
WAC 1:1,000,000
Chart Information:
Review 9 – List the basic aeronautical information shown on the VT Chart?

- Prohibited, restricted and danger areas within the terminal area

- Control zones and associated control areas at an enlarged scale
- Lanes of entry
- Aeronautical beacons, lights and obstructions
- An approximate runway layout for the major aerodromes that the VTC covers
- VFR approach points for Class D aerodromes, and
- Colour-shaded areas where less than 500 ft clearance exists between terrain and the overlying CTA.
Altitude, Height and Elevation:

In general, due to the large geographic spread, and the need to use a consistent datum, vertical distances depicted on
aviation charts are measured as altitudes (in feet) above mean sea level (AMSL).
Use the student resource for relevant information.

Review 10 – Name the relevant information for the diagram above?
A: Aerodrome elevation 400 ft

B: Mean sea level
C: Spot height on chart
D: Height AAL 2000 ft (above aerodrome level) (QFE setting)
E: Altitude AMSL 2400 ft (above mean seal level) (QNH setting)
The VTC shows both topographical (e.g., hill contours, rivers, reservoirs) and cultural (e.g., towns, roads, railways)
information, as well as aeronautical information. It is important to become familiar with the various makings and labels
depicted on aviation charts.
Review 11 – What do the following map symbols represent on a VTC?
Aerodrome
Military control zone
Restricted area

Area where less than 500 ft clearance exists between terrain and CTA
CTAF
Aviation Publications
AIP & ERSA:
An Aeronautical Information Publication (AIP) is a publication containing aeronautical information essential to air
navigation. The En-Route Supplement Australia (ERSA) has been developed by Airservices Australia and supplements
the Aeronautical Information Publications (AIPs).
Review 12 – List the relevant information contained within the aviation publications?
AIP ERSA
1. aerodrome and ground aids. 1. aerodrome data, including the elevation, aerodrome
reference point, movement area diagrams, relevant radio
frequencies, navigation aids and contact information
2. communications 2. prohibited, restricted, and danger areas, including

operating hours and contact details
3. meteorology 3. emergency procedures
4. search and rescue 4. UAV (RPA testing
5. air traffic rules and services 5. Fly neighbourly advice for locations such as Kangaroo
Island, Phillip Island, Port Campbell, National Park (12
Apostles), Kakadu National Park and Uluru.
6. departure and approach procedures

Use the relevant information above.

Review 13 – Q&A’s
1. What is the AVFX Code? 7003
2. What is the CTAF radio frequency? 126.9

3. What is aerodrome elevation? 33 ft
4. What is the local time if is 0100Z (UTC)? 1100
5. What is the magnetic variation at this location? VAR 14 DEG E
6. Are there any additional information notes that may impact
Bird Hazards exists
you as an RPAS operator?
Airspace
Airspace is classified on an international scale according to the degree of control and traffic density.
Classes of Airspace:
Controlled airspace is airspace of defined dimensions within which ATC services are provided. The level of control
varies with different classes of airspace.
Review 14 – List three reasons why controlled airspace has been established?
1 High-volume air traffic areas
2 IFR traffic under ATC guidance
3 Security, such as an ADIZ

Airspace is classified on an international scale according to the degree of control and traffic density.
Circle the correct answer.

Review 15 – Of the Airspace types below, which are controlled by ATC
CLASS A Controlled / Uncontrolled
CLASS C Controlled / Uncontrolled
CLASS D Controlled / Uncontrolled
CLASS G Controlled / Uncontrolled
Danger Areas
A danger area is “an airspace of defined dimensions within or over which activities of potential danger to aircraft flying
over the area may exist”.
Refer to the student resource for the answer.
Review 16 – What does D666 represent on the VT Chart?
D666, is a danger area on the VT Chart.
Prohibited and Restricted Areas

Prohibited and restricted areas are airspace in which a potential hazard to aircraft operations may exist, and therefore
the operation of civil aircraft (including RPA) is restricted.
Review 17 – Insert RA number below with the correct definition. E.g., RA1, RA2, RA3
RA_3__ Pilots must not flight plan through the restricted area and clearance will not be available.
Pilots may flight plan through the restricted area and under normal circumstances expect a
RA_1__
clearance from air traffic control (ATC).
Pilots must generally not flight plan through the restricted area unless on a route specified in
RA_2__ ERSA (this applies mainly to manned aviation) or approved by the Department of Defence.
However, a clearance from ATC is not assured.
Noise Abatement and Fly Neighbourly

RPA operators are subject to applicable local noise abatement requirements, such as operating hour limitations and
flight path/altitude restrictions.
Review 18 – What publication and what area is the noise abatement procedures, including 'Fly Neighbourly'
areas, in?
Details on these areas are contained in the ERSA gen under the heading “Special Procedures (not

associated with an aerodrome “). Areas include, Kakadu National Park, Blue Mountains National Park.
Port Campbell National Park and Ayers Rock.
Visual Flight Rules

VMC is an aviation flight category in which VFR flight is permitted—that is, conditions in which pilots have sufficient
visibility to fly the aircraft maintaining visual separation from terrain and other aircraft.
Review 19 – List the VMC minima outside controlled airspace
A Clear of cloud with 5,000 m of visibility
B Below 3,000 ft AMSL or 1,000 ft AGL (whichever is higher,
C 1,000 ft vertical/ 1,500 ft horizontal separation from cloud above these altitudes or in controlled airspace.
D 1,000ft above, 500ft below + 600 VIZ
NAIPS
NAIPS, or the National Aeronautical Information Processing System, is a computerised system available from
Airservices Australia.
Notice To Airmen (NOTAMs)

Notices to Airmen (NOTAMs) are used to inform pilots and operators of significant changes to aerodromes or airspace
that may impact aircraft operations. NOTAMs are additional information not contained in the current version of the
AIPs, ERSA or aeronautical maps, and may be permanent or temporary.
Refer to the NOTAM above.

Review 20 – Q&A’s
1. What distance will the operations occur of any observed

Within a 5 nautical mile radius
fires?
2. What height will the operations fly? Below 3000 ft AGL
3. What time frame is the NOTAM active? October, 31st
Risk Management

Risk management is a formalised way of dealing with hazards. It is the logical process of weighing the potential cost of
risks from hazards against the possible benefits of allowing those risks from hazards to stand unmitigated.
Hazard vs Risk
Review 21 – Define Hazard vs Risk
Hazard A hazard is a resent condition, event, object, or circumstance that could lead to or contribute to an
unplanned or undesired event, such as an accident. It is a source of danger.
Risk Risk is the future impact of a hazard that is not controlled or eliminated. It is the possibility of loss or
injury.
Risk Assessment:
If you hold a valid remotely piloted aircraft operator's certificate (ReOC) you may be able to fly a remotely piloted
aircraft (RPA) up to 15 m away from a person, rather than the 30 m usually allowed.
To fly under the rule, you must meet all the following conditions:
a) your RPA weighs less than 150 kg
b) you have consent from the person you are flying near
c) you do not fly closer than 15 m.
Before flying closer than 30 m to people, Chief Remote Pilots must perform a detailed risk assessment that considers
the increased risk factors.
Review 22 – When performing a risk assessment, what should Chief Remote Pilots consider:
1. the speed and the size of the RPA
2. mobility of bystanders
3. bystander awareness of the RPA’s position at all times
4. flight path proximity to bystanders
5. pilot and controller location and how close they are to bystanders
6. environment, wind, sun, lighting etc.
7. possibility of GPS shadows or turbulence around buildings.
Risk Mitigation:
Chief Remote Pilots must also consider the overall risk where multiple risk factors have a high score.
Once risks have been identified, sufficient mitigation strategies must be implemented.
Review 23 – List what Risk Mitigation strategies could include:

1. assistance from safety crew
2. restricting flight times for each RPA or pilot
3. using a smaller or lighter RPA
4. restricting the RPA speed
5. Restricting the number of bystanders within 30m of the RPA
6. creating an action plan in case of RPA control problems or failure
7. using propeller guards or different propellers
If risks can't be mitigated to an acceptable level of safety, you must not fly.
Inappropriate RPAS flight mode awareness and selection:

On some occasions, an RPA could be launched with the incorrect flight mode selected. If this occurs, the operator
should use the selector switch on the remote controller or change the setting through an app or program if flying from
a Ground Control Station.
Review 24 – What do the Flight Mode settings, when operating a DJI system, mean:
P Programmable or using GPS to maintain position and height
Attitude mode where satellites are not tracked and will only maintain height. The aircraft will drift
A
easily in wind when this mode is selected.
S Sports Mode
Risk assessment is an essential part of the risk management strategy and is used to determine what risks will be
tolerated, mitigated (controlled), or in some cases, avoided.
Review 25 – List the key areas a safety risk management process should cover:
1. communication and consultation
2. establishing the context
3. risk assessment
4. risk treatment, and
5. monitoring and review


Risk Assessment:
Using the risk rating table complete the following table by correlating the “Likelihood” score against the
“Consequence” and establish if the task is able to proceed in its current state.
Risk Rating Table
Refer to the Risk Rating Table.

Review 26 – Likelihood vs. Consequence write in the correct response.
Likelihood Consequence Risk Rating / Can task proceed?
(High risk) – Task is not permitted. Risk controls are required to ensure residual risk
5 1
is acceptable.
(Extreme risk) – task is not permitted. Risk controls are required to ensure residual
3 5
risk is acceptable.
(Medium risk) – task may proceed, however, risk must be reduced to ‘as low as
1 3
reasonably practicable’ (ALARP)
(Medium risk) – task may proceed, however, risk must be reduced to ‘as low as
0 5
reasonably practicable’ (ALARP)
Work Health and Safety
Work Health and Safety Obligations:

Knowing and understanding WHS laws and how they apply to your company, will help to avoid unnecessary costs and
damage to your company, caused by workplace injury and illness.
Review 27 – Under Australian WHS/OHS legislation businesses are legally obliged to:
1. provide sake work premises
2. assess risks and implement appropriate measures for controlling them
3. ensure safe use and handling of goods and substances
4. provide and maintain safe machinery and materials
5. assess workplace layout and provide safe systems of work
6. provide a suitable working environment and facilities
7. have insurance and workers compensation workers’ compensation insurances for your employees
Review 28 – People who work in your business have work health and safety obligations to themselves and their
colleagues. They must
1. comply with instructions given for work health and safety
2. use any provided personal protective equipment and be properly trained in how to use it
3. not wilfully or recklessly interfere with or misuse anything provided for work health and safety at the workplace.
4. not wilfully place others at risk
5. not wilfully injure themselves
Work Health and Safety signs and signals:

In the aviation environment it is important to be aware of safety signs and symbols to assist in maintaining a safe
working environment.
Safety signs fall into four general categories and are colour coded for easy recognition to assist with:
• preventing accidents
• signal health hazards
• indicate the location of safety, first aid and fire protection equipment

• give clear guidance and instruction in emergency procedures • form part of the total safety information
system of the area
Review 29 – What colours are associated with the following safety sign categories?
Prohibited A red circle with a line through the centre of it
Mandatory (or Regulatory) Blue
Warning Yellow or amber
Safe Conditions Green
Personal protective equipment (PPE):

PPE is designed to be worn by someone to protect them from the risk of injury or illness.
Review 30 – List five (5) types of PPE:
1 Hearing PPE
2 Gloves
3 High visibility safety garments
4 Footwear
5 Eye protection

Obtaining Approvals and Permissions
There may be occasions where you would like to operate contrary to the CASRs, which require the submission of an
area approval and/or permission.
Review 31 – In applying to CASA for any aviation related Area Approval, Permission and/or Exemption required
for an RPAS operation, who is the person responsible?
The Chief Remote Pilot is responsible for applying to CASA for any aviation related Area Approval, Permission
and/or Exemption required for an RPAS operation.
Review 32 – CASR 101.080 states that a ReOC holder is required to obtain permission to operate where?
1 Above 400 ft AGL in controlled airspace.
2 Above 400 ft AGL outside controlled airspace.
3 Beyond visual line of sight.
Review 33 – Are you permitted to operate an RPAS in the Sydney Harbour area? If not, what can you do to obtain
permission?
No, you are not permitted to operate an RPAS in the Sydney Harbour area. To be permitted to operate an RPAS in
the Sydney Harbour area RPAS pilots must receive permission from the controlling authority for R405AB for
operation wanted.
Managing RPAS Operations
Pre-Flight Activities: Documentation

Review 34 – As a minimum, what documentation should be completed before each flight?
Job Validation – completion of the Job Safety Assessment (JSA) and, if required, the Risk Control Worksheet
1
(see Operational Planning chapter)
Chief Remote Pilot Authorisation – usually in the form of a checklist confirming the job is safe and legal, and
2
appropriate staff and resources have been allocated to the task.
Briefings
Briefings are a necessary planning activity. They can include the development and review of the operational plan to
inform all parties involved so they are ready to begin final preparations for conducting the specific task.
Review 35 – List, as a minimum, who should be included as part of the pre-flight briefing?

The briefing is normally delivered to all attending crew, observers, clients and visitors so they understand operating
rules and responsibilities.
RPAS Operational Release:

Before commencing an RPA operation, a certified RPA operator must make and keep a record of the relevant
information (an RPAS operational release) for the operation.
Review 36 – How long should an RPA operator keep a Remote Pilot Operational Log from the last time the RPA is
operated by them?
The certified RPA operator must keep the RPA operational release for at least 7 years after the day the operation
ends.
Emergency Management:
Continuing to fly the RPA, or attempting to return the RPA to normal flight, is vital during any emergency. The safety of
the general public and airspace users is a priority.
Review 37 – According to an old aviation saying, what are the three things you should do if you encounter an
abnormal situation?
Aviate
1
2 Navigate
3 Communicate
Lost link:
A lost link event is an interruption or loss of the control link between the control station and the RPA, preventing
control of the aircraft.
Review 38 – Is a lost link considered an emergency or abnormal situation?
A lost link is considered an abnormal situation, but not an emergency situation.
Flyaways:
A flyaway often begins as a lost link where an interruption or loss of the control link prevents control of the RPA.
However, in a flyaway, the pre-set lost link procedures are not established or are not being executed by the RPA. If a
flyaway occurs when operating in controlled airspace or near an aerodrome, and a threat to aircraft is likely, notify the
air traffic controller or airspace users immediately.
Review 39 – Should total control of the RPA be lost, list the steps to attempt to regain control:

1 Check the home position is set correctly.
2 Trigger ‘return to home’
3 Attempt manual control of the RPA (i.e., switch to ATTI mode or similar)
If operating near an aerodrome, broadcast over the required radio frequencies including last known position,
4
altitude and heading. Make a ‘security’ radio call.
5 Monitor RPA whereabouts with tracking device (when fitted); and
6 Track RPA and follow if possible, trying to regain control in either attitude or manual mode.
Operational Planning Software
There are several software or app-based solutions that can assist your operational planning. Not only are they
extremely accurate and efficient, but they can also reduce costs by not having to constantly buy new maps, ERSAs etc.
Review 40 – List two “Terms of Service” considerations when using Operational Planning Software:
1 You are solely responsible for operating your drone safely and lawfully at all times.
2 Check with official sources to determine the latest active restrictions and dangers.
Operational Scenario
Workplace Activity – Compile JSA

Task:
Conduct aerial filming at 221 Grindle Road, Wacol, Qld, of a Rugby League Grand Final between Lockyer Llamas
(team colours are orange with blue trim) and Prison Guards (team colours are black and white horizontal hoops).
The video and still images you capture will be used in Channel 26 News tonight.

Aim of activity:
• Complete a job safety assessment (JSA) for the intended flight and identify any airspace information and
operational risks (following pages).
Additional Information:
• The match will be played on the field closest to the clubhouse • Looking from the clubhouse,
Lockyer supporters will be on the left.
• You are operating a Mavic Pro 2 in the Sub 2 kg category.
• You are operating under the Standard Operating Conditions.
• You are to record two videos of 15-minute duration each video is to capture supporters from each team.
• You are to capture ten photos of as many different players from each team as possible.

Job Safety Assessment

Company Date
Task Location Check the following and address as needed
Sketch of area (if necessary) Maps and charts available and checked VTC/maps
Weather, within limits for RPA and operation NAIPS/BOM
Airspace classification and requirements VTC
NOTAMs NAIPS
Possibility of public moving into area
Footpath/right of way
Landing area including alternate Refer to map
Ability to maintain 30M of public
Obstructions (buildings, trees) (‘Return Trees, buildings, light-
to Home’ height setting) posts
Possible interference (Powerlines/antennas) Other drones on the
same frequency
Ability to maintain visual line of sight
Remote Pilot’s ability matches location/task
Permission of any landowners Contact field owners
Privacy Private property
Local restrictions/by laws
Signage placement Refer to map
Jobs specific threat and error management Consideration of other
operators.
RP Signature
Crew
Comments:
*Helicopters in area

Legend
Walking, entering area of the field
Drone flying areas/ spots
Base (where all the equipment and baggage are)
Using the JSA template from the previous page, identify airspace information and any risks that may occur during
your operations. List them below:

RISK ASSESSMENT TABLES

Table 1 - Consequence Values
Consequence
0 1 2 3 4 5
Permanent injury or
Serious injury causing One or more deaths,
Minor injury that does Minor injury that disability (including
hospitalisation or multiple severe injuries
People No injury not require medical requires first aid blinding) that may result
multiple medical or permanent total
treatment treatment in hospitalisation of at
treatment cases disability
least one person
A failure not serious
Minor RPAS damage
enough to cause RPAS Complete loss of or
Any element of the resulting in damage to
damage but which will Significant RPAS damage destruction of a RPAS Loss of all RPAS
RPAS RPAS is degraded components, incomplete
result in unscheduled but repairable component (RPA, camera elements
but task unaffected task and future
maintenance or repair transmitter, sensor, etc.)
unserviceability of RPAS
or incomplete task
Risk does not violate any Risk violates a law and
law and can be easily Risk violates a law but
Risk does not violate any is unable to be
remedied. It has some can be remedied. It has a
May threaten an law and can be easily remedied. It has a
residual effect on residual effect on
Small delay, internal element of the service remedied. It has some significant impact on
Reputation reputation and/or reputation and/or
inconvenience only resulting in the task or effect on reputation reputation and/or
external stakeholders and external stakeholders and
objective being delayed and/or external external stakeholders
while reputation is may result in damage to
stakeholders and will result in loss of
damaged it is recoverable reputation
reputation
Cost/Property More than $1,000 less More than $10,000 less More than $100,000 less Loss or damage
Damage Negligible Less than $1,000 than $10,000 than $100,000 than $1,000,000 exceeding $1M
Serious issue of
compliance with aviation
Serious issues of
safety regulations or Potential for aviation
compliance with aviation
operations or the loss of safety incident/s Potential for multiple
Minor breach of safety regulations, RPA
separation resulting in involving multiple fatal aviation safety
No aviation airspace aviation safety Area Approval or
Airspace the potential for a lifethreatening injuries, incidents causing
safety implication regulations or RPA operations resulting in
collision with a manned or multiple fatalities, to
Area Approval potential avoiding action
aircraft but the manned fatalities, to less than 10 10 or more people
by a manned aircraft but people
aircraft is able to land
no collision
with no serious injuries
or fatalities
Some users of the Airspace users are
Some users of the Most users of the
airspace may perceive All users of the airspace prohibited from
or experience airspace airspace may perceive or airspace will experience
Equitable will experience airspace operating in the
No effect on access inequality resulting in experience airspace airspace inequality
access of inequality resulting in airspace causing
to airspace users inequality resulting in resulting in long delay
airspace between 5-to-10minute long delay (>30 minutes) significant disruptions
more than 10-minute (>30 minutes) or major
delay or minor detour or major detours to operations and
delay or major detours detours
financial cost
RPAS Training Workbook
Table 2 – Likelihood
Almost Certain 5 >1 in 10 Is expected to occur in most circumstances
Likely 4 1 in 10 – 100 Will probably occur
Possible 3 1 in 100 – 1000 Might occur at some time in the future
Could occur but considered unlikely or

Unlikely 2 1 in 1000 – 10000
doubtful
Rare 1 1 in 10000 - 100000 May occur in exceptional circumstances

Likelihoo
Could only occur under specific conditions and

Extremely Rare 0 < 1 in 100000
extraordinary circumstances
d
Table 3 – Risk Rating
Consequence
0 1 2 3 4 5
5 6 7 8 9 10
Almost Certain 5
Likely 4 4 5 6 7 8 9
Possible 3 3 4 5 6 7 8
Unlikely 2 2 3 4 5 6 7
Rare 1 1 2 3 4 5 6
Likelihoo
Extremely Rare 0 0 1 2 3 4 5
d
Untreated Risk Scores

8,9,10 (Extreme risk) - Task is not permitted. Risk controls are required to ensure residual risk is
acceptable.
6,7 (High risk) - Task is not permitted. Risk controls are required to ensure residual risk is acceptable.
4,5 (Medium risk) - Task may proceed, however, risk must be reduced to ‘as low as reasonably
practicable’ (ALARP).
1,2,3 (Low risk) - Task may proceed.

RPAS Training Workbook
Table 4 – Risk Control Worksheet
Risk Additional Risk Treatment Risk Rating after

Existing Controls Strategies (to be
Strategic Theme Rating controls
The Risk Description and implemented to reduce the
Risk No/ (e.g., operational,
What can happen and The Consequence Adequacy (only risk rating to an acceptable
ID legal, financial,
How it can happen controls that are level)
resource etc…)
currently in place) L C R L C R
(a) (b) (a+b) (a) (b) (a+b)
Operate >30m from

Collision with person Fly on Saturday. Ensure no
Example Operational Serious injury people. Hazard signs 3 4 7 1 4 5
(child) one is on school grounds.
and observers

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AVI30419

Certificate III in Aviation Remote

Student Name Vaioleti. Tuioti ARN

IMPORTANT OPERATIONAL INFORMATION

Aviation Abbreviations and Acronyms

AAL Above aerodrome level

AVI30419 - Certificate III in Aviation (Remote Pilot) v2.0 Page 2 of 32

AVI30419 - Certificate III in Aviation (Remote Pilot) v2.0 Page 3 of 32

AVI30419 - Certificate III in Aviation (Remote Pilot) v2.0 Page 4 of 32

Chapter 4: Operational Planning

Position and Navigation

1 Latitude and Longitude

AVI30419 - Certificate III in Aviation (Remote Pilot) v2.0 Page 5 of 32

Review 4 – Identify the missing

Review 5 – Factors that can affect the directional control on a RPAS?

AVI30419 - Certificate III in Aviation (Remote Pilot) v2.0 Page 6 of 32

Using the above conversions, complete the following calculations:

Speed Distance Time

3 m/s 135m 45 secs

4m/s 200m 50 secs

8 m/s 520m 65 secs

Using the above conversions, complete the following calculations:

Airspeed Wind Speed Ground Speed

130 Tailwind of 40 170

Review 8 – What is the scale for the following Chart/Map types?

AVI30419 - Certificate III in Aviation (Remote Pilot) v2.0 Page 7 of 32

- Prohibited, restricted and danger areas within the terminal area

Altitude, Height and Elevation:

Use the student resource for relevant information.

A: Aerodrome elevation 400 ft

Military control zone

AVI30419 - Certificate III in Aviation (Remote Pilot) v2.0 Page 8 of 32

2. communications 2. prohibited, restricted, and danger areas, including

3. meteorology 3. emergency procedures

4. search and rescue 4. UAV (RPA testing

AVI30419 - Certificate III in Aviation (Remote Pilot) v2.0 Page 9 of 32

Use the relevant information above.

1. What is the AVFX Code? 7003

2. What is the CTAF radio frequency? 126.9

2 IFR traffic under ATC guidance

3 Security, such as an ADIZ

AVI30419 - Certificate III in Aviation (Remote Pilot) v2.0 Page 10 of 32

Circle the correct answer.

CLASS A Controlled / Uncontrolled

CLASS C Controlled / Uncontrolled

CLASS D Controlled / Uncontrolled

CLASS G Controlled / Uncontrolled

Review 16 – What does D666 represent on the VT Chart?

D666, is a danger area on the VT Chart.

Prohibited and Restricted Areas

Noise Abatement and Fly Neighbourly

AVI30419 - Certificate III in Aviation (Remote Pilot) v2.0 Page 11 of 32

Visual Flight Rules

A Clear of cloud with 5,000 m of visibility

B Below 3,000 ft AMSL or 1,000 ft AGL (whichever is higher,

D 1,000ft above, 500ft below + 600 VIZ

Notice To Airmen (NOTAMs)

Refer to the NOTAM above.

1. What distance will the operations occur of any observed