General Strategy to produce a transgenic plant

Approaches for the production of transgenic plant remains the same

only the gene of interest cloned will be changed. Here, we are giving
multiple examples of genes used, you can remember anyone for the
production of transgenic herbicide/ drought resistant plants.
Production of herbicide resistant transgenic plant
Normal pathway showing the action of herbicide which inactivates
an enzyme of pathway required for cell survival in the weed plant

NZ- any enzyme in the pathway where any herbicide attack.

Pathway showing the mutated enzyme on which no action of
herbicide and the strategy used to produce herbicide resistant
plant.
Production of Drought/Frost resistant transgenic plant

Transgenic plants increased glycine betaine production and enhanced plant tolerance to
drought by improving photosynthesis

Characteristics Of Drought Resistant Plants

1. Early closure or stomata:

2. Increased photosynthetic efficiency:
3. Low rate of cuticular transpiration:
4. Deposits of lipid layers:
5. Reduction in leaf area:
6. Waxy leaf surface:
7. Stomatal frequency and location:
8. Effect of awns:
The Awned varieties of wheat barley etc. can thrive well under stress
conditions as the awns contain chloroplasts & stomata & can continue
photosynthetic activities even when the stomata on leaves get closed during
day time.

9. Accelerating water uptake:

The water uptake by plants in increased efficiently due to following plant
characteristics.

i) Efficient root system:

i) Extensive root system
ii) Deeper root system
iii) Secondary root etc.
iv) Ability of roots to go towards available water
v) Ability of roots to penetrate in soil

ii) High root to top ratio:

1. Transpiring surface is reduced.
2. Water absorbing surface is increased.
3. High osmotic pressure: Under stress conditions the osmotic (Low osmotic
potential) potential in roots and aboveground plant parts in reduced resulting
increased water movement through soil and plant.
Approaches for the production of transgenic plant remains the same
only the gene of interest cloned will be changed. Here, we are giving
multiple examples of genes used, you can remember anyone. (same
strategy will be used in the case for herbicide resistant plant
production).