Flux: initially the flux is t a maximum to the right, Transformer: VpIp=VsIs

after a quarter turn this decreases to zero, then Vp/Vs=Np/Ns

increases to a maximum in the opposite direction IpIs=Ns/Np
through the coil, then decreases to zero, the returns If we have more wires on the primary than secondary -
to the maximum to the right after a full rotation >more voltage and less current on primary than
secondary -> step down transformer. Vp>VS. decreases
the secondary voltage compared to primary.
To achieve change in flux: Calculating (RMS) values:
If we have more coils on the secondary will create step up
Changing the strength of magnetic field Voltage, VRMS= Vp/1.414
transformer -> increases the secondary voltage
Changing the area of the coil Current, IRMS= Ip/1.414
Rotating the coil Transformer: Relies on having primary, secondary coil and
EMF can be increase: iron core.
Bigger magnetic field
Bigger area of the coil Dependent on AC input
More loops in the coil
Faster change in flux = smaller time Magnetic field is bent around from primary coil through
the secondary coil and changes in the flux through that
Direction of EMF: RMS to powersecondary coil -> induce a current and voltage in the
Identify whether the magnetic flux is increasing Pavg= VRMS*IRMS
secondary coil.
or decreasing. 2RMS/R
Identify the direction of the original magnetic V
Pavg =
If DC input instead of Ac input -> magnetic field still be
field (up, down, into the page, etc) Pavg = 2RMS*R
I produced by primary coil but will be constant. Hence no
Identify the direction of induced magnetic field: if change in flux through secondary coil. Since no change in
flux is increasing ->the magnetic field is in the flux, no EMF will be induced -> no voltage, no current
opposite direction. If flux is decreasing -> the
created in secondary coil. Law of induction:
magnetic field is in the direction as the original P=VI
field V=IR flux
Apply the right-hand coil rule, with thumb E=−N
pointing in the direction of the induced field.
P=V^2/R
time
Transmission of power: As the electricity passes through
0.001tesla = 1 militesla the wires, this causes the wire to heat up, resulting in
0.001Volts = 1 miliVolts power loss and decrease on the voltage that is available
1 kilo volts = 1000 volts at the load.
0.01m = 1cm
1 mega tesla = 1000000 tesla Power loss can be reduced by lowering the current in the
1 ms = 0.001 s line.
1 kA = 1000A
To convert km/h to m/s -> P loss = I^2R
divide by 3.6
Voltage drop = I*R

To calculate total voltage supplied

V supply= V load + V drop

To calculate difference between voltage

V difference = V supply – V drop