Final Project - Analyze and Design A Multi-Storied Building

To analyze and design a multi-storied
building for the usage of residential

purpose
Civil Engineering
Project Report
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CONTENTS
Title Page No.

1 . INTRODUCTION 5
2. About the Project 6
3. ANALYSIS OF STILT + G + 4 RCC FRAMED BUILDING 7-9

USING STAAD.Pro
4. DESIGN OF [STILT + G + 4] RCC FRAMED BUILDING 10-11

USING STAAD.Pro
5. STAAD.Pro INPUT COMMAND FILE 12-20

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6. DESIGN OF SLABS, FOOTINGS AND STAIRCASE o
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21-30
7. ANALYSIS AND DESIGN RESULTS a 31-38

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8. CONCLUSION a 39
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9. REFERNCES
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4|Page
INTRODUCTION
Project Aim:
To analyze and design a multi-storied building for the usage of
residential purpose using STAAD PRO and manual calculations.
Scope:
The main scope of this project is to apply class room knowledge in the
real world by designing a multi-storied residential building. These
building require large and clear areas unobstructed by the columns. The
large floor area provides sufficient flexibility and facility for later
change in the production layout without major building alterations. The
residential buildings are constructed with adequate headroom for the
use of an overhead traveling crane. m
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General:
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STAAD Pro. V8i is the most popular structural engineering software
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product for model generation, analysis and multi-material design. It has
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an intuitive, user-friendly GUI, visualization tools, powerful analysis
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and design facilities and seamless integration to several other modeling
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and design software products. The software is fully compatible with all
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Windows operating systems but is optimized for Windows XP.
We have chosen STAAD Pro because of its following advantages:

easy to use interface,
conformation with the Indian Standard Codes,
versatile nature of solving any type of problem,
Accuracy of the solution.
5|Page
About the Project:
This project which is going on in Visakhapatnam comprises of development of
residential towers along with other necessary utilities.This document pertains to
the structural designs carried out for a part of above said residential township
project for various structures. The development is in the seismic Zone – II. The
basic wind speed at location of the development is 50 m/s. SBC of soil according to
soil investigations is 200 KN/m2. The design parameters considered are as per
Indian Standard Code of practice.
Statement of the Project:

The design data shall be as follows:
Live load : 2.0 kN/m2
Floor finish : 1.0 kN/m2
Weight of partitions : 2.0 kN/m2
Location : Visakhapatnam city (Zone - II) m
Depth of foundation below ground : 2.5 m o
Safe bearing capacity (SBC) of the soil : 200 kN/m2.c
Storey height : 3 m, a
Floors : Stilt + G + 4 upper floors.
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Ground beams : To be provided at 100 mm below G.L.
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Plinth level : 0.6 m
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Walls : 230 mm thick brick masonry walls
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only at periphery.
Material Properties:
Concrete S
All components unless specified in design: M25 grade all
Steel
HYSD reinforcement of grade Fe 415 confirming to IS: 1786 is used throughout.
6|Page
ANALYSIS OF STILT + G + 4 RCC FRAMED BUILDING
USING STAAD.Pro
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Fig.1 : Plan of the Stilt+G+4 Storey Building
All columns:
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d m. (column no.’s 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22,
Column section = 0.48 * 0.23 m (column no.’s 2, 8, 24)
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Column section = 0.60 * 0.23
23)
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Column section = 0.23 * 0.90 m. (column no.’s 10, 12, 13)
Column section = 0.30 * 0.90 m. (column no. 9, 11, 14.15, 16)
All beams = 0.60 * 0.23 m
All slabs = 0.20 m thick
Parapet = 0.10 m thick RCC
7|Page
Fig.2 : Elevation of the Stilt+G+4 Storey Building
Physical parameters of building:

Length along X-Axis = 27.19 m
Width along Z-Axis = 12.83 m
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Height along Y-Axis = 3m @ 6 floors
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= 18.0 m (1.0 m parapet being non- structural for seismic purposes, is not
considered of building frame height)
Live load on the floors = 2.00 kN/m2
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Grade of concrete and steel used:
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Used M25 concrete and Fe 415 steel
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Generation of member property:
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Fig.3 : Input window for Generation of member property
8|Page
Generation of member property can be done in STAAD.Pro by using the window as
shown above. The member section is selected and the dimensions have been
specified.
Beam Details:
Beam Section = 0.60 * 0.23 m.
Column Details:
Column section = 0.48 * 0.23 m (column no.’s 2, 8, 24)
Column section = 0.60 * 0.23 m. (column no.’s 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 17, 18, 19, 20,
21, 22, 23)
Column section = 0.23 * 0.90 m. (column no.’s 10, 12, 13)
Column section = 0.30 * 0.90 m. (column no. 9, 11, 14.15, 16)
Supports:
The base supports of the structure were assigned as fixed. The supports were
generated using the STAAD.Pro support generator.
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Materials for the structure: o
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The materials for the structure were specified as concrete with their various
constants as per a
standard IS code of practice.
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Loading:
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The loadings were calculated partially manually and rest was generated using
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STAAD.Pro
load generator. The loading cases were categorized as:
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1. Seismic load
2. Wind load
3. Dead load
4. Live load
5. Load combinations
9|Page
DESIGN OF [STILT + G + 4] RCC FRAMED BUILDING
USING STAAD.Pro
The structure was designed for concrete in accordance with IS: 456 codes. The
parameters such as Fy, Fc, etc were specified. The window shown below is the input
window for the design purpose. Then it has to be specified which members are to
be designed as beams and which member are to be designed as columns.
Design Parameters:
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Fig.4: Input Windows for Design Purpose
FC: Compressive Strength of concrete

FYMAIN: Yield Strength for main reinforcement steel
(For slabs, it the reinforcement used in both directions)
FYSEC: Yield Strength for main reinforcement steel
(Only used in beam design)
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Design Commands:
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Fig.5 : Design Specificationsain STAAD.Pro
mshear and torsion

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DESIGN BEAM : Design beams for flexure,
TAKE OFF : Print the total y

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DESIGN COLUMN : Design columns for axial load plus biaxial bending
volume of concrete and weight of steel
d columns and elements designed.
Reinforcement for the beams,
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STAAD.Pro INPUT COMMAND FILE
The STAAD.Pro input command file for our particular Stilt + G + 4 storey
building has been shown below:
STAAD SPACE
START JOB INFORMATION
ENGINEER DATE 07-Mar-17
JOB NAME * Analysis and Design of (Stilt+G+4) Building *
JOB CLIENT * Project Work 2013-2017 *
END JOB INFORMATION
INPUT WIDTH 79
UNIT METER KN
JOINT COORDINATES
1 0 0 0; 2 3.47 0 0; 3 7.58 0 0; 4 11.58 0 0; 5 13.94 0 0; 6 16.53 0 0;
7 21.25 0 0; 8 25.36 0 0; 9 0 0 6.38; 10 3.47 0 6.38; 11 7.58 0 6.38;
12 11.58 0 6.38; 13 13.94 0 6.38; 14 16.53 0 6.38; 15 21.25 0 6.38;
16 25.36 0 6.38; 17 0 0 12.83; 18 3.47 0 12.83; 19 7.58 0 12.83;
20 11.58 0 12.83; 21 13.94 0 12.83; 22 16.53 0 12.83; 23 21.25 0 12.83;
24 25.36 0 12.83; 25 -0.84 3 0; 26 0 3 0; 27 3.47 3 0; 28 7.58 3 0;
29 11.58 3 0; 30 13.94 3 0; 31 16.53 3 0; 32 21.25 3 0; 33 25.36 3 0;
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34 26.35 3 0; 35 3.47 3 1.91; 36 7.58 3 1.91; 37 13.94 3 2.25; 38 16.53 3 2.25;
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39 -0.84 3 2.95; 40 0 3 2.95; 41 3.47 3 2.95; 42 7.58 3 2.95; 43 11.58 3 2.95;
44 16.53 3 2.95; 45 21.25 3 2.95; 46 25.36 3 2.95; 47 26.35 3 2.95;
a
48 11.58 3 4.11; 49 13.94 3 4.11; 50 -0.84 3 6.38; 51 0 3 6.38; 52 3.47 3 6.38;
m
53 7.58 3 6.38; 54 11.58 3 6.38; 55 13.94 3 6.38; 56 16.53 3 6.38; 57 21.25 3 6.38; 58 25.36 3
a
6.38; 59 26.35 3 6.38; 60 3.47 3 7.6;
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61 7.58 3 7.6; 62 13.94 3 9.32; 63 16.53 3 9.32; 64 -0.84 3 9.4; 65 0 3 9.4;
66 3.47 3 9.4; 67 7.58 3 9.4; 68 11.58 3 9.4; 69 21.25 3 9.52; 70 25.36 3 9.52;
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71 26.35 3 9.52; 72 11.58 3 11.38; 73 13.94 3 11.38; 74 16.53 3 11.76;
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75 21.25 3 11.76; 76 3.47 3 12.07; 77 7.58 3 12.07; 78 -0.84 3 12.83;
79 0 3 12.83; 80 3.47 3 12.83; 81 7.58 3 12.83; 82 11.58 3 12.83;
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83 13.94 3 12.83; 84 16.53 3 12.83; 85 21.25 3 12.83; 86 25.36 3 12.83;
87 26.35 3 12.83; 88 -0.84 6 0; 89 0 6 0; 90 3.47 6 0; 91 7.58 6 0;
92 11.58 6 0; 93 13.94 6 0; 94 16.53 6 0; 95 21.25 6 0; 96 25.36 6 0;
97 26.35 6 0; 98 3.47 6 1.91; 99 7.58 6 1.91; 100 13.94 6 2.25;
101 16.53 6 2.25; 102 -0.84 6 2.95; 103 0 6 2.95; 104 3.47 6 2.95;
105 7.58 6 2.95; 106 11.58 6 2.95; 107 16.53 6 2.95; 108 21.25 6 2.95;
109 25.36 6 2.95; 110 26.35 6 2.95; 111 11.58 6 4.11; 112 13.94 6 4.11;
113 -0.84 6 6.38; 114 0 6 6.38; 115 3.47 6 6.38; 116 7.58 6 6.38;
117 11.58 6 6.38; 118 13.94 6 6.38; 119 16.53 6 6.38; 120 21.25 6 6.38;
121 25.36 6 6.38; 122 26.35 6 6.38; 123 3.47 6 7.6; 124 7.58 6 7.6;
125 13.94 6 9.32; 126 16.53 6 9.32; 127 -0.84 6 9.4; 128 0 6 9.4;
129 3.47 6 9.4; 130 7.58 6 9.4; 131 11.58 6 9.4; 132 21.25 6 9.52;
133 25.36 6 9.52; 134 26.35 6 9.52; 135 11.58 6 11.38; 136 13.94 6 11.38;
137 16.53 6 11.76; 138 21.25 6 11.76; 139 3.47 6 12.07; 140 7.58 6 12.07;
141 -0.84 6 12.83; 142 0 6 12.83; 143 3.47 6 12.83; 144 7.58 6 12.83;
145 11.58 6 12.83; 146 13.94 6 12.83; 147 16.53 6 12.83; 148 21.25 6 12.83;
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149 25.36 6 12.83; 150 26.35 6 12.83; 151 -0.84 9 0; 152 0 9 0; 153 3.47 9 0;
154 7.58 9 0; 155 11.58 9 0; 156 13.94 9 0; 157 16.53 9 0; 158 21.25 9 0;
159 25.36 9 0; 160 26.35 9 0; 161 3.47 9 1.91; 162 7.58 9 1.91; 163 13.94 9 2.25; 164 16.53 9
2.25; 165 -0.84 9 2.95; 166 0 9 2.95;
167 3.47 9 2.95; 168 7.58 9 2.95; 169 11.58 9 2.95; 170 16.53 9 2.95;
171 21.25 9 2.95; 172 25.36 9 2.95; 173 26.35 9 2.95; 174 11.58 9 4.11;
175 13.94 9 4.11; 176 -0.84 9 6.38; 177 0 9 6.38; 178 3.47 9 6.38;
179 7.58 9 6.38; 180 11.58 9 6.38; 181 13.94 9 6.38; 182 16.53 9 6.38;
183 21.25 9 6.38; 184 25.36 9 6.38; 185 26.35 9 6.38; 186 3.47 9 7.6;
187 7.58 9 7.6; 188 13.94 9 9.32; 189 16.53 9 9.32; 190 -0.84 9 9.4;
191 0 9 9.4; 192 3.47 9 9.4; 193 7.58 9 9.4; 194 11.58 9 9.4; 195 21.25 9 9.52;
196 25.36 9 9.52; 197 26.35 9 9.52; 198 11.58 9 11.38; 199 13.94 9 11.38;
200 16.53 9 11.76; 201 21.25 9 11.76; 202 3.47 9 12.07; 203 7.58 9 12.07;
204 -0.84 9 12.83; 205 0 9 12.83; 206 3.47 9 12.83; 207 7.58 9 12.83;
208 11.58 9 12.83; 209 13.94 9 12.83; 210 16.53 9 12.83; 211 21.25 9 12.83;
212 25.36 9 12.83; 213 26.35 9 12.83; 214 -0.84 12 0; 215 0 12 0;
216 3.47 12 0; 217 7.58 12 0; 218 11.58 12 0; 219 13.94 12 0; 220 16.53 12 0;
221 21.25 12 0; 222 25.36 12 0; 223 26.35 12 0; 224 3.47 12 1.91;
225 7.58 12 1.91; 226 13.94 12 2.25; 227 16.53 12 2.25; 228 -0.84 12 2.95;
229 0 12 2.95; 230 3.47 12 2.95; 231 7.58 12 2.95; 232 11.58 12 2.95; m
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233 16.53 12 2.95; 234 21.25 12 2.95; 235 25.36 12 2.95; 236 26.35 12 2.95;
237 11.58 12 4.11; 238 13.94 12 4.11; 239 -0.84 12 6.38; 240 0 12 6.38;
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241 3.47 12 6.38; 242 7.58 12 6.38; 243 11.58 12 6.38; 244 13.94 12 6.38;
245 16.53 12 6.38; 246 21.25 12 6.38; 247 25.36 12 6.38; 248 26.35 12 6.38;
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249 3.47 12 7.6; 250 7.58 12 7.6; 251 13.94 12 9.32; 252 16.53 12 9.32;
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253 -0.84 12 9.4; 254 0 12 9.4; 255 3.47 12 9.4; 256 7.58 12 9.4;
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257 11.58 12 9.4; 258 21.25 12 9.52; 259 25.36 12 9.52; 260 26.35 12 9.52;
261 11.58 12 11.38; 262 13.94 12 11.38; 263 16.53 12 11.76; 264 21.25 12 11.76; 265 3.47 12
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12.07; 266 7.58 12 12.07; 267 -0.84 12 12.83; 268 0 12 12.83;
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269 3.47 12 12.83; 270 7.58 12 12.83; 271 11.58 12 12.83; 272 13.94 12 12.83;
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273 16.53 12 12.83; 274 21.25 12 12.83; 275 25.36 12 12.83; 276 26.35 12 12.83;
277 -0.84 15 0; 278 0 15 0; 279 3.47 15 0; 280 7.58 15 0; 281 11.58 15 0;
282 13.94 15 0; 283 16.53 15 0; 284 21.25 15 0; 285 25.36 15 0; 286 26.35 15 0;
287 3.47 15 1.91; 288 7.58 15 1.91; 289 13.94 15 2.25; 290 16.53 15 2.25;
291 -0.84 15 2.95; 292 0 15 2.95; 293 3.47 15 2.95; 294 7.58 15 2.95;
295 11.58 15 2.95; 296 16.53 15 2.95; 297 21.25 15 2.95; 298 25.36 15 2.95;
299 26.35 15 2.95; 300 11.58 15 4.11; 301 13.94 15 4.11; 302 -0.84 15 6.38;
303 0 15 6.38; 304 3.47 15 6.38; 305 7.58 15 6.38; 306 11.58 15 6.38;
307 13.94 15 6.38; 308 16.53 15 6.38; 309 21.25 15 6.38; 310 25.36 15 6.38;
311 26.35 15 6.38; 312 3.47 15 7.6; 313 7.58 15 7.6; 314 13.94 15 9.32;
315 16.53 15 9.32; 316 -0.84 15 9.4; 317 0 15 9.4; 318 3.47 15 9.4;
319 7.58 15 9.4; 320 11.58 15 9.4; 321 21.25 15 9.52; 322 25.36 15 9.52;
323 26.35 15 9.52; 324 11.58 15 11.38; 325 13.94 15 11.38; 326 16.53 15 11.76;
327 21.25 15 11.76; 328 3.47 15 12.07; 329 7.58 15 12.07; 330 -0.84 15 12.83;
331 0 15 12.83; 332 3.47 15 12.83; 333 7.58 15 12.83; 334 11.58 15 12.83;
335 13.94 15 12.83; 336 16.53 15 12.83; 337 21.25 15 12.83; 338 25.36 15 12.83;
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339 26.35 15 12.83; 340 -0.84 18 0; 341 0 18 0; 342 3.47 18 0; 343 7.58 18 0;
344 11.58 18 0; 345 13.94 18 0; 346 16.53 18 0; 347 21.25 18 0; 348 25.36 18 0;
349 26.35 18 0; 350 3.47 18 1.91; 351 7.58 18 1.91; 352 13.94 18 2.25;
353 16.53 18 2.25; 354 -0.84 18 2.95; 355 0 18 2.95; 356 3.47 18 2.95;
357 7.58 18 2.95; 358 11.58 18 2.95; 359 16.53 18 2.95; 360 21.25 18 2.95;
361 25.36 18 2.95; 362 26.35 18 2.95; 363 11.58 18 4.11; 364 13.94 18 4.11;
365 -0.84 18 6.38; 366 0 18 6.38; 367 3.47 18 6.38; 368 7.58 18 6.38; 369 11.58 18 6.38; 370
13.94 18 6.38; 371 16.53 18 6.38; 372 21.25 18 6.38;
373 25.36 18 6.38; 374 26.35 18 6.38; 375 3.47 18 7.6; 376 7.58 18 7.6;
377 13.94 18 9.32; 378 16.53 18 9.32; 379 -0.84 18 9.4; 380 0 18 9.4;
381 3.47 18 9.4; 382 7.58 18 9.4; 383 11.58 18 9.4; 384 21.25 18 9.52;
385 25.36 18 9.52; 386 26.35 18 9.52; 387 11.58 18 11.38; 388 13.94 18 11.38;
389 16.53 18 11.76; 390 21.25 18 11.76; 391 3.47 18 12.07; 392 7.58 18 12.07;
393 -0.84 18 12.83; 394 0 18 12.83; 395 3.47 18 12.83; 396 7.58 18 12.83;
397 11.58 18 12.83; 398 13.94 18 12.83; 399 16.53 18 12.83; 400 21.25 18 12.83;
401 25.36 18 12.83; 402 26.35 18 12.83;
MEMBER INCIDENCES
1 1 26; 2 2 27; 3 3 28; 4 4 29; 5 5 30; 6 6 31; 7 7 32; 8 8 33; 9 9 51;
10 10 52; 11 11 53; 12 12 54; 13 13 55; 14 14 56; 15 15 57; 16 16 58; 17 17 79;
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18 18 80; 19 19 81; 20 20 82; 21 21 83; 22 22 84; 23 23 85; 24 24 86; 25 25 26;
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26 26 27; 27 27 28; 28 28 29; 29 29 30; 30 30 31; 31 31 32; 32 32 33; 33 33 34;
34 27 35; 35 28 36; 36 30 37; 37 31 38; 38 25 39; 39 26 40; 40 29 43; 41 32 45;
a
42 34 47; 43 35 36; 44 37 38; 45 35 41; 46 36 42; 47 38 44; 48 39 40; 49 40 41;
50 42 43; 51 44 45; 52 45 46; 53 46 47; 54 37 49; 55 43 48; 56 48 49; 57 39 50;
m
58 40 51; 59 41 52; 60 42 53; 61 44 56; 62 45 57; 63 46 58; 64 47 59; 65 48 54;
a
66 49 55; 67 50 51; 68 51 52; 69 52 53; 70 53 54; 71 55 56; 72 56 57; 73 57 58;
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74 58 59; 75 52 60; 76 53 61; 77 60 61; 78 55 62; 79 56 63; 80 50 64; 81 51 65;
82 54 68; 83 57 69; 84 58 70; 85 59 71; 86 60 66; 87 61 67; 88 62 63; 89 64 65;
d
90 65 66; 91 67 68; 92 69 70; 93 70 71; 94 62 73; 95 68 72; 96 63 74; 97 69 75;
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98 66 76; 99 67 77; 100 64 78; 101 65 79; 102 70 86; 103 71 87; 104 72 73;
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105 74 75; 106 76 77; 107 72 82; 108 73 83; 109 74 84; 110 75 85; 111 76 80;
112 77 81; 113 78 79; 114 79 80; 115 80 81; 116 81 82; 117 82 83; 118 83 84; 119 84 85; 120 85
86; 121 86 87; 122 26 89; 123 27 90; 124 28 91; 125 29 92;
126 30 93; 127 31 94; 128 32 95; 129 33 96; 130 51 114; 131 52 115; 132 53 116;
133 54 117; 134 55 118; 135 56 119; 136 57 120; 137 58 121; 138 79 142;
139 80 143; 140 81 144; 141 82 145; 142 83 146; 143 84 147; 144 85 148;
145 86 149; 146 88 89; 147 89 90; 148 90 91; 149 91 92; 150 92 93; 151 93 94;
152 94 95; 153 95 96; 154 96 97; 155 90 98; 156 91 99; 157 93 100; 158 94 101;
159 88 102; 160 89 103; 161 92 106; 162 95 108; 163 97 110; 164 98 99;
165 100 101; 166 98 104; 167 99 105; 168 101 107; 169 102 103; 170 103 104;
171 105 106; 172 107 108; 173 108 109; 174 109 110; 175 100 112; 176 106 111;
177 111 112; 178 102 113; 179 103 114; 180 104 115; 181 105 116; 182 107 119;
183 108 120; 184 109 121; 185 110 122; 186 111 117; 187 112 118; 188 113 114;
189 114 115; 190 115 116; 191 116 117; 192 118 119; 193 119 120; 194 120 121;
195 121 122; 196 115 123; 197 116 124; 198 123 124; 199 118 125; 200 119 126;
201 113 127; 202 114 128; 203 117 131; 204 120 132; 205 121 133; 206 122 134;
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207 123 129; 208 124 130; 209 125 126; 210 127 128; 211 128 129; 212 130 131;
213 132 133; 214 133 134; 215 125 136; 216 131 135; 217 126 137; 218 132 138;
219 129 139; 220 130 140; 221 127 141; 222 128 142; 223 133 149; 224 134 150;
225 135 136; 226 137 138; 227 139 140; 228 135 145; 229 136 146; 230 137 147;
231 138 148; 232 139 143; 233 140 144; 234 141 142; 235 142 143; 236 143 144;
237 144 145; 238 145 146; 239 146 147; 240 147 148; 241 148 149; 242 149 150;
243 89 152; 244 90 153; 245 91 154; 246 92 155; 247 93 156; 248 94 157;
249 95 158; 250 96 159; 251 114 177; 252 115 178; 253 116 179; 254 117 180;
255 118 181; 256 119 182; 257 120 183; 258 121 184; 259 142 205; 260 143 206;
261 144 207; 262 145 208; 263 146 209; 264 147 210; 265 148 211; 266 149 212;
267 151 152; 268 152 153; 269 153 154; 270 154 155; 271 155 156; 272 156 157; 273 157 158;
274 158 159; 275 159 160; 276 153 161; 277 154 162; 278 156 163;
279 157 164; 280 151 165; 281 152 166; 282 155 169; 283 158 171; 284 160 173;
285 161 162; 286 163 164; 287 161 167; 288 162 168; 289 164 170; 290 165 166;
291 166 167; 292 168 169; 293 170 171; 294 171 172; 295 172 173; 296 163 175;
297 169 174; 298 174 175; 299 165 176; 300 166 177; 301 167 178; 302 168 179;
303 170 182; 304 171 183; 305 172 184; 306 173 185; 307 174 180; 308 175 181;
309 176 177; 310 177 178; 311 178 179; 312 179 180; 313 181 182; 314 182 183;
315 183 184; 316 184 185; 317 178 186; 318 179 187; 319 186 187; 320 181 188;
m
321 182 189; 322 176 190; 323 177 191; 324 180 194; 325 183 195; 326 184 196;
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327 185 197; 328 186 192; 329 187 193; 330 188 189; 331 190 191; 332 191 192;
333 193 194; 334 195 196; 335 196 197; 336 188 199; 337 194 198; 338 189 200;
a
339 195 201; 340 192 202; 341 193 203; 342 190 204; 343 191 205; 344 196 212;
345 197 213; 346 198 199; 347 200 201; 348 202 203; 349 198 208; 350 199 209;
m
351 200 210; 352 201 211; 353 202 206; 354 203 207; 355 204 205; 356 205 206;
a
357 206 207; 358 207 208; 359 208 209; 360 209 210; 361 210 211; 362 211 212;
yn
363 212 213; 364 152 215; 365 153 216; 366 154 217; 367 155 218; 368 156 219;
369 157 220; 370 158 221; 371 159 222; 372 177 240; 373 178 241; 374 179 242;
d
375 180 243; 376 181 244; 377 182 245; 378 183 246; 379 184 247; 380 205 268;
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381 206 269; 382 207 270; 383 208 271; 384 209 272; 385 210 273; 386 211 274;
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387 212 275; 388 214 215; 389 215 216; 390 216 217; 391 217 218; 392 218 219;
393 219 220; 394 220 221; 395 221 222; 396 222 223; 397 216 224; 398 217 225;
399 219 226; 400 220 227; 401 214 228; 402 215 229; 403 218 232; 404 221 234;
405 223 236; 406 224 225; 407 226 227; 408 224 230; 409 225 231; 410 227 233;
411 228 229; 412 229 230; 413 231 232; 414 233 234; 415 234 235; 416 235 236;
417 226 238; 418 232 237; 419 237 238; 420 228 239; 421 229 240; 422 230 241; 423 231 242;
424 233 245; 425 234 246; 426 235 247; 427 236 248; 428 237 243;
429 238 244; 430 239 240; 431 240 241; 432 241 242; 433 242 243; 434 244 245;
435 245 246; 436 246 247; 437 247 248; 438 241 249; 439 242 250; 440 249 250;
441 244 251; 442 245 252; 443 239 253; 444 240 254; 445 243 257; 446 246 258;
447 247 259; 448 248 260; 449 249 255; 450 250 256; 451 251 252; 452 253 254;
453 254 255; 454 256 257; 455 258 259; 456 259 260; 457 251 262; 458 257 261;
459 252 263; 460 258 264; 461 255 265; 462 256 266; 463 253 267; 464 254 268;
465 259 275; 466 260 276; 467 261 262; 468 263 264; 469 265 266; 470 261 271;
471 262 272; 472 263 273; 473 264 274; 474 265 269; 475 266 270; 476 267 268;
477 268 269; 478 269 270; 479 270 271; 480 271 272; 481 272 273; 482 273 274;
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483 274 275; 484 275 276; 485 215 278; 486 216 279; 487 217 280; 488 218 281;
489 219 282; 490 220 283; 491 221 284; 492 222 285; 493 240 303; 494 241 304;
495 242 305; 496 243 306; 497 244 307; 498 245 308; 499 246 309; 500 247 310;
501 268 331; 502 269 332; 503 270 333; 504 271 334; 505 272 335; 506 273 336;
507 274 337; 508 275 338; 509 277 278; 510 278 279; 511 279 280; 512 280 281;
513 281 282; 514 282 283; 515 283 284; 516 284 285; 517 285 286; 518 279 287;
519 280 288; 520 282 289; 521 283 290; 522 277 291; 523 278 292; 524 281 295;
525 284 297; 526 286 299; 527 287 288; 528 289 290; 529 287 293; 530 288 294;
531 290 296; 532 291 292; 533 292 293; 534 294 295; 535 296 297; 536 297 298;
537 298 299; 538 289 301; 539 295 300; 540 300 301; 541 291 302; 542 292 303;
543 293 304; 544 294 305; 545 296 308; 546 297 309; 547 298 310; 548 299 311;
549 300 306; 550 301 307; 551 302 303; 552 303 304; 553 304 305; 554 305 306;
555 307 308; 556 308 309; 557 309 310; 558 310 311; 559 304 312; 560 305 313;
561 312 313; 562 307 314; 563 308 315; 564 302 316; 565 303 317; 566 306 320;
567 309 321; 568 310 322; 569 311 323; 570 312 318; 571 313 319; 572 314 315; 573 316 317;
574 317 318; 575 319 320; 576 321 322; 577 322 323; 578 314 325;
579 320 324; 580 315 326; 581 321 327; 582 318 328; 583 319 329; 584 316 330;
585 317 331; 586 322 338; 587 323 339; 588 324 325; 589 326 327; 590 328 329;
591 324 334; 592 325 335; 593 326 336; 594 327 337; 595 328 332; 596 329 333;
m
597 330 331; 598 331 332; 599 332 333; 600 333 334; 601 334 335; 602 335 336;
o
.c
603 336 337; 604 337 338; 605 338 339; 606 278 341; 607 279 342; 608 280 343;
609 281 344; 610 282 345; 611 283 346; 612 284 347; 613 285 348; 614 303 366;
a
615 304 367; 616 305 368; 617 306 369; 618 307 370; 619 308 371; 620 309 372;
621 310 373; 622 331 394; 623 332 395; 624 333 396; 625 334 397; 626 335 398;
m
627 336 399; 628 337 400; 629 338 401; 630 340 341; 631 341 342; 632 342 343;
a
633 343 344; 634 344 345; 635 345 346; 636 346 347; 637 347 348; 638 348 349;
yn
639 342 350; 640 343 351; 641 345 352; 642 346 353; 643 340 354; 644 341 355;
645 344 358; 646 347 360; 647 349 362; 648 350 351; 649 352 353; 650 350 356;
d
651 351 357; 652 353 359; 653 354 355; 654 355 356; 655 357 358; 656 359 360;
tu
657 360 361; 658 361 362; 659 352 364; 660 358 363; 661 363 364; 662 354 365;
S
663 355 366; 664 356 367; 665 357 368; 666 359 371; 667 360 372; 668 361 373;
669 362 374; 670 363 369; 671 364 370; 672 365 366; 673 366 367; 674 367 368;
675 368 369; 676 370 371; 677 371 372; 678 372 373; 679 373 374; 680 367 375;
681 368 376; 682 375 376; 683 370 377; 684 371 378; 685 365 379; 686 366 380;
687 369 383; 688 372 384; 689 373 385; 690 374 386; 691 375 381; 692 376 382;
693 377 378; 694 379 380; 695 380 381; 696 382 383; 697 384 385; 698 385 386;
699 377 388; 700 383 387; 701 378 389; 702 384 390; 703 381 391; 704 382 392;
705 379 393; 706 380 394; 707 385 401; 708 386 402; 709 387 388; 710 389 390;
711 391 392; 712 387 397; 713 388 398; 714 389 399; 715 390 400; 716 391 395;
717 392 396; 718 393 394; 719 394 395; 720 395 396; 721 396 397; 722 397 398; 723 398 399;
724 399 400; 725 400 401; 726 401 402;
DEFINE MATERIAL START
ISOTROPIC CONCRETE
E 2.17185e+007
POISSON 0.17
DENSITY 23.5616
16 | P a g e
ALPHA 1e-005
DAMP 0.05
END DEFINE MATERIAL
MEMBER PROPERTY AMERICAN
25 TO 121 146 TO 242 267 TO 363 388 TO 484 509 TO 605 630 TO 725 -
726 PRIS YD 0.6 ZD 0.23
2 8 24 123 129 145 244 250 266 365 371 387 486 492 508 607 613 -
629 PRIS YD 0.48 ZD 0.23
MEMBER PROPERTY AMERICAN
1 3 TO 7 17 TO 23 122 124 TO 128 138 TO 144 243 245 TO 249 259 TO 265 364 -
366 TO 370 380 TO 386 485 487 TO 491 501 TO 507 606 608 TO 612 622 TO 627 -
628 PRIS YD 0.6 ZD 0.23
10 12 13 131 133 134 252 254 255 373 375 376 494 496 497 615 617 -
618 PRIS YD 0.23 ZD 0.9
9 11 14 TO 16 130 132 135 TO 137 251 253 256 TO 258 372 374 377 TO 379 493 -
495 498 TO 500 614 616 619 TO 621 PRIS YD 0.3 ZD 0.9
CONSTANTS
MATERIAL CONCRETE ALL
SUPPORTS1 TO 24 FIXED
DEFINE 1893 LOAD m
o
.c
ZONE 0.1 RF 5 I 1.5 SS 1 ST 1 DM 5
MEMBER WEIGHT
a
25 TO 121 146 TO 242 267 TO 363 388 TO 484 509 TO 605 630 TO 726 UNI -10
FLOOR WEIGHT
YRANGE 0.1 3.1 FLOAD -7.5 m
YRANGE 3.1 6.2 FLOAD -7.5
a
yn
d
tu
S
DEFINE WIND LOAD
TYPE 1
<! STAAD PRO GENERATED DATA DO NOT MODIFY !!!
ASCE-7-2002:PARAMS 50.000 KMPH 0 1 1 0 0.000 FT 0.000 FT 0.000 FT 1 -
1 40.000 FT 30.000 FT 25.000 FT 2.000 0.010 0 -
0 0 0 0 0.761 1.000 1.000 0.850 0 -
0 0 0 0.866 0.800 0.550
!> END GENERATED DATA BLOCK
INT 0.478803 0.478803 0.478803 0.478803 0.478803 0.478803 0.478803 0.478803 -
0.478803 0.478803 0.478803 0.478803 0.478803 0.478803 0.478803 HEIG 0 4.572 -
5.15815 5.74431 6.33046 6.91662 7.50277 8.08892 8.67508 9.26123 -
9.84739 10.4335 11.0197 11.6059 12.192
EXP 1 JOINT 1 TO 402LOAD 1 LOADTYPE Seismic TITLE EQ +X
1893 LOAD X 1
LOAD 2 LOADTYPE Seismic TITLE EQ -X
1893 LOAD X -1
17 | P a g e
LOAD 3 LOADTYPE Seismic TITLE EQ +Z
1893 LOAD Z 1
LOAD 4 LOADTYPE Seismic TITLE EQ -Z
1893 LOAD Z -1
LOAD 5 LOADTYPE Wind TITLE WL +X
WIND LOAD X 1 TYPE 1 YR 0 18.6
LOAD 6 LOADTYPE Wind TITLE WL -X
WIND LOAD X -1 TYPE 1 YR 0 18.6
LOAD 7 LOADTYPE Wind TITLE WL +Z
WIND LOAD Z 1 TYPE 1 YR 0 18.6
LOAD 8 LOADTYPE Wind TITLE WL -Z
WIND LOAD Z -1 TYPE 1 YR 0 18.6
LOAD 9 LOADTYPE Dead TITLE DL
SELFWEIGHT Y -1
MEMBER LOAD
25 TO 28 30 TO 33 36 38 40 42 54 55 57 64 TO 74 78 80 82 85 94 95 100 103 -
107 108 113 TO 116 118 TO 121 146 TO 149 151 TO 154 157 159 161 163 175 176 -
178 185 TO 195 199 201 203 206 215 216 221 224 228 229 234 TO 237 -
239 TO 242 267 TO 270 272 TO 275 278 280 282 284 296 297 299 306 TO 316 320 -
m
322 324 327 336 337 342 345 349 350 355 TO 358 360 TO 363 388 TO 391 393 -
o
.c
394 TO 396 399 401 403 405 417 418 420 427 TO 437 441 443 445 448 457 458 -463 466 470
471 476 TO 479 481 TO 484 509 TO 512 514 TO 517 520 522 524 526 -
a
538 539 541 548 TO 558 562 564 566 569 578 579 584 587 591 592 597 TO 600 -
602 TO 605 UNI GY -13
m
34 35 37 39 41 43 TO 47 49 TO 53 58 TO 63 75 TO 77 79 81 83 84 86 TO 88 90 -
a
91 TO 93 96 TO 99 101 102 105 106 109 TO 112 155 156 158 160 162 164 TO 168 -
yn
170 TO 174 179 TO 184 196 TO 198 200 202 204 205 207 TO 209 211 TO 214 217 -
218 TO 220 222 223 226 227 230 TO 233 276 277 279 281 283 285 TO 289 -
d
291 TO 295 300 TO 305 317 TO 319 321 323 325 326 328 TO 330 332 TO 335 338 -
tu
339 TO 341 343 344 347 348 351 TO 354 397 398 400 402 404 406 TO 410 -
S
412 TO 416 421 TO 426 438 TO 440 442 444 446 447 449 TO 451 453 TO 456 459 -
460 TO 462 464 465 468 469 472 TO 475 518 519 521 523 525 527 TO 531 -
533 TO 537 542 TO 547 559 TO 561 563 565 567 568 570 TO 572 574 TO 577 580 -
581 TO 583 585 586 589 590 593 TO 596 UNI GY -7
29 56 104 117 150 177 225 238 271 298 346 359 392 419 467 480 513 540 588 -
601 UNI GY -22
630 TO 638 643 647 662 669 685 690 705 708 718 TO 726 UNI GY -5
LOAD 10 LOADTYPE Live REDUCIBLE TITLE LL
FLOOR LOAD
LOAD COMB 11 GENERATED INDIAN CODE GENRAL_STRUCTURES 19 1.5 10 1.5
18 | P a g e
LOAD COMB 12 GENERATED INDIAN CODE GENRAL_STRUCTURES 2
9 1.2 10 1.2 5 1.2
9 1.2 10 1.2 6 1.2
9 1.2 10 1.2 7 1.2
9 1.2 10 1.2 8 1.2
9 1.2 10 1.2 5 -1.2
9 1.2 10 1.2 6 -1.2
9 1.2 10 1.2 7 -1.2
9 1.2 10 1.2 8 -1.2
9 1.2 10 1.2 1 1.2
9 1.2 10 1.2 2 1.2 m
o
.c
9 1.2 10 1.2 3 1.2
a
9 1.2 10 1.2 4 1.2LOAD COMB 24 GENERATED INDIAN CODE GENRAL_STRUCTURES
14 m
9 1.2 10 1.2 1 -1.2
a
yn
9 1.2 10 1.2 2 -1.2
d
tu
9 1.2 10 1.2 3 -1.2
S
9 1.2 10 1.2 4 -1.2
9 1.5 5 1.5
9 1.5 6 1.5
9 1.5 7 1.5
9 1.5 8 1.5
9 1.5 5 -1.5
9 1.5 6 -1.5
9 1.5 7 -1.5
19 | P a g e
9 1.5 8 -1.5
LOAD COMB 36 GENERATED INDIAN CODE GENRAL_STRUCTURES 269 1.5 1 1.5
9 1.5 2 1.5
9 1.5 3 1.5
9 1.5 4 1.5
9 1.5 1 -1.5
9 1.5 2 -1.5
9 1.5 3 -1.5
9 1.5 4 -1.5
9 0.9 1 1.5
m
o
.c
9 0.9 2 1.5
9 0.9 3 1.5
a
9 0.9 4 1.5 m
a
yn
9 0.9 1 -1.5LOAD COMB 49 GENERATED INDIAN CODE GENRAL_STRUCTURES 39
9 0.9 2 -1.5
d
tu
9 0.9 3 -1.5
S
9 0.9 4 -1.5
PERFORM ANALYSIS
LOAD LIST 11
PRINT SUPPORT REACTION ALL
PRINT MEMBER FORCES LIST 1 TO 24
START CONCRETE DESIGN
CODE INDIAN
FC 25000 ALL
FYMAIN 415000 ALL
FYSEC 415000 ALL
DESIGN COLUMN 1 TO 24
DESIGN BEAM 25 TO 121
CONCRETE TAKE
END CONCRETE DESIGN
FINISH
20 | P a g e
 DESIGN OF SLABS, FOOTINGS AND STAIRCASE
1. DESIGN OF SLABS:
General:
Slabs are the plate elements forming floor and roof of building and carrying
distributed loads primarily by flexure. A slab is a flat, two-dimensional planar
structural element having a smaller thickness compared to its other two
dimensions. It provides a working flat surface or a covering shelter to buildings. It
supports mainly transverse loads and transfers them to supports primarily by
bending action in one or more directions. Though a RC slab is essentially a bending
element, it differs from beam in the following aspects:
 The bending cannot be only in one vertical plane as in case of beam but in
more than one vertical plane.
 The slab is usually analyzed and designed, considering a strip of uniform
length
m
o
 Shear stresses are usually low and shear reinforcement is usually avoided in
.c
width (usually 1m in practical design). Preference to increase in depth over
the region critical in shear.
a
m
 Distribution steel provided at right angles to main steel in both the
directions.
a
yn
A reinforced concrete slab covers a relatively large area compared to a beam or
column.Therefore, volume of concrete and hence, dead load is large in case of slab.
d
A small reduction in the depth of slab therefore, leads to considerable economy.
tu
But, care has to be taken to see that its performance (serviceability) is not
S
affected due to excessive deflection and cracking.Depending on the direction of
spacing (direction of distribution of loads), the slabs are classified as following:
 One way slabs:

Slabs supported on two parallel sides and carrying loads by bending in the direction
perpendicular to the support are known as one way slab.
 Two way slabs:
Rectangular slabs with length not very large as compared to its width (or) square
slabs supported on four sides carry loads by bending in two perpendicular
directions are known as two way slabs. In our project the slabs we used are two
way slabs and they are designated as S1, S2,S3,…,Sn. The typical design of two-
way slab is presented below and the design of other slabs is performed on the
same steps.
21 | P a g e
Typical design of two-way floor slab: (Considering s1)
Load calculation for floor slab:
Consider the slab S1 having:
Panel dimension = 4500x4930 mm
Assume cover is 20 mm and width b = 1000 mm.
Fy = 415N/mm2
Fck = 25N/mm2
Thickness of slab:
From IS: 456-2000,
Lx/D= 32,
4500/D= 32,
D = 140.62 mm ~ 141 mm
Assuming to use 10mm diameter bars
So, we take the effective depth (d) = 141-20-(10/2) = 116 ~ 125 mm
Then, Overall depth (D) = 125 + 20 + (10/2)
D = 150 mm m
o
.c
Effective Span:
Lx = 4.5+0.1 = 4.6 m
Ly = 4.93+0.1 = 5.03 m a
Loads: m
a
Self weight of slab and floor finishes = 3.50 KN/m2
yn
Weight of partitions = 2.00 KN/m2
d
Live load = 2.00 KN/m2
tu
Total load on floor slab = 7.50 KN/m2
Factored load = 1.5 x 7.5 = 11.25 KN/m2
S
Ly/Lx Ratio =5.03/4.6= 1.09 < 2
Hence two way slab will be designed.
Calculating Moments:
Ly/Lx Ratio = 1.09
αx
-ve 0.032
+ve 0.024
αy
-ve 0.032
+ve 0.024
Short Span Moments:
At continuous edges:
Mx = αx x wlx2 = -0.032x11.25x4.62 = -7.62 KN-m
22 | P a g e
At mid span:
Mx = αx x wlx2
= 0.024x11.25x4.62
= 5.71 KN-m
Long Span Moments:
At continuous edges:
My = αy x wlx2
= -0.032x11.25x4.62
= -7.62 KN-m
At mid span:
My = αy x wlx2
= 0.024x11.25x4.62
= 5.71 KN-m
Check for effective depth required:
M = 7.62 KN-m
d = √ Mu/.138fckb
m
d = 46.99 < 125
o
.c
Hence it is safe.
Calculation of reinforcement:
At continuous edge of short span: a
Mu = 7.62 KN-m m
a
yn
Mu = 0.87 x fy x Ast x d [1 – fyAst/fck bd]
7.62 x 106 = (45131.25Ast) [1 − 0.000133Ast]
Ast = 172.81 mm2 d
tu
Assuming to provide 10mm ϕ bars
S
1. Spacing = 78.54X1000/172.81
= 454.48 mm
2. 3d = 3x125
= 375 mm
3. = 300mm
Provide 10 mm ϕ bars @ 300 mm c/c.
At mid span of short span:
Mu = 5.71 KN-m
Mu = 0.87 x fy x Ast x d [1 −fyAst/fck bd]
5.71x106 = (45131.25Ast) x [1 − 0.000133Ast]
Ast = 128.72 mm2
23 | P a g e
1. Spacing = 78.54X1000/128.72
= 610.16 mm
2. 3d = 3x125
= 375 mm
3. = 300mm
At continuous edges of long span:
These bars will be placed above the bars in x-direction
Hence, d = 125-10 = 115
Mu = 7.62 KN-m
Mu = 0.87fyAstd [1 −fyAst/fck bd]
7.62x106 = (41520.75Ast) [1 − 0.0011Ast]
Ast = 255.11 mm2
1. Spacing = 78.54X1000 /255.11 = 307.86 mm
m
2. 3d = 3x115 = 345 mm
o
.c
3. = 300mm
At mid span of long span: a
m
These bars will be placed above the bars in x-direction
a
yn
Hence, d = 125-10 = 115
Mu = 5.71 KN-m
d
Mu = 0.87fyAstd [1 −fyAst/fck bd]
tu
5.71x106 = (41520.75Ast) [1 − 0.0011Ast]
S
Ast = 168.9 mm2
1. Spacing = 78.54X1000 /168.9 = 465.00 mm
2. 3d = 3x115 = 345 mm
3. = 300mm
Reinforcement in edge strip:
Ast = 0.12% of gross area
= 0.12/100 x1000 x150 = 180mm2
Using 8 mm diameter bars, spacing of bars
S =50.26/180 x1000 = 279.25 mm
Maximum spacing is (i) 5d = 5x125 = 625 mm
(ii) 450 mm whichever is less
24 | P a g e
Hence, provide 8 mm bars at 270 mm c/c in edge strips in both directions.
Check for Deflection:

% of steel at mid span, Pt =78.53x100/(300x125)= 0.209%
Stress in reinforcement (fs) = 0.58x415 = 240 N/mm2
From fig.4 of IS: 456-2000, modification factor = 1.5
Maximum permitted l/d ratio = 32
l/d Ratio provided =4600/150
= 30.66 < 32
Hence, slab is safe from deflection.
m
o
.c
a
m
a
yn
d
tu
S
25 | P a g e
 2. DESIGN OF FOOTINGS:
General:
Footing is the bottom most but the most important compound of a structure which
lies before the ground level it has to be well planned and carefully designed to
ensure the safety and stability of the structure the function of the footing is to
safely transfer loads from the super structure to the ground. Footing under walls
are called one way footings and those under columns are two way footings present
we designed two way footings.The safe bearing capacity (S.B.C) of a soil is taken as
200 KN/m2 and the materials used are M25 grade concrete and Fe 415 steel. The
weight of the footing is taken as 10% of load. The depth of the footing is
calculated by bending moment consideration and checked for one way and two way
shear. Type of footing designed as isolated sloped footing.
Depth of the footing required:

m
o
In case of sloped footings cross-section along x-x and y-y axis which resists
.c
maximum bending moment is a combination of rectangular and trapezium. The depth
a
of the crosssection is maximum at the base of the column and minimum at the free
edge. At the same time at top width of the section is increasing from a minimum
m
value near the column face to the maximum value of the free ends. Because of this
a
yn
variation in depth and breadth it is difficult to arrive at an expression for moment
at resistance in terms of breadth and depth. Hence for simplifying the process of
d
analysis and equivalent rectangular section of width equal to the width of the
tu
column. 1/6th of projection and depth is equal to the maximum depth of the
S
footing near the face of the column. In this project work, footings are designed as
isolated rectangular footings. The SBC ofthe soil in the present project work is
taken as 200 KN/m2. One typical design of isolated footing is presented.
Design of ISOLATED FOOTING:

Data of Column C16:
Column load (P) = 4030.83 kN
Soil bearing capacity = 200 kN/m2
FCK = 25 N/mm2
Fy = 415 N/mm2
Self weight of footing is 10% of P.
P = 4030.83 kN
Self weight = 403.083 kN
Total load = 4030.83+403.083 = 4433.913 kN
26 | P a g e
Size of the column = 300 x 900 mm
Area of the footing (A) = 4433.913/200
= 22.169 m2
Size of the footing = 5 x 5 m2
Soil reaction (qu) = 1.5P/BXB
= 266.03 KN/m2
Depth of footing:
Soil pressure from shaded area (vu) = qu x B [B-b/2–d]
= 0.266 x 5000 [(5000-300)/2 –d]
= 1330 (2350 - d)
Assume steel 0.2% for M25 concrete,
τc = 0.325 N/mm2
Depth required is
0.325x5000xd = 1330 (2350 - d)
d = 1057.7 mm
Check for bending:
Mulim = 0.138 x fCK x B x d2
= 0.138x25x5000x1057.72
= 19298.03 KN- m
Mu = qu x B x [(B-b)²/8] m
o
.c
= 0.266 x 5000x(5000-300)²/8
= 3672.46 KN-m < Mulim
Hence depth is safe.
Reinforcement:
a
m
Mu = 0.87xFy x Ast x d [1-Ast x Fy /B x d x Fck]
a
3672.46x106 = 0.87x415xAstx1057.7x [1- 415 x Ast x 1057.7 x [1-Ast x 415/(5000x1057.7x25)]
yn
3672.46x106 = 381882.58Ast-1.2Ast2
Ast = 9926.34 mm2
Spacing (S) =ast/Ast d
tu
= [(Л/4 x 20²)/9926.34] x5000
S
= 158.24 mm ~ 150 mm
Provide 20mm diameter bars at 150mm c/c.
Pt =Astx100/Sxd
= [(Л/4x20²)/(150x1057.7)] x100
= 0.198
From IS: 456-2000
τc = 0.323 N/mm2
τv =Vu/Bxd
=1330x(2350-1057.7)/(5000x1057.7)
= 0.325 N/mm2 > τc Hence it is safe.
Development length:
Ld = 0.87 fyɸ/4τbd
=(0.87x415x20)/(4x1.2x1.6)
= 940.23 m.
27 | P a g e
 3. DESIGN OF STAIRCASE:
General:
Staircase is a space where steps for going (rising) from one floor (height) to
another are arranged systematically in stairs (flights). A staircase may be of
different types depending upon the available space, convenience of users,
architectural considerations, etc. Functionally, staircase is an important component
of a building, and often the only means of access between the various floors in the
building. It consists of flights of steps, usually with one or more intermediate
landings (horizontal slab platforms) provided between the floor levels. The
horizontal top portion of a step (where the foot rests) is termed thread
and the vertical projection of the step (i.e., the vertical distance between two
neighboring steps) is called riser. Usually, the staircase may be provided near the
main entrance of the building. All staircases should be adequately ventilated and
properly designed.
Types of stair cases:
a) Straight stairs m
o
.c
b) Dog-legged stairs
c) Open-well stair case
d) Geometric staircase a
m
The loads on the landing could be taken equal to that on the steps but should
a
distribute equally. This load distribution is usually idealized as uniform over the
yn
entire span as donein the case of slabs.
d
The head room, i.e. the height between parallel flights or the height between a
tu
floor and landing, must be sufficient so that user may not have any difficulty
either in going or carrying useful furniture’s, luggage’s, etc. Minimum headroom of
S
2.1 m is essential.
The width of a flight shall not be less than 0.9 m so that users crossing each other
on a step may not collide. The maximum width may be fixed depending on traffic
and other considerations.
In this project work dog-legged staircase has been encountered. The rise and
thread are 150mm and 300mm respectively. The height of the floor is 3.0m, the
width of the staircase is 2.13 m and the length being 6.22 m. The complete design
of the staircase is presented. The staircase has 2 flights and one intermediate
landing. One edge of the flight is supported on the floor beam and the other on the
intermediate landing. The thickness of the waist slab is 250mm.
28 | P a g e
 Typical Design of Dog-legged Staircase:
General data:
According to the given plan, the stair hall measures 2.13 m x 6.22 m, Floor height is 3 m.
1. General arrangement of stair:
Let us keep width of each flight = 1.0 m
Height of each flight =3.0/2 = 1.50 m
Taking the Riser (R) = 0.15 m
No. of risers =1.5/0.15 = 10
Thread (T) = 0.30 m
T + 2R = 0.30 + (2 * 0.15) = 0.60 m, B/W 500 to 600 mm.
Hence OK.
No. of rises in each flight = 20/2 = 10
No. of threads in each flight = 10-1 = 9
Space occupied by threads = 9 * 0.30 = 2.70 m
Keep width of landing equal to 1.2 m (for residential buildings b/w 0.8 to 1.2 m)
Hence space left for passage = 6.22 - 2.7 – 1.2
= 2.32m
2. Computation of design constants:
For Fe 415 steel, fy = 415 N/mm2. m
o
.c
For M 20 concrete, fck = 25 N/mm2
(As per IS: 456-2000),
xu, max / d (for Fe 415 steel) = 0.48,
Ru = 0.36 fck xu, max/d (1 – 0.42 xu, max/d)
a
= 0.36 x 25 x 0.48 (1 – 0.42 x 0.48) m
= 3.44 KN-m a
yn
3. Computation of loading and B.M. :
The landing slab is assumed to span in the same direction as the stairs, and is considered as acting
d
together to form a single slab. Let the bearing of the landing slab in the wall be 160 mm. the
effective span,
tu
S
Effective span (l) = Going + Landing + support width/2
= 2.70 + 1.2 + 0.16/2
= 3.985 m ~ 4.0 m
Let the thickness of waist slab be equal to 150 mm (assumed at the rate of 40 to 50 mm per meter
span).
∴ Weight of slab w' on slope =(150/1000)x 1 x 1 x 25000 = 3750 N/mm2
Dead weight on horizontal area, w1 = w’ x √(R2 + T2)/2
= 3750 x√ (150)²+(300)²/300 = 4192.63 N/m2
Dead weight of steps is given by
w2 =R / (2 x 1000) x 1 x 1 x 25000 =150 / 2000 x 25000
w2 = 1875 N/m
∴ Total dead weight per m run = w1 + w2 = 4192.63 + 1875
Total load = 6067.63 N/m
Weight of finishing etc. = 100 N (assumed)
Live load = 3000 N
-----------------------------
29 | P a g e
Total w = 9167.63 N/m
wu = 1.5 x 9167.63 = 13751.44 ~ 13760 N/m
Note: The w on the landing portion will be 13760 – 1875 = 11885 N, since weight of
steps will not come on it. However, a uniform value of w has been adopted here.
Max. Bending moment = 13760 x L2/8 = 13760 x 4.0 x 4.0 / 8 = 27.52 x 106 N-m
4. Design of waist slab:
d = √(Mu/Ru x b )= √27.52 x10 ⁶/2.761x1000 = 99.83 mm
Adopt 150 mm overall depth. Using 20 mm nominal cover and 10 mm Ø bars,
Effective depth = 150 - 20 - 10/2 = 125 mm
5. Computation of reinforcement:
Since actual d provided is more than that required for B.M., we have an under-
reinforced section for which Ast = 0.5 fck/fy[1-√(1-.46Mu/fck bd²)] bxd
=0.5x20/415[1-√(1-4.6x27.52x10⁶/20x1000x125x125)]x 1000x 125 = 688.85 mm2.
Using 10 mm Ø bars having AØ = 78.54 mm2,
No. of bars required in 1.0 m width = 1.0 x 688.85/78.54
= 8.77 ~ 9 (say)
m
∴ Spacing of bars = 1000/9
o
.c
= 111 mm ~ 110 mm
a
Distribution reinforcement = Ast = 0.12x150x1000/100
= 180 mm2
m
Hence spacing of 8 mm Ø bars = 1000x50.3/180
a
yn
= 279.25 mm
The main reinforcement should be bent to follow the bottom profile of the
d
stair. However, if this pattern is followed near the landing, an angle will be formed
tu
in the bar. When the bar is stressed, it will try to throw off the concrete cover.
S
Hence near the landing, the bars are taken straight up and then bent in
compression zone of landing. In order to take tensile stresses in the landing
portion, it is desirable to use separate set of bars. However, since the B.M. is very
much reduced near the landing, only half the number of bars may be provided, i.e.,
provides 7 no. of 10 mm Ø bars. The length of each type of bar on either side of
crossing should be at least Ld = 47 Ø = 47 x 10 = 470 mm.
30 | P a g e
 ANALYSIS AND DESIGN RESULTS
Some of the sample analysis and design results have been shown below:
B E A M N O. 84 D E S I G N R E S U L T S
M25 Fe415 (Main) Fe415 (Sec.)
LENGTH: 3140.0 mm SIZE: 230.0 mm X 600.0 mm COVER: 25.0 mm
SUMMARY OF REINF. AREA (Sq.mm)

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SECTION 0.0 mm 785.0 mm 1570.0 mm 2355.0 mm 3140.0 mm
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOP 1626.32 726.15 267.10 0.00 0.00
REINF. (Sq. mm) (Sq. mm) (Sq. mm) (Sq. mm) (Sq. mm)
BOTTOM 103.56 0.00 264.98 538.26 970.26

REINF. (Sq. mm) (Sq. mm) (Sq. mm) (Sq. mm) (Sq. mm) m
o
.c
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SUMMARY OF PROVIDED REINF. AREA
SECTION 0.0 mm 785.0 mm a

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1570.0 mm 2355.0 mm 3140.0 mm
m
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOP 9-16í 4-16í
a
2-16í 2-16í 2-16í
REINF.
y n
2 layer(s) 1 layer(s) 1 layer(s) 1 layer(s) 1 layer(s)
BOTTOM 2-25í
d 1 2-25í
2-25í 2-25í 2-25í
REINF.
t
1 layer(s)
u1 layer(s) layer(s) 1 layer(s) 1 layer(s)
SHEAR S
2 legged 8í 2 legged 8í 2 legged 8í 2 legged 8í 2 legged 8í
REINF. @ 170 mm c/c @ 140 mm c/c @ 150 mm c/c @ 170 mm c/c @ 170 mm c/c
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
SHEAR DESIGN RESULTS AT DISTANCE d (EFFECTIVE DEPTH) FROM FACE
OF THE SUPPORT
SHEAR DESIGN RESULTS AT 1015.0 mm AWAY FROM START SUPPORT
VY = 147.37 MX = -8.71 LD= 11
Provide 2 Legged 12í @ 170 mm c/c
31 | P a g e
m
Fig. Geometry of beam no. 84 o
.c
a
m
a
yn
d
tu
S
Fig. Property of beam no. 84
32 | P a g e
m
o
.c
Fig : Shear bending of beam no. 84
a
m
a
yn
d
tu
S
Fig : Deflection of beam no. 84
33 | P a g e
B E A M N O. 105 D E S I G N R E S U L T S

LENGTH: 4720.0 mm SIZE: 230.0 mm X 600.0 mm COVER: 25.0 mm
SUMMARY OF REINF. AREA (Sq.mm)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SECTION 0.0 mm 1180.0 mm 2360.0 mm 3540.0 mm 4720.0 mm
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOP 268.52 0.00 0.00 0.00 268.52
BOTTOM 0.00 268.05 428.02 268.05 0.00

----------------------------------------------------------------------------m
o
.c 4720.0 mm
SUMMARY OF PROVIDED REINF. AREA
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
SECTION 0.0 mm 1180.0 mm 2360.0 mm
a 3540.0 mm
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOP 4-10í 2-10í m
2-10í 2-10í 4-10í
REINF. 1 layer(s) 1 layer(s)
a
1 layer(s) 1 layer(s) 1 layer(s)
BOTTOM 2-12í yn 14-12í

3-12í 3-12í 2-12í
REINF.
d
1 layer(s) 1 layer(s) layer(s) 1 layer(s) 1 layer(s)
t u
@S
SHEAR 2 legged 8í 2 legged 8í 2 legged 8í 2 legged 8í 2 legged 8í
REINF. 170 mm c/c @ 170 mm c/c @ 170 mm c/c @ 170 mm c/c @ 170 mm c/c
34 | P a g e
m
o
.c
Fig. Geometry of beam no. 105
a
m
a
yn
d
tu
S
Fig. Property of beam no. 105
35 | P a g e
m
o
.c
a
Fig. Shear bending of beam no. 105
m
a
yn
d
tu
S
Fig. Deflection of beam no. 105

36 | P a g e
C O L U M N N O. 9 D E S I G N R E S U L T S

LENGTH: 3000.0 mm CROSS SECTION: 900.0 mm X 300.0 mm COVER: 40.0 mm
REQD. STEEL AREA : 4551.85 Sq.mm.
REQD. CONCRETE AREA: 265448.16 Sq.mm.
MAIN REINFORCEMENT : Provide 16 - 20 dia. (1.86%, 5026.55 Sq.mm.)
(Equally distributed)
TIE REINFORCEMENT : Provide 8 mm dia. rectangular ties @ 300 mm c/c

SECTION CAPACITY BASED ON REINFORCEMENT REQUIRED (KNS-MET)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Puz : 4403.06 Muz1 : 83.51 Muy1 : 291.41
INTERACTION RATIO: 0.99 (as per Cl. 39.6, IS456:2000)
m
o
.c
a
m
a
yn
d
tu
S
Fig. Cross-Section of the column no. 9
37 | P a g e
C O L U M N N O. 24 D E S I G N R E S U L T S
LENGTH: 3000.0 mm CROSS SECTION: 230.0 mm X 480.0 mm COVER: 40.0 mm
** GUIDING LOAD CASE: 11 SHORT(Z) /BRACED LONG(Y)
REQD. STEEL AREA : 3439.19 Sq.mm.

REQD. CONCRETE AREA: 106960.81 Sq.mm.
MAIN REINFORCEMENT : Provide 8 - 25 dia. (3.56%, 3926.99 Sq.mm.)
(Equally distributed)
TIE REINFORCEMENT : Provide 8 mm dia. rectangular ties @ 230 mm c/c

SECTION CAPACITY BASED ON REINFORCEMENT REQUIRED (KNS-MET)
m
o
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
.c
Puz : 2273.76 Muz1 : 122.74 Muy1 : 47.95
INTERACTION RATIO: 0.97 (as per Cl. 39.6, IS456:2000)
a
m
a
yn
d
tu
S
Fig. Cross-Section of the column no. 24
38 | P a g e
CONCLUSION
1. This project is mainly concentrated with the analysis and design of multi-storied
residential building with all possible cases of the loadings using STAAD.Pro meeting
the design challenges are described in conceptual way.
2. We may also check the deflection of various members under the given loading
combinations.
3. Further in case of rectification it is simple to change the values at the place
where error occurred and the obtained results are generated in the output.
4. Very less space is required for the storage of the data.
5. STAAD.Pro V8i an advanced software which provides us a fast, efficient, easy to
use and accurate platform for analyzing and designing structures.
m
o
.c
a
m
a
yn
d
tu
S
39 | P a g e
REFERNCES
IS: 875 (Part 1) – 1987 for Dead Loads, Indian Standard Code Of Practice for
Design Loads (Other Than Earthquake) For Buildings and Structures, Bureau of
Indian Standards, Manak Bhavan, 9 Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi 110002.
IS: 875 (Part 2) – 1987 for Imposed Loads, Indian Standard Code Of Practice
for Design Loads (Other Than Earthquake) For Buildings and Structures, Bureau of
IS: 875 (Part 3) – 1987 for Wind Loads, Indian Standard Code Of Practice for
Design Loads (Other Than Earthquake) For Buildings And Structures, Bureau of
IS: 875 (Part 5) – 1987 for Special Loads and Combinations, Indian Standard
Code Of Practice for Design Loads (Other Than Earthquake) For Buildings and
Structures, Bureau of Indian Standards, Manak Bhavan, 9 Bahadur Shah Zafar
Marg, New Delhi 110002.
m
IS 1893 (Part 1)-2002, Indian Standard Criteria for Earthquake Resistant
o
Design of Structures, (Part 1-General Provisions and Buildings), Bureau of Indian
.c
Standards, Manak Bhavan, 9 Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi 110002.
a
IS 456-2000, Indian standard code of practice for plain and reinforced concrete
m
(fourth revision), Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi, July 2000.
a
SP: 16-1980, Design aids for reinforced concrete to IS: 456, Bureau of Indian
yn
standards, New Delhi, 1980.
d
SP: 34-1987, Hand Book of Concrete Reinforcement and Detailing, Bureau of
tu
Indian Standards, New Delhi, 1987.
Pilli, S.U. And Menon .D, “Reinforced concrete design”, Second edition, Tata Mc
S
Graw Hill Publishing Company Limited, New Delhi, 2003. Jain, A.K. “Reinforced
Concrete – Limit State Design”, Sixth edition, New Chand & Bros, Roorkee, 2002.
40 | P a g e

Final Project - Analyze and Design A Multi-Storied Building

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Final Project - Analyze and Design A Multi-Storied Building

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To analyze and design a multi-storied

building for the usage of residential

Title Page No.

2. About the Project 6

3. ANALYSIS OF STILT + G + 4 RCC FRAMED BUILDING 7-9

4. DESIGN OF [STILT + G + 4] RCC FRAMED BUILDING 10-11

5. STAAD.Pro INPUT COMMAND FILE 12-20

7. ANALYSIS AND DESIGN RESULTS a 31-38

We have chosen STAAD Pro because of its following advantages:

Statement of the Project:

Physical parameters of building:

Fig.3 : Input window for Generation of member property

FC: Compressive Strength of concrete

mshear and torsion

TAKE OFF : Print the total y

 One way slabs:

Check for Deflection:

Depth of the footing required:

Design of ISOLATED FOOTING:

M25 Fe415 (Main) Fe415 (Sec.)

LENGTH: 3140.0 mm SIZE: 230.0 mm X 600.0 mm COVER: 25.0 mm

SUMMARY OF REINF. AREA (Sq.mm)

BOTTOM 103.56 0.00 264.98 538.26 970.26

SECTION 0.0 mm 785.0 mm a

Fig. Property of beam no. 84

Fig : Deflection of beam no. 84

M25 Fe415 (Main) Fe415 (Sec.)

SUMMARY OF REINF. AREA (Sq.mm)

BOTTOM 0.00 268.05 428.02 268.05 0.00

BOTTOM 2-12í yn 14-12í

Fig. Property of beam no. 105

Fig. Deflection of beam no. 105

M25 Fe415 (Main) Fe415 (Sec.)

TIE REINFORCEMENT : Provide 8 mm dia. rectangular ties @ 300 mm c/c

Fig. Cross-Section of the column no. 9

M25 Fe415 (Main) Fe415 (Sec.)

LENGTH: 3000.0 mm CROSS SECTION: 230.0 mm X 480.0 mm COVER: 40.0 mm

** GUIDING LOAD CASE: 11 SHORT(Z) /BRACED LONG(Y)

REQD. STEEL AREA : 3439.19 Sq.mm.

TIE REINFORCEMENT : Provide 8 mm dia. rectangular ties @ 230 mm c/c

Fig. Cross-Section of the column no. 24

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