Technical

Bulletin_____________________________________________________________________

HTH* Dry Chlorinator for Use in:

CLEANING & SANITIZING

Advantages of HTH∗Dry Chlorinator: HTH* Dry Chlorinator, which contains 68% available
chlorine, is calcium hypochlorite, one of the most effective sanitizers known. It is convenient, easy to use and
handle, doesn't require expensive, complex metering equipment or large storage tanks, and doesn't lose strength
rapidly during storage. Be sure to comply with all government regulations for use.

CONTENTS among them is dictated by the shape and size of the

GENERAL SANITIZATION PRACTICE _____1
Non-Porous Food Contact Surfaces_______________1
Rinse Method________________________________1
Immersion Method____________________________1
Flow/Pressure Method _________________________2
Clean-in-Place Method ________________________2
Spray/Fog Method ____________________________2
Non-Porous Non-Food Contact Surfaces __________2
Porous Surfaces -- Non-Food Contact_____________3
Porous Surfaces --Food Contact _________________3
MOLD & MILDEW REMOVAL ____________3
Preparation of Aqueous Solution for Mildew _______3
Stability ____________________________________3
Determination of pH __________________________4
Determination of Calcium Hypochlorite and Total
Alkalinity ___________________________________4
Calculations ________ Error! Bookmark not defined.
RESTAURANT UTENSILS_________________5
LAUNDRY SANITIZERS __________________6
Household Laundry Sanitizers___________________6
Commercial Laundry Sanitizers _________________6
ASPHALT OR WOOD ROOFS AND SIDINGS 6
RELATED INFORMATION ________________6
surface requiring treatment.
Rinse Method
A solution of 100 ppm available chlorine may be used in
the sanitizing solution if a chlorine test kit is available.
Solutions containing an initial concentration of 100 ppm
available chlorine must be tested and adjusted
periodically to insure that the available chlorine does not
drop below 50 ppm. Prepare a 100 ppm sanitizing
solution by thoroughly mixing 15 grams of this product
with 100 liters of water (1 oz./ 40 gallons). If no test kit is
available, prepare a sanitizing solution by thoroughly
mixing 15 grams of this product with 50 liters (1 oz./20
gallons) of water to provide approximately 200 ppm
available chlorine by weight.
Clean equipment surfaces in the normal manner. Prior to
use, rinse all surfaces thoroughly with the sanitizing
solution, maintaining contact with the sanitizer for at least
2 minutes. If solution contains less than 50 ppm available
chlorine, as determined by a suitable test kit, either
discard the solution or add sufficient product to
reestablish a 200 ppm residual. Do not rinse equipment
with water after treatment and do not soak equipment
overnight. Sanitizers used in automated systems may be
used for general cleaning but may not be reused for
sanitizing purposes.

GENERAL SANITIZATION PRACTICE Immersion Method

Non-Porous Food Contact Surfaces A solution of 100 ppm available chlorine may be used in
The five methods described below may be used to the sanitizing solution if a chlorine test kit is available.
sanitize non-porous food contact surfaces. The choice Solutions containing an initial concentration of 100 ppm
 2000 Arch Chemicals *HTH is a registered trademark of Arch Chemicals, Inc. HTHADS00-6
Arch Chemicals, Inc 1/00
501 Merritt 7, P.O. Box 5204, Norwalk, CT 06856-5204 USA
available chlorine must be tested and adjusted
periodically to insure that the available chlorine does not
drop below 50 ppm. Prepare a 100 ppm sanitizing
solution by thoroughly mixing 15 grams of this product
with 100 liters of water (1 oz./ 40 gallons). If no test kit is
available, prepare a sanitizing solution by thoroughly
mixing 15 grams of this product with 50 liters (1 oz./20
gallons) of water to provide approximately 200 ppm
available chlorine by weight.
Clean equipment in the normal manner. Prior to use,
immerse equipment in the sanitizing solution for at least 2
minutes and allow the sanitizer to drain. If solution
contains less than 50 ppm available chlorine, as
determined by a suitable test kit, either discard the
solution or add sufficient product to reestablish a 200
ppm residual. Do not rinse equipment with water after
treatment.
Sanitizers used in automated systems may be used for
general cleaning but may not be reused for sanitizing
purposes.
Flow/Pressure Method
Disassemble equipment and thoroughly clean after use.
Assemble equipment in operating position prior to use.
Prepare a volume of a 200 ppm available chlorine
sanitizing solution equal to 110 % of volume capacity of
the equipment by mixing the product in a ratio of 15
grams product with 50 liters of water (1 oz. product with
20 gallons of water. ) Pump solution through the system
until full flow is obtained at all extremities, the system is
completely filled with the sanitizer and all air is removed
from the system. Close drain valves and hold under
pressure for at least 2 minutes to insure contact with all
internal surfaces. Remove some cleaning solution from
drain valve and test with a chlorine test kit. Repeat entire
cleaning/sanitizing process if effluent contains less than
50 ppm available chlorine.
Clean-in-Place Method
Thoroughly clean equipment after use. Prepare a volume
of a 200 ppm available chlorine sanitizing solution equal
to 110 % of volume capacity of the equipment by mixing
the product in a ratio of 15 grams product with 50 liters of
water (1 oz. product with 20 gallons of water.) Pump
solution through the system until full flow is obtained at
all extremities, the system is completely filled with the
sanitizer and all air is removed from the system. Close
drain valves and hold under pressure for at least 10
minutes to insure contact with all internal surfaces.
Remove some cleaning solution from drain valve and test
with a chlorine test kit. Repeat entire cleaning/ sanitizing
process if effluent contains less than 50 ppm available
chlorine.
Cleaning & Sanitizing
Spray/Fog Method
Preclean all surfaces after use. Use a 200 ppm available
chlorine solution to control bacteria, mold or fungi and a
600 ppm solution to control bacteriophage. Prepare a 200
ppm sanitizing solution of sufficient size by thoroughly
mixing the product in a ratio of 30 grams of product with
100 liters of water. Prepare a 600 ppm solution by
thoroughly mixing the product in a ratio of 90 grams
product with 100 liters of water (3 oz. product with 20
gallons of water.) Use spray or fogging equipment which
can resist hypochlorite solutions. Always empty and rinse
spray/fog equipment with potable water after use.
Thoroughly spray or fog all surfaces until wet, allowing
excess sanitizer to drain. Vacate area for at least 2 hours.
Prior to using equipment, rinse all surfaces treated with a
600 ppm solution with a 200 ppm solution.
Non-Porous Non-Food Contact Surfaces
RINSE METHOD
Prepare a sanitizing solution by thoroughly mixing 30
grams of HTH® Dry Chlorinator with 100 liters of water
to provide approximately 200 ppm available chlorine by
weight. Clean equipment surfaces in the normal manner.
Prior to use, rinse all surfaces thoroughly with the
sanitizing solution, maintaining contact with the sanitizer
for at least 2 minutes. Do not rinse equipment with water
after treatment and do not soak equipment overnight.
These surfaces may be disinfected by increasing the
solution strength to 600 ppm available chlorine and
increasing the contact time to 10 minutes. Once again, do
not rinse with water and do not soak equipment
overnight.
IMMERSION METHOD
Prepare a sanitizing solution by thoroughly mixing, in a
immersion tank, 30 grams of HTH Dry Chlorinator with
100 liters of water to provide approximately 200 ppm
available chlorine by weight. Clean equipment in the
normal manner. Prior to use, immerse equipment in the
sanitizing solution for at least 2 minutes and allow the
sanitizer to drain. Do not rinse equipment with water after
treatment.
To disinfect with this method, increase solution strength
to 600 ppm and increase contact time to 10 minutes or
more. Do not rinse.
SPRAY/FOG METHOD - Preclean all surfaces after
use. Prepare a 200 ppm available chlorine sanitizing
solution of sufficient size by thoroughly mixing 30 grams
HTH Dry Chlorinator with 100 liters of water. Use spray
or fogging equipment which can resist hypochlorite
solutions. Prior to using equipment, thoroughly spray or
fog all surfaces until wet, allowing excess sanitizer to
drain. Vacate area for at least 2 hours.
Page 2
Porous Surfaces -- Non-Food Contact
RINSE METHOD - Prepare a sanitizing solution by
thoroughly mixing 90 gramsof HTH Dry Chlorinator with
100 liters of water to provide approximately 600 ppm
available chlorine by weight. Clean surfaces in the normal
manner. Prior to use, rinse all surfaces thoroughly with
the sanitizing solution, maintaining contact with the
sanitizer for at least 2 minutes. Do not rinse equipment
with water after treatment and do not soak equipment
overnight.
IMMERSION METHOD - Prepare a sanitizing solution
by thoroughly mixing, in an immersion tank, 90 grams
HTH Dry Chlorinator with 100 liters of water to provide
approximately 600 ppm available chlorine by weight.
Clean equipment in the normal manner. Prior to use,
immerse equipment in the sanitizing solution for at least 2
minutes and allow the sanitizer to drain. Do not rinse
equipment with water after treatment.
SPRAY/FOG METHOD - After cleaning, sanitize
non-food contact surfaces with 600 ppm available
chlorine by thoroughly mixing the product in a ratio of 90
grams of HTH Dry Chlorinator to 100 liters of water. Use
spray or fogging equipment which can resist hypochlorite
solutions. Always empty and rinse spray/fog equipment
with potable water after use. Prior to using equipment,
thoroughly spray or fog all surfaces until wet, allowing
excess sanitizer to drain. Vacate area for at least 2 hours.
Porous Surfaces --Food Contact
Each of the methods above may be improved to assure
sanitization for food contact. After the 600 ppm
treatments described above, rinse the equipment with a
solution containing 200 ppm available chlorine prior to
using the equipment. Do not rinse with water or soak
overnight.
MOLD & MILDEW REMOVAL
HTH Dry Chlorinator is effective in killing and
removing mildew and fungi, and in preventing their
growth. The following information is a reference guide
to help prepare formulations containing HTH Dry
Chlorinator for their control. All commercial sanitizers
sold for biocidal applications must be registered with the
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Arch
Chemicals has produced HTH Dry Chlorinator for over
50 years and has obtained registration for many of these
applications. Some of them are presented here, but if
your specific needs are not included, contact your nearest
Arch Chemicals sales office. Additional data are on file,
or we may be able to help you obtain the necessary
government registrations.
Cleaning & Sanitizing
Preparation of Aqueous Solution for Mildew
To make up a 3.5% available chlorine solution, use the
following for each 100 liters or gallons of water:
Ingredients Quantity
Tap Water (liters) 100

HTH Dry Chlorinator, 5.4
granular (kgs)
Caustic Solution, 50% 0.38
(kgs)
Directions
Add the required volume of tap water to the dissolving
tank. With the exhaust fan operating, gradually add the
proper amount of granular HTH Dry Chlorinator to the
water, while agitating by means of a sparge line. (A
corrosion resistant agitator shaft and blade may be used
instead of a sparge line.)
Then add the required amount of caustic solution to the
HTH chlorine solution, while agitating. Depending on
the degree of agitation, continue to mix for one to two
hours. After mixing, stop the agitation and let the small
amount of insolubles settle to the bottom.
For the next step, you'll need a special test kit designed to
measure available chlorine. (Arch Chemicals can
recommend one appropriate for your application.) Test
for available chlorine in the clear upper solution to see if
all the HTH Dry Chlorinator is in solution. A low level
of available chlorine may indicate the need for additional
mixing. If necessary, repeat mixing.
Allow insolubles to settle out for four to six hours or
overnight. Then pump the upper solution through the
filter to the holding tank. While pumping, place the
transfer line into the solution above the insolubles which
are on the bottom of the dissolving tank.
Check the quality of the solution in the holding tank by
determining the temperature, percent of available chlorine
and the pH.
Stability
The stability of solutions containing HTH Dry
Chlorinator, in general, depends on five factors:
• Concentration of HTH Dry Chlorinator
• Concentration of certain catalysts
• Total alkalinity or pH value of the solution
• Temperature of the solution
Page 3

• Exposure to sunlight
Copper, nickel and cobalt are catalysts of decomposition.
Copper from brass, bronze or copper fittings, and nickel
from stainless steel equipment may find their way into the
solution. Cobalt, which has the least effect, is not likely
to be encountered. If aluminum, copper, iron, nickel and
other impurities are avoided while preparing the solution,
decomposition will be minimized. Decomposition can
also be retarded by controlling the alkalinity of the
solution with excess caustic soda. (In strong hypochlorite
solutions, it is customary to refer to "excess total
alkalinity".)
The quality of an HTH Dry Chlorinator solution
depends greatly on its stability, which is enhanced under
the following conditions:
• As little iron, copper and nickel as possible
• Low concentrations of HTH Dry Chlorinator
• pH of about 12
• Excess total alkalinity of 0.15% to 0.20% as NaOH
• Storage at low temperatures, in containers which
are opaque to light, for maximum shelf life.
Determination of pH
The most practical method of determining the pH of HTH
chlorine solutions is by using a glass electrode and pH
meter. Use high-alkalinity electrodes for the
measurement. The pH meter should be standardized
before measuring the pH of the sample solution.
Commercial standard buffer solutions covering the
various pH ranges may be used.
Determination of Calcium Hypochlorite and
Total Alkalinity
Hypochlorite and total alkalinity are determined on the
same sample by adding a measured excess of standard
acid, titrating the hypochlorite with standard thiosulfate,
and backtitrating the excess of acid with standard alkali.
Calculations
ml Thio A x N x 3.5746
% Ca ( OCl ) 2 =
g of sample
Cleaning & Sanitizing
Equations:
( Eq. 1) Ca(OCl) 2 + 4 KI + 4 HCl →
CaCl 2 + 4 KCl + 2 I 2 + 2 H2 O
(Eq. 2) Ca(OH) 2 + 2 HCl → CaCl 2 + 2 H 2 O
(Eq. 3) 2I 2 + 4 Na 2S2 O 3 → 2 Na 2S 4 O 6 + 4 NaI
(Eq. 4) HCl (Excess) + NaOH → NaCl + H 2 O
Reagents:
• Sodium thiosulfate (Na2S2O3), standard 0.1 N
solution
• Potassium iodide (KI), granular, neutral or A.C.S.
reagent grade
• Hydrochloric acid (HCl), standard 0.1 N solution
• Sodium hydroxide (NaOH), standard 0.1 N solution
• Starch indicator, 0.5% solution
• Bromcresol green indicator, 0.1% solution
• Glacial acetic acid (used for calcium hypochlorite
testing only and not for total alkalinity)
Procedures:
Accurately weigh out a 3.5 gram sample of the solution
and transfer to a 500 ml Erlenmeyer flask. Dilute with
about 100 ml of distilled H2O. Add 2 grams KI crystals
(neutral); mix, then add from a buret sufficient volume of
standard 0.1 N HCl to provide an excess over that
required by reaction equations 1 and 2 (50 ml is usually
sufficient). Record the volume of acid used as "ml HCl".
Immediately titrate the liberated iodine with standard 0.1
N Na2S2O3 adding 2 ml of starch indicator solution when
most of the yellow iodine color has disappeared.
Carefully finish the titration until the blue starch-iodide
color just disappears. Record the volume of solution used
as “ml Thio A”.
Add 5 drops of bromcresol green indicator solution and
titrate the excess HCl with standard 0.1 N NaOH to the
end point when the color just turns from greenish-blue to
blue. Record the volume of solution used as “ml NaOH”.
Page 4
 ml Thio A × N × 3.5453
% Av. Cl. (as Cl 2 ) =
g of sample
% Total
(ml HCl × N) ≤ [(ml Thio A × N) + (ml NaOH × N)] × 4.0
Alkalinity =
g of sample
as NaOH

Figure 1
Schematic Flow Diagram for Preparing HTH Chlorine Solution

Equipment Other: Centrifugal Transfer Pumps (corrosion-resistant,

A. Dissolving Tank with Lid (polyethylene) plastic or lined)
B. Sparge Line (polyethylene or polyvinyl chloride) Plug Valves and Pipe (polyvinyl chloride)
C. Filter (5 micron)
D. Solution Holding Tank with Lid (polyethylene)

Analytical Notes:
1. If a pure blue color appears before the addition of
sodium hydroxide solution, there is no excess acid to be
titrated. The total alkalinity cannot be determined on this
sample and the thiosulfate titration is probably low.
Discard the sample and the results. Weigh out a fresh
sample and treat as before but use a larger volume (75
ml) of standard 0.1 N HCl solution.
2. If percent calcium hypochlorite only is desired, the use
of standard HCl is unnecessary. Simply follow the
addition of KI by the addition of 10 ml glacial acetic acid.
Then titrate the liberated iodine as described above.
Record the volume of standard thiosulfate used as "ml
Thio A" and calculate % Ca(OCl)2 or % available
chlorine as shown.

RESTAURANT UTENSILS
Solutions of HTH Dry Chlorinator containing 100 ppm
available chlorine will kill bacteria on dishes, glasses and
other eating utensils.
Fresh HTH chlorine solutions should be prepared each
morning and as frequently as necessary during the day.
Cold or warm water may be used. The solution should
never be allowed to fall below 50 ppm available chlorine.

Cleaning & Sanitizing Page 5


Small quantities of this solution can be prepared by
adding 1 level teaspoon of HTH Dry Chlorinator to 20
liters or 5 gallons of water, or 1 level tablespoon of HTH
Dry Chlorinator to 60 liters or 15 gallons of water. (Be
sure to use a spoon that is completely dry and clean.)
Before treatment, clean all utensils thoroughly. Then
immerse them in the HTH chlorine solution.
LAUNDRY SANITIZERS
Household Laundry Sanitizers
IN SOAKING SUDS - Thoroughly mix 15 gm. of HTH
Dry Chlorinator in 50 liters of wash water to provide 200
ppm available chlorine. Wait 5 minutes, then add soap or
detergent. Immerse laundry for at least 11 minutes prior
starting the wash/rinse cycle.
IN WASHING SUDS - Thoroughly mix 15 gm. of HTH
Dry Chlorinator in 50 liters of wash water con-taining
clothes to provide 200 ppm available chlorine. Wait 5
minutes, then add soap or detergent and start the
wash/rinse cycle.
Commercial Laundry Sanitizers
Wet fabrics or clothes should be spun dry prior to
sanitization. Thoroughly mix 30 gramsof HTH Dry
Chlorinator in 100 liters of water to yield 200 ppm
available chlorine. Promptly after mixing the sanitizer,
add the solution into the prewash prior to washing
fabrics/clothes in the regular wash cycle with a good
detergent. Test the level of available chlorine if solution
has been allowed to stand. Add more of this product if the
available chlorine level has dropped below 200 ppm.
ASPHALT OR WOOD ROOFS AND
SIDINGS
To control fungus and mildew, first remove all physical
soil by brushing and hosing with clean water, and apply a
5000 ppm available chlorine solution. Mix 75 grams of
HTH Dry Chlorinator with 10 liters of water and brush
or spray roof or siding. After 30 minutes, rinse by hosing
with clean water.
RELATED INFORMATION
HTH Dry Chlorinator -- Product Data Bulletin
AD 6158-297

Please refer to the Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for complete information on Storage and Handling,
Toxicological Properties, Personal Protection, First Aid, Spill and Leak Procedures, and Waste Disposal. To order
an MSDS, call your Arch Chemicals sales office. Review the MSDS thoroughly before handling product.

 2000 Arch Chemicals *HTH is a registered trademark of Arch Chemicals, Inc. HTHADS00-6
Arch Chemicals, Inc 1/00
501 Merritt 7, P.O. Box 5204, Norwalk, CT 06856-5204 USA
This bulletin and the information and statements contained in it are offered to the reader for its consideration. The
reader relies on the statements made herein at its own risk, and should conduct its own independent investigation
and verification of such statements and information, including without limitation statements regarding dosages and
usage of the product described. Conditions at User's facility(ies) may vary and may require different usage or
quantities. ARCH CHEMICALS, INC. MAKES NO REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY HEREIN EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED WITH RESPECT TO ANY PRODUCT OR ITS PROPER USE. ARCH DISCLAIMS ANY AND ALL
WARRANTIES IMPLIED BY LAW OR ACTION, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE WITH RESPECT TO ANY PRODUCT OR
ITS USE. SHOULD ARCH CHEMICALS, INC. BE FOUND RESPONSIBLE FOR ANY CLAIM WITH RESPECT
TO A PRODUCT OR ITS USE, WHETHER SUCH CLAIM IS BASED ON NEGLIGENCE, CONTRACT OR
OTHERWISE, ARCH CHEMICALS, INC.'S LIABILITY SHALL BE LIMITED TO THE SALES PRICE RECEIVED
BY ARCH FROM THE PARTY CLAIMING DAMAGES FOR THE PRODUCT WITH RESPECT TO WHICH
DAMAGES ARE CLAIMED. FURTHER, ARCH CHEMICALS, INC. SHALL NOT BE RESPONSIBLE FOR ANY
INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION ANY CLAIM BY A
THIRD PARTY AGAINST THE READER, IN CONNECTION WITH ANY PRODUCT OR ITS USE. The User of
any product accepts full responsibility for compliance with all applicable federal, state and local laws and
regulations. Nothing contained herein will be construed to constitute permission or a recommendation to use the
product in any process or formulation covered by a patent or patent application owned by Arch Chemicals, Inc. or
by others. No statements or representations which differ from the above shall be binding upon Arch Chemicals,
Inc. unless contained in a duly executed written agreement.

 2000 Arch Chemicals *HTH is a registered trademark of Arch Chemicals, Inc. HTHADS00-6
Arch Chemicals, Inc 1/00
501 Merritt 7, P.O. Box 5204, Norwalk, CT 06856-5204 USA