Republic of the Philippines

CAPIZ STATE UNIVERSITY – MAIN

CAMPUS
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING,
ARCHITECTURE & TECHNOLOGY
Fuentes Drive, Roxas City, Capiz

WHO IS MANUEL ACUÑA ROXAS?

(At the age of 30 he was known as the speaker of the house for 11
years)

As member of the various independence missions, Roxas contributed

greatly to the laying of the foundations of the Philippine
independence, as well as to its attainment. When the Pacific War
broke out, he displayed more of his multi-faceted characters when he
volunteered for military service in defense of the country. During the
Japanese Occupation he refused to cooperate with the Japanese
military forces by faking illness and evading major services.  Still, he
served in various other tasks in the interest of the Filipinos.

When Congress convened for its post-war session, Roxas was elected Senate President.  During
his term, he displayed profound statesmanship and intelligence, making his mark as a master of
economics.  He was among the “seven wise men “who drew up the Constitutional Convention
and accordingly became the last of the Commonwealth presidents and the first for the Republic
of the Philippines.  An undisputed pillar of Philippine democracy, his selfless dedication to his
country’s political and economic development is a timeless virtue worthy of emulation even by
succeeding generations. (In 1946, when he won as the 5 th president of the Philippines, it was the
same year that America gave us the recognition of Kasar inlan/Independence.)

WHY DID RAMPANT CORRUPTION OCCUR WHEN THE

PHILIPPINES WAS STILL TRYING TO SURVIVE?
Other politicians are getting their "back pay," even if they did not serve the countrymen
(They have voted for one law to get their back pay. In other words, these politicians put
themselves before anyone else. But Roxas couldn’t do anything for his friends, whom he put
there.)

ONE OF THE INCIDENTS ON ROXAS TERM

“SURPLUS WAR PROPERTY SCANDAL”

He had forgotten and wasted $90 billion worth of funds. This includes trucks, Jeeps, pistons,
bulldozers, and construction materials, all of which were wasted. If this was used properly, we
could not have borrowed money from America again. (Sale property used in World War II.)

BUT THERE'S A BIGGER ISSUE: HE LEAVES THE

PHILIPPINES HANGING IN HUNGER OF SURPLUS GOODS.
His administration was marred by graft and corruption; moreover, the abuses of the provincial
military police contributed to the rise of the left-wing (Huk) movement in the countryside. His
heavy-handed attempts to crush the Huks led to widespread peasant disaffection. The good
record of the Roxas administration was marred by notable failures: the failure to curb graft and
corruption in the government (as evidenced by the surplus war
property scandal), the Chinese immigration scandal, the school supplies scandal and the failure
to check and stop the communist Hukbalahap movement.

(This rebellion is also called “Huk Rebellion” a communist-led in central Luzon Hukbo ng bayan
laban sa hapon which means “People’s Anti-Japanese Army”. The only solution he could think of
during that time was the "Iron Fist Policy." Which means that if you don't join the government,
you are going to blast into hell.)

Roxas did not finish his full four-year term. On the morning of April 15, 1948 Roxas delivered a
speech before the United States Thirteenth Air Force. After the speech, he felt dizzy and was
brought to the residence of Major General E.L. Eubank at Clark Field, Pampanga. He died later
that night of a heart attack. Roxas' term as President is thus the third shortest, lasting one year,
ten months, and 18 days. On April 17, 1948, two days after Roxas' death, Vice-President Elpidio
Quirino took the oath of office as President of the Philippines.

https://www.studocu.com/ph/document/divine-word-college-of-calapan/history/manuel-roxas-this-is-helpful/9739388

https://www.britannica.com/event/Hukbalahap-Rebellion

https://youtu.be/UF7cOU3dYNI