App 2 2 Specification For Soft Landscape Works

FCC Environment i 411.00197.
00783
Greatmoor EfW
Specification for Soft Landscape Works July 2012
Greatmoor EFW, Calvert, Buckinghamshire
Specification for Soft Landscape Works
SLR Ref: 411.00197.00783
July 2012
Final Version
SLR
CC Environment i 411.00197.00783
Greatmoor EfW
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................ 1
D20 EXCAVATING AND FILLING ............................................................................................. 2
Q28 TOPSOIL AND GROWING MEDIA .................................................................................... 9
Q30 SEEDING/TURFING ......................................................................................................... 12
Q31 EXTERNAL PLANTING ................................................................................................... 18
Q35 LANDSCAPE MAINTENANCE ........................................................................................ 27
Q40 FENCING ......................................................................................................................... 37
SLR
FCC Environment 1 411.00197.00783
Greatmoor EfW
INTRODUCTION
SLR Consulting Limited (SLR) has been commissioned by FCC Environment to prepare soft
landscape planting proposals and a Specification for Soft Landscape Works in order to
discharge Condition 8 of the planning application 11/20000/AWD. The application covers the
proposed development of the Energy from Waste Facility and associated waste disposal
operations at Greatmoor, near Calvert, Buckinghamshire.
The following document is concerned with proposals for the EFW/IBA sites, Lower Greatmoor
Farm and the Habitat Management Area as set out on drawing GR 1/2 Site Layout in the
original Environmental Statement.
The specification should be read in conjunction with the Ecological Management Plan (EMP)
Ref: 408.00197.00780/EMP, produced for FCC Environment by SLR Consulting. Provisions
within the EMP for habitat creation and management should take precedence over this
specification.
This specification covers the soft landscape works to be undertaken by the landscape
contractor. Any detailed or opportunistic ‘ecological’ planting will be implemented via the
biodiversity partnership and the EMP.
Clauses set out within D20 Excavating and Filling have been included for completeness, but are
assumed to be the principal responsibility of the civil engineering main contractor.
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D20 EXCAVATING AND FILLING
GENERALLY/THE SITE
145 VARIATIONS IN GROUND WATER LEVEL

• Give notice: If levels encountered are significantly different from levels in the site
investigation report or previously measured.
150 EXISTING SERVICES/ FEATURES/ STRUCTURES

• Services: See section A12 for locations.
• Site features to be retained: See section A12 for details.
• Structures: See section A34 for details of protection.
CLEARANCE/EXCAVATING
164 TREE ROOTS:

• Protected area: Do not cut roots within precautionary protection area.
- Size of area: within the Root Protection Area of the tree
• Excavation in protected area:
- Method: By hand.
- Backfill as soon as possible or temporarily line with polyethylene sheet to reduce
evaporation.
• Outside protected area: Give notice of roots exceeding 25 mm and do not cut without
approval.
• Cutting:
- Make clean smooth cuts with no ragged edges.
- Pare cut surfaces smooth with a sharp knife.
- Treatment of cut roots: Not required
• Backfill: As dug material, enriched with amelioration as section Q31.
168 SITE CLEARANCE

• Timing: Before topsoil stripping, if any.
• General: Clear site of rubbish, debris and vegetation. Do not compact topsoil.
• Treatment: Apply a suitable non-residual herbicide to areas to receive planting.
170 REMOVING SMALL TREES, SHRUBS, HEDGES AND ROOTS

• Identification: Clearly mark trees to be removed.
• Small trees, shrubs and hedges: Cut down
• Roots: Grub up and dispose of without undue disturbance of soil and adjacent areas
• Safety: Comply with HSE/ Arboriculture and Forestry Advisory Group Safety Guides.
175 FELLING LARGE TREES:

• Definition: Girth over 600 mm.
• Identification: Clearly mark trees to be removed.
• Safety: Comply with HSE/ Arboriculture and Forestry Advisory Group safety leaflets.
• Felling: As close to the ground as possible.
• Stumps: Obtain approval before removing by winching. Do not use other trees as
supports or anchors.
• Work near retained trees: Take down trees carefully in small sections to avoid
damage to adjacent trees that are to be retained, where tree canopies overlap and in
confined spaces generally.
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180 CHIPPING AND SHREDDING
• General: Permitted, spread arisings on site in areas designated.
220 STRIPPING TOPSOIL

• General: Before beginning general excavation or filling, strip topsoil from areas
where there will be re-grading, buildings, pavings/ roads and other areas shown on
drawings.
• Depth:
- Remove to an average depth of 200 mm.
- Give notice where the depth of topsoil is difficult to determine.
• Handling: Handle topsoil for reuse or sale in accordance with clause 225.
• Around trees: Do not remove topsoil from below the spread of trees to be retained.
• Site storage: Keep separate from excavated sub-soil.
221 TREATING TOPSOIL

• Treatment: Apply a suitable translocated non-residual herbicide.
• Timing: Not less than two weeks before excavating topsoil.
225 HANDLING TOPSOIL

• Aggressive weeds:
• Species: Included in the Weeds Act, section 2 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act,
Schedule 9, part II.
- Give notice: Obtain instructions before moving topsoil.
• Earthmoving equipment: Select and use to minimize disturbance, trafficking and
• compaction.
• Contamination: Do not mix topsoil with:
- Subsoil, stone, hardcore, rubbish or material from demolition work.
- Oil, fuel, cement or other substances harmful to plant growth.
- Other grades of topsoil.
• Multiple handling: Keep to a minimum. Use topsoil immediately after stripping.
• Wet conditions: Handle topsoil in the driest condition possible. Do not handle during
or after heavy rainfall or when it is wetter than the plastic limit as defined by BS 3882,
Annex N2.
250 PERMISSIBLE DEVIATIONS FROM FORMATION LEVELS

• Beneath mass concrete foundations: ±25 mm.
• Beneath ground bearing slabs and r.c. foundations: ±15 mm.
• Embankments and cuttings: ±50 mm.
• Ground abutting external walls: ±50 mm, but such as to ensure that finished level is
not less than 150 mm below dpc.
260 INSPECTING FORMATIONS

• Give notice: Make advance arrangements for inspection of formations for all shrub
planting areas prior to the import of top soil.
• Preparation: Just before inspection remove the last 150 mm of excavation. Trim to
required profiles and levels, and remove loose material.
• Seal: Within 4 hours of inspection, seal formations with See Q20.
270 FOUNDATIONS GENERALLY

• Give notice if:
- A natural bearing formation of undisturbed subsoil is not obtained at the depth
shown on the drawings.
- The formation contains soft or hard spots or highly variable material.
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280 TRENCH FILL FOUNDATIONS
• Excavation: Form trench down to formation in one operation.
• Safety: Prepare formation from ground level.
• Inspection of formations: Give notice before commencing excavation.
- Period of notice: Four working days.
• Shoring: Where inspection of formation is required, provide localised shoring to suit
ground conditions.
• Concrete fill: Place concrete immediately after inspection and no more than four
hours after exposing the formation.
290 FOUNDATIONS IN MADE UP GROUND

• Depth: Excavate down to a natural formation of undisturbed subsoil.
• Discrepancy: Give notice if this is greater or less than depth given.
310 UNSTABLE GROUND

• Generally: Ensure that the excavation remains stable at all times.
• Give notice: Without delay if any newly excavated faces are too unstable to allow
earthwork support to be inserted.
• Take action: If instability is likely to affect adjacent structures or roadways, take
appropriate emergency action.
320 RECORDED FEATURES

• Recorded foundations, beds, drains, manholes, etc: Break out and seal drain ends.
• Contaminated earth: Remove and disinfect as required by local authority.
330 UNRECORDED FEATURES

• Give notice: If unrecorded foundations, beds, voids, basements, filling, tanks, pipes,
cables, drains, manholes, watercourses, ditches, etc. not shown on the drawings are
encountered.
350 EXISTING WATERCOURSES:

Diverted watercourses which are to be filled: Before filling, remove vegetable growths
and soft deposits.
360 EXCESS EXCAVATION

• Excavation taken wider than required:
- Backfill: With hardcore as clause 710.
• Excavation taken deeper than required:
- Backfill: Underground bearing slabs: Hardcore as clause 710.
370 UNDERGROUND STRUCTURES IN LANDSCAPE AREAS

• Generally: Remove walls, roads, foundations, disused services, drains, manholes
and the like to minimum depth.
• Minimum depth below finished levels:
- Grass, ground cover and perennial planting: 500 mm.
- Shrub planting: 750 mm.
- Within 2 m of tree planting: 1000 mm.
• Walls and slabs remaining: In every 10 m² of wall or slab, make a drainage hole at
least 600 mm diameter.
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DISPOSAL OF MATERIALS
410 EXCAVATED TOPSOIL STORAGE

• Storage: Stockpile in temporary storage heaps To be agreed with CA .
420 TOPSOIL STORAGE HEAPS

• Location: To be agreed by CA.
• Height (maximum): 1m.
• Protection:
- Do not place any other material on top of storage heaps.
- Do not allow construction plant to pass over storage heaps.
- Prevent compaction and contamination.
421 TOPSOIL STORAGE HEAP TREATMENT

• Treatment: Apply a suitable herbicide at appropriate times to prevent seeding of
weeds.
441 SURPLUS SUBSOIL

• Excavated material: Stockpile in temporary storage heaps.
• Retained material: Spread and level surplus subsoil on site.
- Locations: Refer to Architects levels drawing.
- Protected areas: Do not raise soil level within root spead of trees that are to be
retained.
• Remaining material: Remove from site.
450 WATER
• Generally: Keep all excavations free from water until:
- Formations are covered.
- Below ground construction are completed.
- Basement structures and retaining walls are able to resist leakage, water
pressure and flotation.
• Drainage: Form surfaces of excavations and fill to provide adequate falls.
• Removal of water: Provide temporary drains, sumps and pumping as necessary. Do
not pollute watercourses with silt laden water.
454 GROUND WATER LEVEL/ RUNNING WATER

• Give notice: If it is considered that the excavations are below the water table.
• Springs/ Running water: Give notice immediately if encountered.
457 PUMPING
• General: Do not disturb excavated faces or stability of adjacent ground or structures.
• Pumped water: Discharge without flooding the site or adjoining property.
• Sumps: Construct clear of excavations. Fill on completion.
- Locations: Contractor's choice.
460 PERMANENT DRAINAGE SYSTEM

• Disposal of water from the excavations through system: Obtain consent where
necessary from the appropriate authority before discharging water. Make good any
damage or disturbance caused to drainage systems by discharging water.
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FILLING
500 PROPOSED FILL MATERIALS

• Details: Submit full details of proposed fill materials to demonstrate compliance with
specification, including:
- Type and source of imported fill.
- Proposals for processing and reuse of material excavated on site.
- Test reports as required elsewhere.
• Timing: At least 21 days before starting filling.
510 HAZARDOUS, AGGRESSIVE OR UNSTABLE MATERIALS

• General: Do not use fill materials which would, either in themselves or in combination
with other materials or ground water, give rise to a health hazard, damage to building
structures or instability in the filling, including material that is:
- Frozen or containing ice.
- Organic.
- Contaminated or noxious.
- Susceptible to spontaneous combustion.
- Likely to erode or decay and cause voids.
- With excessive moisture content, slurry, mud or from marshes or bogs.
- Clay of liquid limit exceeding 80 and/or plasticity index exceeding 55.
- Unacceptable, class U2 as defined in the Highways Agency 'Specification for
Highway works', clause 601.
520 FROST SUSCEPTIBILITY

• General: Except as allowed below, fill must be non frost-susceptible as defined in
Highways Agency 'Specification for Highway Works', clause 801.17.
• Test reports: If the following fill materials are proposed, submit a laboratory report
confirming they are non frost- susceptible:
- Fine grained soil with a plasticity index less than 20%.
- Coarse grained soil or crushed granite with more than 10% retained on a 0.063
mm sieve.
- Crushed chalk.
- Crushed limestone fill with average saturation moisture content in excess of 3%.
- Burnt colliery shale.
• Frost-susceptible fill: May only be used within the external walls of buildings below
spaces that will be heated. Protect from frost during construction.
530 PLACING FILL

• Excavations and areas to be filled: Free from loose soil, rubbish and standing water.
• Freezing conditions: Do not place fill on frozen surfaces. Remove material affected
by frost. Replace and recompact if not damaged after thawing.
• Adjacent structures, membranes and buried services:
- Do not overload, destabilise or damage.
- Submit proposals for temporary support necessary to ensure stability during
filling.
- Allow 14 days (minimum) before backfilling against in situ concrete structures.
• Layers: Place so that only one type of material occurs in each layer.
• Earthmoving equipment: Vary route to avoid rutting.
535 COMPACTION
• General: Compact fill as soon as possible after placing.
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• After compaction: Surface of each layer must be well closed, showing no movement
under compaction plant, and without cracks, holes, ridges, loose material and the
like.
• Defective areas: Remove and recompact to full thickness of layer using new
material.
540 BENCHING IN FILL

• Adjacent areas: If, during filling the difference in level between adjacent areas of
filling exceeds 600 mm, cut into edge of higher filling to form benches 600 mm
minimum width and height equivalent to depth of a layer of compacted filling.
• New filling: Spread and compact to ensure maximum continuity with previous filling.
550 GEOTEXTILE SHEET

• Manufacturer: Terram.
• Product reference: Contractor's choice.
• Type: Nonwoven.
• Polymer type: Contractor's choice.
• Jointing: 300 mm overlap.
• Preparation of subgrade: Before laying sheet, remove humps and sharp projections.
Fill hollows.
• Protect from:
- Exposure to light.
- Contaminants.
- Materials listed as potentially deleterious by geotextile manufacturer.
610 COMPACTED FILLING FOR LANDSCAPE AREAS:

• Fill: Material capable of compaction by light earthmoving plant.
• Filling: Layers not more than 200 mm thick. Lightly compact each layer to produce a
stable soil structure.
615 LOOSE TIP FILLING FOR LANDSCAPE AREAS

• Filling: Do not firm, consolidate or compact when laying. Tip and grade to
approximate levels in one operation with minimum of trafficking by plant.
626 COMPACTED GENERAL FILLING

• Fill: Approved Material
• Excavated material: Select suitable material and keep separate.
• Filling: Spread and level material in layers. As soon as possible thoroughly compact
each layer.
• Proposals: Well in advance of starting work submit details of proposed:
• Materials to be used, including quantities of each type.
• Type of plant.
• Maximum depth of each compacted layer.
• Minimum number of passes per layer.
640 STARTER LAYER OF COMPACTED FILLING

• Fill: Suitable hard granular material. Compact thoroughly.
• Thickness: As required by engineers.
650 PROTECTION OF COMPACTED FILLING:

• Temporary protective filling: Before allowing construction traffic, raise level of
compacted cohesive soil filling at least 150 mm above formation level using properly
compacted temporary filling.
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• Removal: Remove temporary protective filling from site before permanent
construction.
700 BACKFILLING AROUND FOUNDATIONS:

• Under oversite concrete and pavings: Hardcore as clause 710.
• Under grassed or soil areas: Material excavated from the trench, laid and compacted
in 300 mm maximum layers.
710 HARDCORE FILLING:

• Fill: Granular material, free from excessive dust, well graded, all pieces less than 75
mm in any direction, minimum 10% fines value of 50 kN when tested in a soaked
condition to BS 812-111, and in any one layer only one of the following:
- Crushed rock (other than argillaceous rock) or quarry waste with not more
binding material than is required to help hold the stone together.
- Crushed concrete, crushed brick or tile, free from plaster, timber and metal.
- Crushed non-expansive slag.
- Gravel or hoggin with not more clay content than is required to bind the material
together, and with no large lumps of clay.
- Well-burned non-plastic colliery shale.
- Natural gravel.
- Natural sand.
• Filling: Spread and level in 150 mm maximum layers. Thoroughly compact each
layer.
715 VENTING HARDCORE LAYER:

• Fill: Clean granular material, well graded, passing a 75 mm BS sieve but retained on
a 20 mm BS sieve. In each layer only one of the following:
- Crushed hard rock.
- Crushed concrete, crushed brick or tile, free from plaster, timber and metal.
- Gravel.
• Filling: Spread and level in 150 mm maximum layers. Thoroughly compact each
layer whilst maintaining enough voids to allow efficient venting.
730 BLINDING:
• Surfaces to receive sheet overlays or concrete:
Blind with:
- Concrete where shown on drawings; or
- Sand, fine gravel or other approved fine material applied to fill interstices. ---
- Moisten as necessary before final rolling to provide a flat, closed, smooth
surface.
• Sand for blinding: To BS EN 12620, grade 0/4 or 0/2 (MP).
• Permissible deviations on surface level: +0 -25 mm.
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Q28 TOPSOIL AND GROWING MEDIA
200 GRADING SUBSOIL

• General: Grade to smooth flowing contours to achieve specified finished levels of
topsoil.
• Areas of thicker topsoil: Excavate locally.
250 SUBSOIL SURFACE PREPARATION

• General: Excavate and/ or place fill to required profiles and levels, as section D20.
• Loosening:
- Light and non-cohesive subsoils: When ground conditions are reasonably dry,
loosen thoroughly to a depth of 300 mm by ripping.
- Stiff clay and cohesive subsoils: When ground conditions are reasonably dry,
loosen thoroughly to a depth of 450 mm by ripping.
- Rock and chalk subgrades: Lightly scarify to promote free drainage.
• Stones: Immediately before spreading topsoil, remove stones larger than 50 mm.
• Remove Arisings, contaminants and debris.
260 INSPECTING FORMATIONS

• Give notice: Before spreading topsoil for planting beds.
• Notice period: 7 days.
300 TOPSOIL ANALYSIS

• Soil to be analysed: Topsoil stockpile and imported topsoil.
• Soil analyst: To be approved.
• Samples: Collect in accordance with BS 3882, Annex A.
• Submit:
- Declaration of analysis: In accordance with BS 3882 figure 3.
- Report detailing soil analyst's recommendations.
310 PREPARATION OF UNDISTURBED TOPSOIL

• Standard: In accordance with BS 4428
- Grading and cultivation: To suit cultivation operations specified in Q30.
• Hard ground: Break up thoroughly.
• Clearing: Remove visible roots and large stones with a diameter greater than 50 mm.
• Areas covered with turf or thick sward: Plough or dig over to full depth of topsoil.
• Fallow period (minimum): One month.
• Weed control: At appropriate times treat with a suitable translocated non-residual
herbicide.
330 SURPLUS TOPSOIL TO BE RETAINED

• Generally: Spread and level on site:
- Locations: Any areas where topsoil is required for new planting.
- Protected areas: Do not raise soil level within root spread of trees that are to be
retained.
315 IMPORTED TOPSOIL TO BS 3882

• Quantity: Provide as necessary to make up any deficiency of topsoil existing on site
and to complete the work.
• Standard: To BS 3882.
• Classification: Multipurpose.
• Source: Contractor's choice.
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• Submit: Declaration of analysis in accordance with BS 3882, Annex E.
• Additional analyses: Not required.
355 COMPOST FOR ALL PLANTING AREAS

• Standard: In accordance with PAS 100.
• Supplier: Local source.
- Product reference: Peat-free compost, contractor’s choice.
• Type: Sanitized and stabilized compost.
• Horticultural parameters:
- pH (1:5 water extract): 7.0-8.7.
- Electrical conductivity (maximum, 1:5 water extract): 200 mS/m.
- Moisture content (m/m of fresh weight): 35-55%.
- Organic matter (minimum): 25%.
- Grading (air dried samples): 99% passing 25 mm screen, and 90% a 10 mm
screen mesh aperture.
- Carbon:Nitrogen ratio (maximum): 20:1.
• Texture: Friable.
• Objectionable odour: None.
• Composting Association certification: Required.
• Submit: Declaration of analysis.
• Additional analyses: Not required.
• Samples: Supply 5 kg sample before ordering.
• Application rate: As per tree pit drawing.
• Timing: Apply prior to cultivation.
395 PEAT
• Peat or products containing peat: Do not use.
650 NOTICE OF IMPORTING TOPSOIL

• Give notice: Before stripping topsoil for transfer to site.
- Notice period: 5 days.
660 SAMPLE LOAD OF IMPORTED TOPSOIL

• General: Deliver to site a sample load of not less than 5 m³.
• Give notice: Allow inspection before making further deliveries to site. Retain for
comparison with subsequent loads.
- Notice period: 5 days.
670 CONTAMINATION
• General: Do not use topsoil contaminated with subsoil, rubbish or other materials
that are:
- Corrosive, explosive or flammable.
- Hazardous to human or animal life.
- Detrimental to healthy plant growth.
• Subsoil: In areas to receive topsoil, do not use subsoil contaminated with the above
materials.
• Give notice: If any evidence or symptoms of soil contamination are discovered on the
site, or in topsoil to be imported.
680 TOPSOIL STORAGE HEAPS

• Location: ON SITE.
• Height (maximum): 1 m.
• Width (maximum): 3.0 m.
• Protection:
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- Do not place any other material on top of storage heaps.
- Do not allow construction plant to pass over storage heaps.
- Prevent compaction and contamination, by fencing and covering as appropriate.
690 HANDLING TOPSOIL

• Aggressive weeds: Give notice and obtain instructions before moving topsoil.
• Plant: Select and use plant to minimize disturbance, trafficking and compaction.
• Contamination: Do not mix topsoil with:
- Subsoil, stone, hardcore, rubbish or material from demolition work.
- Other grades of topsoil.
• Multiple handling: Keep to a minimum. Use or stockpile topsoil immediately after
stripping.
• Wet conditions: Handle topsoil in the driest condition possible. Do not handle during
or after heavy rainfall or when it is wetter than the plastic limit as defined by BS 3882,
Annex N2.
700 SPREADING TOPSOIL

• Temporary roads/surfacing: Remove before spreading topsoil.
• Layers:
- Depth (maximum):
150 mm for grassed areas.
450mm for shrub beds
- Gently firm each layer before spreading the next.
• Depths after firming and settlement (minimum): 450 mm.
• Crumb structure: Do not compact topsoil. Preserve a friable texture of separate
visible crumbs wherever possible.
910 FINISHED LEVELS OF TOPSOIL AFTER SETTLEMENT

• Above adjoining paving or kerbs: 30 mm.
• Below dpc of adjoining buildings: Not less than 150 mm.
• Shrub areas: Higher than adjoining grass areas by 75 mm.
• Within root spread of existing trees: Unchanged.
• Adjoining soil areas: Marry in.
• Thickness of turf or mulch: Included.
920 DOCUMENTATION
• Timing: Submit at handover.
• Contents:
- Full description of all soil components.
- Record of source for all soil components.
- Analyst's report for each test carried out.
- Record drawings showing the location of all soils by type and grade.
• Number of copies: 2.
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Q30 SEEDING/TURFING
The following clauses relate to the creation of the following grassland habitats (shown on
drawings GR7/41, GR7/42, GR7/43.
• Species rich grassland to be grazed (RE1);

• Species rich wildflower mix to be managed long (RE1);
• Existing arable fields managed as low intensity pasture; and
• Low maintenance amenity grass (A4).
GENERAL INFORMATION/REQUIREMENTS
115 SEEDED AND TURFED AREAS

• Growth and development: Healthy, vigorous grass sward, free from the visible effects
of pests, weeds and disease.
• Appearance: A closely knit, continuous ground cover of even density, height and
colour.
120 CLIMATIC CONDITIONS

• General: Carry out the work while soil and weather conditions are suitable.
145 WATERING
• Quantity: Wet full depth of topsoil.
• Application: Even and without displacing seed, seedlings or soil.
• Frequency: As necessary to ensure the establishment and continued thriving of all
seeding/turfing.
150 WATER RESTRICTIONS

• Timing: If water supply is or is likely to be restricted by emergency legislation do not
carry out seeding/turfing until instructed. If seeding/turfing has been carried out,
obtain instructions on watering.
160 NOTICE
• Give notice before:
- Setting out.
- Applying herbicide.
- Applying fertilizer.
- Preparing seed bed.
- Seeding or turfing.
- Visiting site during maintenance period.
• Period of notice: 2 working days.
170 SETTING OUT

• Boundaries: Mark clearly.
• Delineation: In straight lines or smoothly flowing curves as shown on drawings.
PREPARATION
205 PREPARATION MATERIALS

• General: Free from toxins, pathogens or other extraneous substances harmful to
plant, animal or human life.
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• Certification of source, analysis, suitability for purpose and absence of harmful
substances:
• Submit.
- Certified materials: Sanitized and stabilized compost.
- Give notice: before ordering or using.
210 HERBICIDE FOR AMENITY GRASSED AREAS

• Type: Suitable for suppressing perennial weeds.
• Timing: Allow fallow period before cultivation.
- Duration: As manufacturer's recommendation.
212 SEED BED CLEANING BEFORE SOWING ALL GRASSED AREAS

• Operations: As seed supplier's recommendations.
231 PEAT
250A PREPARATION FOR ALL EXISTING ARABLE/PASTURE FIELDS TO BE

CONVERTED TO SPECIES RICH GRASSLANDS
• Flail and spray off existing crop using glyphosate and plough into soil
• Cultivate as follows:
• Compacted topsoil: Break up to full depth.
• Tilth: Reduce topsoil to a tilth suitable for blade grading.
- Depth: 150 mm.
- Particle size (maximum): 10 mm.
• Material brought to the surface: Remove stones and clay balls larger than 50 mm in
any dimension, roots, tufts of grass, rubbish and debris.
250B CULTIVATION OF SEED BEDS

• Compacted topsoil: Break up to full depth. Imported topsoil to be used if ground has
suffered compaction during construction.
• Soil ameliorant/ Conditioner/ Fertilizer: Fully incorporate into topsoil to a depth of 150
mm.
• Tilth: Reduce topsoil to a tilth suitable for blade grading.
- Depth: 150 mm.
- Particle size (maximum): 10 mm.
• Material brought to the surface: Remove stones and clay balls larger than 50 mm in
any dimension, roots, tufts of grass, rubbish and debris.
260 GRADING
• Topsoil condition: Reasonably dry and workable.
• Contours: Smooth and flowing, with falls for adequate drainage.
- Hollows and ridges: Not permitted.
• Finished levels after settlement: 25 mm above adjoining paving, kerbs, manholes
etc.
• Blade grading: May be used to adjust topsoil levels provided depth of topsoil is
nowhere less than 150 mm.
• Give notice: If required levels cannot be achieved by movement of existing soil.
270A PRE SEEDING FERTILISER FOR AMENITY GRASS SEEDED AREAS

• Types: Apply both:
- Superphosphate with a minimum of 18% water soluble phosphoric acid.
- A sulfate of ammonia with a minimum of 20% nitrogen.
• Application: Before final cultivation and three to five days before seeding/turfing.
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• Coverage: Spread evenly, each type at suppliers recommended rates, in transverse
directions.
280 FINAL CULTIVATION

• Timing: After grading and fertilizing.
• Seed bed: Reduce to fine, firm tilth with good crumb structure.
- Depth: 25 mm.
- Surface preparation: Rake to a true, even surface, friable and lightly firmed but
not over compacted.
- Remove surface stones/earth clods exceeding:
General areas: 50 mm.
Fine lawn areas: 10 mm.
• Adjacent levels: Extend cultivation into existing adjacent grassed areas sufficient to
ensure full marrying in of levels.
SEEDING
310 GRASS SEED FOR ALL GRASSED AREAS

• Mixture: Seed mix must contain varieties of British origin and local provenance
• Seed mixes have been specified on drawings GR7/41, GR7/42 and GR7/43.
However, there is a hierarchy of preference for seed to be sourced from local
suppliers if practicable. Seed mixes are to be agreed with LA in advance of the
works.
312A LOW MAINTENANCE AMENITY GRASS SEED MIXTURE FOR EFW AREA
• Supplier: British Seed Houses.
- Mixture reference: Mix A4 (Low Maintenance Areas)
• Origin (as defined in the National Plant Specification): Native UK.
• Application rate: 35 g/m².
312B SEED MIXTURE FOR SPECIES RICH GRASSLAND TO BE GRAZED – RE1 (FOR
LOWER GREATMOOR FARM AND HABITAT MANAGEMENT AREAS)
- Mixture reference: Mix RE1 Traditional Hay Meadow
• Application rate: 5 g/m²
312C SEED MIXTURE FOR SPECIES RICH GRASSLAND TO BE MANAGED LONG – RE1
(FOR HABITAT MANAGEMENT AREAS)
- Mixture reference: Mix RE1 Traditional Hay Meadow
• Application rate: 1 g/m²
312D SEED MIXTURE FOR LOW INTENSITY PASTURE FIELDS

• Mixture reference: Seed mix to be agreed with tenant farmer
• Refer to the Pasture Creation Scheme for more details.
319 QUALITY OF SEED FOR ALL GRASSED AREAS

• Freshness: Produced for the current growing season.
• Certification: Blue label certified varieties.
- Standard: EC purity and germination regulations.
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- Official Seed Testing Station certificate of germination, purity and composition:
Submit when requested.
• Samples of mixtures: Submit when requested.
330 SOWING
• General: Establish good seed contact with the root zone.
• Method: To suit soil type, proposed usage, location and weather conditions during
and after sowing.
- Distribution: 2 equal sowings at right angles to each other.
330A SOWING
• Sow seed in calm weather.
• Spread seed evenly at the specified rate(s) applied in two equal sowings in
transverse directions.
• Lightly harrow or rake on light soils roll and cross roll after seeding using a
lightweight roller.
335 GRASS SOWING SEASON

• Grass seed generally: April to May or late August to October.
336 WILDFLOWER SOWING SEASON

• Wildflower seed generally: August to October.
340 PRE-EMERGENT HERBICIDE FOR ALL GRASSED AREAS

• Standard: Pesticide Safety Directorate approved.
• Application rate: In accordance with manufacturer's written recommendation.
- Timing: Immediately after sowing.
352 EDGES TO SEEDED AREAS ADJACENT TO PLANTING BEDS AND TREE PITS
• Timing: After seeded areas are well established.
• Edges: Clean straight lines or smooth curves.
- Mulch and soil: Draw back to permit edging.
• Arisings: Remove.
• Completion: Respread soil and mulch.
PROTECTING/CUTTING
530 FIRST CUT OF AMENITY GRASSED AREAS

• Timing: When grass is reasonably dry.
- Height of initial growth: 40-75 mm.
• Preparation:
- Debris and litter: Remove.
- Stones and earth clods larger than 25 mm in any dimension: Remove
• Height of first cut: 40 mm.
• Mower type: Contractor's choice.
• Arisings: Spread evenly over cut areas.
272 MAINTAINING
• Times of year: October
• Timing of first cut: October of the following year to which the seed is sown
540A FIRST CUT OF SPECIES RICH GRASSLAND TO BE MANAGED LONG (RE1)

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• Timing: Late June to July of the following year to which the seed is sown. When
grass is reasonably dry and when at least 50% of the sward has finished flowering.
• Preparation: Before cutting, remove debris, litter, and stones and earth clods larger
than 25 mm in any dimension.
• Arisings: To be removed to composting facility off site.
550 AREAS NOT TO BE CUT:

• Do not cut: areas of species rich grassland to be grazed.
590 CLEANLINESS
• Soil and arisings: Remove from hard surfaces.
• General: Leave the works in a clean, tidy condition at Completion and after any
maintenance operations.
MAINTENANCE
605 MAINTENANCE
• Duration: Carry out the following operations from completion of seeding until the end
of the defects liability period.
610 FAILURES OF SEEDING

• Defective materials or workmanship: Areas that have failed to thrive.
- Exclusions: Theft or malicious damage.
• Method of making good: Recultivation and reseeding.
• Timing of making good: Submit proposals.
620 MAINTAINING AMENITY GRASSED AREAS (A4)

• Maximum height of growth at any time: maintain between 50 and 75 mm.
• Preparation: Before each cut remove all litter and debris.
• Cutting: As and when necessary to a height of 35 mm.
- Arisings: To be removed to composting facility off site.
• Trimming: All edges.
- Arisings: To be removed to composting facility off site.
• Weed control: Substantially free of broad leaved weeds.
- Method: Application of a suitable selective herbicide.
• Stones brought to the surface: Remove regularly.
- Size: Exceeding 25 mm in any dimension.
• Areas of settlement: Make good.
• Watering: When instructed.
650 MAINTAINING SPECIES RICH GRASSLAND AREAS TO BE GRAZED (RE1) AND

FIELDS MANAGED AS LOW INTENSITY PASTURE
• Grazing patterns and land management to be agreed with tenant farmer, including
potential for an annual hay cut to precede grazing.
• As a guide, grassland to be grazed at the following annual stocking rate: 0.5
Livestock Units/ha/yr i.e. 3 cows per ha or 12.5 sheep per ha for 16 weeks.
• Timing: 16 weeks during May to August
• Aim to get sward height to 5cm height at end of growing season and to remove cattle
before the ground becomes too wet.
650A MAINTAINING SPECIES RICH GRASSLAND AREAS TO BE MANAGED LONG (RE1)

• Preparation: Before each cut remove all litter and debris.
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• Frequency of cutting: Cut one third of the total area each year on a three year cycle,
so that each third is cut once every three years.
- Timing: Late June – July when at least 50% of the sward has finished flowering.
- Height of cut: 150 mm
- March – May: monitor grass growth and take single hay cut to around 150mm if
required.
- Arisings: Remove to composting facility off site.
• Weed control: Substantially free of broad leaved weeds.
- Method: Application of a suitable selective herbicide.
• Stones brought to the surface: Remove regularly.
- Size: Exceeding 25 mm in any dimension.
• Areas of settlement: Make good.
• Watering: When instructed.
680 MAINTENANCE FERTILIZER AMENITY GRASS AREAS

• March application: 15:10:10 Spring turf fertilizer at 35 g/m².
• September application: 5:10:10 Autumn turf fertilizer at 50 g/m².
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Q31 EXTERNAL PLANTING
To be read with Preliminaries/General conditions.
The following clauses relate to the creation of the following habitats/vegetation types (shown on
drawings GR7/41, GR7/42 and GR7/43):
• Native Woodland;
• Native Woodland Edge/Scrub;
• Native hedge with trees/Native mixed berry hedge with trees;
• Additional hedgerow planting to supplement existing hedgerows; and
• Specimen trees.
GENERAL INFORMATION/ REQUIREMENTS
112 SITE CLEARANCE GENERALLY

• General: Remove rubbish, concrete, metal, glass, decayed vegetation and
contaminated topsoil.
• Stones: Remove those with any dimension exceeding 50 mm.
• Contamination: Remove material containing toxins, pathogens or other extraneous
substances harmful to plant, animal or human life.
• Vegetation: Clear scrub to ground level by flail mowing and remove arisings; retain
and protect existing vegetation indicated on drawings GR7/41, GR7/42 and GR7/43.
• Large roots: Grub up and dispose of without undue disturbance of soil and adjacent
areas.
• Additional requirements: None.
118 SOIL CONDITIONS

• Soil for cultivating and planting: Moist, friable and not waterlogged.
• Frozen or snow covered soil: Give notice before planting. Provide additional root
protection. Prevent planting pit sides and bases and backfill materials from freezing.
120 CLIMATIC CONDITIONS

• General: Carry out the work while soil and weather conditions are suitable.
- Strong winds: Do not plant.
125 TIMES OF YEAR FOR PLANTING

• Deciduous trees and shrubs: Late October to late March.
• Conifers and evergreens: September/ October or April/ May.
• Herbaceous plants: September/ October or March/ April.
• Container grown plants: At any time if ground and weather conditions are favourable.
• Watering and weed control: Provide as necessary.
130 MECHANICAL TOOLS

• Restrictions: Do not use within 100 mm of tree and plant stems.
145 WATERING
• Quantity: Wet full depth of topsoil.
• Application: Even and without damaging or displacing plants or soil.
• Frequency: As necessary to ensure establishment and continued thriving of planting.
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• General: If water supply is or is likely to be restricted by emergency legislation, do
not carry out planting until instructed. If planting has been carried out, obtain
instructions watering.
160 NOTICE
- Setting out.
- Applying herbicide.
- Applying fertilizer.
- Delivery of plants/ trees.
- Planting shrubs.
- Planting trees into previously dug pits.
- Watering.
- Visiting site during maintenance period.
• Period of notice: 1 week.
165 PREPARATION, PLANTING AND MULCHING MATERIALS

• General: Free from toxins, pathogens or other extraneous substances harmful to
plant, animal or human life.
• Certification of source, analysis, suitability for purpose and absence of harmful
substances:
• Submit.
- Certified materials: Composted animal manures.
- Give notice before ordering or using.
200 PLANTS/ TREES - GENERAL

• Condition: Materially undamaged, sturdy, healthy and vigorous.
• Appearance: Of good shape and without elongated shoots.
• Hardiness: Grown in a suitable environment and hardened off.
• Health: Free from pests, diseases, discoloration, weeds and physiological disorders.
• Budded or grafted plants: Bottom worked.
• Root system and condition: Balanced with branch system.
- Standard: The National Plant Specification.
• Species: True to name.
• Origin/ Provenance: Local provenance.
• Definition: Origin and Provenance have the meaning given in the National Plant
Specification.
215 PLANTS/ TREES - SPECIFICATION CRITERIA

• Name, forms, dimensions, provenance and other criteria: As scheduled and defined
in the National Plant Specification.
235 CONTAINER GROWN PLANTS/ TREES

• Growing medium: With adequate nutrients for plants to thrive until permanently
planted.
• Plants: Centred in containers, firmed and well watered.
• Root growth: Substantially filling containers, but not root bound, and in a condition
conducive to successful transplanting.
• Hardiness: Grown in the open for at least two months before being supplied.
• Containers: With holes adequate for drainage when placed on any substrate
commonly used under irrigation systems.
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245 LABELLING AND INFORMATION
• General: Provide each plant/ tree or group of plants/ trees of a single species or
cultivar with supplier's labelling for delivery to site, showing:
- Full botanical name.
- Total number.
- Number of bundles.
- Part bundles.
- Supplier's name.
- Employer's name and project reference.
- Plant specification, in accordance with scheduled National Plant Specification
categories.
• Additional information: Submit on request: Date supplied and consignment details or
reference.
246 LABELLING AND INFORMATION

260 PLANT/ TREE SUBSTITUTION

• Plants/ trees unobtainable or known to be likely to be unobtainable at time of
ordering: Submit alternatives, stating:
- Price.
- Difference from specified plants/ trees.
• Approval: Obtain before making any substitution.
265 PLANT HANDLING, STORAGE TRANSPORT AND PLANTING

• Standard: To HTA 'Handling and establishing landscape plants'.
• Frost: Protect plants from frost.
• Handling: Handle plants with care. Protect from mechanical damage and do not
subject to shock, e.g. by dropping from a vehicle.
• Plant packaging: Coextruded polyethylene bags with black interior and white exterior.
• Packaging of bulk quantities: Pallets or bins sealed with polyethylene and shrink
wrapped.
• Planting: Upright or well balanced with best side to front.
280 TREATMENT OF TREE WOUNDS

• Cutting: Keep wounds as small as possible.
- Cut cleanly back to sound wood using sharp, clean tools.
- Leave branch collars. Do not cut flush with stem or trunk.
- Set cuts so that water will not collect on cut area.
• Fungicide/ Sealant: Do not apply unless instructed.
285 PROTECTION OF EXISTING GRASS

• General: Protect areas affected by planting operations using boards/ tarpaulins.
• Excavated or imported material: Do not place directly on grass.
• Duration: Minimum period.
290 SURPLUS MATERIAL

• Subsoil, stones, debris, wrapping material, canes, ties, temporary labelling, rubbish,
prunings and other arisings: Remove.
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PREPARATION OF PLANTING BEDS/ PLANTING MATERIALS
300 HERBICIDE TO CLEAR OVERGROWN PLANTING AREAS

• Locations: All planting areas.
• Type: Suitable for suppressing perennial weeds.
• Timing: Allow fallow period before cultivation.
- Duration (minimum): As manufacturer's recommendation.
305 WEED CONTROL FOR INVASIVE NON-NATIVE WEEDS

• Locations: Whole site.
• General: Prevent weeds from seeding and perennial weeds from becoming
established, in accordance with the Environment Agency 'Code of Practice for the
management, destruction and disposal of Japanese knotweed'.
341 PEAT
375 CULTIVATION
• Compacted topsoil: Break up to full depth. Imported topsoil to be used if ground has
suffered compaction during construction.
• Cultivation: Loosen, aerate and break up soil into particles of 2-8 mm.
- Depth: 350 mm.
- Timing: Within a few days before planting.
- Weather and ground conditions: Suitably dry.
• Surface: Leave regular and even.
• Levels: As sections D20 and Q28.
• Undesirable material brought to the surface: Remove visible weeds, roots and large
stones with any dimension exceeding 50 mm.
• Soil within root spread of trees and shrubs to be retained: Do not dig or cultivate.
PLANTING SHRUBS
400 RANDOM PLANT LAYOUT TO SHRUB PLANTING

• Spacing: Evenly, avoiding straight lines.
• Density: As Scheduled.
405 SHRUB PITS

• Excavate and retain topsoil for re-use. In sloping ground, maintain horizontal bases
and vertical sides with no less than minimum depth throughout.
• Transplant trees and shrubs, 300mm deep; 300mm diameter,
• Break up bottoms of pits to a depth of 100mm and scarify sides.
• Backfilling material: Topsoil removed from pit incorporating compost @ 3L per
transplant pit and slow release fertilizer as recommended by supplier.
405A NOTCH PLANTING OF WOODLAND EDGE TRANSPLANTS:

• Notching: Make a vertical ‘I’, ‘L’, ‘T’ or ‘H’ notch.
- Depth: To accommodate full depth of roots.
• Planting: Plant tree, close notch with root collar at ground level and firm the soil.
• Planting density: 2m centres.
• Layout: Random groups of no less than 3 or more than 7 of the same species,
ensuring that no three plants are aligned in any one direction.
415 ANTIDESICCANT FOR CONIFERS/ EVERGREENS:
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• Manufacturer: Contractor's choice.
- Product reference: Contractor's choice.
• Application: Dip before delivering to site. Spray soon after planting.
- Do not apply in wet or frosty weather.
- Ensure full coverage of underside of foliage.
471 NATIVE HEDGES:

• Planting: In trenches large enough to take full spread of roots. Set out plants evenly.
• Transplants and shrubs for hedges: As specified, consistent in species, cultivar and
clone to ensure a uniform hedge.
• Planting: In trenches large enough to take full spread of roots, minimum of 500mm
wide. Set out plants evenly in a double staggered row at 450mm apart, with 6No
plants/ml. Plant in groups of 5/10No per species.
• Break up bottoms of trench to a depth of 100mm and scarify sides.
• Backfilling: Topsoil removed from pit incorporating slow release fertilizer as specified.
Also incorporate compost at 100mm depth mixing in with backfill.
471A NATIVE HEDGES – ENHANCEMENT PLANTING INTO EXISTING HEDGEROWS

• Planting: In available gaps in the existing hedgerow large enough to take full spread
of roots.
• Transplants and shrubs for hedges: As specified, consistent in species, cultivar and
clone to ensure a uniform hedge.
• Break up bottoms of trench to a depth of 100mm and scarify sides.
• Backfilling: Topsoil removed from pit incorporating slow release fertilizer as specified.
Also incorporate compost at 100mm depth mixing in with backfill.
476A SHRUB/HEDGE BACKFILLING MATERIAL

• Composition: Previously prepared mixture of topsoil excavated from pit (if this is of
sufficient quality and has not been compacted during construction) and additional
imported topsoil as required.
480 AFTER PLANTING

• Watering: Immediately after planting, thoroughly and without damaging or displacing
plants or soil.
• Firming: Lightly firm soil around plants and fork and/ or rake soil, without damaging
roots, to a fine tilth with gentle cambers and no hollows.
• Top dressing: Not required.
- Depth: Not required.
486 SHRUB PROTECTION

• Ensure that protection methods do not impede the natural movement of trees or
restrict growth.
• Tubex Bio-Hybrid Tree Shelter for all 40-60cm high transplants except holly
and rose
- Size: 600mm high, 80-105mm diameter
- Colour: Green
- Material: Starch polymer and polypropylene
- Support: 900mm timber stake and adjustable ties
• Tubex Netguards for CG holly and rose only
- Size: 600mm high, 144mm diameter
- Colour: Green
- Support: 900mm timber stake and adjustable ties
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PLANTING TREES AND WOODLAND TRANSPLANTS
505 TREE PITS:

STANDARD TREES AROUND EFW;
EXTRA HEAVY STANDARD TREES WITHIN WOODLAND BETWEEN LOWER
GREATMOOR FARM AND IBA FACILITY;
FRUIT TREES AT LOWER GREATMOOR FARM ORCHARD
• Sizes: 900 mm diameter x 900 mm deep or allow 300mm clearance between the
rootball and the edge of the pit.
• Sloping ground: Maintain horizontal bases and vertical sides with no less than
minimum depth throughout.
• Pit bottoms: With slightly raised centre. Break up to a depth of 150 mm. Pit sides:
Scarify.
• Backfilling material: 7 parts good quality imported topsoil to BS 3882 to 3 parts tree
planting compost. Mix thoroughly with 0.5kg of Broadleaf P4 (pre-hydrated with 75
litres of water) until the medium is homogeneous. Slightly crown the topsoil around
the nursery soil collar.
505A TREE PITS: FEATHERED TREES IN HEDGEROWS

• Sizes: 900 mm diameter x 500 mm deep
• Sloping ground: Maintain horizontal bases and vertical sides with no less than
minimum depth throughout.
• Pit bottoms: With slightly raised centre. Break up to a depth of 150 mm. Pit sides:
Scarify.
• Backfilling material: 7 parts good quality imported topsoil to BS 3882 to 3 parts tree
planting compost. Mix thoroughly with 0.5kg of Broadleaf P4 (pre-hydrated with 75
litres of water) until the medium is homogeneous. Slightly crown the topsoil around
the nursery soil collar.
505B NOTCH PLANTING OF NATIVE WOODLAND TRANSPLANTS:

• Notching: Make a vertical ‘I’, ‘L’, ‘T’ or ‘H’ notch.
- Depth: To accommodate full depth of roots.
• Planting: Plant tree, close notch with root collar at ground level and firm the soil.
• Planting density: 2m centres.
• Layout: Random groups of no less than 3 or more than 7 of the same species,
ensuring that no three plants are aligned in any one direction.
535 STAKING GENERALLY

• Stakes: Softwood, peeled chestnut, larch or oak, straight, free from projections and
large or edge knots and with pointed lower end.
- Preservative treatment: To provide a 20 year service life.
• Nails: To BS 1202-1, galvanized, minimum 25 mm long and with 10 mm diameter
heads.
• Stake size (minimum): 50 mm diameter.
545 LONG SINGLE ANGLE STAKING FOR: STANDARD TREES AND FRUIT TREES
• Staking: Position stake at 45 degree angle to tree on windward side and drive a
minimum of 600 mm into ground, allowing at least 150mm of the treated part to be
above ground.
• Height of stakes: Cut off just below lowest branch of tree.
• Ties: Single adjustable tree tie.
• Tying: The stem is attached to the stake, just below the lowest branch, with a single
approved tree tie, the ends of the tie being nailed to the stake.
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575 SHORT DOUBLE STAKING FOR EXTRA HEAVY STANDARD TREES
• Staking: Drive stakes vertically at least 300 mm into bottom of pit on either side of
tree position before planting.
- Backfilling: Consolidate material around stakes.
• Height of stakes: Cut to approximately 600 mm above ground level.
• Cross bar: [Wood, as stake].
- Firmly fix on windward side of tree and as close as possible to stem.
• Ties: [Adjustable ties].
• Tying: Secure tree firmly but not rigidly to cross bar.
586 TREE BACKFILLING MATERIAL

• Composition: Previously prepared mixture of imported topsoil and compost
• Ameliorant/ Conditioner: Melcourt Topgrow TSPC or equivalent and approved.
- Application rate: To manufacturer's/ supplier's recommendations.
• Fertilizer: Slow release Sierra blen Gro tabs.
- Application rate: 4No tabs per tree pit.
590A MULCHING STANDARD TREES, EXTRA HEAVY STANDARD TREES AND FRUIT
TREES
• Material: Medium grade bark mulch.
- Purity: Free of pests, disease, fungus and weeds.
• Preparation: Clear all weeds. Water soil thoroughly.
• Coverage: In a circular area of 500 mm radius measured from the tree stem.
• Finished level of mulch: 75 mm below adjacent grassed or paved areas.
595A TREE PROTECTION

• Ensure that protection methods do not impede the natural movement of trees or
restrict growth.
• Spiral guards to extra heavy standard and standard trees
- Size: 1200mm high;
- Colour: Clear transparent.
• Spiral guards to feathered trees
- Size: 600mm high;
- Colour: Clear transparent.
- Support: Short single stakes as specified above
• Tubex Bio-Hybrid Tree Shelter for all 40-60cm high transplants except holly
and rose
- Size: 600mm high, 80-105mm diameter
- Colour: Green
- Support: 900mm Stake and ties
• Tubex Netguards for CG holly and rose only
- Size: 600mm high, 144mm diameter
- Colour: Green
- Support: 900mm Stake and ties
PROTECTING/ MAINTAINING/ MAKING GOOD DEFECTS
710 MAINTENANCE
• Duration: Carry out the operations in the following clauses from completion of
planting until the end of the defects liability period.
• Frequency of maintenance visits: Monthly during defects liability period.
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720 FAILURES OF PLANTING
• Defects due to materials or workmanship not in accordance with the Contract:
Plants/ trees/ shrubs that have failed to thrive.
- Exclusions: Theft or malicious damage after completion.
- Rectification: Replace with equivalent plants/ trees/ shrubs.
• Replacements: To match size of adjacent or nearby plants of same species or match
original specification, whichever is the greater.
• Timing of making good: During the next suitable planting season.
740 CLEANLINESS
• Soil and arisings: Remove from hard surfaces and grassed areas.
• General: Leave the works in a clean tidy condition at completion and after any
750A PLANTING MAINTENANCE GENERALLY: DURING THE ESTABLISHMENT PERIOD
Carry out maintenance of the planted areas as follows:
• Visits:
- Make visits at approximately fortnightly intervals during the growing season and
as necessary to fulfil the requirements of this specification.
• General:
- Keep all beds and the base of trees and hedges clear of weeds by cultivating and
use of approved herbicides. Where requested, and in the absence of mulch, fork
over beds as necessary to keep soil loose, with approved cambers and no
hollows.
- Keep all beds clear of litter and rubbish.
• Fertiliser:
- Once during the period, in March or April, evenly spread 15:15:15 N:P:K straight
Agricultural or slow release type fertiliser:
70g per feathered, standard or heavier tree
40g per whip or shrub.
• Pruning:
- Prune plants at appropriate time to remove dead or dying and diseased wood
suckers, to promote healthy growth and natural shape and remove all prunings.
• Staking:
- Regularly check conditions of stakes, ties, guys and guards. Replace broken or
missing items. Adjust ties if necessary to prevent rubbing of bark. Cut back any
damaged bark and treat wound with fungicidal sealant.
- Tie climbers to supports where necessary.
- Carry out regular checks on all advanced stock trees.
- Firm up all trees and shrubs and straighten plants affected by the wind.
• Water:
- Ensure that sufficient water is applied to maintain healthy growth. Suggest to CA
when watering may be required and when instructed carry out using a fine rose
or sprinkler until full depth of topsoil is saturated.
- Water newly planted standard size trees once in every one to three weeks during
the growing seasons when the weather is dry, thoroughly soaking the mulch and
soil to full planting depth.
- Spray crown of trees when in leaf during warm weather. Carry out in the evening.
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- Complete a Maintenance Sheet promptly after each maintenance visit listing all
work carried out during the visit. Forward a copy to the CA as soon as possible.
770 WOODLAND PLANTING MAINTENANCE

• Watering: Only as necessary to prevent plants wilting.
• Loose plants: Re-firm surrounding soil, without compacting.
• Weed control: Cut down and remove weeds using herbicide/hand weed prior to
setting seed in a 1 m diameter area around each tree.
• Vegetation except trees and coppice shoots to be retained: Cut within the plantation
area, between the rows of transplants.
- Height (maximum): 75 mm.
- Arisings: Leave between rows.
• Mechanical, chemical or mulching methods of vegetation control: Submit proposals.
• Ditches and drains: Keep clear.
• Watering: Contractor's choice.
780 MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTIONS

• General: Before end of the maintenance period, submit printed instructions
recommending procedures to be established by the Employer for maintenance of the
planting work for one full year: Provide a schedule of any ongoing maintenance
problems experienced during the defects liability period.
790 FINAL MULCHING

• Timing: At end of the maintenance period.
• Watering: Ensure that soil is thoroughly moistened prior to remulching, applying
water where necessary.
• Trees: Remulch.
• Depth (minimum): 75 mm.
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Q35 LANDSCAPE MAINTENANCE
The following clauses relate to the maintenance of the following vegetation types/habitats
(shown on drawings GR7/41, GR7/42 and GR7/43):
• Native Woodland;
• Native Woodland Edge/Scrub;
• Native hedge with trees/Native mixed berry hedge with trees/Existing hedgerows to
be enhanced;
• Specimen trees;
• Species rich grassland to be grazed;
• Species rich wildflower mix to be managed long;
• Low maintenance amenity grass; and
• Existing arable fields managed as low intensity pasture.
The maintenance operations described in this chapter should be carried out in conjunction with
the Ecological Management Plan for Greatmoor Farm, Calvert Ref: 408.00197.00780/EMP.
To be read with Preliminaries/ General conditions.
GENERALLY
105A DEFECTS LIABILITY AND MAINTAINANCE PERIOD

• Run concurrently from practical completion of the works for 5 years. A defects
inspection shall be undertaken in September of each year to determine which plants
are dead or dying, and in need of replacement. Plants shall be marked on site.
Replacement planting shall be undertaken in November/December of the same year.
110 NOTICE
- Application of herbicide.
- Application of fertilizer.
- Watering.
- Each site maintenance visit.
• Period of notice: 2 days.
130 REINSTATEMENT
• Damage or disturbance to soil structure, planting, grass, fencing, hard landscaping,
structures or buildings: Reinstate to original condition.
140 CONTROL OF MAMMALIAN PESTS

• Specialist firms: Submit proposals.
- Method: Submit proposals.
155 WATERING
• Supply: Contractor to confirm.
• Quantity: Wet full depth of topsoil .
• Application: Do not damage or loosen plants.
• Compacted soil: Loosen or scoop out, to direct water to rootzone.
• Frequency: As necessary for the continued thriving of all planting.
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• General: If water supply is, or is likely to be, restricted by emergency legislation,
submit proposals for an alternative suitable source of water. Obtain instructions
before proceeding.
170 DISPOSAL OF ARISINGS

• General: Unless specified otherwise, dispose of arisings as follows:
- Biodegradable arisings: Compost on site.
- Grass cuttings: Compost on site.
- Tree roots and stumps: Remove from site.
- Shrub and tree prunings: Compost on site.
- Litter and nonbiodegradable arisings: Remove from site.
180 CHIPPING OR SHREDDING

• General: Not permitted on site.
181 MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT

• General: Minimize.
• Prohibited equipment: Chippers.
• Timing: After school hours.
190 LITTER
• Extraneous rubbish not arising from the contract work: Collect and remove from site.
195 PROTECTION OF EXISTING GRASS

• General: Protect areas affected by maintenance operations using boards/tarpaulins.
Do not place excavated or imported materials directly on grass.
197 CLEANLINESS
• Soil and arisings: Remove from hard surfaces.
• General: Leave the works in a clean, tidy condition at completion and after any
GRASSED AREAS
210 MAINTENANCE OF AMENITY GRASS AREAS AROUND EFW

• General: Maintain turf in a manner appropriate to the intended use.
• Soil and grass:
- Condition: Maintain a healthy vigorous sward, free from disease, fungal growth,
discolouration, scorch or wilt.
- Waterlogging and compaction: Prevent.
- Damage: Repair trampling, abrasion or scalping.
• Maintain reasonably free from moss, excessive thatch, weeds, frost heave, worm
casts and mole hills.
- Edges: Neat and well defined, in clean straight lines or smooth flowing curves.
• Litter and fallen leaves: Remove regularly to maintain a neat appearance.
220 GRASS CUTTING GENERALLY

• Before mowing: Remove litter, rubbish and debris.
• Finish: Neat and even, without surface rutting, compaction or damage to grass.
• Edges: Leave neat and well defined. Neatly trim around obstructions.
• Adjoining hard areas: Sweep clear and remove arisings.
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• Drought or wet conditions: Obtain instructions.
226 TREE STEMS

• Precautions: Do not allow nylon filament rotary cutters and other mechanical tools
closer than 100 mm to the stem of any tree.
- Operations close to stems: Complete using hand tools.
250 LEAF REMOVAL FROM AMENITY GRASS AREAS WITHIN EFW

• Operations: Collect fallen leaves.
• Special requirements: Remove by hand raking.
• Disposal: Shred and compost on site.
255 FIRST CUT OF AMENITY GRASSED AREAS WITHIN EFW

• Height of initial growth: 0-75 mm.
• Preparation:
- Debris and litter: Remove.
- Stones and earth clods larger than 25 mm in any dimension: Remove
• Height of first cut: 40 mm.
• Mower type: Contractor's choice.
265 MOWING GENERAL AMENITY AREAS WITHIN EFW

• Grass height: Maintain between 50 and 75 mm.
272 MAINTAINING SPECIES RICH GRASSLAND TO BE MANAGED LONG (RE1)

• Times of year: Late June to July
• March – May: monitor grass growth and take single hay cut to around 150mm if
required.
• Timing of first cut: The following year to which the seed is sown when at least 50% of
the sward has finished flowering.
• Frequency of cutting: Cut one third of the total area each year on a three year cycle,
so that each third is cut once every three years.
• Height of cut: 150mm
• Arisings: Remove to compost facility off site.
272A MAINTAINING SPECIES RICH GRASSLAND TO BE GRAZED (RE1) AND FIELDS

MANAGED AS LOW INTENSITY PASTURE
• Grazing patterns and land management to be agreed with tenant farmer, including
potential for an annual hay cut to precede grazing.
• As a guide, grassland to be grazed at the following annual stocking rate: 0.5
Livestock Units/ha/yr i.e. 3 cows per ha or 12.5 sheep per ha for 16 weeks.
• Timing: 16 weeks during May to August
• Aim to get sward height to 5cm height at end of growing season and to remove cattle
before the ground becomes too wet.
309 EDGES TO SEEDED AREAS WITHIN EFW

• Location: Planting beds and around newly planted trees.
• Timing: After seeded areas are well established.
• Edges: Cut to clean straight lines or smooth curves. Draw back soil to permit edging.
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310 RE-FORMING GRASS EDGES
• Location:
- Path edges;
- Planting bed edges;
- Service access cover edges; and
- Where damage occurs.
• Edges: Draw back soil and re-form edges to clean straight lines or smooth flowing
curves, sloping slightly back from vertical.
320 LEVELLING HOLLOWS AND BUMPS IN TURF

• Standard: To BS 7370-3, clauses 12.4 and 12.5.
325 RELIEVING SURFACE COMPACTION IN TURF

• Standard: To BS 7370-3.
• Method: Submit proposals.
• Top dressing: Fine sand.
- Depth: Submit proposals.
330 SELECTIVE HERBICIDE

• Location: Amenity grass areas and RE1 grassland.
• Herbicide: Suitable for suppressing perennial weeds.
• Areas not to be sprayed: All grasslands which are managed by grazing.
340 SPOT WEEDKILLING IN GRAZED AREAS:

• Herbicide: Suitable for suppressing perennial weeds.
• Operations: Spot treat all broad leaved weeds.
381 REINSTATEMENT OF WORN OR DAMAGED GRASS AREAS

• Worn or damaged areas: Make good by reseeding:
- Reseeding standard: To BS 7370-3, Clause 12.6.
- seed: To match existing in appearance and quality.
• Protection and watering: Provide as necessary to promote successful germination
and/ or establishment.
SHRUBS/TREES/HEDGES
500 ESTABLISHMENT OF NEW PLANTING

• Duration: Two full growing seasons from the date of planting.
• Weed control:
- Method: Keep planting beds clear of weeds by maintaining full thickness of
mulch.
- Area: Maintain a weed free area around each tree and shrub, minimum diameter
the larger of 1 m or the surface of the original planting pit.
• Soil condition: Fork over beds to keep soil loose, with gentle cambers and no
hollows. Do not reduce depth or effect of mulch.
• Trees: When in leaf, spray crowns during warm weather.
- Timing: After dusk.
• Watering: As necessary to ensure establishment and continued thriving of planting.
502 ESTABLISHMENT OF NEW PLANTING - FERTILIZER

• Time of year: March or April.
• Type: Slow release.
• Spreading: Spread evenly. Carefully lift and replace any mulch materials.
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- Application rate: As manufacturer's recommendations.
510 TREE STAKES AND TIES

• Inspection/ Maintenance times: As scheduled and immediately after strong winds.
• Stakes:
- Replace loose, broken or decayed stakes to original specification.
- If longer than half of clear tree stem height, cut to this height in spring. Retie to
tree firmly but not tightly with a single tie.
• Ties: Adjust, refix or replace loose or defective ties, allowing for growth and to
prevent chafing.
- Where chafing has occurred, reposition or replace ties to prevent further chafing.
• Removal of stakes and ties: When instructed.
- Fill stake holes with lightly compacted soil.
• Espaliers: Regularly tie down new growth at the ends of each branch to stop it
growing upwards.
520 REFIRMING OF TREES AND SHRUBS

• Timing: After strong winds, frost heave and other disturbances.
• Refirming: Tread around the base until firmly bedded.
• Collars in soil at base of tree stems, created by tree movement: Break up by fork,
avoiding damage to roots. Backfill with topsoil and refirm.
530 TREE SHELTERS

• Loose or defective shelters: Adjust, refix or replace to original specification and to
prevent chafing.
• Removal: When instructed by CA.
540 PRUNING GENERALLY

• Pruning: In accordance with good horticultural and arboricultural practice.
- Removing branches: Do not damage or tear the stem or bark.
- Wounds: Keep as small as possible and cut cleanly back to sound wood.
- Cutting: Make cuts above and sloping away from an outward facing healthy bud,
angled so that water will not collect on cut area.
- Larger branches: Prune neither flush nor leaving a stub, but using the branch
bark ridge or branch collar as a pruning guide.
• Appearance: Thin, trim and shape each specimen appropriately to species, location,
season, and stage of growth, leaving a well balanced natural appearance.
• Tools: Use clean sharp secateurs, hand saws or other approved tools. Trim off
ragged edges of bark or wood with a sharp knife.
• Disease or infection: Give notice if detected.
• Growth retardants, fungicide or pruning sealant: Do not use unless instructed.
545 PRUNING OF EXCESSIVE OVERHANG

• Timing: As instructed.
• Operations: Remove growth encroaching onto grassed areas, paths, roads, signs,
sightlines and road lighting luminaires.
• Special requirements: None.
550 PRUNING OF EXCESSIVE HEIGHT

• Timing: As instructed.
• Operations: Remove excessive height As instructed.
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555 PRUNING TREES AND SHRUBS
• Standard: To BS 7370-4.
• Special requirements: None.
570 FORMATIVE PRUNING OF YOUNG TREES

• Standard: Type and timing of pruning operations to suit the plant species.
• Time of year: Do not prune during the late winter/ early spring sap flow period.
• Young trees up to 4 m high:
- Crown prune by removing dead branches and reducing selected side branches
by one third to preserve a well balanced head and ensure the development of a
single strong leader.
- Remove duplicated branches and potentially weak or tight forks. In each case cut
back to live wood.
• Whips or feathered trees: Do not prune.
• Operatives: Member of the Arboricultural Association.
600 TRIMMING NATIVE HEDGEROWS AROUND EFW:

• General: Allow to reach planned height as rapidly as possible.
• Operations:
- Form: Trim to pre-determined height and shape.
- Time of year: Trim once in July or August.
- Tools/ Cutting: Suitable mechanical cutters.
- Trim: Remove current growth rather than old wood.
615 TRIMMING FIELD HEDGES (IN HABITAT MANAGEMENT AREA AND ALONG
ACCESS ROAD)
• Refer to Ecological Management Plan Ref: 408.00197.00780/EMP for details of
appropriate management practices for hedges which are also to have a wildlife
corridor function. Timing of cutting is critical to wildlife habitats.
• Maintenance practices to be agreed with tenant farmer where appropriate:
Once the hedgerows have become of a sufficient size for trimming, landowners
would be encouraged to manage the hedge in accordance with Entry Level
Stewardship best practice. Amongst other practices, this could involve maintaining
hedgerows at a height and width customary to the local landscape but no less than
1.5m-2m in height and cutting each hedgerow no more than once every two or three
calendar years. Alternatively, one-sided management of the hedgerow could be
adopted if appropriate or a traditional hedge-laying or coppicing cycle could be
implemented whereby regular cutting of the hedgerow is minimised and a dense
livestock proof hedgerow becomes established.
• Operations: Trim to specified height and profile using suitable mechanical cutters.
620 REMOVAL OF DEAD PLANT MATERIAL

• Operations: At the end of the growing season, check all shrubs and remove all dead
foliage, dead wood, and broken or damaged branches and stems.
630 DEAD AND DISEASED PLANTS

• Removal: As soon as possible.
• Replacement: In the next suitable planting season.
635 REINSTATEMENT OF TRANSPLANT/SHRUB AREAS

• Dead and damaged plants: Remove.
• Do not disturb roots of adjacent plants.
• Replacement plants:
- Use pits and plants: To original specification or to match the size of adjacent or
nearby plants of the same species, whichever is the greater.
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- Additional requirements: Submit proposals.
• Dressing: Slow release fertilizer:
- Type: Submit proposals.
- Application rate: As manufacturer's recommendations.
645 WEED CONTROL GENERALLY

• Weed tolerance: Weed to clear ground every two weeks.
• Adjacent plants, trees and grass: Do not damage.
650 HAND WEEDING

• General: Remove weeds entirely, including roots.
• Disturbance: Remove the minimum quantity of soil, and disturb plants, bulbs and
mulched surfaces as little as possible.
• Completion: Rake area to a neat, clean condition.
• Mulch: Reinstate to original depth.
655 WEED CUTTING BY HAND OR MACHINE

• Undesirable grass, brambles and herbaceous growth between rows of planting in all
woodland, woodland edge areas and hedgerows: Cut down cleanly to a maximum
height of 25 mm.
• Herbicides: Give notice before use.
657 HERBICIDE TO KILL REGROWTH TO ALL WOODLAND, WOODLAND EDGE AREAS AND
HEDGEROWS
• Type: Suitable foliar acting herbicide to kill regrowth.
• Timing: Allow recommended period for herbicide to take effect before clearing dead
weeds.
665 WEED CONTROL WITH WINTER HERBICIDE TO ALL WOODLAND, WOODLAND

EDGE AREAS AND HEDGEROWS
• Type: Suitable residual soil acting herbicide.
• Time of year: Unless otherwise agreed, complete before end of March.
670 WEED CONTROL WITH SUMMER HERBICIDE TO ALL WOODLAND, WOODLAND

EDGE AREAS AND HEDGEROWS
• Type: Suitable foliar acting herbicide.
675 DIGGING OVER

• General: Dig over beds. Do not damage existing plants, bulbs and roots.
- Depth of dig (minimum): 100 mm.
680 SOIL AERATION

• Compacted soil surfaces:
- Prick up: To aerate the soil of root areas and break surface crust.
- Size of lumps: Reduce to crumb and level off.
- Damage: Do not damage plants and their roots.
685 SOIL LEVEL ADJUSTMENT

• Level of soil/mulch at edges of beds: Reduce to 50 mm below adjacent grass or hard
surface.
- Arisings (if any): Spread evenly over the bed.
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690 MAINTENANCE OF LOOSE MULCH
• Thickness (minimum): 75 mm.
- Top up: Every 3 months.
• Mulch spill on adjacent areas: Remove weeds and rubbish and return to planted
area.
• Weeding: Remove weeds growing on or in mulch by hand weeding.
705 WINTER LEAF REMOVAL WITHIN EFW

• Operations: Take down temporary leaf fences. Collect accumulations of drifted
leaves from the vicinity and from planting beds.
TREE WORK
See drawings GR7/41, GR7/42 and GR7/43 for details of vegetation to be removed.
810 TREE WORK GENERALLY

• Identification: Before starting work agree which trees, shrubs and hedges are to be
removed or pruned.
• Protection: Avoid damage to neighbouring trees, plants and property.
• Standards: To BS 3998 and Health & Safety Executive (HSE) 'Forestry and
arboriculture safety leaflets'.
• Removing branches: Cut as Arboricultural Association Leaflet 'Mature tree
management'. Cut vertical branches similarly, with no more slope on the cut surface
than is necessary to shed rainwater.
• Appearance: Leave trees with a well balanced natural appearance.
• Chain saw work: Operatives must hold a Certificate of Competence.
• Tree work: To be carried out by an approved member of the Arboricultural
Association.
815 ADDITIONAL WORK

• Defective, diseased, unsafe or weak parts of trees additional to those scheduled for
attention: Give notice if detected.
820 PREVENTION OF WOUND BLEEDING

• Standard: To BS 3998, clause 8.
825 PREVENTION OF DISEASE TRANSMISSION

• Standard: To BS 3998, clause 9 and Appendix B.
830 CLEANING OUT AND DEADWOODING

• Remove:
- Dead, dying, or diseased wood, broken branches and stubs.
- Fungal growths and fruiting bodies.
- Rubbish, wind blown or accumulated in branch forks.
- Wires, clamps, boards and metal objects, if removable without causing further
damage and not part of a support structure that is to be retained.
- Other unwanted objects, e.g. tree houses, swings.
835 CUTTING AND PRUNING GENERALLY

• Tools: Appropriate, well maintained and sharp.
• Final pruning cuts:
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- Chainsaws: Do not use on branches of less than 50 mm diameter.
- Hand saws: Form a smooth cut surface.
- Anvil type secateurs: Do not use.
• Removing branches: Do not damage or tear the stem.
• Wounds: Keep as small as possible, cut cleanly back to sound wood leaving a
smooth surface, and angled so that water will not collect on the cut area.
• Cutting: Cut at a fork or at the main stem to avoid stumps wherever possible. Large
branches: Remove only with prior approval.
- Remove in small sections and lower to ground with ropes and slings.
• Dead branches and stubs: When removing, do not cut into live wood.
• Unsafe branches: Remove epicormic shoots and potentially weak forks that could fail
in adverse weather conditions.
• Disease or fungus: Give notice if detected. Do not apply fungicide or sealant unless
instructed.
845 CROWN LIFTING

• Clearances: Remove branch systems to give clearance.
- Height: Submit proposals.
• Removing branches: Remove whole branches back to the stem, or cut lower portions
of branches back to lateral or sublateral buds or branches. Do not leave stumps.
850 CROWN THINNING

• Removing branches: Remove inward growing, crossing, rubbing, dead and damaged
branches.
• Thinning: Selectively remove secondary and small live branch growth evenly
throughout the crown.
- Quantity: 15 %.
• Cutting: Make no cuts of more than 25 mm diameter.
- Branches: Cut back to lateral or sublateral buds or branches without leaving
stumps.
• Appearance: Leave a uniform and well balanced structure of branches and foliage.
855 CUTTING TREE ROOTS

• Excavating: Use hand tools only.
• Protected area: Do not cut roots within an area which is the larger of:
- The branch spread of the tree.
- An area with a radius of half the tree's height, measured from the trunk.
• Outside protected area: Give notice of roots exceeding 50 mm in diameter. Do not
cut without approval.
• Cutting:
- Cutting: Make clean smooth cuts with a hand saw.
- Wounds: Minimize. Avoid ragged edges.
- Finishing: Pare cut surfaces smooth with a sharp knife.
• Backfilling:
- Protection: Cover cut roots with clean sharp sand.
- Material: Backfill with original topsoil.
860 REMOVING TREES, SHRUBS AND HEDGES

• Standards: To BS 3998, Appendix A and Health & Safety Executive (HSE)/
Arboricultural and Forestry Advisory Group Safety Leaflets.
• Existing services: Check for below and above ground services. Give notice if they
may be affected.
• Shrubs and smaller trees: Cut down and grub up roots.
• Tree stumps:
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- Removal: Remove mechanically to a minimum depth of 300 mm below ground
level.
- Removal by winching: Give notice. Do not use other trees as supports or
anchors.
• Protection: Avoid damage to neighbouring trees, plants and property.
• Work near retained trees: Where tree canopies overlap and in confined spaces
generally, take down trees carefully in small sections to avoid damage to adjacent
trees that are to be retained.
• Filling holes:
- Material: Use as-dug material and/ or imported soil as required.
- Finishing: Consolidate and grade to marry in with surrounding ground level.
865 BARK DAMAGE

• Wounds:
- Do not attempt to stop sap bleeding.
- Bark: Remove ragged edges using a sharp knife.
- Wood: Remove splintered wood from deep wounds.
- Size: Keep wounds as small as possible.
• Liquid or flux oozing from apparently healthy bark: Give notice.
870 CAVITIES IN TREES

• Investigation: Remove rubbish and rotten wood. Probe the cavity to find the extent of
any decay, and give notice.
• Water filled cavities: Do not drain.
• Sound wood inside cavities: Do not remove.
• Cavity openings: Procedure to be agreed.
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Q40 FENCING
Details relating to the following clauses are shown on drawing GR7/44.
430 STOCKPROOF FENCING

• Locations: as per drawings GR7/41, GR7/42 and GR7/43
• Manufacturer: Submit proposals
• Size:
- Straining post 1200 mm above ground, 125mm dia round section
- Intermediate post 1000 mm above ground, 75mm dia round section.
• Materials: Timber post, galvanized mild steel stock fencing, type C8/80/15 and
barbed wire.
- Treatment: All timber to be treated softwood, all metalwork to be galvanized.
• Centre’s of posts (maximum):
- 100m max between straining posts
- 3m max. between straining posts.
• Method of setting posts:
- Straining posts to be set into ground to a depth of 900mm
- Intermediate posts to be set into ground to a depth of 600mm.
• Accessories: Two rows of barbed wire, with 100mm gaps, strained to an even
tension between posts by mechanical means
- Straining wires to be attached to intermediate posts using 38 x 8g galvanised
wire staples driven to a running fit.
- 1.63mm (2ply, 4 points) galvanised high tensile steel barbed wire shall be
tensioned between straining posts and attached to intermediate posts with 40 x
4mm staples but these shall not be driven home thus allowing wires to move
horizontally when re-tensioned.
510 FIELD GATES AND POSTS:

• Manufacturer: Submit proposals
- Product reference: Proprietary gate, submit proposals.
- Standard: To BS 3470.
• Size: 1.2m high x site dimension TBC.
Gate posts:
- Standard hanging post: 2.4mx200mmx200mm square section
- Standard clapping post: 2.4mx150mmx150mm square section
• Materials: Timber.
• - Treatment: Pressure treated softwood.
- Finish: None.
• Fittings: As supplied with gate in either stainless steel or galvanised steel.
• Method of setting posts: Rammed earth set to a depth of 1200 mm.
• Accessories: Gate to be lockable in open and closed position.
540 STILES: FOR STOCKPROOF FENCE

• Manufacturer: Submit proposals.
• Size: 1m wide between posts, 280mm high to first step, 680mm high to second step.
• Materials: Wood posts, rails and steps.
- Treatment: Treated softwood.
• Posts: Two 125 mm dia round section wood hand posts.
• Fittings: Galvanised fixings to suit.
• Method of setting posts: Driven into earth to a depth of 750mm.
• Accessories: Strands of barbed wire to be enclosed in 100mm length of rubber
piping leaving no barbs exposed between posts
EXECUTION:
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710 INSTALLATION GENERALLY:

• Set out and erect:
- Alignment: Straight lines or smoothly flowing curves.
- Tops of posts: Following profile of the ground.
- Setting posts: Rigid, plumb and to specified depth, or greater where necessary to
ensure adequate support.
- Fixings: All components securely fixed.
740 SETTING POSTS IN EARTH:

• Holes: Excavated neatly, with vertical sides and as small as practicable to allow
refilling.
• Filling: Position posts/ struts and replace excavated material, well rammed as filling
proceeds.
750 DRIVEN POSTS:

• Damage to heads: Minimize.
- Repair: Neatly finish post tops after installation.
770 SITE CUTTING OF WOOD:

• General: Kept to a minimum.
• Below or near ground level: Cutting prohibited.
• Treatment of surfaces exposed by minor cutting and drilling: Two flood coats of
solution recommended for the purpose by main treatment solution manufacturer.
780 MAKING GOOD GALVANIZED SURFACES:

• Treatment of minor damage (including on fasteners and fittings): Low melting point
zinc alloy repair rods or powders made for this purpose, or at least two coats of zinc-
rich paint to BS 4652.
• Thickness: Apply sufficient material to provide a zinc coating at least equal in
thickness to the original layer.
COMPLETION:
910 CLEANING:
• General: Leave the works in a clean, tidy condition.
• Surfaces: Clean immediately before handover.
920 FIXINGS:
• All components: Tighten.
- Timing: Before handover.
SLR
AYLESBURY EDINBURGH NOTTINGHAM
7 Wornal Park, Menmarsh Road, No. 4 The Roundal, Roddinglaw Aspect House, Aspect Business Park,
Worminghall, Aylesbury, Business Park, Gogar, Edinburgh Bennerley Road, Nottingham NG6 8WR
Buckinghamshire HP18 9PH EH12 9DB T: +44 (0)115 9647280
T: +44 (0)1844 337380 T: +44 (0)131 3356830
BELFAST EXETER ST. ALBANS

24 Ballynahinch Street, Hillsborough, 69 Polsloe Road, Exeter EX1 2NF White House Farm Barns, Gaddesden
Co. Down, BT26 6AW Northern Ireland T: + 44 (0)1392 490152 Row, Hertfordshire HP2 6HG
T: +44 (0)28 9268 9036 T: +44 (0)1582 840471
BRADFORD-ON-AVON FARNBOROUGH SHEFFIELD

Treenwood House, Rowden Lane, The Pavilion, 2 Sherborne Road, South STEP Business Centre, Wortley Road,
Bradford-on-Avon, Wiltshire BA15 2AU Farnborough, Hampshire GU14 6JT Deepcar, Sheffield S36 2UH
T: +44 (0)1225 309400 T: +44 (0)1252 515682 T: +44 (0)114 2903628
BRISTOL GLASGOW SHREWSBURY

Langford Lodge, 109 Pembroke Road, 4 Woodside Place, Charing Cross, Mytton Mill, Forton Heath, Montford
Clifton, Bristol BS8 3EU Glasgow G3 7QF Bridge, Shrewsbury SY4 1HA
T: +44 (0)117 9064280 T: +44 (0)141 3535037 T: +44 (0)1743 850170
CAMBRIDGE HUDDERSFIELD STAFFORD

8 Stow Court, Stow-cum-Quy, Westleigh House, Wakefield Road, 8 Parker Court, Staffordshire Technology
Cambridge CB25 9AS Denby Dale, Huddersfield HD8 8QJ Park, Beaconside, Stafford ST18 0WP
T: + 44 (0)1223 813805 T: +44 (0)1484 860521 T: +44 (0)1785 253331
CARDIFF LEEDS WARRINGTON

Fulmar House, Beignon Close, Ocean Suite 1, Jason House, Kerry Hill, Suite 9 Beech House, Padgate Business
Way, Cardiff CF24 5HF Horsforth, Leeds LS18 4JR Park, Green Lane, Warrington WA1 4JN
T: +44 (0)29 20491010 T: +44 (0)113 2580650 T: +44 (0)1925 827218
CHELMSFORD MAIDSTONE WORCESTER

Unit 77, Waterhouse Business Centre, 19 Hollingworth Court, Turkey Mill, Suite 5, Brindley Court, Gresley Road,
2 Cromar Way, Chelmsford, Essex Maidstone, Kent ME14 5PP Shire Business Park, Worcester
CM1 2QE T: +44 (0)1622 609242 WR4 9FD
T: +44 (0)1245 392170 T: +44 (0)1905 751310
DUBLIN NEWCASTLE UPON TYNE

7 Dundrum Business Park, Windy Sailors Bethel, Horatio Street,
Arbour, Dundrum, Dublin 14 Ireland Newcastle-upon-Tyne NE1 2PE
T: + 353 (0)1 2964667 T: +44 (0)191 2611966

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FCC Environment i 411.00197.

Greatmoor EFW, Calvert, Buckinghamshire

Specification for Soft Landscape Works

SLR Ref: 411.00197.00783

145 VARIATIONS IN GROUND WATER LEVEL

150 EXISTING SERVICES/ FEATURES/ STRUCTURES

164 TREE ROOTS:

168 SITE CLEARANCE

170 REMOVING SMALL TREES, SHRUBS, HEDGES AND ROOTS

175 FELLING LARGE TREES:

220 STRIPPING TOPSOIL

221 TREATING TOPSOIL

225 HANDLING TOPSOIL

250 PERMISSIBLE DEVIATIONS FROM FORMATION LEVELS

260 INSPECTING FORMATIONS

270 FOUNDATIONS GENERALLY

290 FOUNDATIONS IN MADE UP GROUND

310 UNSTABLE GROUND

320 RECORDED FEATURES

330 UNRECORDED FEATURES

350 EXISTING WATERCOURSES:

360 EXCESS EXCAVATION

370 UNDERGROUND STRUCTURES IN LANDSCAPE AREAS

410 EXCAVATED TOPSOIL STORAGE

420 TOPSOIL STORAGE HEAPS

421 TOPSOIL STORAGE HEAP TREATMENT

441 SURPLUS SUBSOIL

454 GROUND WATER LEVEL/ RUNNING WATER

460 PERMANENT DRAINAGE SYSTEM

500 PROPOSED FILL MATERIALS

510 HAZARDOUS, AGGRESSIVE OR UNSTABLE MATERIALS

520 FROST SUSCEPTIBILITY

530 PLACING FILL

540 BENCHING IN FILL

550 GEOTEXTILE SHEET

610 COMPACTED FILLING FOR LANDSCAPE AREAS:

615 LOOSE TIP FILLING FOR LANDSCAPE AREAS

626 COMPACTED GENERAL FILLING

640 STARTER LAYER OF COMPACTED FILLING

650 PROTECTION OF COMPACTED FILLING:

700 BACKFILLING AROUND FOUNDATIONS:

710 HARDCORE FILLING:

715 VENTING HARDCORE LAYER:

Q28 TOPSOIL AND GROWING MEDIA

200 GRADING SUBSOIL

250 SUBSOIL SURFACE PREPARATION

260 INSPECTING FORMATIONS

300 TOPSOIL ANALYSIS

310 PREPARATION OF UNDISTURBED TOPSOIL

330 SURPLUS TOPSOIL TO BE RETAINED

315 IMPORTED TOPSOIL TO BS 3882

355 COMPOST FOR ALL PLANTING AREAS

650 NOTICE OF IMPORTING TOPSOIL

660 SAMPLE LOAD OF IMPORTED TOPSOIL

680 TOPSOIL STORAGE HEAPS

690 HANDLING TOPSOIL

700 SPREADING TOPSOIL