INTRODUCTION TO

EQUIPMENT AND MACHINERY

HNTEC IN AGROTECHNOLOGY
DIFFERENT TYPES OF FISHING
GEARS
HARVESTING EQUIPMENT
Outline
• Fisheries industry in Brunei

• Types of fishes

• Different types of fishing gears

WHERE IS THE LOCATION OF
FISHERIES DEPARTMENT?
Kompleks Perikanan Muara,
Simpang 287-53, Jalan
Peranginan Pantai Serasa,
Kampong Serasa,
Brunei Muara, BT 1728,
Brunei Darussalam
Organisational structure
Fishing Zones in Brunei
Trends and Targets of Fisheries Industries in Brunei
THE DEPARTMENT OF FISHERIES IS
SHIFTING THE FISHING INDUSTRY
TOWARDS AQUACULTURE. WHY?
 HOWEVER, CAPTURE FISHERIES
INDUSTRY IS STILL IMPORTANT PART
OF BRUNEI'S ECONOMIC
DEVELOPMENT.
SO, WHAT ARE THE TYPES OF FISHES
CAN BE CAPTURED IN THE SEA?
Types of fishes
• The fish fauna of Brunei Darussalam is high in species diversity.
• About 500 species of fish and invertebrates have been reported
from the catch of various fishing gears used in Brunei waters.
• There are two main resource groups caught:

1. Demersals 2. Pelagics
Demersals
• The term demersals refer to fishes and invertebrates that spend
most of their life on or near the sea bottom.
• There are about 400 species being caught in Brunei waters.
• Examples:
Pelagics
• The term pelagics refer to fishes that spend most of their adult life
living through the water column away from the sea bottom.
• Less diverse than the demersals – about 100 species.
• The pelagics consist of two major groups:

1. Small pelagics 2. Large pelagics

 Identify the types of fishes

Pelagics Demersals
ONCE WE UNDERSTOOD THE FISHES,
THEN WE CAN KNOW HOW TO CATCH
THEM.
SO, WHAT DO YOU USE TO CATCH
THE FISHES?
 Types of Fishing Gears

1. Hook and line

4. Straight vertical nets

2. Pot and trap

5. Surrounding nets
3. Engulfing nets
1) Hook and line
 HOOK AND LINE
• The gear generally consists of line(s) and hook(s) to which
artificial or edible baits are attached to lure and catch fishes or
other aquatic animals.
• Examples include:
✓ Handlines
✓ Pole and lines (mechanized)
✓ Troll
✓ Vertical longline
✓ Horizontal bottom longline
Handline Pancing

Demersal
Small Pelagics

Zone 1
 Pole and line Juran

Demersal
Pelagics

Zone 1 - 3
Troll Tunda

Pelagics

Zone 1 - 2
Vertical longline Papar or Perampun

Pelagics Zone 1 - 2
Horizontal bottom longline Rawai

Demersal

Zone 1 - 2
2) Pot and Trap
 Pot and Trap
• The gear is set or stationed in
the water for a certain period to
trap moving fish in the water.
• Trapping is made with the use
of a non-return valve fitted in • Examples include:
the entrance of the gear. • Palisade trap
• The gear may or may not • Funnel Intertidal trap
include a netting material. • Pot/Trap
Deep-water Shallow-water
Kilong Palisade Trap Lintau

Demersal

Zone 1
Funnel Intertidal Trap Tugu

Demersal Zone 1
 Pot / Trap Bubu

Freshwater
Demersal Fish Crab
Shrimp

Zone 2 Zone 1 Zone 1

3) Engulfing nets
 Engulfing Nets
• Also known as falling gear.
• The gear is usually a cone-shaped net that is dropped to cover
aquatic animals and trap them.
• Generally it is hand-operated in shallow waters.
• But some are operated from a boat for catching squid.
• Example:
• Cast net
 Cast Net Rambat
Demersal
Small Pelagics

Zone 1
 4) Straight vertical nets
• Also known as gill net
• Curtain-like net that are fitted with sinkers on the lower end and
floats on the upper end.
• These nets are set transversely to the path of migrating fish.
• Fish trying to make their way through the net wall are entangled,
gilled or enmeshed in the mesh.
• Example:
• Bottom / Trammel gill net
• Drift gill net
Bottom set gill net Trammel gill net
Andang jarang Andang karan

Demersal Zone 1
Drift gill net Rantau

Pelagic Zone 1
5) Surrounding nets
• The net is roughly rectangular in shape without a distinct bag.
• It is set vertically in water to surround the school of fish.
• Examples include:
• Purse seine
• Ring net
• Seine nets
• Trawl
Purse seine Lingkong

Pelagic Zone 2 - 4
Ring net Ancau

Pelagic Zone 1 - 2
 Seine nets Pukat

Pukat
kikis
Pukat
jawa
Demersal Demersal
Pelagic Pelagic

Zone 1 Zone 1 - 2
Trawl Pukat Tunda

Demersal

Zone 1 - 4
 Conclusions
• Capture fisheries industry in Brunei is slowly decreasing due to
overfishing.
• Sustainable fishing is highly recommended.
• There are two types of fishes being caught:
1. Demersals
2. Pelagics
• There are five types of fishing gears

1. Hook 2. Pot and 3. Engulfing 4. Straight 5. Surrounding

and line trap nets vertical nets nets
 Practical Work 1 (Aqua-Tech)
• PW 1 time period: 26th August 2019 – 12th October 2019 (6
weeks)
• Individual work
• PW 1 will be assessed on three aspects:

1. Fishing gear 2. ?? 3. ??

• Under fishing gear, there are two tasks to be completed:

1. Choose and operate one fishing gear.
2. Catch at least one fish with the chosen gear.