Performance Availability Guarantee

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PARQUE SOLAR PLANETA RICA S.A.S.
PLANETA RICA SOLAR PLANT
ANNEX 8.1
PERFORMANCE &
AVAILABILITY GUARANTEE
Te chn ol og y Tra cke r Ph o to v olt aic Pla nt

P has e E PC Te n d er
Do cu m ent Na m e S_ P L A N_ An n ex 8 .1 – Pe rf or man ce G u ara n te e
Rev is i on Re v A
Dat e 28 /0 4 /2 02 1
CONTENTS
1 INTRODUCTION .........................................................................................................................................3
1.1 PRINCIPLE 3
1.2 DEFINITIONS 3
1.3 REFERENCE DOCUMENTS 6
2 ENERGY AVAILABILITY ..............................................................................................................................7
2.1 DEFINITION 7
2.2 EXCLUSIONS 8
2.3 CALCULATION 8
2.3.1 LOSS CALCULATION – PARTIAL UNAVAILABILITY 9
2.3.2 LOSS CALCULATION – SITUATION OF GLOBAL UNAVAILABILITY 9
2.4 GUARANTEED AVAILABILITY 11
2.4.1 PENALTIES DURING VERIFICATION PERIOD 1 11
2.5 REFERENCE PERFORMANCE RATIO 12
2.5.1 DEFINITION 12
2.5.2 CALCULATION 12
2.5.3 SIMULATION PARAMETERS 13
2.6 WEATHER CORRECTED PERFORMANCE RATIO 16
2.6.1 CALCULATION 16
2.6.2 MEASURED WEATHER FILE FORMAT 17
2.7 MEASURED PERFORMANCE RATIO 18
2.8 SUMMARY OF THE METHODOLOGY 20
2.9 GUARANTEED PERFORMANCE 21
3 PENALTIES AS REMEDIES .........................................................................................................................23
ANNEX: PVSYST SIMULATION PARAMETERS ....................................................................................................24
PV MODULE FILE 24
INVERTER FILE 24
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1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 PRINCIPLE
This annex describes all the calculations and tests that need to be made in order to validate the
performance of the PV Plant, which is determined by its ability to deliver the maximum active electrical
energy from solar energy.
This performance will be calculated through two indicators:
▪ The Energy Availability, 𝑨
▪ The Measured Performance Ratio, 𝑷𝑹𝑴𝒆𝒂𝒔𝒖𝒓𝒆𝒅
1.2 DEFINITIONS
Capitalized terms not defined in this Annex 8.1 shall have the meaning ascribed to them in the
Contract.
Upstream: Direction from the PV Modules to the Point of

Interconnection. For example, inverters are upstream
from PV Modules.
Downstream: Direction from the Point of Interconnection to the PV

Modules. For example, PV Modules are downstream
from inverters.
𝑨: Energy Availability of the PV Plant. 𝑨 corresponds to the

ratio of the PV Plant actual output energy to the PV plant
potential output energy if it were operating without any
system downtime or any unavailability of one of its
components
𝑨𝑽𝑷_𝟏 : Energy Availability during Verification Period 1.
𝑨𝑽𝑷_𝟐 : Energy Availability during Verification Period 2.
𝑨𝒈 : Guaranteed Availability. For a defined test period, the

Contractor commits to ensure an Availability 𝑨 equal or
superior to 𝑨𝒈 .
Disconnection: Interruption of the operation of a device due to device’s

external factors (manual stop, safety, etc.)
Failure: Internal device problem that leads to a complete

interruption of its functionality.
Communication Failure: Internal problem in the communication system of a

device which renders the Contractor SCADA unable to
be aware of its delivered energy and status.
𝑷𝑽𝒎𝒐𝒅𝑫𝒆𝒈𝒓𝒂𝒅𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏: Guaranteed maximum yearly degradation of the PV

modules peak power, in percentage.
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EGrid: Active net energy measured at the Point of Connection

(expressed in kWh) with the grid. This energy is measured by dedicated
power meters. It considers all energy injected by the PV
Plant and consumed by the Grid.
ERef: Total estimated AC energy from the PVsyst simulation

(refer to Annex 2.5), using simulation parameters
(expressed in kWh)
indicated in the Contract and TMY Weather File (refer to
Annex 8.4).
EWeather: Total estimated AC energy from the PVsyst simulation

(expressed in kWh) performed using simulation parameters indicated in the
Contract and Measured Weather File.
𝑬𝑳𝒐𝒔𝒔_𝒊 : Energy losses to the failure “i”.

(expressed in kWh)
𝑬𝑷𝒓𝒐𝒅_𝒊 : Total energy generated during the failure “i”.

(expressed in kWh)
𝑬𝑳𝒐𝒔𝒔_𝑪𝒐𝒏𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒄𝒕𝒐𝒓: Energy losses due to unavailability under Contractor’s

(expressed in kWh) responsibility.
𝑬𝑳𝒐𝒔𝒔_𝑬𝒎𝒑𝒍𝒐𝒚𝒆𝒓 : Energy losses due to unavailability under Employer’s

(expressed in kWh) responsibility.
𝒌𝑳𝒐𝒔𝒔_𝑭𝒂𝒓_𝑺𝒉𝒂𝒅𝒊𝒏𝒈𝒔 : Energy losses coefficient due to far shadings. These are

(expressed in %) due to horizon line (mountains, buildings, trees located
far from the PV Plant) which, for certain times of the day,
generates shadows covering the PV modules and
impacting the production of the PV Plant.
GTI: Global Tilted Irradiation measured in the PV Modules

(expressed in kWh/m²) plan. In case of several PV Modules tilt or orientation, the
GTI will be the average of global irradiation of each
plan, weighted by the nominal installed PV Modules
power of each plan.
GTIRef: Global Tilted Irradiation estimated from the PVsyst

(expressed in kWh/m²) simulation (refer to Annex 2.5), performed by the
Employer using simulation parameters indicated in the
Contract and TMY Weather File (Annex 8.4). Far shadings
are excluded from the calculation of 𝑮𝑻𝑰𝑹𝒆𝒇 .
GTIMeasured: Global Tilted Irradiation measured in the plane of array.

(expressed in kWh/m²) GTIMeasured includes the periods of unavailability of the PV
Plant.
𝜱𝑺𝑻𝑪 : Irradiance at Standard Test Conditions (STC), 1 kW/m2.

(expressed in kW/m²)
PPeak: Total nominal installed peak power of PV Modules. It is

(expressed in kWp) equal to the total number of PV Modules installed,
multiplied by their nominal peak power.
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𝑷𝒖𝒏𝒂𝒗𝒂𝒊𝒍𝒂𝒃𝒍𝒆_𝒊 : Peak power of unavailable devices connected

(expressed in kWp) Downstream from the failure “i”.
Verification Period 1: First year of the Verification Period as defined in the

Contract.
Verification Period 2: Second year of the Verification Period as defined in the

Contract.
Point of Connection: Point of Connection (POC) of the PV plant to the grid, to

be defined on a case by case basis.
𝑷𝑹𝑹𝒆𝒇 𝒐𝒓 𝑹𝒆𝒇𝒆𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒄𝒆 𝑷𝒆𝒓𝒇𝒐𝒓𝒎𝒂𝒏𝒄𝒆 𝑹𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐: is the ratio of the net energy produced by the PV Plant
ERef compared to the net energy that could have been
produced by a “perfect” system.
𝑷𝑹𝑴𝒐𝒏𝒕𝒉_𝑹𝒆𝒇_𝒊 : Reference Performance Ratio of month “i”. The different

values of 𝑷𝑹𝑴𝒐𝒏𝒕𝒉_𝑹𝒆𝒇_𝒊 are detailed in Annex 2.5.
𝑷𝑹𝑾𝒆𝒂𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒓 : Weather Corrected Performance Ratio corresponding

to the ratio of the net energy produced by the PV Plant
EWeather compared to the net energy that could have
been produced by a “perfect” system.
𝑷𝑹𝑴𝒆𝒂𝒔𝒖𝒓𝒆𝒅 : Measured Performance Ratio based on measurement

from on-site pyranometers and Point of Connection
(POC) energy meters.
𝑷𝑹𝑴𝒆𝒂𝒔𝒖𝒓𝒆𝒅_𝑽𝑷𝟏 : Measured Performance Ratio associated to Verification

Period 1.
𝑷𝑹𝑴𝒆𝒂𝒔𝒖𝒓𝒆𝒅_𝑽𝑷𝟐 : Measured Performance Ratio associated to Verification

Period 2.
𝑷𝑹𝑮𝒖𝒂𝒓𝒂𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒆𝒅 : Guaranteed Performance Ratio defined for each

Verification Period. The Contractor commits to ensure a
𝑷𝑹𝑴𝒆𝒂𝒔𝒖𝒓𝒆𝒅, excluding unavailability of the grid and PV
Plant, equal or superior to 𝑷𝑹𝑮𝒖𝒂𝒓𝒂𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒆𝒅 .
𝑷𝑹𝑮𝒖𝒂𝒓𝒂𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒆𝒅_𝑽𝑷𝟏 : Guaranteed Performance Ratio associated to

Verification Period 1.
𝑷𝑹𝑮𝒖𝒂𝒓𝒂𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒆𝒅_𝑽𝑷𝟐 : Guaranteed Performance Ratio associated to

Verification Period 2.
𝑷𝑨_𝑽𝑷𝟏 : Penalties applied to the Contractor if the 𝑨𝑽𝑷𝟏 measured

during the Verification Period 1 is below 𝑨𝑮 , in order to
compensate the Contractor production losses.
𝑷𝑨_𝑽𝑷𝟐 : Penalties applied to the Contractor if the 𝑨𝑽𝑷𝟐 measured

during the Verification Period 2 is below 𝑨𝑮 , in order to
compensate the Contractor production losses.
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𝑷𝑽𝑷𝟏 : Penalties applied to the Contractor if 𝑷𝑹𝑴𝒆𝒂𝒔𝒖𝒓𝒆𝒅_𝑽𝑷𝟏

measured during the Verification period 1 is below
𝑷𝑹𝑮𝒖𝒂𝒓𝒂𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒆𝒅_𝑽𝑷𝟏 , in order to compensate the production
contractor losses.
𝑷: Penalties applied to the Contractor if 𝑷𝑹𝑴𝒆𝒂𝒔𝒖𝒓𝒆𝒅_𝑽𝑷𝟐

measured during the Verification period 2 is below
𝑷𝑹𝑮𝒖𝒂𝒓𝒂𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒆𝒅_𝑽𝑷𝟐 , in order to compensate the production
contractor losses.
1.3 REFERENCE DOCUMENTS
ID Document title
Annex 8.4 Typical Meteorological Weather File
Annex 2.5 Energy Yield Assessment Report (PVsyst version

7.1.7)
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2 ENERGY AVAILABILITY
2.1 DEFINITION
The Energy Availability, named 𝑨, corresponds to the ratio of the PV Plant actual output energy to the
PV plant potential output energy if it were operating without any system downtime or any
unavailability of one of its components.
This Availability includes all types of unavailability under Contractor’s responsibility such as, but not
limited to:
▪ Inverter Failure, Disconnection or Communication Failure (including its potential
external control devices);
▪ Transformer Failure or Disconnection;
▪ DC junction box Failure, Disconnection or Communication Failure;
▪ Failure or Disconnection inside the MV switchgears located in the transformation station
or the MV switchgears located in the MV Substation;
▪ PV string Failure or Disconnection;
▪ Any cable default from the PV panels to the Point of Interconnection (cut,
degradation, isolation default, fusion, etc.) which prevents the normal current
circulation;
▪ Any preventive maintenance intervention that requires Disconnection of the PV Plant
or its devices.
▪ Overhead line from the PV plant and the interconnection equipment at AFINIA
substation.
The energy losses due to these circumstances and any other causes of unavailability other than
exclusions under Employer’s responsibility, are named 𝑬𝑳𝒐𝒔𝒔_𝑪𝒐𝒏𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒄𝒕𝒐𝒓 .
Exclusions listed in paragraph 2.2 describe the types of unavailability that do not fall under
Contractor’s responsibility but under Employer’s responsibility, and are accounted for under the name
𝑬𝑳𝒐𝒔𝒔_𝑬𝒎𝒑𝒍𝒐𝒚𝒆𝒓 .
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2.2 EXCLUSIONS
The following exclusions are not under Contractor responsibility:

▪ An unavailability of the public electrical grid infrastructure
▪ In case of Force Majeure
▪ A default directly attributable to the Employer
▪ The loss of telecommunications line
▪ The impossibility for a conventional light vehicle to access the Site for a reason attributable to
the Employer
▪ Inverter, transformer or MV Switchgear disconnection caused by a third-party or by the
Employer, or because of grid unavailability,
▪ Vandalism or theft to the extent that the provided security system is working properly and has
not been switched off by the Contractor,
▪ Cancellation or suspension of convention between the Employer and grid operator for any
reason not imputable to the Contractor,
Losses due to criteria listed above, named 𝑬𝑳𝒐𝒔𝒔_𝑬𝒎𝒑𝒍𝒐𝒚𝒆𝒓 are losses under Employer’s responsibility.
2.3 CALCULATION
The PV Plant availability A, for a defined period, is calculated as follows:

𝑬𝑮𝒓𝒊𝒅 + ∑ 𝑬𝑳𝒐𝒔𝒔_𝑬𝒎𝒑𝒍𝒐𝒚𝒆𝒓_𝒊
𝑨=
𝑬𝑮𝒓𝒊𝒅 + ∑ 𝑬𝑳𝒐𝒔𝒔_𝑬𝒎𝒑𝒍𝒐𝒚𝒆𝒓_𝒊 + ∑ 𝑬𝑳𝒐𝒔𝒔_𝑪𝒐𝒏𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒄𝒕𝒐𝒓_𝒊
Where:
▪ 𝑨 is the Energy Availability of the PV Plant for the period considered for calculation, expressed
with 4 significant digits (namely 0.9975 which is written 99.75%)
▪ 𝑬𝑳𝒐𝒔𝒔_𝑪𝒐𝒏𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒄𝒕𝒐𝒓_𝒊 is the energy loss due to failure “i” under the Contractor’s responsibility, which
appeared during the period considered for calculation. 𝑬𝑳𝒐𝒔𝒔_𝑪𝒐𝒏𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒄𝒕𝒐𝒓_𝒊 is expressed with 4
significant digits, in kWh
▪ 𝑬𝑳𝒐𝒔𝒔_𝑬𝒎𝒑𝒍𝒐𝒚𝒆𝒓_𝒊 is the energy loss due to failure “i” under the Employer’s responsibility, which
appeared during the period considered for calculation. 𝑬𝑳𝒐𝒔𝒔_𝑬𝒎𝒑𝒍𝒐𝒚𝒆𝒓_𝒊 is expressed with 4
significant digits, in kWh
▪ 𝑬𝑮𝒓𝒊𝒅 is the active net energy produced by the PV Plant, in kWh, during the period considered
for calculation and measured at the Point of Connection with the Grid. It considers all energy
injected by the PV Plant and consumed by the grid
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In order to properly count the Energy Availability, it is considered that:

1) Unavailability starts as soon as the involved device does not fulfill the condition of availability. It
does not start at the notification by the SCADA or any other information available to the
Contractor. Unavailability ends as soon as the involved device fulfills the condition of availability.
2) If several devices are considered unavailable at the same time and have an impact on the same
device connected downstream, then the penalties are applied only for the device which has the
largest PV power capacity connected downstream. For example, the junction box unavailability
is not counted if at the same time the inverter connected upstream is unavailable.
3) If several devices are considered unavailable at the same time but do not impact the same
device connected Downstream, then energy losses are calculated for each unavailability.
The data used for the calculation of the PV Plant availability are the ones in the equipment log or
reported in the intervention log provided by the Contractor.
2.3 .1 L OS S C A LC UL A TI O N – P A R TI A L U N A V AI L ABI LI TY
For each failure leading to a partial unavailability, its corresponding loss is calculated according to
the ratio between total nominal power capacity of the devices connected Downstream from the
unavailable device 𝑷𝒖𝒏𝒂𝒗𝒂𝒊𝒍𝒂𝒃𝒍𝒆_𝒊 and total nominal power capacity of the PV Plant 𝑷𝑷𝒆𝒂𝒌 .
The corresponding energy losses 𝑬𝑳𝒐𝒔𝒔_𝒊 , either due to Contractor’s or Employer’s responsibility, are
counted only during the time of unavailability of the device and are calculated as follows:
𝑷𝒖𝒏𝒂𝒗𝒂𝒊𝒍𝒂𝒃𝒍𝒆_𝒊
𝑬𝑳𝒐𝒔𝒔_𝒊 = × 𝑬𝑷𝒓𝒐𝒅_𝒊
𝑷𝑷𝒆𝒂𝒌 − 𝑷𝒖𝒏𝒂𝒗𝒂𝒊𝒍𝒂𝒃𝒍𝒆_𝒊
Where:
▪ 𝑬𝑳𝒐𝒔𝒔_𝒊 corresponds to energy losses due to the failure “i”, in kWh
▪ 𝑷𝒖𝒏𝒂𝒗𝒂𝒊𝒍𝒂𝒃𝒍𝒆_𝒊 is the peak power of unavailable devices connected Downstream from the failure
“i”, in kWp
▪ 𝑷𝑷𝒆𝒂𝒌 is the total nominal power capacity of the PV Plant, in kWp
▪ 𝑬𝑷𝒓𝒐𝒅_𝒊 is the total energy generated during the failure “i”, in kWh
For example, in a plant containing 9 MWp of PV modules connected with 9 inverters (each inverter
connects 1MWp of PV panels), if two inverters are not available and during this unavailability 3,5 MWh
have been delivered to the Point of Connection with the available inverters, then the energy loss
corresponding to this unavailability is:
2
𝑬𝑳𝒐𝒔𝒔_𝒊 = × 3,5
9−2
2
𝑬𝑳𝒐𝒔𝒔_𝒊 = × 3,5
7
𝑬𝑳𝒐𝒔𝒔_𝒊 = 1,0 MWh
2.3 .2 L OS S C A LC UL A TI O N – SI T U A TI O N O F G L OB A L U N A V AI L ABI LI T Y
For each failure leading to a global unavailability, the corresponding energy losses 𝑬𝑳𝒐𝒔𝒔_𝒊 are
calculated on the basis of the monthly reference performance 𝑷𝑹𝑴𝒐𝒏𝒕𝒉_𝑹𝒆𝒇_𝒊 of the PV Plant, as defined
in the PVSyst simulation report in Annex 2.5 and indicated in Table 1 below
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The corresponding energy losses 𝑬𝑳𝒐𝒔𝒔_𝒊 are counted only during the time of unavailability of the device
and are calculated as follows:
𝑬𝑳𝒐𝒔𝒔_𝒊 = 𝑷𝑷𝒆𝒂𝒌 × 𝑮𝑻𝑰 × 𝑷𝑹𝑴𝒐𝒏𝒕𝒉_𝑹𝒆𝒇_𝒊
Where:
▪ 𝑬𝑳𝒐𝒔𝒔_𝒊 is the energy loss observed during failure “I”, in kWh
▪ 𝑷𝑷𝒆𝒂𝒌 is the sum of peak power from all PV modules nameplate, in kWp
▪ 𝑮𝑻𝑰 is the total measured solar energy during the period of unavailability in the plane of array, in
kWh/m2
▪ 𝑷𝑹𝑴𝒐𝒏𝒕𝒉_𝑹𝒆𝒇_𝒊 is the Reference Performance Ratio of the month during which the unavailability
occurs. The different values of 𝑷𝑹𝑴𝒐𝒏𝒕𝒉_𝑹𝒆𝒇_𝒊 are detailed in Annex 2.5, and given in the following
table:
Theoretical Specific
Month 𝐏𝐑 𝐌𝐨𝐧𝐭𝐡_𝐑𝐞𝐟 Energy based on TMY
(annex 8.4)
JANUARY 82,8% 156,1 kWh/kWp
FEBRUARY 82,4% 144,0 kWh/kWp
MARCH 82,0% 150,7 kWh/kWp
APRIL 82,3% 145,2 kWh/kWp
MAY 82,4% 157,4 kWh/kWp
JUNE 83,1% 157,5 kWh/kWp
JULY 83,1% 170,8 kWh/kWp
AUGUST 82,5% 172,2 kWh/kWp
SEPTEMBER 81,2% 155,8 kWh/kWp
OCTOBER 83,0% 152,5 kWh/kWp
NOVEMBER 83,8% 140,4 kWh/kWp
DECEMBER 83,9% 145,1 kWh/kWp
YEARLY 82,71 % 1847,8 kWh/kWp
Table 1 – Monthly PR
Remark : In case of unavailability of Global Tilted Irradiation (GTI) data, because of a SCADA
unavailability or pyranometers failure, the Contractor shall suggest a replacement method for the
missing data, on the basis of realistic assumptions which will be detailed (extrapolation, using data
from a nearby weather station or from satellite weather systems).
* This value is adjusted by a factor of -0.31 % due to the influence of the topography in the simulation
(not considered due to PVsyst limitations).
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2.4 GUARANTEED AVAIL ABILITY
For a defined test period, the Contractor commits to ensure an Availability 𝑨 equal or superior to a
Guaranteed Availability 𝑨𝒈 .
For this project:
𝑨𝒈 = 𝟗𝟖. 𝟓𝟎%
2.4 .1 PE N AL TIE S D U RI N G V E RI FIC A TI O N PE RI OD 1
If 𝑨𝑽𝑷_𝟏 , during the Verification period 1, is below 𝑨𝒈 then penalties shall be paid by the Contractor in
order to compensate the production losses.
These penalties are calculated as follows:
(𝑨𝒈 − 𝑨𝑽𝑷_𝟏 )
𝑷 𝑨_𝑽𝑷𝟏 = × 𝒄𝟏
𝑨𝒈
Where:
▪ 𝒄𝟏 is the coefficient for Verification Period 1 and is equal to 9,205 MCOP
▪ 𝑨𝒈 is the Guaranteed Availability
▪ 𝑨𝑽𝑷_𝟏 is the Availability of the PV Plant during Verification Period 1
▪ 𝑷𝑨_𝑽𝑷𝟏 is the penalties payable by the Contractor to compensate the production losses during
Verification Period 1
For verification period 2, two types of unavailabilities are accounted separately:

▪ Unavailabilities due to regular preventive maintenance activities and one-time defaults (special
events linked to a specific set of conditions, with no or low chances to happen again in the
following years), 𝑈𝑆𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝐸𝑣𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠 . These defaults only impact the plant during verification period 2.
These defaults include:
- Isolated manufacturing defects
- Error of protection setting (if corrected with visible effect)
▪ Unavailabilities due to intrinsic defaults coming from error of design or component repeated
default 𝑈𝐼𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑐 𝐷𝑒𝑓𝑎𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑠 . These defaults impact the plant for all its remaining life. These defaults
include:
- Equipment serial defects
- Incorrect sizing of equipment or protection
By default, any unavailability happening during Verification Period 2 will be considered as Intrinsic
Defaults, accounted under 𝑈𝐼𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑐 𝐷𝑒𝑓𝑎𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑠 .
The Contractor will have to demonstrate that a given default will not impact the plant after
Verification Period 2 for this default to be considered as a Special Event, accounted under
𝑈𝑆𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝐸𝑣𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠 .
The availability for Verification Period 2 can then be defined as:
𝑨𝑽𝑷_𝟐 = 𝟏 − 𝑈𝑆𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝐸𝑣𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠 − 𝑈𝐼𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑐 𝐷𝑒𝑓𝑎𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑠
If 𝑨𝑽𝑷_𝟐 , during the Verification period 2, is below 𝑨𝒈 then penalties shall be paid by the Contractor in
order to compensate for the production losses for Verification Period 2.
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(𝑨𝒈 − 𝑨𝑽𝑷𝟐 ) 𝑈𝑆𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝐸𝑣𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠
𝑷𝑨𝑽𝑷𝟐 −𝟏 = × × 𝒄𝟐−𝟏
𝑨𝒈 𝑈𝑆𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝐸𝑣𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠 + 𝑈𝐼𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑐 𝐷𝑒𝑓𝑎𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑠
(𝑨𝒈 − 𝑨𝑽𝑷𝟐 ) 𝑈𝐼𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑐 𝐷𝑒𝑓𝑎𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑠
𝑷𝑨𝑽𝑷𝟐 −𝟐 = × × 𝒄𝟐−𝟐
𝑨𝒈 𝑈𝑆𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝐸𝑣𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠 + 𝑈𝐼𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑐 𝐷𝑒𝑓𝑎𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑠
Where:
▪ 𝑨𝒈 is the Guaranteed Availability
▪ 𝑨𝑽𝑷_𝟐 is the Availability of the PV Plant during Verification Period 2
▪ 𝑷𝑨𝑽𝑷𝟐 −𝟏 is the penalties payable by the Contractor to compensate the production losses due to
Special Events
▪ 𝑷𝑨𝑽𝑷𝟐 −𝟐 is the penalties payable by the Contractor to compensate the production losses due to
Intrinsic Defaults
▪ 𝒄𝟐−𝟏 is the coefficient for Verification Period 2 Special Events and is equal to 9,205 MCOP
▪ 𝒄𝟐−𝟐 is the coefficient for Verification Period 2 Intrinsic Defaults and is equal to 97,258
MCOP,
2.5 REFERENCE PERFORMANCE RATIO
2.5 .1 DE FI NI TI O N
The Performance Ratio, named PR, as defined in IEC 61724 standard, indicates the overall effect of
losses on the array rated output, due to array temperature, incomplete utilization of the incident
irradiation, and system component inefficiencies or Failures.
The performance of the PV plant is initially assessed through simulation, in order to define a Reference
Performance Ratio. This simulation is based on historical meteorological data.
To limit the bias error correlated to actual weather conditions, the Reference Performance Ratio is
recalculated to adjust to the actual measured weather. A new simulation following the same model
is carried out with on-site weather conditions measurements, to define a Weather Corrected
Performance Ratio.
Based on on-site energy production and weather conditions, a Measured Performance Ratio is
calculated, and compared to the Weather Corrected Performance Ratio.
2.5 .2 C A LC U L A TIO N
The Reference Performance Ratio 𝑷𝑹𝑹𝒆𝒇 as defined in Annex 2.5 corresponds to the ratio of the net
energy produced compared to the net energy that could have been produced by a “perfect”
system. Such PR includes all PV Plant losses: far and near shadings, PV conversion, module quality,
dust, inverter and transformer efficiencies, cable losses, auxiliaries, etc.
Disclaimer: The PVSYST simulation described in Annex 2.5 “Reference PR PVsyst simulation report” does
not consider possible irradiance losses due to Near Shadings originated by trees, either inside AKUO
property or outside on third party properties. The Employer will guarantee that the areas that may
have a negative impact on the Yield of the PV Plant will be identified, removing the corresponding
trees. In the event of the Employer not being able to act due to external factors, both Parties agree
to revise the PVsyst simulation to take into consideration such impact in the Performance Guarantees
calculation.
𝑷𝑹𝑹𝒆𝒇 is based on a simulation from PVsyst software (version 7.1). The simulation is based on historical
weather data, the Typical Meteorological Year (TMY) Weather File provided in Annex 8.4. This file
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contains hourly time series of horizontal and plane of array irradiances, ambient temperature and
wind speed. The simulation parameters are listed in section 2.5.3.
The unavailability of the PV Plant as well as grid unavailability are excluded from the 𝑷𝑹𝑹𝒆𝒇
calculations.
This 𝑷𝑹𝑹𝒆𝒇 is calculated as follows:
𝑬𝑹𝒆𝒇
𝑷𝑹𝑹𝒆𝒇 =
𝑮𝑻𝑰𝑹𝒆𝒇
𝑷𝑷𝒆𝒂𝒌 ×
𝜱𝑺𝑻𝑪
Where:
▪ 𝑬𝑹𝒆𝒇 is the total estimated AC energy from the PVSyst simulation performed internally, using
simulation parameters indicated in the Contract and TMY Weather File, in kWh (excluding
unavailability)
▪ 𝑮𝑻𝑰𝑹𝒆𝒇 is the Global Tilted Irradiation estimated from the PVSyst simulation performed internally,
using simulation parameters indicated in the Contract and TMY Weather File, in kWh/m 2. Far
shadings are excluded from the calculation of 𝑮𝑻𝑰𝑹𝒆𝒇 .
▪ 𝜱𝑺𝑻𝑪 is the irradiance at Standard Test Conditions (STC), 1 kW/m2
For this project:

𝑷𝑹𝑹𝒆𝒇 = 𝟖𝟐, 𝟒𝟎%
Note: This value is adjusted by a factor of -0.31 % due to the influence of the topography in the
simulation (not considered due to PVsyst limitations).
2.5 .3 SI M U L AT IO N P A R A ME TE R S
This section describes the parameters of the PVsyst simulation which are used to calculate 𝑷𝑹𝑹𝒆𝒇 based
on TMY Weather File. The simulation is carried out with the version 7.1 of PVsyst software.
If the simulation needs to be performed again in the future, the exact same version of PVsyst software
shall be used, unless both Stakeholders agree on another solution according to each specific project.
The result report of the simulation is provided in Annex 2.5 “Energy Yield Assessment”.
The simulation parameters related to PV modules and inverters are detailed in Annex 1 at the end of
this Document.
2.5 .4 M ODE LI N G P A R A ME T E R S
All parameters for which no value is entered are considered to be in their default state or default
value.
# GENERAL PARAMETERS
PVSYST VERSION 7.1.7
# PROJECT SETTINGS
## ALBEDO
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ALBEDO 0.20
## DESIGN CONDITIONS
Lower operating T° for Absolute Voltage limit NA
Winter operating T° for VmppMax design NA
Usual operating T° under 1000 W/m NA
Summer operating T° for VmppMin design NA
# ORIENTATION
FIELD TYPE Tracker with 3D scene
Phi min/max -/+ 60.0°
Azimuth 0°
Nb. of sheds 417
Pitch 10,7 m
Coll. Band width 4,53 m
Top inactive band NA
Bottom inactive band NA
Electrical effect NO
# SYSTEM
## SUB ARRAY #1
PV module Suntech STP535S-C72
Inverter Power Electronics FS3670K_690V
Nb. of inverters 6
Mod. in series 30
Nbre strings 1 656
# DETAILED LOSSES
## THERMAL PARAMETERS
Default value acc. To mounting YES
Constant loss factor Uc 29.0 W/m²K
Wind loss factor Uv 0.0 W/m²K/m/s
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## OHMIC LOSSES
DC Circuit : Global wiring resistance loss 2.0% at STC

fraction at STC
AC Circuit Inverter output line to MV transfo: 0.12%

Loss fraction at STC
AC Circuit MV line up to HV transfo: Loss 3.35%

fraction at STC
MV transformer : Nominal Power 6 x 3 800 kVA
MV transformer : iron losses 4.2 kVA (0,1% of PNom)
MV transformer : copper losses 38.0 kVA (1.0% of PNom)
HV transformer : Nominal Power 25 000 kVA
HV transformer : iron losses 21.0 kVA (0.1% of PNom)
HV transformer : copper losses 120.0 kVA (0,5% of PNom)
## MODULE QUALITY LID
Module efficiency loss -0,8%
LID loss factor -2.0 %
Modules mismatch losses : power loss at MPP 1.0%
String voltage mismatch : power loss at MPP 0.2%
## SOILING LOSS
Yearly loss factor -2%
## IAM LOSSES
IAM Custom
0° 30° 50° 60° 70° 75° 80° 85° 90°
1.000 1.000 1.000 0.981 0.946 0.920 0.857 0.707 0
## AUXILIARIES
Continuous auxiliary loss NA
…from inverter output threshold NA
Proportionnal to the inverter output power NA
…from inverter output threshold NA
Night loss NA
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# HORIZON
Horizon defined Yes, average Height 2,4°
# NEAR SHADING
Near shading defined As per shading scene
# MISCELLANEOUS
## INVERTER TEMPERATURE
Type Outdoor
## POWER FACTOR
Use power factor for grid injection NA
PF 0.8
Define monthly values No
Inverter PNom defined as NA
## GRID POWER LIMITATION
Uses grid power limitation No
Grid power limitation NA
Limit applied at NA
Specified PF NA
2.6 WEATHER CORRECTED PERFORMANCE RATIO
2.6 .1 C A LC U L A TIO N
In order to properly account for the actual weather conditions observed during the period of interest
for performance tests during the Verification Periods, which might impact positively or negatively the
apparent performance of the Plant, the 𝑷𝑹𝑹𝒆𝒇 needs to be adjusted. This includes an adjustment to
the Soiling Factor, which will be measured throughout the year with the Weather Station.
A new simulation is thus performed at the end of each Verification Period to determine the Weather
Corrected Performance Ratio 𝑷𝑹𝑾𝒆𝒂𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒓 , using the exact same model as for 𝑷𝑹𝑹𝒆𝒇 calculation.
The parameters are listed in section 2.5.2, but the previous weather input consisting of TMY Weather
File is replaced with the Measured Weather file, which contains data from on-site measurements.
This 𝑷𝑹𝑾𝒆𝒂𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒓 is calculated as follows:
𝑬𝑾𝒆𝒂𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒓
𝑷𝑹𝑾𝒆𝒂𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒓 =
𝑮𝑻𝑰𝑴𝒆𝒂𝒔𝒖𝒓𝒆𝒅
𝑷𝑷𝒆𝒂𝒌 × × (𝟏 − 𝒌𝑳𝒐𝒔𝒔_𝑭𝒂𝒓_𝑺𝒉𝒂𝒅𝒊𝒏𝒈𝒔 )
𝜱𝑺𝑻𝑪
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Where:
▪ 𝑬𝑾𝒆𝒂𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒓 is the total estimated AC energy from the PVsyst simulation performed internally, using
simulation parameters indicated in the Contract and Measured Weather File, in kWh (excluding
unavailability)
▪ 𝑮𝑻𝑰𝑴𝒆𝒂𝒔𝒖𝒓𝒆𝒅 is the total measured solar energy in the plane of array, in kWh/m2. 𝑮𝑻𝑰𝑴𝒆𝒂𝒔𝒖𝒓𝒆𝒅 includes
all periods of unavailability of the PV Plant.
▪ 𝒌𝑳𝒐𝒔𝒔_𝑭𝒂𝒓_𝑺𝒉𝒂𝒅𝒊𝒏𝒈𝒔 is energy losses coefficient due to far shadings, in %. For this project, 𝒌𝑳𝒐𝒔𝒔_𝑭𝒂𝒓_𝑺𝒉𝒂𝒅𝒊𝒏𝒈𝒔
is equal to 0,85%
The 𝑷𝑹𝑾𝒆𝒂𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒓 calculation excludes all unavailability of the PV plant and the Grid.
2.6 .2 ME A S U RE D WE A THE R FI LE F O R MA T
The Measured Weather file, which is used in the simulation for 𝑷𝑹𝑾𝒆𝒂𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒓 calculation, will consist in hourly
averages.
Measured data will come from a subset of installed plant instrumentation identified in the Contracts
and shall include the following:
▪ Horizontal pyranometers to determine global horizontal irradiance, in W/m²
▪ Inclined pyranometers in the Plane of Array (POA) to determine POA irradiance in W/m²
▪ Thermometer to determine the ambient temperature, in °C
Collected data will be reviewed for accuracy and will be reduced to hourly averages for the
calculations. If there are redundant instruments, then the average of all redundant instruments will be
used in the calculations.
Some missing or invalid data may occur (in case of defaulting instruments). These data will be treated
as indicated in the following sections. However, since the PV Plant will be equipped with redundant
instruments, the risk for missing measurements is particularly low.
2.6 .2 .1 IDE NT IFI C AT IO N O F I N V A LID O R MI SS I N G DA T A

In order to identify invalid data, physically consistent minimum and maximum limits will be applied for
each measured parameter, besides a physically reasonable limit will be applied on the rates of
change of these parameters. Statistical tests may be realized to identify inconsistent values. In case a
measuring instrument happens to be stuck at the same value for an excessive period, an intervention
will be performed to correct this failure. Timestamp will be checked to determine missing data or
potential duplicates. The monitoring of the PV Plant availability will enable the identification of failures
and determination of missing or invalid data.
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Example for the identification of erroneous data
2.6 .2 .2 T RE A TME N T O F I N V AL I D OR MI S SI N G D AT A
Invalid or missing data will be treated as follows:
- They can be replaced by estimations from valid data recorded before or after the invalid or
missing data occurred
- They can be replaced by average values corresponding to the same period of interest
- The time interval corresponding to the invalid or missing data may be assessed as invalid and
removed from the analysis
The Measured Weather file data will be presented in the following format:
HEADER YEAR MONTH DAY HOUR GHI Tamb
FORMAT/UNIT 0000 00 00 0 Wh/m² °C
2018 01 01 8 1232 26
EXAMPLE 2018 01 01 9 1198 27
… … … … … …
The data will be saved as a Comma Separated Value (CSV) file.
2.7 MEASURED PERFORMANCE RATIO
The Measured Performance Ratio 𝑷𝑹𝑴𝒆𝒂𝒔𝒖𝒓𝒆𝒅 is based on measurement from on-site pyranometers and
Point of Connection (POC) energy meter.
The unavailability of the PV Plant as well as grid unavailability are included in the 𝑷𝑹𝑴𝒆𝒂𝒔𝒖𝒓𝒆𝒅
calculations.
This 𝑷𝑹𝑴𝒆𝒂𝒔𝒖𝒓𝒆𝒅 is calculated as follows:
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𝑬𝑮𝒓𝒊𝒅 + 𝑬𝑳𝒐𝒔𝒔_𝑪𝒐𝒏𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒄𝒕𝒐𝒓 + 𝑬𝑳𝒐𝒔𝒔_𝑬𝒎𝒑𝒍𝒐𝒚𝒆𝒓

𝑷𝑹𝑴𝒆𝒂𝒔𝒖𝒓𝒆𝒅 =
𝑮𝑻𝑰𝑴𝒆𝒂𝒔𝒖𝒓𝒆𝒅
𝑷𝒑𝒆𝒂𝒌 × × (𝟏 − 𝒌𝑳𝒐𝒔𝒔_𝑭𝒂𝒓_𝑺𝒉𝒂𝒅𝒊𝒏𝒈𝒔 )
𝜱𝑺𝑻𝑪
Where:
▪ 𝑬𝑮𝒓𝒊𝒅 is the active net energy produced by the PV Plant, in kWh, during the period considered
for calculation and measured at the Point of Connection with the Grid;
▪ 𝑬𝑳𝒐𝒔𝒔_𝑪𝒐𝒏𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒄𝒕𝒐𝒓 is the energy losses due to unavailability under Contractor’s responsibility;
▪ 𝑬𝑳𝒐𝒔𝒔_𝑬𝒎𝒑𝒍𝒐𝒚𝒆𝒓 is the energy losses due to unavailability under Employer’s responsibility;
▪ 𝑮𝑻𝑰𝑴𝒆𝒂𝒔𝒖𝒓𝒆𝒅 is the total measured solar energy in the plane of array, in kWh/m 2, including
periods where the grid and the PV Plant are unavailable
▪ 𝒌𝑳𝒐𝒔𝒔_𝑭𝒂𝒓_𝑺𝒉𝒂𝒅𝒊𝒏𝒈𝒔 is energy losses coefficient due to far shadings, in %. For this project, 𝒌𝑳𝒐𝒔𝒔_𝑭𝒂𝒓_𝑺𝒉𝒂𝒅𝒊𝒏𝒈𝒔
is equal to 0.85%
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2.8 SUMMARY OF THE METHODOLOGY
Step 1:
Determination of Reference Performance Ratio 𝑃𝑅𝑅𝑒𝑓
HISTORICAL/TMY PV Plant
weather data parameters
Simulation model
Reference Performance
Ratio 𝑷𝑹𝑹𝒆𝒇
Step 2:
Determination of Weather Corrected Performance Ratio 𝑃𝑅𝑊𝑒𝑎𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟
MEASURED PV Plant
weather data parameters
Identical simulation model
Weather Corrected
Performance Ratio
𝑷𝑹𝑾𝒆𝒂𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒓
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Step 3:
Determination of Measured Performance Ratio 𝑃𝑅𝑀𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒𝑑
Measurements taken on PV Plant
Measured
Performance Ratio
𝑷𝑹𝑴𝒆𝒂𝒔𝒖𝒓𝒆𝒅
Figure 1 above: Diagram representing the modelling and calculation procedure of Reference,
Weather Corrected and Measured Performance Ratios using historical and measured weather
data
The Measured Performance Ratio is then compared to the Weather Corrected Performance Ratio.
Although the Reference Performance Ratio is not used for the comparison of simulated and measured
performances, this index remains a good reference point of the expected Performance Ratio of the
PV Plant.
2.9 GUARANTEED PERFORMANCE
The Contractor commits to ensure a 𝑷𝑹𝑴𝒆𝒂𝒔𝒖𝒓𝒆𝒅 , excluding unavailability of the Grid and PV Plant,
equal or superior to a Guaranteed Performance Ratio called 𝑷𝑹𝑮𝒖𝒂𝒓𝒂𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒆𝒅 , defined for each
Verification Period. Performance is deemed acceptable if the following formula is verified:
𝑷𝑹𝑴𝒆𝒂𝒔𝒖𝒓𝒆𝒅 ≥ 𝑷𝑹𝑮𝒖𝒂𝒓𝒂𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒆𝒅
with
𝑷𝑹𝑮𝒖𝒂𝒓𝒂𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒆𝒅 = 𝑪𝒐𝒏𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒄𝒕_𝑻𝒐𝒍𝒆𝒓𝒂𝒏𝒄𝒆 × 𝑷𝑹𝑾𝒆𝒂𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒓
Where:
▪ 𝑪𝒐𝒏𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒄𝒕_𝑻𝒐𝒍𝒆𝒓𝒂𝒏𝒄𝒆 is set at 98%, assuming:
- Accuracy of active power measurement
- Accuracy of combined pyranometers irradiance measurement
- Modelling inaccuracies
For verification period VP1 and VP2, 𝑷𝑹𝑮𝒖𝒂𝒓𝒂𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒆𝒅 is corrected by a coefficient 𝑷𝑽𝒎𝒐𝒅𝑫𝒆𝒈𝒓𝒂𝒅𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏
representing the guaranteed maximum yearly degradation of the PV modules peak power.
𝑷𝑽𝒎𝒐𝒅𝑫𝒆𝒈𝒓𝒂𝒅𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 = 𝟎, 𝟓%/𝒚𝒆𝒂𝒓
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𝑷𝑹𝑮𝒖𝒂𝒓𝒂𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒆𝒅_𝑽𝑷𝟏 is defined as the PR simulated using the simulation parameters indicated in section
2.5.3 and the weather measured during Verification Period 1, taking into account the PV module
guaranteed performance degradation.
𝑷𝑹𝑮𝒖𝒂𝒓𝒂𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒆𝒅_𝑽𝑷𝟏 = 𝑪𝒐𝒏𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒄𝒕_𝑻𝒐𝒍𝒆𝒓𝒂𝒏𝒄𝒆 × 𝑷𝑹𝑾𝒆𝒂𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒓 (𝑾𝒆𝒂𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒓𝑽𝑷𝟏 )
Where :
▪ 𝑷𝑹𝑾𝒆𝒂𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒓 (𝑾𝒆𝒂𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒓𝑽𝑷𝟏 ) is the Weather Corrected Performance Ratio calculated with the
simulation parameters defined in section 2.5.3 and the Measured Weather data from verification
period 1
If the 𝑷𝑹𝑴𝒆𝒂𝒔𝒖𝒓𝒆_𝑽𝑷𝟏 measured during the Verification Period 1 is below the 𝑷𝑹𝑮𝒖𝒂𝒓𝒂𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒆𝒅_𝑽𝑷𝟏 , then
penalties shall be paid by the Contractor to compensate the production contractor losses.
𝑷𝑹𝑮𝒖𝒂𝒓𝒂𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒆𝒅_𝑽𝑷𝟏 − 𝑷𝑹𝑴𝒆𝒂𝒔𝒖𝒓𝒆𝒅_𝑽𝑷𝟏
𝑷𝑽𝑷𝟏 = × 𝒄𝟏
𝑷𝑹𝑮𝒖𝒂𝒓𝒂𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒆𝒅_𝑽𝑷𝟏
Where 𝒄𝟏 is the coefficient for Verification Period 1 and is equal to 9,205 MCOP.
𝑷𝑹𝑮𝒖𝒂𝒓𝒂𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒆𝒅_𝑽𝑷𝟐 is defined as the PR simulated using the simulation parameters indicated in section
2.5.3 and the weather measured during Verification Period 2, taking into account PV module
guaranteed performance degradation. 𝑷𝑹𝑮𝒖𝒂𝒓𝒂𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒆𝒅_𝑽𝑷𝟐 is calculated as follows:
𝑷𝑹𝑮𝒖𝒂𝒓𝒂𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒆𝒅_𝑽𝑷𝟐 = 𝑪𝒐𝒏𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒄𝒕_𝑻𝒐𝒍𝒆𝒓𝒂𝒏𝒄𝒆 × 𝑷𝑹𝑾𝒆𝒂𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒓 (𝑾𝒆𝒂𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒓𝑽𝑷𝟐 ) × (𝟏 − 𝑷𝑽𝒎𝒐𝒅𝑫𝒆𝒈𝒓𝒂𝒅𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏)
Where :
▪ 𝑷𝑹𝑾𝒆𝒂𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒓 (𝑾𝒆𝒂𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒓𝑽𝑷𝟐 ) is the Weather Corrected Performance Ratio calculated with the
simulation parameters defined in section 2.5.3 and the Measured Weather data from verification
period 2
If the 𝑷𝑹𝑴𝒆𝒂𝒔𝒖𝒓𝒆_𝑽𝑷𝟐 measured during the Verification Period 2 is below the 𝑷𝑹𝑮𝒖𝒂𝒓𝒂𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒆𝒅_𝑽𝑷𝟐 , then
penalties will be applied to the Contractor to compensate the production losses.
𝑷𝑹𝑮𝒖𝒂𝒓𝒂𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒆𝒅_𝑽𝑷𝟐 − 𝑷𝑹𝑴𝒆𝒂𝒔𝒖𝒓𝒆𝒅
𝑷𝑽𝑷𝟐 = × 𝒄𝟐
𝑷𝑹𝑮𝒖𝒂𝒓𝒂𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒆𝒅_𝑽𝑷𝟐
Where 𝒄𝟐 is the coefficient for Verification Period 2 and is equal to 97,258 MCOP.
22/28
3 PENALTIES AS REMEDIES
The Parties acknowledge and agree that it is difficult or impossible to determine with precision the
amount of damages that would or might be incurred by Employer as a result of the failure of the PV
Plant to achieve the guaranteed availability and/or performance levels for the PV Plant. It is
understood and agreed by the Parties that (i) the Employer suffers a damage by failure of the PV Plant
to achieve the guaranteed availability and/or performance levels, (ii) it would be impracticable or
extremely difficult to accurately determine the actual damages resulting therefrom, (iii) any penalties
which should become payable under paragraphs 2.4.1, 3.6.1 and 3.6.2 of this Annex 8.1 are fair and
reasonable, and (iv) each payment represents a reasonable estimate of fair compensation for the
losses that may reasonably be anticipated from each such failure.
23/28
ANNEX: PVSYST SIMULATION PARAMETERS
This section describes PV modules and inverters settings for PVsyst simulations.
PV MODULE FILE
24/28
25/28
26/28
INVERTER FILE
27/28
28/28

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PARQUE SOLAR PLANETA RICA S.A.S.

PLANETA RICA SOLAR PLANT

Te chn ol og y Tra cke r Ph o to v olt aic Pla nt

Upstream: Direction from the PV Modules to the Point of

Downstream: Direction from the Point of Interconnection to the PV

𝑨: Energy Availability of the PV Plant. 𝑨 corresponds to the

𝑨𝑽𝑷_𝟏 : Energy Availability during Verification Period 1.

𝑨𝑽𝑷_𝟐 : Energy Availability during Verification Period 2.

𝑨𝒈 : Guaranteed Availability. For a defined test period, the

Disconnection: Interruption of the operation of a device due to device’s

Failure: Internal device problem that leads to a complete

Communication Failure: Internal problem in the communication system of a

𝑷𝑽𝒎𝒐𝒅𝑫𝒆𝒈𝒓𝒂𝒅𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏: Guaranteed maximum yearly degradation of the PV

EGrid: Active net energy measured at the Point of Connection

ERef: Total estimated AC energy from the PVsyst simulation

EWeather: Total estimated AC energy from the PVsyst simulation

𝑬𝑳𝒐𝒔𝒔_𝒊 : Energy losses to the failure “i”.

𝑬𝑷𝒓𝒐𝒅_𝒊 : Total energy generated during the failure “i”.

𝑬𝑳𝒐𝒔𝒔_𝑪𝒐𝒏𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒄𝒕𝒐𝒓: Energy losses due to unavailability under Contractor’s

𝑬𝑳𝒐𝒔𝒔_𝑬𝒎𝒑𝒍𝒐𝒚𝒆𝒓 : Energy losses due to unavailability under Employer’s

𝒌𝑳𝒐𝒔𝒔_𝑭𝒂𝒓_𝑺𝒉𝒂𝒅𝒊𝒏𝒈𝒔 : Energy losses coefficient due to far shadings. These are

GTI: Global Tilted Irradiation measured in the PV Modules

GTIRef: Global Tilted Irradiation estimated from the PVsyst

GTIMeasured: Global Tilted Irradiation measured in the plane of array.

𝜱𝑺𝑻𝑪 : Irradiance at Standard Test Conditions (STC), 1 kW/m2.

PPeak: Total nominal installed peak power of PV Modules. It is

𝑷𝒖𝒏𝒂𝒗𝒂𝒊𝒍𝒂𝒃𝒍𝒆_𝒊 : Peak power of unavailable devices connected

Verification Period 1: First year of the Verification Period as defined in the

Verification Period 2: Second year of the Verification Period as defined in the

Point of Connection: Point of Connection (POC) of the PV plant to the grid, to

𝑷𝑹𝑴𝒐𝒏𝒕𝒉_𝑹𝒆𝒇_𝒊 : Reference Performance Ratio of month “i”. The different

𝑷𝑹𝑾𝒆𝒂𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒓 : Weather Corrected Performance Ratio corresponding

𝑷𝑹𝑴𝒆𝒂𝒔𝒖𝒓𝒆𝒅 : Measured Performance Ratio based on measurement

𝑷𝑹𝑴𝒆𝒂𝒔𝒖𝒓𝒆𝒅_𝑽𝑷𝟏 : Measured Performance Ratio associated to Verification

𝑷𝑹𝑴𝒆𝒂𝒔𝒖𝒓𝒆𝒅_𝑽𝑷𝟐 : Measured Performance Ratio associated to Verification

𝑷𝑹𝑮𝒖𝒂𝒓𝒂𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒆𝒅 : Guaranteed Performance Ratio defined for each

𝑷𝑹𝑮𝒖𝒂𝒓𝒂𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒆𝒅_𝑽𝑷𝟏 : Guaranteed Performance Ratio associated to

𝑷𝑹𝑮𝒖𝒂𝒓𝒂𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒆𝒅_𝑽𝑷𝟐 : Guaranteed Performance Ratio associated to

𝑷𝑨_𝑽𝑷𝟏 : Penalties applied to the Contractor if the 𝑨𝑽𝑷𝟏 measured

𝑷𝑨_𝑽𝑷𝟐 : Penalties applied to the Contractor if the 𝑨𝑽𝑷𝟐 measured

𝑷𝑽𝑷𝟏 : Penalties applied to the Contractor if 𝑷𝑹𝑴𝒆𝒂𝒔𝒖𝒓𝒆𝒅_𝑽𝑷𝟏

𝑷: Penalties applied to the Contractor if 𝑷𝑹𝑴𝒆𝒂𝒔𝒖𝒓𝒆𝒅_𝑽𝑷𝟐

1.3 REFERENCE DOCUMENTS

Annex 8.4 Typical Meteorological Weather File

Annex 2.5 Energy Yield Assessment Report (PVsyst version

The following exclusions are not under Contractor responsibility:

The PV Plant availability A, for a defined period, is calculated as follows:

In order to properly count the Energy Availability, it is considered that:

𝑬𝑳𝒐𝒔𝒔_𝒊 = 𝑷𝑷𝒆𝒂𝒌 × 𝑮𝑻𝑰 × 𝑷𝑹𝑴𝒐𝒏𝒕𝒉_𝑹𝒆𝒇_𝒊

JANUARY 82,8% 156,1 kWh/kWp

FEBRUARY 82,4% 144,0 kWh/kWp

MARCH 82,0% 150,7 kWh/kWp

APRIL 82,3% 145,2 kWh/kWp

MAY 82,4% 157,4 kWh/kWp

JUNE 83,1% 157,5 kWh/kWp

JULY 83,1% 170,8 kWh/kWp

AUGUST 82,5% 172,2 kWh/kWp

SEPTEMBER 81,2% 155,8 kWh/kWp

OCTOBER 83,0% 152,5 kWh/kWp

NOVEMBER 83,8% 140,4 kWh/kWp

DECEMBER 83,9% 145,1 kWh/kWp

YEARLY 82,71 % 1847,8 kWh/kWp