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Phrase Vs Clause

Presentation · October 2022

DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.19314.58564

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Souad Benguega
Ecole normale supérieure de Ouargla, Algeria
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 ENS –Ouargla
Department of Foreign Languages

Phrase Vs Clause

Dr. Souad Benguega module: Writing

 Objective
By the end of this lesson, the students will be able to:
1 Distinguish between a phrases, a clause and a
sentence.

2. Identify the types of clauses (dependent/

independent).
What is a sentence?
 What is a sentence?

A sentence is a group of words that

contains a subject-verb combination to

express a complete thought in a fixed

structure of grammar and punctuation.

Examples:

 She is a intelligent woman.

 Can you spell it?
 Give it please. (Subject “you” is understood)
 Clause
 A clause is a group of words with a subject-verb combination
 Clause is of two types: independent and dependent
Clause
A clause is a group of words with a subject-verb
combination Clause is of two types: independent
and dependent

Clause

Independent Dependent
 Independent clause
 Independent clause is a group of words that contains a subject-verb combination.

 It can be a “Simple Sentence” on its own because it makes a sense

 A simple sentence has one main clause.

Examples:

 Brian pulled over to the side of the road.

 Jane may be there soon.

 or a “part of a sentence” containing Subject and Predicate (Verb + Object) is a clause.

Examples:

 When Brian saw the police car behind him, he pulled over to the side of the road.

 Jane may be there soon unless she gets stuck in traffic.

 Dependent clause
 A dependent clause is a group of words that contains subject-verb combination

 It is “needy”; It needs another clause (independent) to complete its meaning. It cannot function

without assistance or support from an independent clause.

 A dependent clause starts with a subordinating conjunction or a relative pronoun. A simple

sentence has one main clause.

Subordinating conjunction Relative pronoun

after, although, as, as if, as long as, who, whom, whose, where, when,
because, before, despite, even if, why, that, which and how.
even though, if, in order that, rather
than, since, so that, that, though,
unless, until, when, where, whereas,
whether, and while
 Examples

 When I saw her, I was surprised.

 I did not go to school because I was sick.

 Although she revised well her lessons, she did not succeed in her exam.

 Since the sun and Earth are embedded in the galaxy, it is difficult for us to obtain an
overall view of the galaxy.

 After Batman was done working for the night, Robin took a secret ride in the Batmobile.

 As Sherri blew out the candles atop her birthday cake, she caught her hair on fire.

 Sara begins to sneeze whenever she opens the window to get a breath of fresh air.

 When the doorbell rang, my dog Skeeter barked loudly.

 Practice: Identify the type of the clause.
 My friend helped me.  I have lost the tickets.

 Because I won the first prize.  He could not answer any of the questions.

 When I was in danger.  Although he is very rich.

 Which I bought.  That he is a brave man.

 We believe in democracy.  He was guilty.

 My parents were happy.  What he told me.

 Though it has its shortcomings.  He gave me everything.

 This is the girl.  Your statement cannot be believed.

 Who talked to me yesterday.  that you lost the money.

 Phrase
Phrase is a sequence of two or more words that make up a grammatical construction,

usually lacking a finite verb and hence not a complete clause or sentence:

at midnight/ towards the sea/ a big black dog/ to succeed in the exam/ has been

playing/ extremely happy/ very soon/ the girl/ paying attention/ disturbed by the news/

after lunch/ shady lane/ at the bottom/ very slowly .

 Practice: Underline the phrases used in the following
sentences.
1. The lion is an animal of great 8. An old man lived beside the lake.
strength. 9. The boy stood on the burning deck.
2. A homeless child has to spend 10. He wants to go home.
his days in great misery.
11. Do you enjoy reading this book?
3. He listened to me with great
attention. 12. The wicked vizier loves getting
people into trouble.
4. Do not play with naughty boys.
13. He speaks like a born leader.
5. Calcutta is a city of thick
population. 14. I have forgotten how to play this
game.
6. He is full of courage.
15. He succeeded in the long run.
7. She was wearing a bangle made
of gold.
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