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Aug 21, 2023 2:19 PM

https://power-mi.com/content/piezoelectric-transducers
Vibration sensors and measurement devices

Piezoelectric transducers
By Alfonso Fernandez

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Transducer typologies
Description free

Velometer sensors
Displacement
Advantages
Seismic velocity transducers
Disadvantages
Piezoelectric transducers

Sensor mounting techniques

Vibration measuring instruments

Vibration standards

Imbalance and phase measurement

Low frequency fault diagnosis

Plain bearings

Gears
Rolling element bearings

AC induction motors

Resonance

This type of transducer generates an electric voltage that is proportional to

acceleration, due to the pressure applied on a piezoelectric crystal. A piezoelectric
accelerometer can accurately measure signals between 1 Hz and 15,000 Hz. These
devices are well suited for taking high-frequency vibration data, where large forces
with relatively small displacements have to be detected. Some special transducers
can measure much lower frequencies and also much higher frequencies. The
collection of vibration data at high frequencies is conditioned by the attaching
method of the transducer to the machine.

Figure 3.6: Piezoelectric accelerometer

Figure 3.7: Piezoelectric transducer components

A piezoelectric velometer is constructed just like an accelerometer, but with a signal

amplifier that performs an integration of the signal. Since this stage of integration is
done inside the velometer, the signal output is given directly in velocity units. The
velometer takes advantage of the good frequency response characteristics of an
accelerometer, so that it generates a linear output over a much larger frequency
range than the seismic velocity transducer.

Advantages of the piezoelectric transducer:

Most sensors have a wide frequency range, usually between 2 Hz and 15,000 Hz.
It should be noted that the frequency response is conditioned by the sensor
mounting method in the machine.

These transducers are very compact, without moving parts, light and small,
needing small magnetic bases for temporary mounting.

An external signal conditioner is not required for the ICP (Integrated Circuit
Piezoelectric) transducer type. Although ICP is a registered trademark of PCB
Piezotronics Inc., it has become a generic term for an accelerometer with
integrated amplifier. They are also often referred to more precisely as voltage
mode accelerometers.

Can be easily mounted with adhesive or screwed. Magnetic bases may also be
available for temporary mounting or special applications.

Disadvantages of the piezoelectric transducer:

When used in "hand-held" or "stinger" mode to measure high frequencies, the

 signal response is very poor above 1200 Hz.

Accelerometers need an external power supply.

The amplitude output can be given in acceleration units. This output must be
integrated to obtain the spectral representation or the overall velocity amplitude
value.

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