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    Approach Blood Gases

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    Emily
    This document provides guidance on interpreting venous and arterial blood gases. For venous blood gases, it instructs to check the pH, CO2, and HCO3 levels to determine if the patient has respiratory acidosis, metabolic acidosis, metabolic alkalosis with respiratory compensation, or respiratory alkalosis. It notes that for arterial blood gases, the oxygen levels should be checked first. It then defines the anion gap formula and lists common causes of a high anion gap, such as lactic acidosis, ketoacidosis, alcohols, toxins, and renal failure.

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    Approach Blood Gases

    Uploaded by

    Emily
    2 views1 page
    This document provides guidance on interpreting venous and arterial blood gases. For venous blood gases, it instructs to check the pH, CO2, and HCO3 levels to determine if the patient has respiratory acidosis, metabolic acidosis, metabolic alkalosis with respiratory compensation, or respiratory alkalosis. It notes that for arterial blood gases, the oxygen levels should be checked first. It then defines the anion gap formula and lists common causes of a high anion gap, such as lactic acidosis, ketoacidosis, alcohols, toxins, and renal failure.

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    This document provides guidance on interpreting venous and arterial blood gases. For venous blood gases, it instructs to check the pH, CO2, and HCO3 levels to determine if the patient has respiratory acidosis, metabolic acidosis, metabolic alkalosis with respiratory compensation, or respiratory alkalosis. It notes that for arterial blood gases, the oxygen levels should be checked first. It then defines the anion gap formula and lists common causes of a high anion gap, such as lactic acidosis, ketoacidosis, alcohols, toxins, and renal failure.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    2 views1 page

    Approach Blood Gases

    Uploaded by

    Emily
    This document provides guidance on interpreting venous and arterial blood gases. For venous blood gases, it instructs to check the pH, CO2, and HCO3 levels to determine if the patient has respiratory acidosis, metabolic acidosis, metabolic alkalosis with respiratory compensation, or respiratory alkalosis. It notes that for arterial blood gases, the oxygen levels should be checked first. It then defines the anion gap formula and lists common causes of a high anion gap, such as lactic acidosis, ketoacidosis, alcohols, toxins, and renal failure.

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    Approach Blood Gases

    Venous Blood Gases

    1. Check patient ID and date/time of the gas


    2. Check the pH – are they acidotic or alkalotic?
    3. Check the CO2 – CO2 is acidic
    a. Low pH + high CO2 = respiratory acidosis
    b. Low pH + low CO2 = metabolic acidosis
    c. High pH + high CO2 = metabolic alkalosis + resp compensation
    d. High pH + low CO2 = respiratory alkalosis
    4. Check the HCO3 – HCO3 is alkalotic
    a. If HCO3 follows the pH (both are high) = metabolic alkalosis
    b. If HCO3 is opposite to the pH (e.g. low HCO3, high pH) = respiratory process with metabolic
    compensation

    When approaching an arterial blood gas, check the oxygen levels first

    Anion Gap
    Anion Gap = Na – (HCO3 + Cl)
    Normal range 4-12

    Causes of High Anion Gap


     Lactate
    Left Total Knee  Toxins – ethanol, methanol, aspirin (salicylates)
    Replacement ★  Ketones
     Renal – uraemia, renal tubular acidosis

     Cyanide, carbon monoxide


     Alcoholic ketoacidosis
     Toluene
     Methanol, metformin
     Uraemia
     Diabetic ketoacidosis
    CAT MUDPILES
     Phenformin, pyroglutamic acid, paraldehyde, propylene glycol,
    paracetamol
     Iron, isoniazid
     Lactate (numerous causes)
     Ethanol, ethylene glycol
     Salicylates (aspirin metabolism)

     Glycols (ethylene glycol and propylene glycol)


     Oxoproline (from panadol metabolism)
     L-Lactate
     D-Lactate
    GOAL MARK
     Methanol
     Aspirin
     Renal Failure
     Ketoacidosis

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