FINAL PROJECT

HOW REGULAR EXERCISE EFFECT NERVOUS SYSTEM OF A HUMAN-

BEING

SUBMITTED BY: SANA AHMAD KHAN

FATIMA TAHIR
IMAN KHAWAR
FIZZA JABEEN
MARYAM IFTIKHAR
SUBMITTED TO: MISS AMMARA RABAB
FITNESS AND WELLNESS
PHYS104
SECTION A
SEMESTER 3
DATE OF SUBMISSION: 6th DECEMBER, 2022.
SESSION: 2021-2025

KINNAIRD COLLEGE FOR WOMEN

ROlE AND DESCRIPTION OF GROUP MEMBERS

Maryam Iftikhar:
 Role: Introduction
Iman Khawar: F21BSFN041
 Role: Literature review
Fatima Tahir: F21BLNG016
 Role: Methodology + checked plagiarism
Sana Ahmad Khan: F21BLNG017
 Role: Discussion and analysis + compiled and formatted the project
Fizza Jabeen: F21BSFN015
 Role: Conclusion
Table of Contents
ROlE AND DESCRIPTION OF GROUP MEMBERS..................................................................2
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................4
LITERATURE REVIEW:...............................................................................................................5
METHODOLOGY..........................................................................................................................6
DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS...................................................................................................6
CONCLUSION:..............................................................................................................................7
REFERANCES................................................................................................................................8
INTRODUCTION
Being physically active on a regular basis is crucial to living a healthy lifestyle. Exercise is
beneficial for your bones and muscles, however it is also crucial for maintaining the health of
your brain. The relationship between the nervous system and body, highlighting how important
regular exercise is for growth and preservation of the nervous system’s health.

Regular exercise is good for the nervous system. People whose motor functions have been
impacted by disease or injury can recover more quickly. Playing sports is one of best methods to
exercise. Being a part of a team can help you gain self-confidence, and practising frequently is
healthy for you. It’s acceptable if you don’t enjoy sports or competition. Exercise simply
includes moving the body and being active, not necessarily participating in sports.

The nervous system, which consists of nerves and cells, is in charge of sending messages from
one part of the body to another.

Exercise' short term effects on Nervous system:

Exercise has mostly neurotransmitter-related short-term impacts on the neurological system.

Neutrons in the brain transmit signals, and as a result, the capacity to remember information
starts to grow. Muscle temperature rise; greater pliability; and muscle exhaustion.

Long term effects of Exercise on Nervous system:

The long-term benefits are mainly focused on the improved oxygen transport pathways and the
promoted muscle growth. The most advantageous form of exercise for enhancing the capability
of the entire neurological system is regarded to be aerobic exercise. This kind of activity has a
great deal of potential to enhance overall cognitive capacities, as well as being especially
beneficial for kids as they grow.

You can try jogging, riding, rowing, swimming, and jumping rope an attempt as great cardio
exercises. Regular exercise has also benefits on sympathetic nervous system. This system is the
one that becomes active when you are disturbed. This activation causes a number of side effects,
including elevated blood pressure, accelerated heartbeat, perspiration, and slowed digestion.
Regular exercise has been proven to reduce sympathetic nervous system activity while increasing
parasympathetic nervous system activity.

LITERATURE REVIEW:
According to experts, the exercise of one hour is recommended in order to keep your mind sharp.
The best exercise recommended to improve your brain function is the sports. As playing in a
team would build self confidence and thus, good for mental health. Research says that sports is
an ideal activity but not an only activity that improves the nervous system. Other type of
activities like swimming, cycling, dancing, walking, jogging, running and biking serves the same
purpose. In many articles, it is written that when heart rate increases during any type of exercise,
the blood flow towards the brain automatically increases. Increase in blood flow to the brain
means that it will now receive more amount of oxygen and nutrients. Moreover, the article also
says that exercise promotes the production of some very nourishing proteins. These proteins are
very beneficial as they promote the development of new neurons that make up the brain. So due
to this, this improvement would lead to good brain function.

Another article says that whenever you exercise, your body releases dopamine in your brain.
This dopamine in brain keeps you happy. In other words, it boosts your mood and reduces
anxiety and stress. Another article states that exercise improves neuroplasticity. It is basically the
ability of neurons to become flexible. This process is concerned with body stress and tension.
An extensive study stated that exercise helps in stability of neurotransmitter release in core brain
areas. These core areas are associated with involuntary actions that include breathing and
maintaining a regular heartbeat. So, exercise help to promote heart health which is directly
related to mental health.

A study shows that quality of sleep is also related to the nervous system of a human being.
Exercise has the beneficial effects on core brain areas which help to regular sleep, particularly
hypothalamus. Study also proves that improvement in sleep quality is directly related to better
memory. So, the improvements in neurotropic factors brought by exercise can enhance memory
and learning. Another study also proves that exercise reduces the risk of acquiring many
neurogenerative diseases. Current research indicates that exercise has many benefits for aging
the aging brain, reducing the risk of many life-threatening diseases including Parkinson’s
disease, Dementia and Alzeimer’s disease. One of the most important benefit of exercise is to
lower the neuroinflammation which prevent these risks. Many properly formed exercise training
programs have proved to be very beneficial in prevention from these neurological disorders.

Another article says that exercise improves focus and attention on a specific task. Lack of any
physical activity can be harmful and it would effect the daily lifestyle of a human being and he
would notice that he is unable to focus on his important tasks, causing failure to perform that
particular tasks efficiently. In a study performed at University of British Columbia, researchers
found that any aerobic exercise which starts to pump your heart rapidly and cause sweating by
the glands, they help to increase the size of hippocampus. Hippocampus is a very important area
situated in brain which is primarily associated with verbal memory and learning. If there is a
problem in such sensitive areas in brain, these can contribute towards congnitive impairment and
it has many dangerous effects on human body.

METHODOLOGY

DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

This research is archival in nature where different researches were analyzed to get the needed
results. It is said that one hour exercise whether it is sports, swimming, cycling, dancing,
sprinting, Walking, running is used for better functioning of nervous system. Exercise activates
the sympathetic nervous system, which causes the body to respond in a coordinated manner. In
order to accommodate the increased demand on muscular, metabolic, respiratory, and
cardiovascular efforts, this reaction tries to maintain an acceptable degree of homeostasis. The
article emphasizes that this one hour exercise also increase the level of good proteins and
dopamine which is a happy hormone reducing the stress and anxiety. Even more startling
research suggests that pregnant women who exercise throughout pregnancy help the fetus's
neurological development while it is still within the mother.
According to (Uchida, 2012) done by has shown that the exercise has positive affect on the
regulation of sleep wake cycle and circadian clock modulation in humans whereas the neural
function involved was not specified.

Regular exercise also seems to positively impact the neuroplasticity of brain by altering the
synaptic structure and function in various brain regions, exercise also modulates systems like
angiogenesis and glial activation that are known to support neuroplasticity.

Moreover regular exercise also seems to reduce the risk of many neural diseases including
insomnia, Parkinson’s disease, dementia and Alzheimer’s disease. Aerobic exercises are said to
be protecting human nervous system from these diseases and also can be used as adjunct therapy
for these disorders. Moreover our research has analyzed that regular exercise increase the size of
Hippocampus and pre frontal cortex which in turn increases the memory and speed of learning.
The above researches have resulted in the proposition that exercise is important for proper
functioning of nervous system.

CONCLUSION:

The nervous system is directly enhanced by exercise. Exercise is related to neurodevelopment in

every stage of life. Engaging in sports or any type of exercise has positive effects on cognitive
and emotional functions. Steady and balanced workout improves cognitive development,
learning ability, memory, emotional stability, adaptability and other neurosensory processes. It
majorly helps in reducing the risks of neurodegenerative or mental diseases in every stage of life.

Using advances of MRI scanning, it can be concluded that exercise is an important asset in
building a healthy brain. The studies show that high levels of executive function development
such as motivation, the ability to set goals, and self-control are developed by sports and exercise.

Dedicating more of one’s time to exercise, especially high intensity exercise or aerobic exercise
not only benefits one’s physical health but also affects the way the brain is structured and how it
functions.
REFERANCES

1. Uchida, S., Shioda, K., Morita, Y., Kubota, C., Ganeko, M., & Takeda, N. (2012). Exercise effects on
sleep physiology. Frontiers in neurology, 3, 48.
2. Coe, A. (2021, December 4). Exercise and the nervous system. Retrieved from
https://www.ontoorthopedics.com/bone-bytes/exercise-and-the-nervous-system/
3. Mya Care. (n.d.). The importance of exercise for the brain and nervous system. Retrieved
from https://myacare.com/blog/the-importance-of-exercise-for-the-brain-and-nervous-system