https://power-mi.

com/content/industrial-machinery-vibration

Industrial machinery vibration | Power-MI

Aug 21, 2023 2:12 PM

https://power-mi.com/content/industrial-machinery-vibration
  Product Learn Sign Try English

Vibration analysis fundamentals

Power-MI in it

free

Industrial machinery
vibration
By Alfonso Fernandez

Introduction to maintenance

Vibration analysis fundamentals

Vibration analysis basic concepts

Industrial machinery vibration

Study of vibration

Vibration sensors and measurement devices

Vibration standards

Imbalance and phase measurement

Low frequency fault diagnosis

Plain bearings

Gears
Rolling element bearings

AC induction motors

Resonance

Complex vibration
A complex vibration is the sum of several simple vibrations. The vibration of a
machine is a complex vibration composed of a series of simple vibrations associated
with its moving internal components. With this in mind, it is clear that, in general, the
vibration waveform of a machine is not a sinusoidal signal, on the contrary, can
become very complex.

As shown in Figure 2.5, two vibration signals with different frequencies can be added
forming a complex vibration. Even in cases as simple as this, it is not easy to obtain
the frequencies and amplitudes of the two components from the resulting waveform.
The vast majority of vibration signals are much more complex than this and can be
extremely difficult to interpret.

Figure 2.5: Time domain sum of simple vibration

The most common situation in rotating machinery is that it is not easy to obtain
information regarding the internal operation of the machine through the waveform,
although in certain cases the analysis of the waveform can be very useful, as it is
described later.
 

Other types of vibration

In addition to simple vibration, there are also other types of vibration such as random
vibration, intermittent impacts and modulation.

Random vibration does not meet special patterns that are constantly repeated or it is
too difficult to detect where a cycle begins and where it ends. These vibrations are
generally associated with turbulence in blowers and pumps, lubrication problems and
metal-to-metal contact in rolling elements or cavitation in pumps (see Figure 2.6).
These types of patterns are usually best interpreted in the spectrum than in the
waveform.

Figure 2.6: Random vibration

Intermittent beats are associated with continuous beats that create a repetitive
signal. These are most commonly found in gears, rolling element bearings, in the
pass of impeller or fan blades, etc. This type of signal tends to die due to the
damping of the medium. This phenomenon is clearly shown in Figure 2.7.
Figure 2.7: Intermittent beats

Amplitude modulation (AM) is the amplitude variation of a signal, due to the

influence of another signal, generally, of lower frequency. The frequency being
modulated is called the carrier frequency. In the spectrum shown in Figure 2.8, the
most important component is the carrier, and the other components, which look like
if they were harmonics, are called sidebands. These sidebands are located
symmetrically on each side of the carrier, and their distance is equal to the
modulating frequency.

Figure 2.8: Amplitude modulation

Amplitude modulation occurs in machine vibration spectra, especially in gearboxes,
where the gear frequency is modulated by the RPM of the pinion or the crown as you
can see below.

IN THIS PAGE:

Complex
vibration
Other types
of vibration
Random
vibration
Intermittent
beats
Amplitude
modulation

Previous Next

 Vibration analysis basic Study of vibration 

concepts
Condition monitoring platform Learn Legal

See all features Vibration analysis Terms of service

Download brochure Visual inspection Privacy notice

Power-MI Workplace hazards

Support

Sign in Give feedback

Try it free Blog

Contact

Maintenance Intelligence LLC

18501 Pines Blvd, Suite 3018
Pembroke Pines, FL 33029
United States
+1 954-378-9094
contact@power-mi.com

Copyright © 2023, Power-MI. All rights reserved.